IT202200000488A1 - VEHICLE FOR DIGITAL CERAMIC INKS - Google Patents
VEHICLE FOR DIGITAL CERAMIC INKS Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- IT202200000488A1 IT202200000488A1 IT102022000000488A IT202200000488A IT202200000488A1 IT 202200000488 A1 IT202200000488 A1 IT 202200000488A1 IT 102022000000488 A IT102022000000488 A IT 102022000000488A IT 202200000488 A IT202200000488 A IT 202200000488A IT 202200000488 A1 IT202200000488 A1 IT 202200000488A1
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- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- group
- ceramic
- ink
- vehicle
- silicon
- Prior art date
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 73
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 title claims description 69
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 polydimethylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940008099 dimethicone Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000570 polyether Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000837 carbohydrate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000151 polyglycol Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 5
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000876 geopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004012 SiCx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004205 SiNX Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004286 SiNxOy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PFZWDJVEHNQTJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Sb] PFZWDJVEHNQTJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021331 inorganic silicon compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl alcohol Natural products CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052572 stoneware Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 2
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KANAPVJGZDNSCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-benzothiazole 1-oxide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2S(=O)N=CC2=C1 KANAPVJGZDNSCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCTXEAQXZGPWFG-RFZPGFLSSA-N 1-[(4r)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl]-3-[[[(4r)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl]carbamoylamino]methyl]urea Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)N(CO)[C@H]1NC(=O)NCNC(=O)N[C@H]1C(=O)NC(=O)N1CO ZCTXEAQXZGPWFG-RFZPGFLSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMEMLELAMQEAIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(tert-butyl)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one Chemical compound N1C=NC(=O)C2=C1C=C(C(C)(C)C)S2 AMEMLELAMQEAIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- LVDKZNITIUWNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bronopol Chemical compound OCC(Br)(CO)[N+]([O-])=O LVDKZNITIUWNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001275 Niobium-titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001308 Zinc ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004110 Zinc silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJRUVLUNYJXTJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr](=O)([O-])[O-].[Fe+2].[Zn+2].[Cr](=O)([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [Cr](=O)([O-])[O-].[Fe+2].[Zn+2].[Cr](=O)([O-])[O-] LJRUVLUNYJXTJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUONGWIAJCJLDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zn].[Mn].[Cr].[Fe] Chemical compound [Zn].[Mn].[Cr].[Fe] ZUONGWIAJCJLDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;oxygen(2-);yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Y+3] JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QQHJESKHUUVSIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony lead Chemical compound [Sb].[Pb] QQHJESKHUUVSIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CJOBVZJTOIVNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium sulfide Chemical compound [Cd]=S CJOBVZJTOIVNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHNRXBZYEKSXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethylisothiazolinone Chemical compound CN1SC(Cl)=CC1=O DHNRXBZYEKSXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCDWXIPZSYBYCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn][Cr][Fe] BCDWXIPZSYBYCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDHWFGNRFMPTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt tin Chemical compound [Co].[Sn] WDHWFGNRFMPTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBDSFTZNNQNSQM-UHFFFAOYSA-H cobalt(2+);diphosphate Chemical compound [Co+2].[Co+2].[Co+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ZBDSFTZNNQNSQM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QZVSYHUREAVHQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diberyllium;silicate Chemical compound [Be+2].[Be+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] QZVSYHUREAVHQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound O[Si](O)=O IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002168 ethanoic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol group Chemical class OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZCTXEAQXZGPWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidurea Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)N(CO)C1NC(=O)NCNC(=O)NC1C(=O)NC(=O)N1CO ZCTXEAQXZGPWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXQWNVPHFNLUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Fe] IXQWNVPHFNLUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HEQBUZNAOJCRSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(ii) chromite Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+3].[Fe+3] HEQBUZNAOJCRSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-butyl alcohol Natural products CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940035429 isobutyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UJPPXNXOEVDSRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(C)C UJPPXNXOEVDSRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940033357 isopropyl laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001510 limonene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940087305 limonene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WJUZJQANVVSKHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxido(oxo)iron Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][Fe]=O.[O-][Fe]=O WJUZJQANVVSKHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl undecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEGLCMHJXHIJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylisothiazolinone Chemical compound CN1SC=CC1=O BEGLCMHJXHIJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052664 nepheline Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010434 nepheline Substances 0.000 description 1
- RJSRQTFBFAJJIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Nb] RJSRQTFBFAJJIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium tungsten Chemical compound [Ti].[W] MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021539 ulexite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052844 willemite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019352 zinc silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JQOAZIZLIIOXEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;chromium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+3].[Cr+3].[Zn+2] JQOAZIZLIIOXEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/38—Inkjet printing inks characterised by non-macromolecular additives other than solvents, pigments or dyes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/102—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/32—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
- C09D11/322—Pigment inks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/36—Inkjet printing inks based on non-aqueous solvents
Description
Descrizione di Brevetto per Invenzione Industriale avente per titolo: Description of Patent for Industrial Invention having title:
?VEICOLO PER INCHIOSTRI DIGITALI CERAMICI?. ?VEHICLE FOR DIGITAL CERAMIC INKS?.
DESCRIZIONE DESCRIPTION
La presente invenzione si riferisce ad un veicolo per inchiostri digitali ceramici. The present invention refers to a vehicle for ceramic digital inks.
Con riferimento al settore della decorazione di manufatti ceramici, ? noto come negli ultimi anni abbia trovato larga diffusione la stampa digitale, nella fattispecie la stampa a getto d?inchiostro. With reference to the sector of decoration of ceramic products, ? It is known that digital printing, in this case inkjet printing, has found widespread diffusion in recent years.
La decorazione ceramica mediante stampa digitale prevede, prima della cottura del manufatto ceramico, la deposizione di uno strato di inchiostro sulla superficie del manufatto stesso che viene successivamente sottoposto a cottura. Ceramic decoration using digital printing involves, before firing the ceramic artefact, the deposition of a layer of ink on the surface of the artefact itself which is subsequently subjected to firing.
La cottura ? un?operazione fondamentale del processo tecnologico di produzione di manufatti ceramici in quanto determina la formazione del materiale ceramico, trasformando le materie prime dell?impasto in nuovi composti cristallini e vetrosi che conferiscono al manufatto ceramico cotto particolari propriet? meccaniche ed estetiche. Cooking? a fundamental operation in the technological process of producing ceramic artefacts as it determines the formation of the ceramic material, transforming the raw materials of the mixture into new crystalline and vitreous compounds which give the fired ceramic artefact particular properties. mechanical and aesthetic.
Gli inchiostri noti sono composti da una parte solida inorganica, il pigmento ceramico, e da una parte liquida di natura organica che ne rappresenta anche pi? del 75% ed ? costituita da un veicolo e da un disperdente in combinazione eventualmente con altri additivi del tipo di superdisperdenti e/o modificatori di viscosit?. The known inks are composed of a solid inorganic part, the ceramic pigment, and a liquid part of an organic nature which represents even more of it. of 75% and ? consisting of a vehicle and a dispersant possibly combined with other additives such as superdispersants and/or viscosity modifiers.
La funzione della frazione organica consiste nel veicolare il pigmento ceramico sulla superficie del manufatto, venendo successivamente eliminata in fase di cottura. The function of the organic fraction consists in conveying the ceramic pigment to the surface of the product, being subsequently eliminated during the firing phase.
Generalmente, la cottura dei manufatti ceramici avviene a temperature elevate comprese tra 750?C e 1250?C, tuttavia, nonostante tali temperature, la combustione delle emissioni organiche non ? mai completa a causa del funzionamento in controcorrente dei forni ceramici che prevede la movimentazione dei manufatti ceramici in direzione opposta rispetto alla direzione di fuoriuscita dei prodotti della combustione dei forni ceramici. Come conseguenza, le sostanze organiche che si decompongono ed evaporano in fase di preriscaldamento, miscelandosi ai prodotti della combustione, vengono trascinate dal flusso gassoso verso il camino di emissione del forno, e quindi verso zone pi? fredde. Generally, the firing of ceramic products takes place at high temperatures between 750°C and 1250°C, however, despite these temperatures, the combustion of organic emissions is not possible. never complete due to the counter-current operation of the ceramic kilns which involves the movement of the ceramic artefacts in the opposite direction to the direction of release of the combustion products from the ceramic kilns. As a consequence, the organic substances that decompose and evaporate during the preheating phase, mixing with the combustion products, are dragged by the gaseous flow towards the oven emission chimney, and therefore towards more pleasant areas. cold.
Tali emissioni, pertanto, non raggiungono livelli termici necessari per la combustione completa e sono, quindi, emesse come tali in atmosfera, determinando il fenomeno della presenza di odori nell?area interessata alla ricaduta dei fumi causati dalla formazione di composti a bassa soglia olfattiva. These emissions, therefore, do not reach the thermal levels necessary for complete combustion and are, therefore, emitted as such into the atmosphere, determining the phenomenon of the presence of odors in the area affected by the fallout of the fumes caused by the formation of compounds with a low olfactory threshold.
La conseguenza della presenza di composti a bassa soglia olfattiva ha comportato, negli ultimi anni, la rilevazione di numerose segnalazioni di odori nei distretti ceramici con il riscontro, in molti casi, della provenienza degli stessi dai camini dei forni ceramici stessi. The consequence of the presence of compounds with a low olfactory threshold has led, in recent years, to the detection of numerous reports of odors in the ceramic districts with the confirmation, in many cases, of their origin from the chimneys of the ceramic kilns themselves.
Per limitare almeno in parte tali disagi, il D.M.12/07/90 prevede un limite per sostanze organiche comuni nelle emissioni dai forni ceramici in concentrazione rapportata ai flussi di massa. To at least partially limit these inconveniences, the Ministerial Decree 12/07/90 provides a limit for common organic substances in emissions from ceramic kilns in concentrations related to mass flows.
Nel dettaglio, il controllo delle emissioni di sostanze organiche volatili (SOV) da forni ceramici prevede attualmente la verifica delle emissioni espresse complessivamente come carbonio organico totale (COT) o come somma dei singoli composti organici. In detail, the control of emissions of volatile organic substances (VOC) from ceramic kilns currently involves the verification of emissions expressed overall as total organic carbon (TOC) or as the sum of individual organic compounds.
Ad oggi, le emissioni di carbonio organico totale devono essere inferiori a 50 mg/Nm3, rappresentando un notevole ostacolo alla diffusione della stampa digitale. To date, total organic carbon emissions must be less than 50 mg/Nm3, representing a significant obstacle to the diffusion of digital printing.
In questo contesto assume un?importanza fondamentale la formulazione del veicolo contenuto negli inchiostri ceramici. In this context, the formulation of the vehicle contained in ceramic inks assumes fundamental importance.
Pertanto, per rispondere almeno in parte a tale esigenza, sono noti inchiostri digitali a bassa emissione di COT. Therefore, to respond at least in part to this need, digital inks with low COT emission are known.
Tuttavia, anche tali inchiostri non sono scevri di inconvenienti dovuti al fatto che i solventi organici presenti nei veicoli in essi contenuti presentano una bassa temperatura di ebollizione. However, even these inks are not free from drawbacks due to the fact that the organic solvents present in the vehicles they contain have a low boiling temperature.
Questa caratteristica determina numerose problematiche legate alla siccativit? degli inchiostri stessi, comportando una maggiore interazione della parte solida dell?inchiostro con il vapore acqueo presente lungo le linee di produzione e che, all?uscita delle testine di stampa, forma incrostazioni. This characteristic causes numerous problems related to dryness. of the inks themselves, resulting in greater interaction of the solid part of the ink with the water vapor present along the production lines and which, at the exit of the print heads, forms encrustations.
Per ovviare almeno in parte ai suddetti inconvenienti, sono stati messi a punto numerosi inchiostri presentanti propriet? diversificate tra loro. To at least partially overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, numerous inks have been developed which present diversified from each other.
A questo proposito, i documenti brevettuali n. US2017/0298245, EP2233539, US2019/0337862, US2011/0160389 e US7677720 descrivono alcune tipologie di inchiostri presentanti formulazioni differenti tra loro, aventi propriet? reologiche diversificate ma che non risolvono in modo soddisfacente i suddetti inconvenienti legati alle emissioni nocive e a bassa soglia olfattiva. In this regard, patent documents no. US2017/0298245, EP2233539, US2019/0337862, US2011/0160389 and US7677720 describe some types of inks presenting different formulations, having properties? diversified rheological processes but which do not satisfactorily resolve the aforementioned drawbacks linked to harmful emissions and low olfactory thresholds.
Nel dettaglio, il documento brevettuale n. US2017/0298245 descrive un inchiostro ceramico per stampa digitale comprendente surfattanti che prevedono l?impiego di composti siliconici. Tuttavia, l?impiego delle suddette sostanze non apporta alcun contributo alla riduzione delle emissioni odorose. In detail, patent document no. US2017/0298245 describes a ceramic ink for digital printing comprising surfactants which involve the use of silicone compounds. However, the use of the aforementioned substances does not make any contribution to the reduction of odorous emissions.
Inoltre, il documento brevettuale n. US2019/0337862 descrive un inchiostro comprendente pigmenti ceramici in forma di scaglie comprendenti composti a base di silicio ma che, analogamente ai documenti sopracitati, in nessun modo permette di abbattere drasticamente le emissioni odorose e nocive. Furthermore, patent document no. US2019/0337862 describes an ink comprising ceramic pigments in the form of flakes comprising silicon-based compounds but which, similarly to the documents mentioned above, in no way allows to drastically reduce odorous and harmful emissions.
Ulteriormente, i documenti brevettuali n. US7803221, US2014/291313 e KR20190075226 descrivono inchiostri che in alcun modo risolvono il problema correlato alle emissioni odorose e nocive senza influenzare la qualit? di stampa. Furthermore, patent documents no. US7803221, US2014/291313 and KR20190075226 describe inks that in no way solve the problem related to odorous and harmful emissions without affecting the quality of the product. of printing.
A questo proposito, US7803221 descrive un inchiostro per stampa su superfici ceramiche in cui la parte solida dell?inchiostro prevede composti a base di silicio che in alcun modo diminuiscono la formazione di emissioni odorose e nocive. In this regard, US7803221 describes an ink for printing on ceramic surfaces in which the solid part of the ink includes silicon-based compounds which in no way reduce the formation of odorous and harmful emissions.
US2014/291313 descrive un procedimento per la realizzazione di manufatti ceramici che prevede l?impiego di una resina comprendente composti inorganici a base di silicio e che, quando sottoposta a riscaldamento, reticola e permane sottoforma di materiale organico che nessun?influenza garantisce circa la riduzione delle suddette emissioni odorose e nocive. Infine, KR20190075226 descrive l?uso di tensioattivi comprendenti composti a base di silicio che, in analogia agli insegnamenti in accordo con i precedenti documenti, non fornisce alcuna soluzione efficace per la riduzione delle emissioni odorose. US2014/291313 describes a process for the creation of ceramic products which involves the use of a resin comprising inorganic compounds based on silicon and which, when subjected to heating, reticulates and remains in the form of organic material which no influence guarantees regarding the reduction of the aforementioned odorous and harmful emissions. Finally, KR20190075226 describes the use of surfactants comprising silicon-based compounds which, in analogy to the teachings in accordance with previous documents, does not provide any effective solution for the reduction of odorous emissions.
In aggiunta, gli inchiostri noti tendono a seccare molto rapidamente comportando l?ostruzione degli ugelli e delle testine di stampa e determinando il danneggiamento delle testine stesse con conseguente abbassamento dell?efficienza e della qualit? di stampa. In addition, known inks tend to dry very quickly, resulting in the clogging of the nozzles and print heads and causing damage to the heads themselves with a consequent reduction in efficiency and quality. of printing.
Appare quindi evidente che nessun insegnamento della tecnica nota fornisce chiare e precise indicazioni circa una soluzione che consenta di ridurre in modo drastico le emissioni odorose e nocive e al contempo mantenere buone prestazioni di stampa. It therefore appears evident that no teaching of the prior art provides clear and precise indications regarding a solution that allows to drastically reduce odorous and harmful emissions and at the same time maintain good printing performance.
A questo scopo, ? particolarmente sentita l?esigenza di ricercare veicoli per inchiostri digitali ceramici che consentano di ridurre notevolmente le emissioni di COT rispettando i limiti di legge e mantenendo inalterata l?efficienza di stampa e la resa dei colori ceramici. For this purpose, ? There is a particularly strong need to research vehicles for digital ceramic inks that allow for a significant reduction in COT emissions while respecting legal limits and maintaining the printing efficiency and yield of ceramic colors unchanged.
Il compito principale della presente invenzione ? quello di escogitare un veicolo per inchiostri digitali ceramici, che consenta di ridurre notevolmente le emissioni di COT, garantendo un?elevata efficienza di stampa nonch? resa dei colori ceramici. The main task of the present invention is? that of devising a vehicle for digital ceramic inks, which allows to significantly reduce COT emissions, guaranteeing high printing efficiency as well as? rendering of ceramic colors.
All?interno di questo compito, uno scopo del presente trovato ? quello di escogitare un veicolo per inchiostri digitali ceramici, che consenta di ridurre notevolmente il contenuto di componenti organiche totali degli inchiostri digitali ceramici di tipo noto. Within this task, one purpose of the present invention is? that of devising a vehicle for ceramic digital inks, which allows the content of total organic components of known ceramic digital inks to be significantly reduced.
Un altro scopo del presente trovato ? quello di escogitare un veicolo per inchiostri digitali ceramici che aumenti il potere lubrificante degli inchiostri ceramici durante l?erogazione degli stessi da parte delle testine di stampa, evitandone l?ostruzione e riducendone notevolmente l?usura e il rischio di rottura delle stesse. Another purpose of the present invention? that of devising a vehicle for digital ceramic inks that increases the lubricating power of the ceramic inks during their dispensing by the print heads, avoiding their obstruction and significantly reducing wear and the risk of their breaking.
Altro scopo del presente trovato ? quello di escogitare un veicolo per inchiostri digitali ceramici che consenta di superare i menzionati inconvenienti della tecnica nota nell?ambito di una soluzione semplice, razionale, di facile ed efficace impiego e dal costo contenuto. Other purpose of the present invention? that of devising a vehicle for digital ceramic inks which allows the aforementioned drawbacks of the known art to be overcome within the context of a simple, rational solution that is easy and effective to use and has a low cost.
Gli scopi sopra esposti sono raggiunti dal presente un veicolo per inchiostri digitali ceramici, avente le caratteristiche di rivendicazione 1. The above objectives are achieved by the present vehicle for ceramic digital inks, having the characteristics of claim 1.
Un primo aspetto della presente invenzione riguarda un veicolo per inchiostri digitali ceramici. A first aspect of the present invention concerns a vehicle for ceramic digital inks.
Si specifica che nell?ambito della presente trattazione con le espressioni ?manufatto ceramico? o ?materiale ceramico? si fa riferimento a materiali opzionalmente anche vetrosi. It is specified that in the context of this discussion with the expressions ?ceramic artefact? or ?ceramic material? reference is made to optionally glassy materials.
Si specifica che nell?ambito della presente trattazione con l?espressione ?stampa digitale? si fa riferimento ad un sistema di stampa generico dove la forma da stampare viene generata attraverso processi elettronici e impressa direttamente sul materiale da stampare. It is specified that in the context of this discussion with the expression ?digital printing? we refer to a generic printing system where the shape to be printed is generated through electronic processes and imprinted directly on the material to be printed.
A titolo esemplificativo, la stampa a getto d?inchiostro comprende tecnologia drop-on-demand di tipo piezoelettrico. For example, inkjet printing includes piezoelectric drop-on-demand technology.
Tale tipologia di stampa a getto di inchiostro consente l?applicazione di un peso compreso tra 10-200 g/m<2>, una risoluzione di 180-720 dpi e un volume della goccia compreso tra 10 e 200 pl. This type of inkjet printing allows the application of a weight between 10-200 g/m<2>, a resolution of 180-720 dpi and a drop volume between 10 and 200 pl.
I manufatti ceramici comprendono un corpo principale ricoperto da uno o pi? strati di materiale alternativamente scelto tra: ceramico, vetroso od organico. Ceramic artefacts include a main body covered by one or more layers of material alternatively chosen from: ceramic, glassy or organic.
Ad esempio, tali manufatti sono destinati a essere impiegati come rivestimento per pavimenti, pareti esterne ed interne o come elemento di arredo del tipo di stoviglie, top cucina e parti di mobili. For example, these products are intended to be used as floor coverings, external and internal walls or as furnishing elements such as crockery, kitchen tops and furniture parts.
Nell?ambito della presente trattazione con il termine ?agglomerati? si fa riferimento a piastrelle o lastre realizzate in materiale inorganico del tipo di quarzo o vetro, che formano un materiale coerente grazie all?impiego di un legante inorganico o organico polimerico. In the context of this discussion with the term ?agglomerates? we refer to tiles or slabs made of inorganic material such as quartz or glass, which form a coherent material thanks to the use of an inorganic or organic polymeric binder.
Il veicolo comprende almeno un componente oligomerico o polimerico a base di silicio presentante la seguente unit? monomerica di formula: Does the vehicle comprise at least one silicon-based oligomeric or polymeric component having the following unit? monomeric formula:
Formula I Formula I
- in cui X ? O; e - in which X? OR; And
in cui R1, R2 sono uguali o diversi tra loro e sono indipendentemente scelti tra: idrogeno, gruppo idrossile, gruppo metile, gruppo etile, catene alchiliche lineari o ramificate, catene alifatiche lineari o ramificate contenenti silicio; wherein R1, R2 are the same or different from each other and are independently selected from: hydrogen, hydroxyl group, methyl group, ethyl group, linear or branched alkyl chains, linear or branched aliphatic chains containing silicon;
- in cui n ? compreso tra 2 e 500. - where n ? between 2 and 500.
Si specifica che nell?ambito della presente trattazione con l?espressione ?almeno un componente oligomerico o polimerico a base di silicio? si indica che il veicolo pu? comprendere una pluralit? di composti a base di silicio, sia appartenenti alla medesima tipologia chimica (ad esempio polidimetilsilossani aventi eventualmente diverso peso molecolare), sia appartenenti a tipologie chimiche diverse (ad esempio polidimetilsilossani e polidietilsilossani). It is specified that in the context of this discussion with the expression "at least one silicon-based oligomeric or polymeric component" it indicates that the vehicle can? understand a plurality? of silicon-based compounds, both belonging to the same chemical type (for example polydimethylsiloxanes possibly having different molecular weight), and belonging to different chemical types (for example polydimethylsiloxanes and polydiethylsiloxanes).
Ulteriormente, si specifica che tale espressione ? usata per indicare genericamente composti comprendenti almeno un atomo di silicio. Furthermore, it is specified that this expression is ? used to generically indicate compounds comprising at least one silicon atom.
Preferibilmente, l?almeno il componente oligomerico o polimerico a base di silicio sono lineari o ciclici. Preferably, the at least the silicon-based oligomeric or polymeric component are linear or cyclic.
Vantaggiosamente, il componente oligomerico o polimerico a base di silicio in accordo con la formula I presenta n compreso tra 3 e 80. Advantageously, the silicon-based oligomeric or polymeric component according to formula I has n between 3 and 80.
Preferibilmente, il componente oligomerico o polimerico a base di silicio presenta un peso molecolare (P.M.) inferiore a 6000 g/mol. Preferably, the silicon-based oligomeric or polymeric component has a molecular weight (M.W.) lower than 6000 g/mol.
Convenientemente, l?almeno il componente oligomerico o polimerico a base di silicio ? presente in una concentrazione in peso, valutata rispetto al peso complessivo del veicolo, compresa tra 50% e 100%. Conveniently, at least the silicon-based oligomeric or polymeric component is present in a concentration by weight, evaluated with respect to the overall weight of the vehicle, between 50% and 100%.
Preferibilmente, l?almeno il componente oligomerico o polimerico a base di silicio ? presente in una concentrazione in peso, valutata rispetto al peso complessivo del veicolo, superiore al 70%. Preferably, at least the silicon-based oligomeric or polymeric component is present in a concentration by weight, evaluated with respect to the overall weight of the vehicle, greater than 70%.
Non si esclude dall?ambito della presente trattazione che il veicolo in accordo con il presente trovato comprenda due o pi? componenti oligomerici o polimerici a base di silicio. It is not excluded from the scope of this discussion that the vehicle in accordance with the present invention includes two or more silicon-based oligomeric or polymeric components.
Inoltre, il veicolo in accordo con il presente trovato pu? comprendere almeno un cosolvente scelto dall?elenco comprendente: chetone, etere, estere, alcol grasso, terpene, idrocarburo alifatico, acqua e polioli. Furthermore, the vehicle according to the present invention can? include at least one cosolvent chosen from the list including: ketone, ether, ester, fatty alcohol, terpene, aliphatic hydrocarbon, water and polyols.
Vantaggiosamente, il cosolvente ? presente in una concentrazione in peso, valutata rispetto al peso complessivo del veicolo, compresa tra 0% e 50%. Preferibilmente: Advantageously, the cosolvent is present in a concentration by weight, evaluated with respect to the overall weight of the vehicle, between 0% and 50%. Preferably:
- il chetone comprende un metiletilchetone (CAS 78-93-3); - the ketone includes a methyl ethyl ketone (CAS 78-93-3);
- l?etere comprende un etere dietilico (CAS 60-29-7); - the ether comprises a diethyl ether (CAS 60-29-7);
- l?estere comprende un estere dell?alcool isopropilico, un estere dell?alcool isobutilico o un estere dell?alcool 2-etilesilico, ad esempio 2,2,4-trimetil-1,3-pentadiolo monoisobutirrate (CAS 252-77-4), - the ester includes an isopropyl alcohol ester, an isobutyl alcohol ester or a 2-ethylhexyl alcohol ester, for example 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentadiol monoisobutyrate (CAS 252-77- 4),
- l?estere comprende un estere dell?acido laurico, preferibilmente isopropil laurato (CAS 10233-13-3), e/o un estere dell?acido acetico, pi? preferibilmente etil acetato (CAS 141-78-6); - the ester comprises a lauric acid ester, preferably isopropyl laurate (CAS 10233-13-3), and/or an acetic acid ester, plus preferably ethyl acetate (CAS 141-78-6);
- l?alcool grasso comprende alcool laurilico (CAS 112-53-8); - fatty alcohol includes lauryl alcohol (CAS 112-53-8);
- il terpene comprende limonene (CAS138-86-3 (R/S), 5989-27-5 (R), 5989-54-8 (S)) - the terpene includes limonene (CAS138-86-3 (R/S), 5989-27-5 (R), 5989-54-8 (S))
- l?idrocarburo alifatico comprende paraffine e/o isoparaffine. Nel dettaglio, l?idrocarburo alifatico presenta un peso molecolare inferiore a 300 g/mol. - the aliphatic hydrocarbon includes paraffins and/or isoparaffins. In detail, the aliphatic hydrocarbon has a molecular weight of less than 300 g/mol.
- il poliolo ? scelto tra glicerine e polietilenglicole (CAS 25322-68-3). Non si esclude dall?ambito della presente invenzione che il veicolo in accordo con la presente invenzione comprenda due o pi? cosolventi miscelati tra loro. - polyol? chosen between glycerines and polyethylene glycol (CAS 25322-68-3). It is not excluded from the scope of the present invention that the vehicle in accordance with the present invention comprises two or more cosolvents mixed together.
A titolo esemplificativo si riportano qui di seguito due formulazioni di veicoli in accordo con il presente trovato. By way of example, two vehicle formulations in accordance with the present invention are reported below.
FORMULAZIONE 1 VEICOLO: 1 VEHICLE FORMULATION:
FORMULAZIONE 2 VEICOLO: VEHICLE FORMULATION 2:
In un secondo aspetto, il presente trovato riguarda un inchiostro per stampa digitale ceramica, preferibilmente per stampa a getto d?inchiostro. In a second aspect, the present invention concerns an ink for ceramic digital printing, preferably for inkjet printing.
L?inchiostro comprende: The ink includes:
- una parte solida comprendente almeno un pigmento ceramico e/o colorante; e - a solid part comprising at least one ceramic pigment and/or colorant; And
- una parte liquida in cui ? disperso il pigmento ceramico e/o colorante e comprendente almeno il veicolo in accordo con la presente invenzione e almeno un disperdente. - a liquid part in which? dispersing the ceramic pigment and/or colorant and comprising at least the vehicle in accordance with the present invention and at least one dispersant.
Si specifica che nell?ambito della presente trattazione, l?inchiostro pu? contenere uno o pi? veicoli e uno o pi? disperdenti. It is specified that in the context of this discussion, the ink can? contain one or more? vehicles and one or more? dispersants.
Nell?ambito della presente trattazione l?espressione ?uno o pi? veicoli? indica che l?inchiostro pu? comprendere una pluralit? di veicoli, sia appartenenti alla medesima tipologia chimica (ad esempio polisilossani aventi eventualmente diverso peso molecolare), sia appartenenti a tipologie chimiche diverse (ad esempio polisilossani e paraffine). In the context of this discussion the expression ?one or more? vehicles? indicates that the ink can understand a plurality? of vehicles, both belonging to the same chemical type (for example polysiloxanes possibly having different molecular weight), and belonging to different chemical types (for example polysiloxanes and paraffins).
Similmente, l?espressione ?uno o pi? disperdenti? indica che l?inchiostro pu? comprendere una pluralit? di disperdenti, sia appartenenti alla medesima tipologia chimica (ad esempio polimeri acrilici aventi eventualmente peso molecolare diverso), sia appartenenti a tipologie chimiche differenti (ad esempio polimeri acrilici e poliuretanici). Similarly, the expression ?one or more? dispersants? indicates that the ink can understand a plurality? of dispersants, both belonging to the same chemical type (for example acrylic polymers possibly having different molecular weight), and belonging to different chemical types (for example acrylic and polyurethane polymers).
Nel dettaglio, il pigmento ceramico ? di origine sintetica o naturale. In detail, the ceramic pigment is of synthetic or natural origin.
Nell?ambito della presente trattazione con l?espressione ?pigmento ceramico? si fa riferimento a composti inorganici, sia coloranti che non coloranti, atti ad ottenere effetti tecnici e/o estetici sul manufatto ceramico e con l?espressione ?pigmento colorante? si fa riferimento a composti organici. In the context of this discussion with the expression ?ceramic pigment? reference is made to inorganic compounds, both coloring and non-coloring, capable of obtaining technical and/or aesthetic effects on the ceramic product and with the expression ?coloring pigment? refers to organic compounds.
A titolo esemplificativo, il pigmento ceramico e/o colorante ? scelto dall?elenco comprendente: By way of example, the ceramic pigment and/or colorant? chosen from the list including:
- feldspati; - feldspars;
- carbonato di metallo alcalino; - alkali metal carbonate;
- carbonato di metallo alcalino terrosi; - alkaline earth metal carbonate;
- solfato di metallo alcalino terrosi; - alkaline earth metal sulphate;
- caolino; - kaolin;
- metacaolino; - metakaolin;
- smectiti; - smectites;
- illiti; - illiti;
- fritta di vetro; - glass frit;
- graniglia di vetro; - glass grit;
- wollastonite; - wollastonite;
- pseudowollastonite; - pseudowollastonite;
- nefelina; - nepheline;
- spodumene; - spodumene;
- allumina; - alumina;
- mullite; - mullite;
- bismuto vanadato; - bismuth vanadate;
- dolomite; - dolomite;
- ulexite; - ulexite;
- colemanite; - colemanitis;
- ossido di silicio; - silicon oxide;
- ossido di zirconio; - zirconium oxide;
- silicato di zirconio; - zirconium silicate;
- biossido di titanio; - titanium dioxide;
- carbonati di metalli alcalini; - alkali metal carbonates;
- carbonati di metalli alcalino terrosi; - carbonates of alkaline earth metals;
- geopolimeri a base di silicio e alluminio; - silicon and aluminum based geopolymers;
- geopolimeri a base di alluminio; - aluminium-based geopolymers;
- geopolimeri a base di silicio; - silicon-based geopolymers;
- antimony nickel titantium oxide yellow (EINICS 232-353-3; CAS 8007-18-9); - antimony nickel titantium oxide yellow (EINICS 232-353-3; CAS 8007-18-9);
- pyrochlore, antimony lead yellow (EINICS 232-382-1; CAS 8012-00-8); - pyrochlore, antimony lead yellow (EINICS 232-382-1; CAS 8012-00-8);
- aluminium yttrium trioxide (EINICS 234-443-8; CAS 12003-86-0); - dichromium zinc tetraoxide (EINICS 234-637-2; CAS 12018-19-8); - diiron magnesium tetraoxide (EINICS 235-107-3; CAS 12068-86-9); - chromium iron oxide (EINICS 235-790-8; CAS 12737-27-8); - aluminum yttrium trioxide (EINICS 234-443-8; CAS 12003-86-0); - dichromium zinc tetraoxide (EINICS 234-637-2; CAS 12018-19-8); - diiron magnesium tetraoxide (EINICS 235-107-3; CAS 12068-86-9); - chromium iron oxide (EINICS 235-790-8; CAS 12737-27-8);
- tricobalt bis(orthophosphate) (EINICS 236-655-6; CAS 13455-36-2); - cobalt titanate green spinel (EINICS 269-047-4; CAS 68186-85-6); - cobalt zinc aluminate blue spinel (EINICS 269-049-5; CAS 68186-87-8); - tricobalt bis(orthophosphate) (EINICS 236-655-6; CAS 13455-36-2); - cobalt titanate green spinel (EINICS 269-047-4; CAS 68186-85-6); - cobalt zinc aluminate blue spinel (EINICS 269-049-5; CAS 68186-87-8);
- zinc iron chromite brown spinel (EINICS 269-050-0; CAS 68186-88-9); - zinc iron chromite brown spinel (EINICS 269-050-0; CAS 68186-88-9);
- chrome antimony titanium buff rutile (EINICS 269-052-1; CAS 68186-90-3); - chrome antimony titanium buff rutile (EINICS 269-052-1; CAS 68186-90-3);
- copper chromite black spinel (EINICS 269-053-7; CAS 68186-91-4); - chrome tungsten titanium buff rutile (EINICS 269-054-2; CAS 68186-92-5); - copper chromite black spinel (EINICS 269-053-7; CAS 68186-91-4); - chrome tungsten titanium buff rutile (EINICS 269-054-2; CAS 68186-92-5);
- tin vanadium yellow cassiterite (EINICS 269-055-8; CAS 68186-93-6); - manganese ferrite black spinel (EINICS 269-056-3; CAS 68186-94-7); - zirconium vanadium blue zircon (EINICS 269-057-9; CAS 68186-95-8); - tin vanadium yellow cassiterite (EINICS 269-055-8; CAS 68186-93-6); - manganese ferrite black spinel (EINICS 269-056-3; CAS 68186-94-7); - zirconium vanadium blue zircon (EINICS 269-057-9; CAS 68186-95-8);
- spinels, chromium iron manganese zinc brown (EINICS 269-058-4; - spinels, chromium iron manganese zinc brown (EINICS 269-058-4;
CAS 68186-96-9); CAS 68186-96-9);
- iron cobalt chromite black spinel (EINICS 269-060-5; CAS 68186-97-0); - iron cobalt chromite black spinel (EINICS 269-060-5; CAS 68186-97-0);
- manganese alumina pink corundum (EINICS 269-061-0; CAS 68186-99-2); - manganese alumina pink corundum (EINICS 269-061-0; CAS 68186-99-2);
- titanium vanadium antimony grey rutile (EINICS 269-062-6; CAS 68187-00-8); - titanium vanadium antimony gray rutile (EINICS 269-062-6; CAS 68187-00-8);
- vanadium zirconium yellow baddeleyite (EINICS 269-063-1; CAS 68187-01-9); - vanadium zirconium yellow baddeleyite (EINICS 269-063-1; CAS 68187-01-9);
- spinels, iron titanium brown (EINICS 269-064-7; CAS 68187-02-0); - spinels, iron titanium brown (EINICS 269-064-7; CAS 68187-02-0);
- spinels, cobalt tin grey (EINICS 269-066-8; CAS 68187-05-3); - spinels, cobalt tin gray (EINICS 269-066-8; CAS 68187-05-3);
- cobalt chromite blue green spinel (EINICS 269-072-0; CAS 68187-11-1); - cobalt chromite blue green spinel (EINICS 269-072-0; CAS 68187-11-1);
- chrome tin pink sphene (EINICS 269-073-6; CAS 68187-12-2); - chrome tin pink sphene (EINICS 269-073-6; CAS 68187-12-2);
- zirconium praseodymium yellow zircon (EINICS 269-075-7; CAS 68187-15-5); - zirconium praseodymium yellow zircon (EINICS 269-075-7; CAS 68187-15-5);
- chrome alumina pink corundum (EINICS 269-083-0; CAS 68187-27-9); - chrome alumina pink corundum (EINICS 269-083-0; CAS 68187-27-9);
- olivine, cobalt silicate blue (EINICS 269-093-5; CAS 68187-40-6); - olivine, cobalt silicate blue (EINICS 269-093-5; CAS 68187-40-6);
- cobalt chromite green spinel (EINICS 269-101-7; CAS 68187-49-5); - cobalt chromite green spinel (EINICS 269-101-7; CAS 68187-49-5);
- iron cobalt black spinel (EINICS 269-102-2; CAS 68187-50-8); - iron cobalt black spinel (EINICS 269-102-2; CAS 68187-50-8);
- zinc ferrite brown spinel (EINICS 269-103-8; CAS 68187-51-9); - zinc ferrite brown spinel (EINICS 269-103-8; CAS 68187-51-9);
- chrome tin orchid cassiterite (EINICS 269-104-3; CAS 68187-53-1); - chrome tin orchid cassiterite (EINICS 269-104-3; CAS 68187-53-1);
- tin antimony grey cassiterite (EINICS 269-105-9; CAS 68187-54-2); - tin antimony gray cassiterite (EINICS 269-105-9; CAS 68187-54-2);
- chrome alumina pink spinel (EINICS 269-230-9; CAS 68201-65-0); - chrome alumina pink spinel (EINICS 269-230-9; CAS 68201-65-0);
- manganese antimony titanium buff rutile (EINICS 270-185-2; CAS 68412-38-4); - manganese antimony titanium buff rutile (EINICS 270-185-2; CAS 68412-38-4);
- cobalt zinc silicate blue phenacite (EINICS 270-208-6; CAS 68412-748); - cobalt zinc silicate blue phenacite (EINICS 270-208-6; CAS 68412-748);
- zirconium iron pink zircon (EINICS 270-210-7; CAS 68412-79-3); - zirconium iron pink zircon (EINICS 270-210-7; CAS 68412-79-3);
- victoria green garnet (EINICS 271-385-2; CAS 68553-01-5); - victoria green garnet (EINICS 271-385-2; CAS 68553-01-5);
- spinels, chromium iron manganese brown (EINICS 271-411-2; CAS 68555-06-6); - spinels, chromium iron manganese brown (EINICS 271-411-2; CAS 68555-06-6);
- chrome niobium titanium buff rutile (EINICS 271-891-3; CAS 68611-42-7); - chrome niobium titanium buff rutile (EINICS 271-891-3; CAS 68611-42-7);
- nickel niobium titanium buff rutile (EINICS 271-892-9; CAS 68611-43-8); - nickel niobium titanium buff rutile (EINICS 271-892-9; CAS 68611-43-8);
- hematite, chromium green black (EINICS 272-713-7; CAS 68909-79-5); - hematite, chromium green black (EINICS 272-713-7; CAS 68909-79-5);
- nickel iron chromite black spinel (EINICS 275-738-1; CAS 71631-15-7); - nickel iron chromite black spinel (EINICS 275-738-1; CAS 71631-15-7);
- zircon, cadmium yellow (EINICS 277-135-9; CAS 72968-34-4); - zircon, cadmium yellow (EINICS 277-135-9; CAS 72968-34-4);
- spinels, copper green (EINICS 305-837-8; CAS 95046-49-4) - spinels, copper green (EINICS 305-837-8; CAS 95046-49-4)
- rutiles, antimony titanium yellow orange (EINICS 305-908-3; CAS 95193-93-4) - rutiles, antimony titanium yellow orange (EINICS 305-908-3; CAS 95193-93-4)
- spinels, chromium green (EINICS 306-013-0; CAS 95465-97-7 - spinels, chromium green (EINICS 306-013-0; CAS 95465-97-7
- aluminium oxide (EINICS 310-073-3; CAS 102110-71-4) - aluminum oxide (EINICS 310-073-3; CAS 102110-71-4)
- silicic acid, zirconium salt, cadmium pigment-encapsulated (EINICS 310-077-5; CAS 102184-95-2) - silicic acid, zirconium salt, cadmium pigment-encapsulated (EINICS 310-077-5; CAS 102184-95-2)
- cobalt aluminate blue spinel (EINICS 310-193-6; CAS 1345-16-0) - cobalt aluminate blue spinel (EINICS 310-193-6; CAS 1345-16-0)
- pseudobrookite (Fe2TiO5) (EINICS 603-450-1; CAS 1310-39-0) Reaction mass of fumes, silica and diiron trioxide (EINICS 909-981-8; CAS 1353091-50-5); - pseudobrookite (Fe2TiO5) (EINICS 603-450-1; CAS 1310-39-0) Reaction mass of fumes, silica and diiron trioxide (EINICS 909-981-8; CAS 1353091-50-5);
- reaction mass of willemite, white and zinc iron chromite brown spinel (EINICS 936-897-9; CAS 1373399-58-6). - reaction mass of willemite, white and zinc iron chromite brown spinel (EINICS 936-897-9; CAS 1373399-58-6).
Gli uno o pi? veicoli sono presenti in una concentrazione in peso, valutata rispetto al peso complessivo dell?inchiostro, superiore a 30%. The one or more? vehicles are present in a concentration by weight, evaluated with respect to the overall weight of the ink, greater than 30%.
Preferibilmente, gli uno o pi? veicoli sono presenti in una concentrazione in peso, valutata rispetto al peso complessivo dell?inchiostro, superiore a 45%. Preferably, one or more? vehicles are present in a concentration by weight, evaluated with respect to the overall weight of the ink, greater than 45%.
Inoltre, gli uno o pi? veicoli presentano una viscosit? compresa tra 2 cP (0,002 kg/(m?s)) e 100 cP (0,1 kg/(m?s)), preferibilmente tra 10 cP (0,01 kg/(m?s)) e 30 cP (0,03 kg/(m?s)), misurata ad uno shear rate pari a 100 sec<-1 >e ad una temperatura pari a 25?C. Furthermore, the one or more? vehicles have a viscosity? between 2 cP (0.002 kg/(m?s)) and 100 cP (0.1 kg/(m?s)), preferably between 10 cP (0.01 kg/(m?s)) and 30 cP ( 0.03 kg/(m?s)), measured at a shear rate equal to 100 sec<-1 >and at a temperature equal to 25?C.
Nel dettaglio, gli uno o pi? disperdenti presentano la seguente formula di struttura: In detail, the one or more? Dispersants have the following structural formula:
-[SiOR3R4]n-X-[SiOR5R6]m-in cui X ? scelto dall?elenco comprendente: (CR7R8)p e (SiOR9R10)q; -[SiOR3R4]n-X-[SiOR5R6]m-where X ? chosen from the list including: (CR7R8)p and (SiOR9R10)q;
in cui n, m, p e q sono indipendentemente compresi tra 0 e 400; e where n, m, p and q are independently between 0 and 400; And
R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 e R10 sono indipendentemente scelti tra: gruppo idrossile, catene alchiliche lineari, catene alifatiche lineari, catene alifatiche cicliche, gruppo cicloalchilico lineare, gruppo cicloalchilico ramificato, gruppo arilico lineare, gruppo arilico ramificato, gruppo etere, gruppo polietere, gruppo estere, gruppo poliestere, gruppo vinilico, gruppo polivinilico, gruppo stirenico, gruppo polistirenico, gruppo alcossi, gruppo arilossi, gruppo glicolico, gruppo poliglicoli, gruppo glucidico, idrogeno, gruppo amminico, gruppo ammidico, gruppo poliammidico, catene alifatiche lineari o ramificate contenenti silicio, idrogeno, gruppo acrilico, gruppo poliacrilico, gruppo poliuretanico, gruppo polieterammine, gruppo fosfoestere. R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 are independently selected from: hydroxyl group, linear alkyl chains, linear aliphatic chains, cyclic aliphatic chains, linear cycloalkyl group, branched cycloalkyl group, linear aryl group, branched aryl group , ether group, polyether group, ester group, polyester group, vinyl group, polyvinyl group, styrenic group, polystyrene group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, glycol group, polyglycol group, carbohydrate group, hydrogen, amine group, amide group, polyamide group , linear or branched aliphatic chains containing silicon, hydrogen, acrylic group, polyacrylic group, polyurethane group, polyetheramine group, phosphoester group.
Nel dettaglio, gli uno o pi? disperdenti sono solubili negli uno o pi? veicoli. In detail, the one or more? dispersants are soluble in one or more vehicles.
Vantaggiosamente, gli uno o pi? disperdenti sono presenti in una concentrazione in peso, valutata rispetto al peso complessivo dell?inchiostro, compresa tra 1% e 20%, preferibilmente fra 3% e 12%. Ulteriormente, gli uno o pi? disperdenti presentano una viscosit? compresa tra 6 cP (0,006 kg/(m?s)) e 90.000 cP (90 kg/(m?s)), preferibilmente tra 10 cP (0,01 kg/(m?s)) e 5.000 cP (5 kg/(m?s)), misurata ad uno shear rate pari a 100 sec<-1 >e ad una temperatura pari a 25?C. Advantageously, the one or more? dispersants are present in a concentration by weight, evaluated with respect to the overall weight of the ink, between 1% and 20%, preferably between 3% and 12%. Furthermore, the one or more? dispersants have a viscosity? between 6 cP (0.006 kg/(m?s)) and 90,000 cP (90 kg/(m?s)), preferably between 10 cP (0.01 kg/(m?s)) and 5,000 cP (5 kg /(m?s)), measured at a shear rate equal to 100 sec<-1 >and at a temperature equal to 25?C.
Preferibilmente, gli uno o pi? disperdenti sono scelti dall?elenco comprendente: Preferably, one or more? dispersants are chosen from the list including:
- idrogeno dimeticone; - hydrogen dimethicone;
- polidimetilsilossano funzionalizzato con gruppi estere ed amminici; - polyglyceryl-3 polydimethylsiloxyethyl dimethicone; - polydimethylsiloxane functionalized with ester and amino groups; - polyglyceryl-3 polydimethylsiloxyethyl dimethicone;
- metilalchilpolisilossano funzionalizzato con gruppi alcossilici; - methylalkylpolysiloxane functionalized with alkoxy groups;
- polidimetilsilossano funzionalizzato con gruppi polieterei; - polydimethylsiloxane functionalized with polyether groups;
- deciltrimetossisilano; - decyltrimethoxysilane;
? doveroso puntualizzare che il disperdente viene chemisorbito o fisisorbito sulla superficie delle particelle di pigmento ceramico o colorante, generando un?azione repulsiva fra le particelle stesse dovuta ad effetti sterici e/o elettrostatici implicati da cariche residue superficiali presenti sui polimeri. ? It is important to point out that the dispersant is chemisorbed or physisorbed on the surface of the ceramic pigment or coloring particles, generating a repulsive action between the particles themselves due to steric and/or electrostatic effects implied by residual surface charges present on the polymers.
Durante il processo di cottura, le molecole organiche abbandonano il manufatto ceramico assieme ai fumi di cottura tramite evaporazione, pirolisi e/o combustione ossidativa. During the firing process, the organic molecules leave the ceramic product together with the firing fumes through evaporation, pyrolysis and/or oxidative combustion.
Al contrario, gli uno o pi? composti organici o inorganici di silicio permangono sulla superficie del manufatto ceramico. On the contrary, one or more organic or inorganic silicon compounds remain on the surface of the ceramic product.
Infatti, gli uno o pi? composti organici o inorganici del silicio, per riscaldamento, formano primariamente ossidi ed eventualmente boruri, carburi e nitruri. In fact, one or more organic or inorganic compounds of silicon, upon heating, primarily form oxides and possibly borides, carbides and nitrides.
? doveroso enfatizzare come la presenza dei suddetti composti organici o inorganici del silicio non espleti alcun effetto negativo relativamente alle propriet? tecnologiche ed estetiche dei manufatti ceramici quali la resistenza agli attacchi chimici, sporcabilit?, tono del colore della decorazione e brillantezza della superficie. ? It is important to emphasize that the presence of the aforementioned organic or inorganic compounds of silicon does not have any negative effect on the properties of silicon. technological and aesthetic aspects of ceramic products such as resistance to chemical attacks, dirtability, color tone of the decoration and surface brilliance.
Inoltre, l?inchiostro comprende uno o pi? additivi scelti dall?elenco comprendente: modificatori di reologia, surfactanti, modificatori di tensione superficiale, agenti antischiuma, promotori di adesione, agenti antibatterici, conservanti o loro miscele. Furthermore, the ink includes one or more additives chosen from the list including: rheology modifiers, surfactants, surface tension modifiers, anti-foaming agents, adhesion promoters, antibacterial agents, preservatives or mixtures thereof.
? preferibile che la concentrazione complessiva in peso degli uno o pi? additivi, valutata rispetto al peso complessivo dell?inchiostro, sia inferiore al 10%. ? preferable that the overall concentration by weight of one or more? additives, evaluated with respect to the overall weight of the ink, is less than 10%.
Preferibilmente, la concentrazione complessiva in peso degli uno o pi? additivi ? inferiore al 5%. Preferably, the overall concentration by weight of the one or more? additives? less than 5%.
Nel contesto dell?invenzione, l?espressione ?uno o pi? additivi? indica che l?inchiostro comprende una pluralit? di additivi, sia appartenenti alla medesima tipologia chimica (ad esempio, pi? polimeri acrilici che possono presentare diverso peso molecolare), sia appartenenti a tipologie chimiche diverse (ad esempio polimeri acrilici e polimeri polimminici). In the context of the invention, the expression ?one or more? additives? indicates that the ink includes a plurality? of additives, both belonging to the same chemical type (for example, several acrylic polymers which may have different molecular weights), and belonging to different chemical types (for example acrylic polymers and polyimine polymers).
Nel dettaglio, i modificatori di reologia sono almeno parzialmente solubili o disperdibili negli uno o pi? veicoli o nella miscela di veicoli e disperdenti. In detail, the rheology modifiers are at least partially soluble or dispersible in one or more vehicles or in the mixture of vehicles and dispersants.
Preferibilmente, i modificatori di reologia sono a base degli uno o pi? composti organici o inorganici del silicio sopra descritti e alla cui descrizione di dettaglio si rimanda integralmente. Preferably, the rheology modifiers are based on one or more organic or inorganic compounds of silicon described above and to which please refer in full to the detailed description.
Ulteriormente, i modificatori di reologia possono presentare densit? differenti rispetto agli uno o pi? veicoli. Additionally, rheology modifiers can have higher density different than the one or more? vehicles.
Ad esempio, i modificatori di reologia possono preferibilmente essere olii siliconici. For example, the rheology modifiers may preferably be silicone oils.
In questo caso, gli uno o pi? modificatori di reologia e gli uno o pi? veicoli formano emulsioni. In this case, one or more? rheology modifiers and one or more? vehicles form emulsions.
A titolo esemplificativo, i modificatori di reologia possono essere scelti dall?elenco comprendente: polimerici acrilici, polimeri stirolo-acrilici, polimeri poliuretanici o loro miscele. By way of example, the rheology modifiers can be chosen from the list including: acrylic polymers, styrene-acrylic polymers, polyurethane polymers or mixtures thereof.
? preferibile che la concentrazione in peso complessiva dei modificatori di reologia, valutata rispetto al peso complessivo dell?inchiostro sia inferiore a 5%. ? It is preferable that the overall weight concentration of the rheology modifiers, evaluated with respect to the overall weight of the ink, is less than 5%.
Inoltre, i surfactanti possono preferibilmente essere di tipo ionico, non ionico o zwitterionico. Furthermore, the surfactants can preferably be of the ionic, non-ionic or zwitterionic type.
Ulteriormente, non si esclude che l?inchiostro in accordo con il presente trovato possa comprendere agenti antischiuma, promotori di adesione, agenti antibatterici, o conservanti. Furthermore, it is not excluded that the ink according to the present invention may include anti-foaming agents, adhesion promoters, antibacterial agents, or preservatives.
Gli agenti antischiuma, quando presenti nell?inchiostro, presentano una concentrazione in peso, valutata rispetto al peso complessivo dell?inchiostro, compresa tra 0.05% e 1%. Antifoaming agents, when present in the ink, have a concentration by weight, evaluated with respect to the overall weight of the ink, between 0.05% and 1%.
A titolo esemplificativo, gli agenti antischiuma sono del tipo di composti siliconici comprendenti olio siliconico. By way of example, antifoaming agents are of the type of silicone compounds comprising silicone oil.
Similmente, i promotori di adesione, quando presenti nell?inchiostro, presentano una concentrazione in peso, valutata rispetto al peso complessivo dell?inchiostro, compresa tra 0.05% e 2%. Similarly, adhesion promoters, when present in the ink, have a weight concentration, evaluated with respect to the overall weight of the ink, between 0.05% and 2%.
A titolo esemplificativo, i promotori di adesione sono scelti dall?elenco comprendente: wollastonite (CaSiO3), silice amorfa (ottenuta ad esempio per precipitazione, processi sol-gel o pirogenesi), composti organici a base di titanio, zirconio o alluminio eventualmente funzionalizzati con gruppi metossi, etossi legati al metallo e siliconi colloidali. By way of example, the adhesion promoters are chosen from the list including: wollastonite (CaSiO3), amorphous silica (obtained for example by precipitation, sol-gel processes or pyrogenesis), organic compounds based on titanium, zirconium or aluminum possibly functionalized with methoxy groups, ethoxy groups linked to the metal and colloidal silicones.
Ulteriormente, i conservanti e gli agenti antibatterici, quando presenti nell?inchiostro, presentano una concentrazione in peso, valutata rispetto al peso complessivo dell?inchiostro, compresa tra 0.05% e 1%. Furthermore, preservatives and antibacterial agents, when present in the ink, have a weight concentration, evaluated with respect to the overall weight of the ink, between 0.05% and 1%.
Ulteriormente, gli agenti antibatterici o conservanti sono scelti dall?elenco comprendente: benzoisotiazolinone (EINICS no. 220-120-9) e (5-cloro-2-metil-2H-isotiazol-3-one [EINICS no. 247-500-7] 2-metil-2H-isotiazol-3-one (EINICS no. 220-239-6), triazina, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, acido benzoico e relativi esteri, rilasciatori di formaldeide quali imidazolidinyl urea (CAS 39236-46-9). Additionally, the antibacterial or preservative agents are selected from the list including: benzoisothiazolinone (EINICS no. 220-120-9) and (5-chloro-2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one [EINICS no. 247-500- 7] 2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one (EINICS no. 220-239-6), triazine, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, benzoic acid and its esters, formaldehyde releasers such as imidazolidinyl urea (CAS 39236-46-9).
L?inchiostro in accordo con il presente trovato presenta caratteristiche chimico-fisiche e reologiche ben definite, che ne permettono l?applicazione mediante stampa a digitale su manufatti ceramici. The ink according to the present invention has well-defined chemical-physical and rheological characteristics, which allow it to be applied by digital printing on ceramic articles.
In particolare, l?inchiostro presenta un valore di tensione superficiale dinamica compreso tra 20 mN/m e 40 mN/m, in cui la tensione superficiale dinamica ? misurata a 25?C. In particular, the ink has a dynamic surface tension value between 20 mN/m and 40 mN/m, in which the dynamic surface tension is ? measured at 25?C.
? doveroso sottolineare, inoltre, che gli uno o pi? composti organici del silicio per riscaldamento si decompongono o reticolano mediante interazione tra questi ultimi e il materiale ceramico sul quale l?inchiostro ? stato applicato formando composti inodore. ? It is also necessary to underline that one or more When heated, organic compounds of silicon decompose or cross-link through interaction between the latter and the ceramic material on which the ink is placed. been applied forming odorless compounds.
Nel dettaglio, in un secondo aspetto il presente trovato riguarda un metodo per la fabbricazione di un manufatto ceramico comprendente le seguenti fasi: In detail, in a second aspect the present invention concerns a method for the manufacture of a ceramic article comprising the following phases:
- predisporre un semilavorato ceramico; - prepare a semi-finished ceramic product;
- stampare l?inchiostro in accordo con la presente invenzione su di una superficie del semilavorato ceramico; - printing the ink in accordance with the present invention on a surface of the ceramic semi-finished product;
- trattare termicamente il semilavorato ceramico ad una temperatura superiore a 200?C per ottenere il manufatto ceramico; - heat treat the ceramic semi-finished product at a temperature higher than 200°C to obtain the ceramic product;
in cui il manufatto ceramico produce un?emissione odorigena inferiore a 1000 OUE/m<3 >e/o un?emissione in atmosfera di carbonio organico totale (COT) inferiore a 50 mg/Nm<3 >e/o in cui gli uno o pi? composti organici o inorganici di silicio formano superficialmente al manufatto ceramico almeno un composto inodore scelto dall?elenco comprendente: SiOx, SiCx, SiCxOy, SiNx, SiNxOy, SiBx, SiBxOy, in cui x e y sono compresi tra 0 e 6. in which the ceramic product produces an odorous emission lower than 1000 OUE/m<3 >and/or an emission into the atmosphere of total organic carbon (TOC) lower than 50 mg/Nm<3 >and/or in which one or more? organic or inorganic silicon compounds form on the surface of the ceramic article at least one odorless compound chosen from the list including: SiOx, SiCx, SiCxOy, SiNx, SiNxOy, SiBx, SiBxOy, in which x and y are between 0 and 6.
Nel dettaglio, la suddetta emissione odorigena ? valutata in riferimento al deposito, mediante una stampante a getto d?inchiostro, di 25 g/m<2 >di inchiostro su un manufatto ceramico planare crudo ed engobbiato. In detail, the aforementioned odorous emission? evaluated in reference to the deposition, using an inkjet printer, of 25 g/m<2 >of ink on a raw and engobed planar ceramic artefact.
In particolare, quando negli uno o pi? veicoli e/o negli uno o pi? disperdenti sono presenti molecole contenenti limitatamente Si e H, il trattamento termico pu? portare alla formazione di SiOx in cui x ? compreso tra 1 e 2. In particular, when in one or more vehicles and/or in one or more? dispersants are present molecules containing limited Si and H, the heat treatment can? lead to the formation of SiOx in which x ? between 1 and 2.
Ulteriormente, quando negli uno o pi? veicoli e/o negli uno o pi? disperdenti sono presenti molecole contenenti solo Si e C, il trattamento termico pu? portare alla formazione di SiOx, SiCx, SiCxOY in cui x e y sono compresi tra 0 e 2. Furthermore, when in one or more? vehicles and/or in one or more? dispersants are present molecules containing only Si and C, the heat treatment can? lead to the formation of SiOx, SiCx, SiCxOY where x and y are between 0 and 2.
Ancora, negli uno o pi? veicoli e/o negli uno o pi? disperdenti sono presenti molecole contenenti solo Si e N, il trattamento termico porta alla formazione di SiOx, SiNx, SiNxOy in cui x e y sono compresi tra 0 e 6. Infine, negli uno o pi? veicoli e/o negli uno o pi? disperdenti sono presenti molecole contenenti solo Si e B, il trattamento termico pu? portare alla formazione di SiOx, SiBX, SiBXOY in cui x e y sono compresi tra 0 e 6. La formazione dei suddetti composti ? dovuta al fatto che la decorazione su manufatti ceramici prevede sempre un processo termico di ?cottura?. Again, in one or more? vehicles and/or in one or more? dispersants there are molecules containing only Si and N, the thermal treatment leads to the formation of SiOx, SiNx, SiNxOy in which x and y are between 0 and 6. Finally, in the one or more? vehicles and/or in one or more? dispersants are present molecules containing only Si and B, the heat treatment can? lead to the formation of SiOx, SiBX, SiBXOY in which x and y are between 0 and 6. The formation of the aforementioned compounds? due to the fact that decoration on ceramic artefacts always involves a thermal "firing" process.
Pertanto, il fatto di ridurre il contenuto di molecole organiche a base di carbonio presenti nell?inchiostro per la decorazione grafica, sostituendone una parte con uno o pi? composti a base di silicio permette di limitare notevolmente la quantit? di sostanze organiche a base di carbonio emessa a camino. Therefore, the fact of reducing the content of carbon-based organic molecules present in the ink for graphic decoration, replacing a part with one or more? silicon-based compounds allows you to significantly limit the quantity? of carbon-based organic substances emitted from the chimney.
A questo proposito, ? doveroso specificare che l?inchiostro in accordo con la presente invenzione consente di ridurre le emissioni inquinanti derivanti dall?ossidazione dei solventi organici durante la cottura dei manufatti ceramici. About this, ? It is important to specify that the ink in accordance with the present invention allows the reduction of polluting emissions resulting from the oxidation of organic solvents during the firing of ceramic products.
In altre parole, il particolare accorgimento di prevedere un inchiostro presentante la sostituzione di circa il 50% delle componenti organiche con composti a base di silicio consente di ridurre di un valore compreso tra 10% e 60% l?emissione di prodotti combusti o semi-combusti a base di carbonio. In other words, the particular measure of providing an ink featuring the replacement of approximately 50% of the organic components with silicon-based compounds allows the emission of combusted or semi-burnt products to be reduced by a value between 10% and 60%. carbon-based fuels.
Ulteriormente, ? sensibilmente abbattuta l?emissione, in fase di cottura della ceramica, di prodotti di combustione a bassa soglia olfattiva. Further, ? the emission of combustion products with a low olfactory threshold during the ceramic firing phase has been significantly reduced.
A questo proposito, ? doveroso sottolineare come l?impiego dell?inchiostro in accordo con la presente trattazione garantisce l?emissione in atmosfera di carbonio organico totale (COT) inferiore a 50 mg/Nm<3>. About this, ? It is important to underline how the use of ink in accordance with this discussion guarantees the emission of total organic carbon (TOC) into the atmosphere of less than 50 mg/Nm<3>.
Si specifica che tali emissioni sono state quantificate direttamente a camino mediante tecnologica FID (flame ionization detector), in accordo con la norma UNI EN 13725:2004, e sulla base dell?applicazione di 25 g/m<2 >di inchiostro in accordo con la presente invenzione, previa taratura dello strumento con sostanze a base di composti di silicio. ? noto, infatti, che la taratura con idrocarburi lineari porti ad una sovrastima della concentrazione del carbonio organico totale quando vengono misurati composti a base di silicio. It is specified that these emissions were quantified directly at the chimney using FID (flame ionization detector) technology, in accordance with the UNI EN 13725:2004 standard, and on the basis of the application of 25 g/m<2> of ink in accordance with the present invention, after calibrating the instrument with substances based on silicon compounds. ? It is known, in fact, that calibration with linear hydrocarbons leads to an overestimation of the concentration of total organic carbon when silicon-based compounds are measured.
Inoltre, la presente invenzione riguarda l?uso dell?inchiostro secondo il presente trovato per decorare un manufatto ceramico mediante stampa a getto di inchiostro, preferibilmente stampa digitale. Furthermore, the present invention concerns the use of ink according to the present invention to decorate a ceramic article by inkjet printing, preferably digital printing.
Preferibilmente, il manufatto ceramico ? selezionato dal gruppo comprendente: piastrelle ceramiche, elementi di arredo, stoviglierie, ceramiche sanitarie e ceramiche tecniche. Preferably, the ceramic artefact? selected from the group including: ceramic tiles, furnishing elements, tableware, sanitary ceramics and technical ceramics.
Nel dettaglio, le piastrelle possono essere ad esempio piastrelle crude, piastrelle cotte, in gres, gres porcellanato, ceramica monoporosa, bicottura, klinker, terzo fuoco e quarto fuoco. In detail, the tiles can be for example raw tiles, cooked tiles, stoneware, porcelain stoneware, single-porous ceramic, double-fired, clinker, third fire and fourth fire.
La stoviglieria, a sua volta, pu? essere stoviglieria cruda e stoviglieria cotta e comprende articoli di uso domestico o di arredo. The tableware, in turn, can be raw tableware and cooked tableware and includes household or furnishing items.
Le ceramiche sanitarie comprendono ad esempio sanitari, lavandini e lavelli, lavatoi, piatti doccia. Sanitary ceramics include, for example, sanitary fixtures, sinks and washbasins, sinks and shower trays.
Parallelamente, si specifica che con l?espressione ?ceramiche tecniche? si fa riferimento a materiali utilizzati per la realizzazione di componenti per il settore meccanico o biomedicale. At the same time, it is specified that with the expression ?technical ceramics? we refer to materials used for the production of components for the mechanical or biomedical sector.
L?inchiostro viene riscaldato per irraggiamento con radiazione elettromagnetica IR, UV o NIR o per trattamento termico a temperature superiori a 200?C, e gli uno o pi? composti organici del silicio, reticolando o decomponendosi, determinano emissioni di composti organici totali (COT) inferiori a 50 mg/Nm<3>. The ink is heated by irradiation with IR, UV or NIR electromagnetic radiation or by heat treatment at temperatures above 200?C, and the one or more? organic compounds of silicon, by cross-linking or decomposing, cause emissions of total organic compounds (TOC) lower than 50 mg/Nm<3>.
Si specifica che le caratteristiche di forme di realizzazione descritte in riferimento ad un aspetto del presente trovato sono da intendersi valide anche in merito agli altri aspetti dell?invenzione qui descritti, anche se non esplicitamente ripetute. It is specified that the characteristics of embodiments described in reference to an aspect of the present invention are to be considered valid also with regard to the other aspects of the invention described here, even if not explicitly repeated.
FORMULAZIONE INCHIOSTRO 1 INK FORMULATION 1
FORMULAZIONE INCHIOSTRO 2 INK FORMULATION 2
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT102022000000488A IT202200000488A1 (en) | 2022-01-13 | 2022-01-13 | VEHICLE FOR DIGITAL CERAMIC INKS |
| PCT/IB2023/050322 WO2023135568A1 (en) | 2022-01-13 | 2023-01-13 | Vehicle for digital ceramic inks |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT102022000000488A IT202200000488A1 (en) | 2022-01-13 | 2022-01-13 | VEHICLE FOR DIGITAL CERAMIC INKS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| IT202200000488A1 true IT202200000488A1 (en) | 2023-07-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT102022000000488A IT202200000488A1 (en) | 2022-01-13 | 2022-01-13 | VEHICLE FOR DIGITAL CERAMIC INKS |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
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| IT (1) | IT202200000488A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023135568A1 (en) |
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| WO2023135568A1 (en) | 2023-07-20 |
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