IT8225044A1 - SUPER-ALLOY NICKEL-BASED MONOCRYSTAL ARTICLE WITH HIGH MECHANICAL RESISTANCE AND HIGH CORROSION RESISTANCE - Google Patents
SUPER-ALLOY NICKEL-BASED MONOCRYSTAL ARTICLE WITH HIGH MECHANICAL RESISTANCE AND HIGH CORROSION RESISTANCE Download PDFInfo
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- IT8225044A1 IT8225044A1 IT1982A25044A IT2504482A IT8225044A1 IT 8225044 A1 IT8225044 A1 IT 8225044A1 IT 1982A25044 A IT1982A25044 A IT 1982A25044A IT 2504482 A IT2504482 A IT 2504482A IT 8225044 A1 IT8225044 A1 IT 8225044A1
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- Prior art keywords
- article
- single crystal
- alloys
- super
- alloy
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- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/52—Alloys
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
Description
DESCRIZIONE dell'invenzione industriale dal titolo: DESCRIPTION of the industrial invention entitled:
''ARTICOLO MONOCRISTALLO IN SUPERLEGA A BASE DI NICHEL AD ALTA RE '' HIGH RE NICKEL BASED MONOCRYSTAL ARTICLE IN SUPER ALLOY
MECCANICA ED ALLA CORROSIONE" MECHANICS AND CORROSION "
R I A S S U N T O SUMMARY
Viene descritto il perfezionamento nelle propriet? meccaniche di una particolare superlega a base di nichel che viene ottenuta attraverso la preparazione del materiale con una composizione modificata, in forma di monocristallo e con trattamento a caldo. Tali monocristalli di una particolare composizione mostrano elevate durate prima di rottura alla temperatura che sono almeno dieci volte quelle mostrate dalle convenzionali leghe colate di composizioni simili. Is the refinement in the properties described? mechanics of a particular nickel-based superalloy which is obtained through the preparation of the material with a modified composition, in the form of a single crystal and with heat treatment. Such single crystals of a particular composition exhibit high durations before rupture at temperature which are at least ten times those exhibited by conventional cast alloys of similar compositions.
TESTO DELLA DESCRIZIONE TEXT OF THE DESCRIPTION
La presente invenzione riguarda il campo degli articoli in superlega a base di nichel ad alta resistenza mecc?nica come componenti per turbine a gas, che siano sia resistenti alla corrosione che atti a funzionare ad alte temperature. La presente invenzione riguarda anche il campo degli articoli in superlega monocristallo. The present invention relates to the field of high mechanical strength nickel-based superalloy articles such as components for gas turbines, which are both corrosion resistant and capable of operating at high temperatures. The present invention also relates to the field of single crystal superalloy articles.
La domanda in aumenta per l'efficacia nei motori a turbina a gas ha prodotto domanda di materiali atti a sopportare condizioni operative pi? severe. In particolare capacit? aumentate di resistenza alla temperatura sono richieste per certe applicazioni assieme con la resistenza alla corrasione. The increasing demand for efficiency in gas turbine engines has generated demand for materials capable of withstanding more operating conditions. severe. In particular, capacity? Increases in temperature resistance are required for certain applications along with corrosion resistance.
Il brevetto U.S.A. N? 3.494.709 descrive la fabbricazione di componenti per turbine a gas in forma monocristallo per prestazioni migliorate. Il brevetto U.S.A. N? 4.116.723 descrive un trattamento a caldo applicabile ad articoli in superlega monocristallo allo scopo di migliorare le propriet?. Il brevetto U.S.A. N? 3.619.182 di propriet? della International Nickel Corporation descrive una superlega con resistenza meccanica moderata avente superiore resistenza alla corrosione. U.S. Pat. N? No. 3,494,709 describes the manufacture of gas turbine components in single crystal form for improved performance. U.S. Pat. N? No. 4,116,723 discloses a heat treatment applicable to single crystal superalloy articles in order to improve properties. U.S. Pat. N? 3,619,182 owned of International Nickel Corporation discloses a moderate strength superalloy having superior corrosion resistance.
Secondo la presente invenzione leghe nella gamma di composizione According to the present invention alloys in the composition range
Nb, ? il resto essenzialmente nichel sono dotate di propriet? meccaniche migliorate attraverso la fabbricazione della lega in forma di monocristallo. L'articolo in monocristallo risultante viene quindi preferibilmente trattato a caldo. Leghe monocristallo trattate a caldo di questa composizione mostrano un miglioram?nto di almeno dieci volte nella durata fino a rottura in confronto a leghe di composizione simile che sono state solidificate in modo convenzionale per produrre una struttura policristallina equiassiale. Nb,? the rest essentially nickel have properties? mechanics improved through the manufacture of the alloy in the form of a single crystal. The resulting single crystal article is then preferably heat treated. Heat treated single crystal alloys of this composition show at least a tenfold improvement in durability to failure compared to alloys of similar composition which have been conventionally solidified to produce an equiaxial polycrystalline structure.
Altre caratteristiche e vantaggi diverranno chiari dalla descrizione e dalle rivendicazioni che illustrano una forma di realizzazione della presente invenzione. Other features and advantages will become apparent from the description and claims illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
La presente invenzione ha la sua origine in una osservazione sorprendente ed inaspettata. Una serie di superleghe commerciali sono state valutate in tre forme diverse. Sono stati preparati campio in forma policristallina (colata convenzionalmente), in forma a cristallo colonnare (solidificata direzionalmente), ed in forma monocristallo (solidificata direzionalmente). Le leghe provate sono leghe MAR-M200, MAR-M247, IN 939 e IN 792. Le prime due leghe sono leghe esclusive prodotte sotto licenza della Martin Metals Corporation e le altre due leghe sono leghe esclusiVe fornite dalla International Nickel Corporation. La composizione di queste leghe come provate viene riportata nella Tabella 1. The present invention has its origin in a surprising and unexpected observation. A number of commercial superalloys have been evaluated in three different forms. Samples were prepared in polycrystalline form (conventionally cast), in columnar crystal form (directionally solidified), and in single crystal form (directionally solidified). The alloys tested are MAR-M200, MAR-M247, IN 939 and IN 792 alloys. The first two alloys are proprietary alloys manufactured under license from the Martin Metals Corporation and the other two alloys are excluded alloys supplied by the International Nickel Corporation. The composition of these alloys as tested is shown in Table 1.
Attraverso il riferimento alla Tabella 1 si pu? vedere che materiali colati convenzionalmente contengono agenti rinforzanti dello strato limite di cristallo come carbonio, boro e zirconio, come fanno tutti i materiali a cristallo colonnare. La maggior parte dei campioni a cristallo colonnare contengono anche aggiunte di afnio per una duttilit? trasversale migliorata. La maggior parte dei campioni monocristallo non contiene alcuno degli elementi carbonio, boro, zirconio od afnio. Through the reference to Table 1 you can? see that conventionally cast materials contain crystal boundary layer reinforcing agents such as carbon, boron and zirconium, as do all columnar crystal materials. Most columnar crystal samples also contain hafnium additions for ductility. improved transverse. Most single crystal samples do not contain any of the elements carbon, boron, zirconium or hafnium.
I campioni di lega colata vengono trattati a caldo come descritto nella Tabella 2 ed il trattamento a caldo descritto in questa relazione ? convenzionale trattamento a caldo che ? tipico di quelli che verrebbero probabilmente scelti da una persona esperta nella tecnica. Are the cast alloy samples heat treated as described in Table 2 and the heat treatment described in this report? conventional heat treatment which? typical of those which would probably be chosen by a person skilled in the art.
Questi campioni di lega vengono provati per la resistenza allo scorrimento in differenti condizioni di carico e di temperatura con i risultati mostrati nella Tabella 3. La Tabella 3 mostra i benefici sorprendenti ed inaspettati che derivano dalla fabbricazione della lega IN 792 modificata informa monocristallo. Per le leghe MAR-M200, MAR-M247 e IN 939 il rapporto tra durata fino alla rottura dei campioni monocristallo rispetto ai campioni colati convenzionali ha una media di 4,1 volte, tuttavia per il caso della lega IN 792 il rapporto tra durata fino a rottura del monocristallo rispetto alla durata fino a rottura della colata convenzionale ? di pi? di 17 volte (media delle prove 870?C/344.,75 MPa e 980?C/186,16 MPa). Questo grado di miglioramento ? soprendente ed inaspettata. Appare cos? che il miglioramento (nella durata fino a rottura per scorrimento) ottenuto mediante la fabbricazione della lega IN 792 (modificata) in forma monocristallo ? di circa 37Q? maggiore del beneficio che si potrebbe prevedere sulla base della evidenza fornita dalle altre superleghe. Allo scopo di definire i risultati dell'invenzione, appare che si otterrebbe un minimo di miglioramento di 10 volte nella durata fino a rottura per scorrimento. These alloy samples are tested for creep resistance under different load and temperature conditions with the results shown in Table 3. Table 3 shows the surprising and unexpected benefits of manufacturing the modified IN 792 single crystal alloy. For the MAR-M200, MAR-M247 and IN 939 alloys the ratio between duration to failure of the single crystal samples compared to conventional cast samples has an average of 4.1 times, however for the case of the IN 792 alloy the ratio between duration up to to failure of the single crystal compared to the duration up to failure of the conventional casting? more? of 17 times (average of the tests 870? C / 344., 75 MPa and 980? C / 186.16 MPa). This degree of improvement? surprising and unexpected. It appears so? that the improvement (in the duration up to failure by creep) obtained by manufacturing the alloy IN 792 (modified) in a single crystal form? about 37Q? greater than the benefit that could be expected based on the evidence provided by the other superalloys. In order to define the results of the invention, it appears that a minimum of 10-fold improvement in durability to creep failure would be obtained.
Una conclusione simile viene raggiunta quando si consideri il tempo occorrente fino allo scorrimento dell'1%. In questo caso sulla base delle due leghe MAR M, ci si aspetterebbe un miglioramento medio di 5,4 volte cambiando la macrostruttura del campione di prova da policristallina a monocristallo (in unione con variazioni minori nella composizione e nel trattamento a caldo). Infatti apportando questa modifica alla lega IN 792 modificata si produce un beneficio medio di circa 12,6 volte. Nuovamente questo ? un perfezionamento sproporzionato ed inaspettato e non prevedibile dalle conoscenze precedenti della tecnica. A similar conclusion is reached when considering the time it takes until 1% slip. In this case based on the two MAR M alloys, an average improvement of 5.4 times would be expected by changing the macrostructure of the test sample from polycrystalline to single crystal (in conjunction with minor variations in composition and heat treatment). In fact, making this modification to the modified IN 792 alloy produces an average benefit of about 12.6 times. This again? a disproportionate and unexpected improvement and not foreseeable by previous knowledge of the technique.
Il miglioramento sostanziale nelle propriet? di scorrimento viene reso pi? notevole poich? la composizione dell'invenzione ? leggermente meno densa rispetto alle altre leghe valutate. Inoltre la notevole resistenza alla corrosione mostrata dalla lega IN 792 viene completamente mantenuta nella presente invenzione. The substantial improvement in the properties? scrolling is made pi? remarkable since? the composition of the invention? slightly less dense than the other alloys evaluated. Furthermore, the remarkable corrosion resistance shown by the IN 792 alloy is fully maintained in the present invention.
Un trattamento a caldo come descritto nel brevetto U.S.A. N? 4.116.723 viene preferito allo scopo di ottenere l'aumento massimo nelle propriet?. Un tale trattamento a caldo comporta il soluzionamento della fase gamma primo e l'omogeneizzazione della struttura colata ad una temperatura al di sopra della curva di solubilit? gamma primo (1232?C per la composizione dell'invenzione) seguita da uno o pi? trattamenti di invecchiamento a temperatura inferiore. Il brevetto U.S.A. N? 4.116.723 viene qui incorporato per riferimento. A heat treatment as described in U.S. Pat. N? 4,116,723 is preferred in order to obtain the maximum increase in properties. Such a heat treatment involves the solution of the gamma prime phase and the homogenization of the cast structure at a temperature above the solubility curve. gamma prime (1232? C for the composition of the invention) followed by one or more? aging treatments at a lower temperature. U.S. Pat. N? 4,116,723 is incorporated herein by reference.
Si deve comprendere che la presente invenzione ? limitata alle particolari forme di realizzazione mostrate e descritte in questa relazione, ma che vari cambiamenti e modifiche possono essere apportati senza discostarsi di questo originale concetto come definito dalle seguenti rivendicazioni. It is to be understood that the present invention? limited to the particular embodiments shown and described herein, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from this original concept as defined by the following claims.
TABELLA I TABLE I
TABELLA II: TABLE II:
TABELLA III TABLE III
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US33600281A | 1981-12-30 | 1981-12-30 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IT8225044A0 IT8225044A0 (en) | 1982-12-30 |
| IT8225044A1 true IT8225044A1 (en) | 1984-06-30 |
| IT1155093B IT1155093B (en) | 1987-01-21 |
Family
ID=23314160
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT25044/82A IT1155093B (en) | 1981-12-30 | 1982-12-30 | NICKEL-BASED MONOCRYSTAL ARTICLE WITH HIGH MECHANICAL AND CORROSION RESISTANCE |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58120758A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1339811C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3248134A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2519033A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2112812B (en) |
| IL (1) | IL67502A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1155093B (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5154884A (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1992-10-13 | General Electric Company | Single crystal nickel-base superalloy article and method for making |
| US5399313A (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1995-03-21 | General Electric Company | Nickel-based superalloys for producing single crystal articles having improved tolerance to low angle grain boundaries |
| GB2153848B (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1987-09-16 | United Technologies Corp | High strength hot corrosion resistant single crystals |
| US4597809A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1986-07-01 | United Technologies Corporation | High strength hot corrosion resistant single crystals containing tantalum carbide |
| US6074602A (en) * | 1985-10-15 | 2000-06-13 | General Electric Company | Property-balanced nickel-base superalloys for producing single crystal articles |
| US5100484A (en) * | 1985-10-15 | 1992-03-31 | General Electric Company | Heat treatment for nickel-base superalloys |
| FR2643085B1 (en) * | 1989-02-10 | 1991-05-10 | Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) | NICKEL-BASED SUPERALLOY FOR INDUSTRIAL TURBINE BLADES |
| US5403546A (en) * | 1989-02-10 | 1995-04-04 | Office National D'etudes Et De Recherches/Aerospatiales | Nickel-based superalloy for industrial turbine blades |
| JP2657096B2 (en) * | 1989-05-16 | 1997-09-24 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Precipitation strengthened Ni-based single crystal cast alloy |
| US6086688A (en) * | 1997-07-28 | 2000-07-11 | Alcan International Ltd. | Cast metal-matrix composite material and its use |
| JP6216881B2 (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2017-10-18 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | Laminated production of single crystal alloy parts |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB929687A (en) * | 1961-02-28 | 1963-06-26 | Mond Nickel Co Ltd | Improvements relating to nickel-chromium-cobalt alloys |
| US3494709A (en) * | 1965-05-27 | 1970-02-10 | United Aircraft Corp | Single crystal metallic part |
| US3619182A (en) * | 1968-05-31 | 1971-11-09 | Int Nickel Co | Cast nickel-base alloy |
| US4116723A (en) * | 1976-11-17 | 1978-09-26 | United Technologies Corporation | Heat treated superalloy single crystal article and process |
| US4764225A (en) * | 1979-05-29 | 1988-08-16 | Howmet Corporation | Alloys for high temperature applications |
| GB2073774B (en) * | 1980-03-13 | 1983-07-06 | Rolls Royce | Alloy suitable for making single-crustal castings and a casting made thereof |
| IL65897A0 (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1982-08-31 | Gen Electric | Single crystal nickel-base superalloy,article and method for making |
-
1982
- 1982-12-09 CA CA000417395A patent/CA1339811C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1982-12-17 IL IL67502A patent/IL67502A/en unknown
- 1982-12-23 GB GB08236691A patent/GB2112812B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-12-24 FR FR8221748A patent/FR2519033A1/en active Pending
- 1982-12-27 JP JP57234997A patent/JPS58120758A/en active Pending
- 1982-12-27 DE DE19823248134 patent/DE3248134A1/en active Granted
- 1982-12-30 IT IT25044/82A patent/IT1155093B/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IL67502A (en) | 1986-01-31 |
| IT1155093B (en) | 1987-01-21 |
| DE3248134C2 (en) | 1989-06-08 |
| DE3248134A1 (en) | 1983-07-07 |
| GB2112812B (en) | 1985-10-16 |
| IT8225044A0 (en) | 1982-12-30 |
| JPS58120758A (en) | 1983-07-18 |
| IL67502A0 (en) | 1983-05-15 |
| FR2519033A1 (en) | 1983-07-01 |
| CA1339811C (en) | 1998-04-14 |
| GB2112812A (en) | 1983-07-27 |
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