IL37760A - Process of preparing animal feed and the feed prepared by said process - Google Patents

Description

PROCESS OP PREPARING AUIMAX PEED AND THE PEED PREPARED BY SAID PROCESS . . .

The serious problems associated with the disposal of certain organic wastes has lately beenccomplicated by attempts to control or eliminate any environmental pollution caused by the accumulation or disposal of those organic wastes .Cotton ^ia trash, for example is generally destroyed by on site burning because of the danger of spreading the eggs, larvae and/or adults of certain cotton damaging insects or disease causing organisms. The use of sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid as hydrolysis agents is well known, but their use has serious disadvantages as those acids add little o nutritional value and must be removed or neutralized before the base material cans serve as or in an animal feed.

U.S. Patent Bio. 1,718,297 discloses a process of making a fertilizer by treating a material high in casein, such as, easela-containing poultry manure or skim milk precipitate, with an acid and drying the admixture to dryness. The acid can be a mineral or inorganic acid, but the acid salty acid sodium sulfate is preferred, the patent:, does not teach that the resultant fertilizer has animal nutrient value or that the fertilizer can be eaten by animals. Furthermore, that patent does not teach the use of pH of 4 or less which is essential to eliminate any pathogens or insects so that the admixture can bo consumed by animals. In fact if a substantial excess of acid reagent was added, after the admixture has been partially dried (the admixture being then in granular form), & neutralizing (alkaline) agent is added for the excess acid and the product is completely dried (see page 2, col. , 1, lines 29 to 35). So that patent specifically teaches a nearly neutral product and does not teach that the neutral product has thsac phosphorus is in a form that can be safely consumed by animals and has nutritional value. This is shown by the statement on page 2, col. 1, lines 49 to 51, that when the product dried/is cooled a further chemical reaction takes place.

The entire tenor of the patent is aimed at increasing the nitrogen content of the fertilizer.

U.S. Patent No. 3,050,383 teaches making a granular fertilizer by adding an ammoniacal solution and sulfuric or phosphoric acid to organic waste fertilizer material, and then granulating and recovering the fertilizer product. The admixing and granulating is normally done at temperatures between 190° and 290<>F. At col., 1, lines 11 to 12, the patent states that it upgrades the plant nutrient value of the organic waste fertilizer material. The patent does not disclose that the animal nutrient value is increased or that the phosphorus is in a form with the ammonia present that can be used by animals. Also, the presence of the ammonia means that the pH is not low enough to kill any pathogens or insects as a i of 4 or lower is needed.

U.S. Patent Mo. 517,661 discloses preparing a fertilizer by treating refuse animal or vegetable matter with substantially pure phosphate of alumin^a. The phosphate contains 30 to 40 percent alumin^a and iron oxide. The phosphate contains insoluble phosphoric acid. U.S. Patent Ho. 517,662 claims method the &e^of preparing the fertilizer claimed in the above patent. Neithe /the patents discloses the use of phosphoric acid or that the pH must be highly acidic for animal consumption.

U.S. Patent Ho. 1,420,596 discloses treating chicken Manure or other organic base material containing water and ammonia with acid phosphate, and treating the admixture with an alkaline earth metal carbonate which exothermically reacts with the acid phosphate, and driving off the water. Preferably, the acid phosphate is prepared from sulphuric acid and tri-calcium phosphate, so that some free sulfuric acid is present which can attack the nitrogenous compounds converting them into sulphates that are not broken up by the heat in thed drying step. The patent does not teach that animals can eat the product and the pH of the product is not strongly acidic as the acid phosphate has been reacted with a carbonate. U.S. product Slaving a S of ¾ or lose.

B® patent Hoi 3*301,681 discloses a method for preparing a dry, free-flowing food supplement rich in protein comprising hydrolysing animal by-products with. phosphoric acid at a K of about 1-3 in aqueous solution and at an elevated temperature until the protein reaches about the polypeptide state of hydrolysis, separating and recovering the aqueous protein phase formed during said hydrolysis reducing the water content of said aqueous protein phase, and then intermixing calcium compound therewith.

As defined in that patent "animal by-products" means to include materials as tannery fleshings and hide trim, both green and limed, as well as poultry viscera, trimmings, and the like* It also includes various sea foods such as fish, shell fish, and other proteinaceous sea life.

In contra-distinction thereto the present invention concerns the use of organic wasters including,for instance', fertilizer material and Others as will be set out herein* bolow, which are not included in the starting materials of the said US patent. Moreover, the elevated temperatures to be used in the US patent are much highe (300°F.) while the process according to the present invention can be carried out by using much lower temperature. This and the higher pB distinguish the present invention from the prior state of art.

The present invention involves a process of preparing animal feeds. The process involves treating organic waste with a sufficient amount of a solution of phosphoric acid, so that the resultant admixture has a pH of k or less.

The organic waste and the solution of phosphoric acid are thoroughly admixed whereby a more digestable and nutritional material is formed from the organic waste. The admixing step can generally be conducted at a temperature between about 20 © to about 150©P., although room temperature is preferred. The admixing step can last from a few seconds to many minutes, as the important factor is that the admixing ¾>© tho o gh. Preferably the organic waste contains cellulose and/or lignin as those organic wastes are . readil converted into a concentrated molasses-like or othenriLse easily handled material* .. Such a preferred organic waste is cotton gin trash. x m le of another preferred organic waste is chicken manure. he reaction is .exothermic .and the product does not have to be dried* his invention also includes the resultant animal feed which is an admixture of an organic waste, phosphoric acid and wate r said admixture having a pH of k or less* The use of phosphoric acid as an acidulatin and hydrolysing agent is unique in that it is not necessary to recover the acid from the process due to the fact that the phosphorus so added to the waste material is in itself a valuable feed ingredient. The process is economical, the processing equipment is not elaborate. the ingredients are cheap, and some organic wastes are converted from different form to a concentrated and pumpable molasses-like material. The phosphoric acid converts the organic waste into a more digestible form which can be used as or in an jra¾3 feed* e phosphoric acid acts both as an acidulating agent and a hydrolyzing agent* The phosphoric acid eliminates any pathogens and or insects in the organic waste material* The pH (acidity) of the organic waste material should be made h,0 or lower by the phosphoric acid, to assure the elimination of pathogens or insects, which means enough phosphoric acid should preferred, and a solution hav ng a concentration between 50 and 85 wt. percent is preferred, but the solution can generally have a concentration between 25 and 85 vt. percent.

The phosphoric acid hydrolyzes the cellulose and/or lignin containing organic waste material,' e.g., cotton gin trash, whieh contains fibers, into a more digestible, concentrated and pumpable molasses-like material. The degree of hydrolysis would depend on the amount of acid used and the temperature, pressure and time allowed for the reaction. The mixing of the acid and waste could be done on site or at a mixing station.

Further processing may involve /a. grinder or a reaction tank in order to achieve the complete hydrolysis of cotton gin trash.

The process of this invention can be used to treat organic wastes such as cotton gin trash) animal waste} e.g., poultry litter, and cattle manure; sewage sludge, fish scraps; bone meal; hoof meal; leather scraps; feathers; ^^^^ k°itchen wastes; peat; tobacco stems; cocoa shell; rice hulls; soybean hulls; peanut hull meal; etc. The organic waste caq.be o∑4tec of animal or vegetable origin, and can be animal manure, sewage sludge, ϋο α far organic wastes and industrial organic wastes.

The concentrated acid when added to gin trash, straw (wheat, barley, oats, rice, etc.), stover (corn, milo, etc.), sugar cane bagasse, chicken litter or other waste material, alters tgte surface of the material in such a way as to make the forming of the material into pellets, cubes or blocks possible or easier than if this treatment were not used.

The following examples illustrate the invention. Unless otherwise expressed, the term percent means weight percent when used in Example 1.

The following ingredients were admixed in a conventional cold molasses mixer with a polyethylene liner (phosphoric acid resistant) % 6- Protein. wt. Phosphorus . percent based vt. percent, Amount. on the total based on the Ingredients kilograms ingredients total ingredients Cotton Gin Trash 750 0.25 Phosphoric Acid (75$) 250 5.75 Total Mixture 1000 6.00 The ingredients vere throughly admixed. The resultant mixture had a pH of 3.2, which eliminated any pathogens or insects, and was a digestible, concentrated and pumpable molasses-like material. In animal feed, 100 kilograms of the mixture ¾iiid replace 33 kilograms of dicaldum phosphate and 67 kilograms of molasses.

The following ingredients vere admixed in a conventional cold molasses mixer vith a polyethylene lindr (phosphoric acid resistant) ; Protein, vt. Phosphorus bercent based vt. percent.

Amount on the total based on the Ingredients kilograms ingredients total ingredients Poultry manure 800 24.0 1.0 Phosphoric acid (75$) 200 Total mixture 1000 2 > 5.6 The ingredients vere throughly admixed. The resultant mixture had a pH of 3.8, vhich eliminated any pathogens or insects, and vas a digestible, concentrated and easily handled material. In will animal feeds, 100 kilograms of the mixture :*«KfWx replace 35 kilograms of dicalcum phosphate and 65 kilograms of 38 percent protein cottonseed meal.

Claims (8)

C l a i m s

1. The process of preparing animal feeds hich comprises treating organic waste with a sufficient amount of a solution of phosphoric acid so that the resultant admixture has a pH of 4 or less, and thoroughly admixing said organic waste ands said solution of phosphoric acid, whereby a K8S« digestable, nutritional material is formed from said organic waste.

2. The process of Claim 1 wherein said organic waste is chicken manure.

3. The process of Claim 1 wherein said solution contains about 75 weight percent phosphoric acid.

4. The process of Claim 1 wherein said organic waste contains cellulose and/or lignin and said organic waste is converted into a concentrated molasses-like or easily handled material.

5. The process of Claim 4 wherein said organic waste is cotton gin trash .

6. The process of Claim 1 wherein the said resultant jsexs digestable, nutritional material is formed into pellets, cub&s, of—h¾^ e* a r-i«^ cubes or. locks poss le or easier*.

7. An animal feed which comprises an admixture of an organic waste, phosphoric acid and water, said admixture having a pH or 4 or less.

8. An animal feed of Claim $ wherein said organic waste is cotton gin trash. Agent for Applicant ^ Tel Aviv,