IL116221A - Disposal of solid, liquid and nuclear waste - Google Patents

Description

rm'jnj ,n»^na ,π ^ιη ,y*mn D»3DD n iOfl pi ? ΠΌ>¾> Method of waste disposal from inland, solid, liquid, nuclear WASTE DISPOSAL FROM INLAND Solid, Liquid, Nuclear Many ideas have been developed worldwide with regard to the treatment of waste. Chemical, biochemical plant and factory waste problems have been solved. Solutions were found for these processes as long as they would not take years or even centuries. However, there are many chemicals not considered to be dangerous as long as they are in the open. On the contrary, the moment they are streamed to a body of water or even emitted into the ground they start to pollute the underground drinking water and thereby contaminate the water supply of large populated areas.

Until now, the solution for kitchen, timber and carpentry waste has been incineration. This is the worst solution possible, no better than that of forests carried out in Brazil and anywhere else the world oyer. The practice of burning waste material should be forbidden altogether. Our atmosphere's ozone layer is growing thinner because the chemicals dissipated into the air are oxidizing. It has been proven that oxygen is prone to take part in each process wherever possible. The chemical process releasing CO, C02, Chlor, Fluor, etc., and the thin strata of 03=Ozone allow the oxygen to participate easily in the next chemical processes occurring between those released into the air chemicals and the ozone. By this the ozone, the only defense from the ultraviolet rays of solar radiation, is impaired, and human life as well as wildlife are endangered. 116221/4 The nuclear waste problem is even worse than the one mentioned above. Nuclear waste proves an eternal danger to the surrounding health and life of all; any surplus radiation from plutonium, uranium, etc. influences our health and survival. There is no pardon or exemption; nuclear radiation causes cancer, bums, genetic mutation and other unnamed illnesses.

In the United States and the European countries this nuclear problem is now on the agenda to be solved. As there are now numerous nuclear reactors which have terminated their lifespan and must be closed, the question arises where to find the place to bury the nuclear waste. It cannot be incinerated, it cannot be thrown into the ocean. The solution is to dig a deep cave under the highest mountain in the United States in the farthest place from human and wildlife populations and there the nuclear waste should be concentrated and buried.

It is thought that with the greatest possible care the radiation will no longer be discovered. However, in reality it will not work this way. This remains a question for the future. Let us hope a positive solution will be attained.

The next question here in our small country, Israel, is: Do we also have a high mountain and a faraway wilderness, etc.? Here we do not have enough land to develop further. Anywhere, a hill of waste influences entire human and wildlife populations. In Israel, we live under the "inevitable order" of removing and annihilating our wastes from the land to provide room for future generations to live here.

The most important problem is how to diminsh the damage caused by the fossie energy. the Frenel lens and implements P. CM. 126221/4 The disadvantage of any waste is the smell of the chemical decomposition, the human labor on the waste, the toxication of the air water and land, the solution is, the computerized robot for erecting facilities on land on the sea and space As each kind of waste should be treated differently — which is the case, JT example, in Hiriya, where garbage, kitchen waste, building remnants and factory waste are stored — the approach to this waste problem should be considered as follows: A) The matter of the hill is dismantled by extravacation and transmittors blown into a pipe by a forcible wind blower for a long distance: the heavier elements fall to the bottom of the pipe first. Continuing the transmission by wind the material is mechanically separated by two forces: a) gravitation, b) kinetic, for each distance of the pipe. The material is gathered. Each aggregate has to be separated and treated separately.

B) In the case of fresh kiichen waste, it should be dehydrated first, changed into fertilizer or transferred to a closed place to form humus.

The dehydration is performing itself in a closed container ·' heated with s\inrays concentrated through a Fresnel lens. The closed place where the kitchen waste changes into hunr * or fertilizer is a big store in the midst of a sea building: The dehydrated kitchen or other orgamc waste is transferred by the wind in a pipe to the building in the sea and stored in the basement, or free under the sun above sea level in the building at sea.

In both cases, further supply of energy and light is dealt with the Fresnel Lens and '$¾C.M implement.

C. Liquid petrochemical waste or poisonous remnants from factories which could be treated after a prolonged time in the open should be stored in a special building in the sea, the waste should be transferred to the store from the factories or plants by pipes with pups and vents.

D. The nuclear problem us the most difficult to solve, the canon demands a period of 250.0 x 103 years to cover the nuclear waste, this is a nearly impossible task, the idea in this patent is to fill out the cellar of the basement in the midst of the sea with plumbum up to the brim, whenever the plutonium or other rods have to be buried forever, a boring should be drilled in the proper diameter to the middle of the plumbum masss, the rod put in and covered from above with plumbum, plWmbum is the only known element which absorbs x-rays which are "anti-matter" and most dangerous to life, when the nuclear rod is surrounded from all sides with a thick mass of plumbum, the x-rays are hindered from appearing outside the mass for thousands of years, if less dangerous elements of nuclear waste are to be buried, the entire basement volume does not have to be filled with plumbum, it may be satisfactory to line up all six inside elevations of the tank with a thick strata of plumbum s already mentioned.

E. Land reclamation is possible in low country sites for new building, building on upper sites is safe from the duculge possible from increasing global temperature and increased sea levels, building 4 along shorelines is practically doomed. Land reclamation for new buildings should follow the claims in this patent as well .

Embodiment Fig. 2.

The less problematic waste is the kitchen waste hills near the megapolis (21). As the waste is already compressed and forms a hard solid material the first step is to disintegrate it.

This is accomplished with compressors *(22) which create a sharp air stream to cut the solid waste and disintegrate it. The next compressor (23) sucks or pumps the aggregates as they are already loose from the solid pile and direct them straight to the nearby air pipe (14). From the side, another compressor produces a high blowing wind with a ventilator to keep closed the waste particles in the closed air channel (24). Naturally, in air the lighter material is kept but the heavier, such as steel, tin, copper accessories and other metallic articles, fall to the bottom of the pipe channel. A computerized brush is not shown here, which collects the material which has fallen to the bottom to the elevator (27). Various magnetic-type devices (not shown here) are installed at the elevator site, which uncover and separate steel from copper, glass and other materials. The metallic, magnetic particles are elevated directly through the pipe fly or transmitted into the vehicle (29) to be transported for recycling. Then at the next elevator, the next kinds of materials are elevated one by one and pumped or transmitted into the vehicle ready for recycling. : 116221/4 The artificial wind does not stop blowing transport of the other waste materials such as compost, which are lighter than metal or glass, and the same procedure continues at the next stop at the next elevator to transfer the compost for agricultural use (30).

Still, there remain light materials such as plastic bags, cartons, papers, etc., which continue to advance in the pipe channel with the artificial wind. At the third elevation post the different materials are again separated, selected, divided and evacuated to the vehicle which would transport them to the recycling factories. Each factory gets its sort of waste. However, there are still materials which must be chemically treated in places or volumes such as in special containers or tanks.

The most available place for such materials is a tank erected from the bottom of the sea, - Materials which cannot be immediately recycled should be treated in closed containers and diminished in volume, analyzed, separated and changed into useful ingredients. Such a procedure may take time and much energy. As the purpose is not to leave traces of the waste on the old garbage hills, it would be profitable to deal with such a waste far from populated areas. The areas released from hill kitchen wastes should be meliorated and prepared anew to join the already growing need for new town areas to be developed.

The Pipe The following steps to the remnants of kitchen waste solution are: J . The 2-3 dunam tank in the sea is to store the waste remnants for some time. . 2. The dehydration of the waste is by solar energy in closed containers.

The above description of the inventions shows one pipe of at least 2.0m diameter made of PVC or any other kind of plastic with quantities of continuously dimmishing aggregates which are disintegrated and transferred to the surface. The pipe diameter may also be made smaller, or if it would prove more profitable, lines of similar or smaller diameters could be installed in parallel for each sort of disintegrated waste, further and further to the bottom.

Large quantities may call for the installation of smaller diameters lined parallel pipes of convenience. Each smaller pipe channel will deal with smaller particles and aggregates.

It is advisable to bury the pipes deep into excavations so no surface disturbance would occur. Even the smell would vanish. The inner lining should be installed in the tank according to the kind of waste stored. Each kind of waste and its own store should be covered.

Israel is situated along the Mediterranean seashore, and its main highways are along and parallel to its shoreline. The main bulk of domestic waste is gathered in the mo¾t populated area called Dan. The above-mentioned procedure of domestic waste disposal starts from inland positions and runs perpendicularly to the main highways. In such a case the pipes will be the shortest. This treatment solves the kitchen domestic waste hills.

Summary: Kitchen waste disposal is contained in three to four steps: 1) Splitting the solid waste into aggregates and pushing or sucking them by an artificial wind into a pipe. 116221/Γ4 2) The artificial wind carries the material further along the pipe, letting , the heavy parts fall to the bottom of the pipe. 3) By this, nearly 90% of the aggregates are separated and at the elevator stations assembled, separated again, elevated to the ground surface and brought to the recycling factory. 4) Only the remaining waste which was blown to the end by the artificial wind is left to be treated in a special manner.

There are three kinds of treatment: 1) The two to three dunam tank in the sea can store for some time the remainder of the waste blown via the same pipe from the shore to the tank. 2) The dehydration of the waste is by solar energy in closed containers 3) To change the pulverized solid into gas is by additional heating through big Fresnel lenses.

The feasibility of this procedure lies in: 1) avoiding incineration in the open, and 2) the solar heat energy supply in large quantities.

The solid waste when going through the process by additional heat up to 12,000 degrees centigrade is changed into liquid and gas, and separated to form new polymers by special sensors or sensors already existing on the market: cooling the gases or liquids up to 500 degrees centigrade and therefrom to the normal ambient temperature they change into solid synthetic polymers as aggregates to be shoterected with a computerized robot ^on land and in space, or to be reused. The tank 116221/4 designed according to the patents is able to accommodate everything without exception. The above-mentioned patents are enclosed.

Nuclear Solid Waste There is no other solution than to close nuclear rods from reactors under a large mountain or be put away for centuries in an underwater tank. The inside envelope of the cellar should be lined with plumbum plates shown in Figs. 12A, 12B, connected to the curtain wall with screws imbedded in to the wall. Joints should be sealed with hot liquid plumbum. The plates should be reinforced with carbon meshes as the slabs themselves would be damaged in transport and time if treated otherwise. The plumbum hning concerns not only walls, the ceiling and floor make no exception.

Land Reclamation This is possible only after the garbage hill has already vanished. The surface of the land is soaked to a depth of 1.5-2.0 meters. First of all, this area should be drained with PVC drainage pipes and "dry wells", which should collect the drained water. The walls of the wells should be waterproofed with plastic PVC membranes and the water evaporated.

The remnants left in the well are of the contamination. This is the first step to analyze the contaminations and it shows the measures to be taken in further land reclamation.

Disposal of Organic Waste by Dehydration To dehydrate kitchen waste, 130-150°C are necessary. According to the enclosed computation, 9.0 m2 of lens should be enough. As the "waste . 116221/4 hill" contains, let us say 5x106 m3 of waste to dehydrate this material during approximately 5 years x 365 = 1,825 days, daily the amount dehydrated should be 5.000.000:150 = 273.73 mVday - 2,800 mVday. The number of containers and lenses necessary are 2,800: 150 = 18.7 ~ 20 units.

The containers could be enlarged to contain the double amount of waste but the lens must be as well in accordance with the enclosed computation: the number of dehydration units will be lower. The dehydrated material has a decreased volume, some 10-15% are to be dealt with next. After the dehydration the remnants are analyzed and can be used as fertilizer or to some other end. In any case and in no way will they form other waste hills.

The exact dimension of the container and the lens depends also of the consistency of the waste. Only experience in the plant during a year's time will give us the proper dimensions.

Recycling of Wastes bv Changing them to Gas The main problem is how to use and/or recycle the mixed waste. This patent strives to attain solutions in three methods. 1 . The first disposal when unnecessary to be postponed for another period of time is to be transmitted into a tank built in the sea 2. The second disposal when rich in organic waste is to be dehydrated and disposed as fertilizers in agricultural fields Patent 116221/3 3. The third disposal when the purpose is to exploit the "material organic vvaste"and all the rest of the waste 100 percent — to be transformed into gas, analyze all of its components transmitted to a special designed gas sensometer, pecs 003/95062 gas, recycled to the solid and/or liquid materials again for further use.

Many different waste disposal systems are known, including dumping at a selected site and use as landfill, sorting into different types of dry and wet wastes, and incineration of organic waste. The extraction of naturally occurring gases from wastes, such as methane, for reuse, is also known.

The practice of sorting wastes into different types of dry materials is popular and practiced widely in many regions. This normally requires the separation at source of, for example, domestic dry wastes, into paper, plastic, glass and metal (particularly alurninum). Each type of material is subsequently subjected to various recycling processes for reuse, thereby reducing the rate at which their naturally occurring components are depleted.

While known waste recycling methods are useful in preserving some materials, they do not entail recovery of many chemical elements, and thus many of these elements are lost either by being buried, or by incineration and exhausting into the atmosphere.

While dehydration requires temperatures of up to 150°C, this system to change solids to liquids and liquids to gas may demand a temperature of up to 12,000°C. This means special Fresnel lenses are required, as well as their location above clouds or in space. 4 FIGURES 1A Shows the vertical section of the device.

IB Shows the horizontal elevation of the device. 1C Shows the computerized spindle of the lens surface. 1 A - 11 The Fresnel lens. 12 Sun rays concentrate along a line. 13 The frame the lens is mounted in. 14 The container.

Fig. 2 21 The piles of kitchen - organic and domestic waste. 22 A compressor which dismantles the solid waste. 23 A compressor which pumps and by means of the air sucks the disintegrated waste, delivering it directly to the air channel. 24 The air pipe - to deliver the aggregate into the pipe channel.

The compressor with the ventilator - to blow the artificial wind into the channel. 26 The channel where the wind keeps the waste aggregate in the air. 27 The elevator which escalates the assembled waste to the surface. 28 The sucking pipe. 9 The heavy waste to be transferred for recycling.

The compost ready for use. 116221 4 31 The light waste which is not yet fully decomposed. 32 The seashore. 33 A tank erected from the sea bottom. 34 The sea.

The sea level.

Fig. 4 Shows two elevations of recycling kitchen organic waste and two sections. 26 Presents the big pipe with raw organic waste left after being separated from the other waste materials. 27 Presents gates closing the pipes to two other pipes of similar diameters. 28 Presents a 1.00 meter diameter pipe made of metal to absorb heat of 1500°C temperature. 29 Presents a fragmentation tool to fragment into smaller particles of waste material.

Presents an* implement to pump and compress the fragmented waste into pipe 42. 31 Presents a Fresnel lens along pipe 42. 32 Presents a metallic container or an earthen container, or a titanium container for hot gases. ί 116221/3 A special - in size - Fresnel lens installed high above trees and houses.

Valve locks.

A speical gas sensometer to discern and partial among 600,000 kinds of gases only 394 from the kitchen waste.

Pipes for the gases to be stored in balloons or cooled as solids. Presents compressor sensors and valve locks.

Presents the chamber for fransfonning the metallic materials in the waste to gas.

A specially formed opening for the raybeam to hit the metallic material directly. A method whereby the sensor operates a flat inner value to close the opening hermetically so no gas will escape. Presents a cooling chamber.

A specially designed solid to transmit the concentrated heat to the chamber. 116221/4 EMBODIMENT Fig. 1 The whole implement consists of two parts; the Frenel lens, 11, the container, 15, the steel frame, 13. The Fresnel lens is made of PVC Polycarbonate etc. 1C - is grooved with a computerized spindle 1C to deviate the rays of the sun into a line on the container beneath. The container is loaded with the waste material and filled with non-incinerating gas, closed up, and the process of dehydration begins immediately as the links, 14, of the frame incline the lens perpendicularly to the sun. The links and sensors, 14, act as long as there is light. The heat concentration on the lens depends on its dimensions. The process takse six to seven hours and can be shortened while changing the lens dimensions.

The focus: its height is of no consequence. In this case it has to be above the highest building in the vicinity. The focus is approximately the same length at the lens breadth.

The sensors will act in accordance with the motion of the sun and the ambient temperature. They will act according to the quantities of photons with which the lens is stricken by the sun energy waves. They will not act sufficiently in the early morning and afternoon hours. Only when the sun is higher does it start acting and the sensors direct the lens perpendicularly to the sun's rays.

The dimensions depend on the material to be treated. As kitchen waste varies from place to place, it is difficult to foretell the dimensions without experimenting on the plant with a pilot plan. . 116221/ ;4 The kitchen is nearly dry and contains: 1. Only 10% water. The weight of the waste is approximately 1 kg/dm3 · or 1 ton/m3. 2. We consider a container to have a diameter of 2.5 meters, a length of 20 meters and the Fresnel lens of 20 meters in breadth. The lens is 20.0x20.0 = 400.0m2 and is able to concentrate in six hours of sunshine 10.000x400 = 4000.000 kcal. To dehydrate the waste it needs an additional 40°C and the containers should have 4000.000 = 30°x20.0x5xl000.

S = 6.7 m2 D = 2.92m~3.0m Only experimentation on the site with a real pilot plan and real waste material will establish real dimensions.

The effective sun heating time is only 6.0 hours. It starts at 9:00 a.m. and ends at 3:00 p.m. The vicinity of trees and buildings may also influence the sun heating time because the lens should not be overshadowed. In addition, gases like helium and nitrogen should be administered into the container in order> to avoid incineration inside the container at the beginning of the process. Also at the start is a process whereby as the moisture and water of the waste change into vapor by the rising heat level, the vapor pressure grows as well. To avoid danger of blasting, the vapor should be released to the outside, or restrained into another vessel.

A) All the changes from solar energy to vapor, from vapor to electricity cause a 12-13 percent loss from the original sun energy efficiency. Instead of transferring electricity from the desert to a faraway town, f 116221/4 the hot water should be used to warm and cool habitats of all kinds in the vicinity. The loss of energy is twofold: 1) Transformation from one medium to another. 2) The loss along the line of transmission.

B) The common electricity is used by the populace, in addition to restaurants, laundries, etc., to warm water to 60-100°C. So there is no reason to pay extra prices for electricity when hot water is already on hand.

C) As the vapor is hot, it can serve as water for the populace after it is already condensed.

D) The container with the Fresnel lens is able to produce methane, a gas for domestic use, by adding to the solid waste another organic waste rich in germs which produce this sort of gas.

E) The suppressed vapor should be released into a turbine to produce electricity to be used in the plant.

The basic idea of all this is to exploit 100 percent of the solar energy, not to be satisfied with only 12-15 percent.

Fig. 4 The main pipe, 26, brings to the parting point, 41 , material comprised of inorganic metallic kitchen waste matter in small hidden quantities. The question now is, what else should be done to get rid of the remnants so nothing would be left inland.

The second point is, what is the cost of the next procedure; the recycling and reuse of the waste, 100 percent as it began. Waste cannot be "thrown out", not to the atmosphere, not to sea and not to space. Space should not 116221/4 be contaminated; even additional satellites, just as meteorites, are considered dangerous to our planet.

So the price may be lessened only from this standpoint, and society should be concerned with the remnants of waste wherever and whenever they are formed.

In our case, the problem of changing the solids to gases or liquids should be discussed, argued and resolved, especially as we in Israel have no waste canyons as in the United States, or waste "Saharas" of Africa.

The main pipe, 26, brings to the parting gates-valves, 41 , material to be annihilated as waste material. At 41 some material goes to be dehydrated into the array. 1A and IB and the rest go further to special implements, 43, which break and pulverize the solids into the smallest particles possible. The pulverized material is already heated to 1000-1500°C by the Fresnel lenses, 45. It enters or is forced to enter by pressures and growing heat from the sun to chambers which hold temperatures of up to 6000°C, changing all the matter to gases. The chamber pipes and other arrays have their own designed Fresnel lenses according to the highest temperature necessary inside, according to the quantities of pulverized masses.

When there are no longer any solids, the gases go to the next chamber, 49, which is able to separate 394 gases from among 6,000 types. In this chamber the nearly clean gases leave the place to the pipes, 401, after they have been cooled to 500°C. Those gases, like argon or carbon, or molecules such as polyethylene, polyester, etc., are directed to their designed containers and recycled to their newly-formulated form as 116221/4 aggregates to be further developed as matrices, walls or gases, to be reused in all forms on earth or in space. . 116221/4

Claims (10)

1. . A method of waste disposal by dismantling the hips of solid waste with a stream of air made by air compressors, vents, etc, sucking and transporting the waste aggregate by air in an airtight, long tunnel or pipe by blowing an artificial wind provided by a ventilator into the tunnel, the artificial wind from the compressor and ventilator meet and act together in the pipe channel or tunnel buried underground or lying above ground, the heavy waste aggregate drops to the bottom of the pipe channel and is brushed to the elevator point with a computerized brush, the selection and separation of the waste is done mechanically at each elevator post with magnets, sensors and other devices, each sort of waste is elevated directly to the vehicle through or with any other means of elevation by a pipe with a pump to be evacuated for recycling or with any other means of elevation , the remaining aggregates are transported to the lank in the sea, or to be dehydrated in a closed container the liquid waste is transferred to a nearby tank in the sea as mentioned with pumps and pipes to bury nuclear waste rods, special plumbum lining will be made in the cellars of the building tank in the sea, otherwise nuclear waste should be safeguarded in cellars in a special building on the land by lining the elevations of the cellar or by filling out the cellar of the tank in the sea with plumbum to the brim of the tank above sea level, each rod is buried in the plumbum with a heavy plumbum mass from ail sides a method whereby the sun's rays are concentrated in a line or point along a container or any implement to produce high pressures, heat, vapor, etc inside the container the container is heated with the solar energy which causes the waste in the container to 21 Π6221/'4 dehydrate and the volume to be diminished the remnants of the dehydrated waste is to be recycled as fertilizer or-t&'transform it in other forms, or to be separated when the wastes contains several kinds of other wastes.

2. The method according to claim 1 which uses the heated vapor as a means of producing electricity.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2 which "permits" the heated v vapor to heat water and as such, be used to heat habitats or exchange the heat with P.C.M implements.

4. The method according to claim 1 vvhich produces methane gas by supplying the organic waste container with moderate heat from the lens and adding to the waste additional organic waste with germs to produce methane gas.

5. The method according to claim 1 which enables the sensors to act early in the morning as well as late in the afternoon by photon rays of a lower sun.

6. The method according to claim 1 which enables the sensors to act on other particles of thermions, photons, electrons etc.

7. The method according to claim- T whereby the concentration of sun energy through the lens amplifies the volume of sensors, batteries etc, and thus enables the production of extremely high waves of thermions, photons, electrons etc. 22 1 16221/ 4

8. ) The method according to claim 1 whereby agricultural and _/ marocultural products would be dehydrated by the sun's rays beamed on a closed container.

9. ) The method according to claim. 1 whereby the waste to be changed to liquids is separated beforehand so only the worthy waste is transmitted to the next process.

10. ) The method according to claim 1 whereby the pipe sensor chambers are made of special solid materials which do not yield or change at higher temperatures. 1 1) The method according to claim 1 whereby the size, volume, Form and material of the pipes and chamber are adjusted to the Fresnel lens. 12) The method according to claim 1 whereby the main heating quantities are collected from the sun through the Fresnel lens. 13) The method according to claim 1 whereby the waste is particulated in the pipes and chambers with a specially designed fragmentation apparatus. 14) The method according to claim. 1 whereby the pumps, vent, gates and transmitters are formed of special solids like special amalgamates of titanium, stone. Etc.. 15) The method according to claim t whereby, when the waste is administered, no human hand should be necessary to touch it. 16) The method according to claim 1 whereby all the products achieved with the special apparatus are pure according to the chemical formulas.