IT9021691A1

IT9021691A1 - PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS, FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDLES USED IN THE RIVER SYSTEMS

Info

Publication number: IT9021691A1
Application number: IT021691A
Authority: IT
Inventors: Carlo Dentoni
Original assignee: Sicep Ind S R L
Priority date: 1990-10-10
Filing date: 1990-10-10
Publication date: 1992-04-10
Also published as: EP0480883B1; EP0480883A3; ATE111177T1; EP0480883A2; IT1247892B; DE69103860D1; IT9021691A0

Abstract

There is disclosed an assembly of pre-fabricated elements for making the so-called bridles used in water courses in general. This element assembly comprises reinforced concrete box caissons (3), having a substantially parallelepipedal shape and a box caisson having a rectangular trapezium shape (5), as well as a square plate (6) and a rectangular plate (7), provided with an edge at one of the great sides thereof. These elements, in particular, can be suitably joined to one another and/or superimposed onto one another and can be mutually restrained by beams, rods or other suitable mechanical restraining elements. <IMAGE>

Description

Descrizione dell’Invenzione Industriale avente per titolo: Description of the Industrial Invention entitled:

Elementi’ prefabbricati, per la- costruzione di briglie utilizzate nelle sistemazioni fluviali Prefabricated elements, for the construction of bridles used in river accommodation

RIASSUNTO SUMMARY

Trattasi di elementi prefabbricati, per la costruzione delle briglie utilizzate per la sistemazioni di corsi d'acqua in genere. These are prefabricated elements for the construction of the bridles used for the arrangement of waterways in general.

Tali elementi- comprendono cemento armato, aventi conformazione sostanzialmente parallelepipeda ed un cassero avente un profilo a trapezio rettangolo, nonché1 una lastra a pianta quadrata una lastra a pianta rettangolare, provvista di un bordo in corrispondenza di uno dei lati maggiori. These elements comprise reinforced concrete, having a substantially parallelepiped conformation and a formwork having a rectangular trapezoid profile, as well as a slab with a square plan, a slab with a rectangular plan, provided with an edge in correspondence with one of the longer sides.

I precitati elementi, in particolare, risultano opportunamente accostabili e/o sovrapponibili tra loro e sono reciprocamente vincdlabili mediante travi, tondi, od altri idonei organi meccanici. The aforementioned elements, in particular, can be suitably approached and / or overlapped with each other and can be mutually linked by means of beams, rods, or other suitable mechanical members.

RELAZIONE RELATION

L'oggetto del presente trovato e’ costituito '. da elementi prefabbricati, per la costruzione di briglie utilizzate nelle sistemazioni fluviali. The object of the present invention is'. from prefabricated elements, for the construction of bridles used in river arrangements.

Come e’ noto, lungo il tratto torrenziale di un corso d’acqua, specialmente se questo si svolge in un alveo facilmente erodibile, sono normalmente previsti degli appositi manufatti. As is known, along the torrential stretch of a watercourse, especially if this takes place in an easily erodable riverbed, special artifacts are normally provided.

Questi ultimi sono costruiti attraverso tutto l'alveo di torrenti "in condizioni di scavo", ossia nelle condizioni in cui, durante le piene, si ha asportazione delle materie solide costituenti l’alveo. The latter are built across the entire riverbed of streams "in excavation conditions", that is, in the conditions in which, during floods, the solid materials constituting the riverbed are removed.

Mediante tali manufatti, in sostanza, si tende a provocare una diminuzione della corrente e della velocita’ del corso d’acqua e, conseguentemente, a ridurre la capacita' erosiva della corrente stessa. By means of these artifacts, in essence, there is a tendency to cause a decrease in the current and the speed of the water course and, consequently, to reduce the erosive capacity of the current itself.

E’ altrettanto noto che i manufatti piu’ comunemente impiegati a tale scopo, e funzionalmente piu' efficaci, sono concretizzati da una sequenza di sbarramenti trasversali, denominati briglie. It is also known that the most commonly used, and functionally most effective, artifacts are embodied by a sequence of transverse barriers, called bridles.

Ogni briglia, in pratica, rallentando la corrente a monte, favorisce il deposito del materiale solido di trasporto, che si accumula alle sue spalle. Each bridle, in practice, by slowing down the current upstream, favors the deposit of the solid transport material, which accumulates behind it.

La serie di briglie finisce, quindi, per trasformare il profilo altimetrico dell'alveo in una successione di gradini e di tratti a piccola pendenza. The series of bridle ends, therefore, to transform the altimetric profile of the riverbed into a succession of steps and sections with a small slope.

E' opportuno, comunque, sottolineare il fatto che tali briglie sono tradizionalmente costruite in muratura di pietrame, con malta od a secco, o in calcestruzzo di cemento (armato o no), o con strutture miste di legname e di pietrame. However, it should be emphasized that these bridles are traditionally built in stone masonry, with mortar or dry, or in concrete (reinforced or not), or with mixed structures of wood and stone.

Conseguentemente, la messa in opera delle briglie medesime risulta notevolmente complessa, specialmente per quanto concerne la realizzazione della cunetta, o savenella, o gaveta, prevista nel profilo del relativo ciglio superiore, o cresta. Consequently, the installation of the bridles themselves is considerably complex, especially as regards the realization of the gutter, or savenella, or gaveta, provided in the profile of the relative upper edge, or crest.

I manufatti cosi ' ottenuti, inoltre, non risultano, almeno solitamente, in grado di garantire una soddisfacente resistenza meccanica dei manufatti medesimi, in caso di forti sollecitazioni. Furthermore, the manufactured articles thus obtained are not, at least usually, capable of guaranteeing a satisfactory mechanical resistance of the articles themselves, in case of strong stresses.

Compito del presente trovato e"quello di eliminare gli inconvenienti precedentemente lamentati, realizzando elementi prefabbricati, la quale permetta di semplificare la procedura di costruzione delle briglie, normalmente utilizzate nelle sistemazioni dell'alveo dei corsi d'acqua. The aim of the present invention is to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks, by making prefabricated elements, which allow to simplify the construction procedure of the bridles, normally used in the arrangement of the river bed.

Nell'ambito del compito precitato, uno scopo particolare del presente trovato e' quello di realizzare elementi' prefabbricati, per la costruzione di briglie, utilizzate nella sistemazione di corsi d’acqua, la quale consenta di ottenere dei manufatti strutturalmente molto affidabili. Within the scope of the aforementioned task, a particular object of the present invention is to provide prefabricated elements, for the construction of bridles, used in the arrangement of water courses, which allows to obtain structurally very reliable products.

Un altro scopo del presente trovato e' quello di realizzare elementi prefabbricati, per la costruzione di briglie, utilizzabili nella sistemazione di corsi d’acqua, la quale possa garantire una ampia flessibilità' di impiego. Another object of the present invention is to provide prefabricated elements, for the construction of bridles, which can be used in the arrangement of water courses, which can guarantee a wide flexibility of use.

Il suddetto compito, nonché gli scopi sopra accennati ed altri, che potranno, eventualmente, apparire meglio evidenziati in seguito, vengono conseguiti dagli elementi prefabbricati, per la costruzione di briglie, utilizzate nelle sistemazioni fluviali, secondo il trovato, caratterizzata dal fatto di comprendere dei casseri aventi conformazione sostanzialmente paraileiepipeda, un cassero avente un profilo a trapezio rettangolo, una lastra a pianta quadrata ed una lastra a pianta rettangolare, provvista di un bordo in corrispondenza di uno dei lati maggiori; tali elementi essendo opportunamente accostabili e/o sovrapponibili tra loro e risultando reciprocamente vincolabili mediante travi, tondi, od altri idonei organi meccanici. The aforementioned task, as well as the aforementioned purposes and others, which may possibly appear better highlighted later, are achieved by the prefabricated elements, for the construction of bridles, used in river arrangements, according to the invention, characterized by the fact that they include formworks having a substantially paraileiepiped conformation, a formwork having a rectangle trapezoid profile, a slab with a square plan and a slab with a rectangular plan, provided with an edge in correspondence with one of the longer sides; these elements being suitably approachable and / or overlapping each other and being mutually binding by means of beams, rods, or other suitable mechanical members.

Ulteriori caratteristiche e vantaggi ' degli elementi prefabbricati,che costituiscono l’oggetto del presente Brevetto di Invenzione, potranno essere meglio compresi mediante l’ausilio della seguente descrizione di una forma preferita di esecuzione degli elementi- "in oggetto illustrata, a titolo puramente indicativo, nelle varie figure dei disegni allegati, in cui: Further characteristics and advantages of the prefabricated elements, which constitute the object of the present invention patent, can be better understood with the aid of the following description of a preferred embodiment of the elements - "illustrated herein, purely by way of example, in the various figures of the attached drawings, in which:

nelle figure 1, 2 e 3, sono mostrati, in vista prospettica, tre tipi di casseri di forma parallelepipeda , diversamente dimensionati; Figures 1, 2 and 3 show, in perspective view, three types of parallelepiped formworks, differently sized;

in figura 4, e' rappresentato il cassero a profilo trapezioidale; Figure 4 shows the formwork with a trapezoidal profile;

nelle figure 5 e 6, sono illustrate, rispettivamente, la lastra piana e la lastra con bordo; Figures 5 and 6 show, respectively, the flat plate and the plate with edge;

in figura 7, e1 mostrata, in pianta, una briglia ottenuta con i precitati elementi; Figure 7 shows a plan view of a bridle obtained with the aforementioned elements;

nelle figure 8 e 9, la medesima briglia e' rappresentata, rispettivamente, in sezione longitudinale ed in sezione trasversale. in figures 8 and 9, the same bridle is shown, respectively, in longitudinal section and in cross section.

Con particolare riferimento ai simboli numerici delle varie figure dei disegni allegati, gli elementi prefabbricati, per la costruzione di briglie utilizzate nelle sistemazioni fluviali, in oggetto, comprende un cassero (1), costituito da una struttura scatolata in cemento armato, presentante una forma complessiva parallelepipeda. With particular reference to the numerical symbols of the various figures of the attached drawings, the prefabricated elements, for the construction of bridles used in the river arrangements, in question, comprise a formwork (1), consisting of a boxed structure in reinforced concrete, presenting an overall shape parallelepiped.

Piu’ precisamente, tale cassero presenta una altezza ed una profondità’ unitarie ed una larghezza doppia, nonché' delle discontinuità', (Z), in corrispondenza delle sue pareti minori. More precisely, this formwork has a unitary height and depth and a double width, as well as 'discontinuities', (Z), in correspondence with its minor walls.

Con il suddetto primo cassero coopera un secondo cassero, (3), avente dimensioni unitarie ed aperto su uno delle pareti, nonché’ un terzo cassero, (4), chiuso sulle quattro pareti e presentante una profondità’ opportunamente maggiore. A second formwork, (3), having unitary dimensions and open on one of the walls, as well as a third formwork, (4), closed on the four walls and presenting a suitably greater depth, cooperates with the aforementioned first formwork.

Gli elementi pref abbrica ti,in oggetto, comprendono una ulteriore struttura scatolata, (5), avente, anch’essa, profondità’ ed altezza unitarie e larghezza doppia. The pre-embraced elements, in question, include a further box-like structure, (5), also having unitary depth and height and double width.

Tale struttura scatolata, in particolare, risul· ta aperta su uno dei lati minori, in corrispondenza del quale le due pareti longitudinali, (5’), presentano una opportuna inclinazione . This boxed structure, in particular, is open on one of the shorter sides, at which the two longitudinal walls, (5 '), have an appropriate inclination.

Con le precitate strutture scatolate, o casseri, cooperano inoltre, una lastra a pianta quadrata, (6), ed una lastra a pianta rettangolare (7), o "copertina", provvista di un bordo, (7’), in corrispondenza di una delle pareti maggiori. The aforementioned boxed structures, or formworks, also cooperate with a slab with a square plan, (6), and a slab with a rectangular plan (7), or "cover", provided with an edge, (7 '), in correspondence with one of the major walls.

E’ opportuno, in proposito precisare che la suddetta lastra quadrata presenta, su due lati contrapposti, dei risalti anulari (8), atti ad alloggiare dei tondi di ancoraggio, (9). In this regard, it should be pointed out that the aforementioned square plate has annular projections (8) on two opposite sides, suitable for housing anchor rods (9).

La lastra rettangolare (7), a sua volta, presenta, in prossimità’ del bordo, dei fori passanti (10), suscettibili, anch’essi, di alloggiare una estremità’ di tondi di vincolo trasversale. The rectangular slab (7), in turn, has, near the edge, through holes (10), which are also capable of housing one end of cross-tie rods.

In sostanza, l’accostamento e la sovrapposizione dei precitati casseri con discontinuità’ longitudinale consente di realizzare la fondazione, (11), e l’elevazione, (12), della briglia, indicata con (13). Basically, the juxtaposition and overlapping of the aforementioned formworks with longitudinal discontinuity allows to create the foundation, (11), and the elevation, (12), of the bridle, indicated with (13).

In particolare, la cunetta della briglia, o gaveta, (14), viene delimitata lateralmente mediante i casseri di forma trapezioidale (5). In particular, the channel of the bridle, or gaveta, (14), is delimited laterally by means of the trapezoidal formworks (5).

In corrispondenza della sommità’ dei casseri delimitanti la linea inferiore della cunetta, inoltre, vengono fissate, per mezzo di tondi passanti attraverso i fori (10), le lastre con bordo, o copertine, (7). At the top of the formworks delimiting the lower line of the gutter, the slabs with edges, or covers, (7) are also fixed by means of round bars passing through the holes (10).

Queste ultime, in pratica, sono in grado di garantire una migliore stabilita’ strutturale del manufatto, favorendo, altresì’, lo scorrimento dell’acqua. . The latter, in practice, are able to guarantee a better structural stability of the product, also favoring the flow of water. .

A valle della suddetta briglia, e' prevista la soglia (15), con opportuna inclinazione, la quale viene ottenuta mediante accostamento e vincolo reciproco di una pluralità’ di lastre (6). Downstream of the aforementioned bridle, the threshold (15) is provided, with an appropriate inclination, which is obtained by juxtaposing and reciprocally binding a plurality of plates (6).

Al termine di tale soglia, e' ricavata una traversa (16), in casseri, alla quale seguono due o piu’ file di lastre, (6), uguali1 alle precitate ma libere. At the end of this threshold, a crossbar (16) is obtained, in formwork, followed by two or more rows of slabs, (6), equal1 to the aforementioned but free.

E' opportuno, inoltre, precisare che i vari casseri vengono progressivamente riempiti in fase di messa in opera, con malta di cemento, calcestruzzo o simili. It should also be noted that the various formworks are progressively filled during the installation phase, with cement mortar, concrete or the like.

Da quanto esposto in precedenza e dall’osservazione delle varie figure dei disegni allegati, risultano evidenti la grande funzionalità e la praticità’ di impiego, che caratterizzano la serie di elementi prefabbricati, per la costruzione di briglie utilizzate nelle sistemazioni fluviali, costituente l’oggetto del presente Brevetto di Invenzione. From the foregoing and from the observation of the various figures of the attached drawings, the great functionality and practicality of use, which characterize the series of prefabricated elements, for the construction of bridles used in river arrangements, constituting the object, are evident. of this Invention Patent.

Ovviamente gli elementi prefabbricati e’ stata precedentemente descritta ed illustrata a puro titolo di esempio indicativo, ma non limitativo, ed al solo scopo di dimostrazione della pratica attuabilità’ e delle caratteristiche generali della presente Invenzione, per cui, alla stessa, potranno essere apportate tutte quelle varianti e modifiche alla portata di un esperto del ramo e suscettibili di rientrare nell'ambito dei concetti innovativi sopra esposti. Obviously, the prefabricated elements have been previously described and illustrated purely by way of indicative, but not limiting example, and for the sole purpose of demonstrating the practical feasibility and general characteristics of the present invention, so that all those variants and modifications within the reach of a person skilled in the art and capable of falling within the scope of the innovative concepts described above.

Claims

CLAIMS 1) Prefabricated elements, for the construction of bridles used in river arrangements, characterized by the fact of comprising formworks having a substantially parallelepiped conformation and a formwork having a retlanged trapezoid profile, as well as a slab with a square plan and a slab with a rectangular plan , provided with an edge in correspondence of one of the greater sides; these elements being suitably approachable and / or superimposable with each other and being mutually binding by means of beams, rods, or other suitable mechanical connecting members.

2) Prefabricated elements, as in the previous claim, characterized by the fact that the aforementioned formworks consist of a boxed structure in reinforced concrete and that one of them has a unitary height and depth and a double width, as well as discontinuities, in correspondence of its minor walls.

3) Prefabricated elements, as per the preceding claims, characterized1 by the fact that they comprise a second formwork, having unitary dimensions and open on one of the walls, as well as a third formwork, closed on the four walls and presenting a suitably greater depth. 4) Prefabricated elements, as per the previous claims, characterized by the fact of comprising a further boxed structure, also having unit depth and height and double width; this box-like structure, in particular, is open on one of the shorter sides, in correspondence with which the two longitudinal walls have a suitable inclination. 5) Prefabricated elements, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the aforementioned square plate has, on two opposite sides, annular projections, suitable for housing anchoring rods, and that the rectangular plate, in turn, has , in proximity to the edge, of the through holes, capable of housing one end of round bars for transversal restraint. 6) Prefabricated elements, as per one or more previous claims, characterized by the fact that the juxtaposition and overlapping of the aforementioned formworks with longitudinal discontinuity allows to create the foundation and elevation of a weir, whose gutter, or gaveta , is delimited laterally by means of trapezoidal formworks. -7) Prefabricated elements, as per one or more preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the aforesaid slabs with edges, or covers, are fixed by means of rods, passing through the relative holes, at the top of the formworks delimiting the lower line of the aforementioned gutter and that the threshold, provided downstream of the bridle, is obtained by the juxtaposition and mutual constraint, by means of rods, of a plurality of the aforesaid flat plates. 8) Prefabricated elements, as per one or more preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the aforementioned formworks are also used to create, at the end of the aforementioned threshold, a crosspiece, followed by two or more rows of slabs, equal to the aforementioned but free. 9) Cooperating prefabricated elements, for the construction of bridles used in river arrangements, as per the preceding claims, the whole, in essence, as more fully described and illustrated in the previous report and in the various figures of the attached drawings, which form an integral part of the present application for a Patent for Industrial Invention.