IT202100013550A1 - BEAM FOR SELF-SUPPORTING STRUCTURES - Google Patents

Description

Description of the invention entitled:

"BEAM FOR SELF-SUPPORTING STRUCTURES"

FIELD OF APPLICATION

The present invention relates to a beam for making self-supporting structures, in particular for making bridges. This beam? in particular a self-supporting beam in steel or mixed steel-concrete.

The invention also refers to a self-supporting structure, in particular for building bridges, provided with one or more? of these beams. The self-supporting structures which can be created using the present beam are used in particular for the construction of pedestrian or road bridges with a medium-long span, i.e. from about 10 m to about 22 m.

STATE OF THE ART

In the construction of structures such as pedestrian or road bridges? it is known to use constituent elements, such as bridge slabs and beams, which are produced separately and subsequently installed in the construction site where the structure is laid.

This solution which provides for the separate use of bridge beams and slabs, while guaranteeing satisfactory performance of the deck which will give life to the bridge structure, makes shipbuilding operations onerous and excessively extended over time. The elements that make up the bridge are in fact unrelated to each other and are joined together only after the concrete has been poured.

Alternatively, are there technologies for building bridges ?with prefabricated trunks? which, however, are not applicable in complex situations, for example if the construction site? characterized by limited operating spaces, or are inconvenient from an economic point of view, for example in the case of construction of structures of limited dimensions that do not justify the fixed costs of construction site.

The beams for known self-supporting structures for bridges, therefore, are structurally complex, bulky and make inspection of the constructed structure rather difficult. Known beams also have a considerable weight, mainly due to the weight of the concrete which is cast to complete the structure.

Is there therefore a need? to perfect a beam for self-supporting structures which can overcome at least one of the drawbacks of the technique.

In particular, an object of the present invention ? that of realizing a beam for self-supporting structures, in particular for the construction of bridges, which is compact and structurally simple with respect to the beams for bridges known in the sector.

Another object of the present invention ? the construction of a beam for self-supporting structures that arrives on site equipped with all the structural elements necessary for its installation, therefore requires much more installation operations? faster and easier than known beams in the industry.

Another object of the present invention ? the creation of a beam for self-supporting structures that allows you to save significant amounts? of concrete for the casting and therefore to significantly reduce the weight of the bridge structure created using this beam.

Another object of the present invention ? the construction of a self-supporting structure, in particular for the construction of bridges, which uses one or more? beams and is characterized by simplicity? construction, lightness and compactness.

To obviate the drawbacks of the prior art and to obtain these and further objects and advantages, the Applicant has studied, tested and implemented the present invention.

DISCOVERY DISPLAY

The present found ? expressed and characterized in the independent claims. The dependent claims disclose other characteristics of the present invention or variants of the idea of the main solution.

In accordance with the aforementioned purposes and according to the present invention, a beam for self-supporting structures comprises a base plate surmounted by a plurality of of reinforcement trellises and at least one lightening element provided with a box-shaped body in which ? an empty chamber is formed which substantially extends along the entire length of this box-like body.

Advantageously, the present beam ? compact, structurally simple compared to the known beams and, thanks to the? at least one element of lightening of which ? equipped, it allows to obtain a self-supporting structure with a decidedly lower weight than structures made using known beams. The self-supporting structures made using one or more? properly connected beams can weigh up to 40% less than traditional structures. This ? mainly due to the large quantities? of concrete that are saved during casting, since the internal chamber all? lightening element is not filled with concrete.

This beam also arrives at the construction site already? equipped with all the structural elements necessary for its installation, i.e. the plate, the trellises and the lightening element, therefore it requires much more installation operations. faster and easier than known beams in the industry. Furthermore, the chamber obtained inside the lightening element can be used for the installation of monitoring systems of the built structure, for inspections or other.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the lightening element can extend substantially along the entire length of the beam.

These pylons can be directed along the same direction and this lightening element can be directed parallel to such pylons.

This lightening element can? also be placed between a pair of trusses.

This pair of trusses can be connected by another trellis that surmounts the lightening element.

This lightening element can? comprising a lower opening positioned at said tray, a pair of opposite side walls and an upper wall opposite said lower opening. Furthermore, this element of lightening can? include a pair of connecting strips with this plate and positioned at the ends? of such lateral walls facing such plate.

This lightening element can? have a trapezoidal shape in cross section.

This beam can further comprising at least one spacer positioned between this upper wall of the lightening element and this further lattice.

Another object of the present invention ? a bridge structure comprising a beam as defined above or a plurality? of beams as defined above arranged side by side and mutually connected along joint lines.

ILLUSTRATION OF THE DESIGNS

These and other aspects, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become clear from the following description of embodiments, provided by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

- fig. 1 ? an axonometric view of a self-supporting structure formed by a plurality? of beams according to the present invention;

- fig. 2 ? a side view of the present self-supporting structure;

- fig. 3 ? a front view of the present self-supporting structure;

- fig. 4 ? a front view of a lightening element.

For ease of understanding, identical reference numerals have been used wherever possible to identify identical commonalities in the figures. It should be understood that elements and features of one embodiment may be conveniently combined or incorporated into other embodiments without further specification.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Will it be done? now reference in detail to the possible embodiments of the invention, of which one or more? examples are illustrated in the attached figures by way of non-limiting example. Even the phraseology and terminology used here? for non-limiting example purposes.

With reference to the attached drawings, in fig. 1 ? illustrated is a self-supporting structure 22 according to the present invention, in particular for the construction of bridges, formed by a plurality of beams 10 placed side by side and mutually connected along joint lines 23. These joint lines 23 can be directed according to a longitudinal direction L of the self-supporting structure 22.

The reciprocal connection between the beams 10 along these joint lines 23 can be carried out by welding or removable fixing means such as bolted plates or other.

In the example illustrated in fig. 1, yes ? assumed a self-supporting structure 22 with a width equal to the sum of the widths W of each individual beam 10. Alternatively, it would be possible to envisage that the self-supporting structure 22 also comprises only a single beam 10, in the case the self-supporting structure 22 to be constructed requires a width substantially equal to the width W.

The self-supporting structure 22 can be realized by adopting a static, isostatic or hyperstatic scheme.

The beam 10 comprises a base plate 11 surmounted by a plurality of of reinforcement trestles 12 and at least one lightening element 13 provided with a box-shaped body 14 in which ? an empty chamber 15 is obtained which extends substantially along the entire length of this box-like body 14.

This lightening element 13 pu? extend substantially along the entire length of the beam 10.

In the chamber 15, during the completion casting of the self-supporting structure 22, one or more? beams 10, the concrete is not inserted during and therefore it is possible to obtain a considerable lightening of the beam 10 and ultimately a considerable lightening of the self-supporting structure 22. Furthermore, this chamber 15 can? be used to insert plants or systems for monitoring the conservation of the self-supporting structure 22 over time. That room 15? also easily accessible and inspectable.

This lightening element 13 pu? extend substantially along the entire length of the beam 10, thus allowing, by means of the chamber 15 of which ? provided, to obtain a significant empty volume and not occupied by the concrete.

These lattices 12 can be directed along the same direction L, see for example fig. 1 fig. 2, and this lightening element 13 can? be directed parallel to this trellis 12. This lightening element 13 can? be positioned between a pair of pylons 12. This pair of pylons 12 can? also be connected by a further trellis 16 which surmounts the lightening element 13 positioned between this pair of trellises 12.

How can you? observe in fig. 3, the trestles 12 located at the sides of the lightening element 13 can be directed in a substantially vertical direction, while the further trestle 16 placed to connect this pair of trestles 12 can be directed in a substantially vertical direction. be directed in a substantially horizontal direction.

Furthermore, the beams 10 of the self-supporting structure 22 can be positioned with a regular pitch X with respect to a transversal direction B of the beam, so as to give the structure greater balance.

In fig. 4 ? illustrated a lightening element 13 that pu? comprise a lower opening 17 configured to position itself in correspondence with this plate 11, a pair of opposite side walls 18 and an upper wall 19, opposite to this lower opening 17. Substantially therefore, the upper surface of the plate 11 represents the closing side bottom of the chamber 15 of the lightening element 13.

This lightening element 13 pu? furthermore comprise a pair of strips 20 for connection with this plate 11, positioned at the ends? of these side walls 18 facing this plate 11.

These strips 20 can therefore be obtained along the entire extension of this lightening element 13 and can be connected to this plate 11 by welding or other connection system.

This lightening element 13 pu? have a trapezoidal cross-section. The trapezoidal shape allows a more? effective reduction of the stresses on the beam 10, however ? It is possible to use lightening elements 13 also of other cross sections, for example square or rectangular.

In particular, the major base of the trapezium defined by the cross section ? represented by the lower opening 17 positioned on the plate 11, while the smaller base ? defined by the upper wall 19. Preferably, this trapezoid is an isosceles trapezoid, so the side walls 18 are congruent.

This beam 10 can? furthermore comprise at least one spacer 21 positioned between this upper wall 19 and this further trellis 16, so substantially as to be able to vary the height of the beam 10, by varying the distance between this further trellis 16 and this lightening element 13. How can ? observe in f?g. 1, each of the lightening elements 13 of the self-supporting structure 22 can understand a plurality of spacers 21 placed in sequence along the upper wall 19.

This lightening element 13 pu? be made of metallic material, such as steel or the like, or of plastic material. In the case of construction in metallic material, this lightening element can be made by shaping a profile and then connected to the plate 11 by welding or other fastening system, for example by welding the aforementioned strips 20.

In the case of embodiment in plastic material, this lightening element 13 can be obtained by extrusion or otherwise.

The beam 10 illustrated by way of example comprises a single lightening element 13, however it would be possible to provide, for example according to the width W of the beam 10, a plate 11 provided with several? lightening elements 13 placed side by side and/or alternating with the pylons 12.

It is clear that modifications and/or additions of parts can be made to the beam 10 for self-supporting structures described up to now, without thereby departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the claims.

In the claims that follow, the references in brackets have the sole purpose of facilitating the reading and must not be considered as limiting factors as regards the scope of protection implied in the specific claims.

Claims (10)

1. Beam (10) for self-supporting structures, characterized in that it comprises a base plate (11) surmounted by a plurality of of reinforcement trellises (12) and at least one lightening element (13) provided with a box-shaped body (14) in which ? an empty chamber (15) is obtained which extends substantially along the entire length of said box-like body (14). 2. Beam (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said lightening element (13) substantially extends along the entire length of the beam (10). 3. Beam (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said trusses (12) are directed along the same direction (L) and said lightening element (13) ? directed parallel to said pylons (12). 4. Beam (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said lightening element (13) is? positioned between a pair of trusses (12). 5. Beam (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that said pair of trusses (12) ? connected by a further trellis (16) which surmounts said lightening element (13). 6. Beam (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said lightening element (13) comprises a lower opening (17) positioned in correspondence with said plate (11), a pair of side walls (18) opposite and an upper wall (19) opposite said lower opening (17). 7. Beam (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that said lightening element (13) comprises a pair of strips (20) for connection with said plate (11) and positioned at the ends? of said side walls (18) facing said plate (11). 8. Beam (10) according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that it comprises at least one spacer (21) positioned between said upper wall (19) of the lightening element (13) and said further lattice (16). 9. Beam (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said lightening element (13) has a trapezoidal shape in cross section. 10. Self-supporting structure (22), comprising one or more? beams (10) according to any one of the preceding claims arranged side by side and mutually connected along joint lines (23).