IE902972A1 - Process for thermally spraying oxide-ceramic superconducting¹materials - Google Patents
Process for thermally spraying oxide-ceramic superconducting¹materialsInfo
- Publication number
- IE902972A1 IE902972A1 IE297290A IE297290A IE902972A1 IE 902972 A1 IE902972 A1 IE 902972A1 IE 297290 A IE297290 A IE 297290A IE 297290 A IE297290 A IE 297290A IE 902972 A1 IE902972 A1 IE 902972A1
- Authority
- IE
- Ireland
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- oxide
- ozone
- supplied
- spraying
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229960001730 nitrous oxide Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021521 yttrium barium copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 with 0sx2(Sr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
- C23C4/11—Oxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
- H10N60/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N60/0268—Manufacture or treatment of devices comprising copper oxide
- H10N60/0296—Processes for depositing or forming copper oxide superconductor layers
- H10N60/0492—Processes for depositing or forming copper oxide superconductor layers by thermal spraying, e.g. plasma deposition
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
- Superconductor Devices And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for thermally spraying oxide-ceramic materials having an overall composition corresponding to that of an oxide-ceramic superconductor. The powdered material is fed into the heating flame of the burner in which it is incipiently or completely melted and it strikes a substrate material as a spray jet. Oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or ozone is additionally fed into the heating flame and/or the spray jet in order to re-enrich the material, which loses oxygen during thermal spraying, with oxygen. This procedure makes a thermal post-treatment in an oxygen atmosphere, which would otherwise be necessary, superfluous.
Description
Description Process for thermally spraying oxide-ceramic superconducting materials The invention relates to a process for thermally spraying oxide-ceramic materials having a gross composition corresponding to that of an oxide-ceramic superconductor, in which process the powdered material is fed into the heating flame of a burner in which it is incipiently or completely fused, and is caused to impinge on a support material as a sprayed jet.
In the case of oxide-ceramic superconducting materials, thermal spraying is, inter alia, used as a shaping process. During thermal spraying, the materials lose their superconducting properties or even if the superconducting properties are not lost, they deteriorate markedly. A thermal aftertreatment of the sprayed layer deposited is therefore necessary after the spraying operation in order to produce or to improve the superconducting properties of the sprayed layer.
In the thermal aftertreatment, the sprayed layer is heated up in oxygen to a temperature at which oxygen is absorbed and then cooled slowly in an oxygen atmosphere. In this process, the thermal aftertreatment may comprise several heating and cooling steps. It is time-consuming and cost-intensive. In addition, the thermal aftertreatment may result in undesirable contaminants in the sprayed layer if substances diffuse into the sprayed layer out of the support material or react chemically with the sprayed layer.
The object of the present invention is to provide a process of the type mentioned in the preamble in which an oxide-ceramic sprayed layer is formed on the support material, which sprayed layer is already superconducting or has good superconducting properties without thermal aftertreatment.
This object is achieved by the process specified in 5 patent claim 1.
It has been found that the oxygen content of the sprayed layers produced depends primarily on the amount of oxygen presented during the spraying process. Elemental analysis shows that layers of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oz sprayed in normal air have a lower oxygen content (Bi2Sr2CaCu2O7 8) and poorer superconducting properties (Tc = 80 K) than when additional oxygen is supplied in accordance with the invention (Bi2Sr2CaCu2OB 4;TC = 84 K). Similar remarks apply in the case of other oxide-ceramic superconducting materials such as, for example, YBa2Cu3Oz. In the process according to the invention, the oxygen enrichment is achieved more simply, more rapidly and more uniformly over the cross section of the superconducting layer than in the case of conventional thermal spraying without additional oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or ozone being supplied and with subsequent thermal aftertreatment. Under the conditions of thermal spraying, the dinitrogen oxide decomposes to form atomic, highly reactive oxygen and nitrogen oxides.
In the process according to the invention it is possible to use all the oxide-ceramic materials which lose oxygen when heated under the conditions of thermal spraying and are able to reversibly absorb oxygen again, for example, MBa2Cu3O7.z, where M is yttrium or rare earth metals except Ce, Pr and Nd, with 0sx2(Sr,Ca)2CuOz, Bi2( Sr ,Ca) 3Cu2Oz and Bi2(Sr,Ca)4Cu3Oz, and Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-0. The oxide-ceramic materials used according to the invention may have a gross composition which corresponds to that of an oxide35 ceramic superconductor or, as a consequence of an oxygen deficiency, they may not be superconducting but may have - 3 the gross composition of an oxide-ceramic superconductor in other respects. In the process according to the invention, oxide-ceramic materials are preferably used which contain copper and yttrium in oxidic form or which contain copper, bismuth, strontium and calcium in oxidic form.
Of the thermal spraying processes, the process according to the invention employs, in particular, flame spraying and plasma jet spraying with the variants cited in DIN 32 530. In flame spraying, the powdered material is incipiently or completely fused in a fuel gas/oxygen flame and impelled onto the support material as a result of the expanding combustion gas alone or with simultaneous assistance by means of an atomizing gas (for example, compressed air). Oxygen is fed to the fuel gas in an adequate amount to burn the fuel gas. With acetylene as the fuel gas, a temperature of not more than 3,150’C is reached. Substantially higher temperatures of not more than 20,000°C can be achieved in the case of plasma jet spraying. During plasma jet spraying, the powdered material is incipiently or completely fused inside or outside the burner by a plasma flame, accelerated and impelled onto the support material. The plasma is produced by an electric arc struck between cathode and anode. As plasma gases, use is made, for example, of argon, helium, nitrogen or mixtures thereof. The electrically neutral plasma jet leaves the plasma burner with a high velocity and temperature.
The oxide-ceramic material having a gross composition corresponding, possibly with the exception of the oxygen content, to that of a superconductor is fed to the heating flame in powdered form inside, or preferably outside, the burner by means of a carrier gas. The powdered material is fused, or incipiently fused at the surface of the powder particles, by the high temperatures of the heating flame. The incipiently or completely fused material is sprayed as a sprayed jet onto a support - 4 material on which it is deposited as a sprayed layer. In the case of thermal spraying, the oxide-ceramic material loses oxygen, which results in the loss of, or an impairment of, the superconducting properties. The process according to the invention enriches the oxide-ceramic material in the sprayed jet with oxygen again until it impinges on the support material, with the result that a sprayed layer having good superconducting properties is obtained.
The additional oxygen, the dinitrogen oxide or the ozone is supplied, preferably outside the burner and in particular at the burner outlet, to the heating flame and/or the sprayed jet. Air enriched with oxygen can be used; however, pure oxygen is preferably supplied. If the powdered material is fed into the heating flame outside the burner, the oxygen, the dinitrogen oxide or the ozone can be supplied at the same point as the powdered material. It is, however, also possible to provide the oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or ozone supply only subsequently, in the sprayed jet.
Preferably, a plurality of supply pipes or nozzles are disposed around the heating flame or the sprayed jet. The supply is preferably carried out by means of an annular nozzle disposed around the heating flame or the sprayed jet in order to supply the oxide-ceramic material uniformly with oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or ozone from all sides. The supply pipes or nozzles are preferably so disposed that the oxygen, the dinitrogen oxide or the ozone are supplied perpendicularly to the direction of flow of the sprayed jet. In another preferred embodiment, oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or ozone is supplied in a flow forming an acute angle with the direction of flow of the sprayed jet. In order to envelop the heating flame and the sprayed jet with the oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or ozone supply, a funnel-shaped attachment may be disposed around the heating flame and/or the sprayed jet downstream of the outlet of the oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or IE 902 - 5 ozone from the supply pipe(s) or nozzle(s). For example, a funnel-shaped attachment can be screwed onto the annular nozzle. This envelops heating flame and sprayed jet with the oxygen, the dinitrogen oxide or the ozone. The oxygen, the dinitrogen oxide or the ozone may also be supplied together with the powdered oxide-ceramic material by adding the oxygen, the dinitrogen oxide or the ozone to the carrier gas with which the material is fed into the heating flame of the burner. It is also possible to use oxygen alone as carrier gas.
Particularly oxygen-rich sprayed layers, i.e. particularly good superconducting properties, are obtained if the spraying distance between burner and support material is increased. However, owing to the increase in spraying loss with increasing distance, it is not possible to choose an excessively large distance. As large a spraying distance as possible is therefore chosen within the range of the spraying distances normally used.
The process according to the invention is described in more detail with reference to the drawing and exemplary embodiments. In the drawing: Fig. 1 shows a diagrammatic cross section through a first embodiment of a plasma burner and the path of the incipiently or completely fused, material until it impinges on the support material, Fig. 2 shows a diagrammatic cross section through a second embodiment of a plasma burner, and Fig. 3 shows a section along the line A-A through the plasma burner of Fig. 2.
Centrally disposed inside the plasma burner 1 is a rodlike cathode 2. At the burner outlet there is an annular anode 3. Cooling water channels 4 are provided at the cathode 2 and the anode 3. An electric arc of high energy density is struck between cathode 2 and anode 3. It delivers most of its thermal energy to the plasma gas 5 - 6 which is partially ionized as a result. Diatomic gases first dissociate and give up the thermal energy absorbed again outside the plasma burner 1. The oxide-ceramic material is blown through a powder inlet 7 at the burner outlet into the plasma flame 6 emerging from the burner at high velocity. The material is incipiently or completely fused by the high temperature of the plasma flame 6 and is impelled with the plasma gas as a sprayed jet 8 onto the support material 9, where it deposits as a sprayed layer 10. The arrow indicates the direction of advance of the carrier material 10. Viewed in the direction of spraying in Fig. 1, an annular nozzle 11 to which oxygen is supplied through the pipe 12 is disposed behind the powder inlet 7. The nozzle opening 13 is directed at the support material, with the result that the oxygen is supplied to the sprayed jet 8 and the plasma flame tip in a flow forming an acute angle with the direction of flow of the sprayed jet 8. Adjoining the burner outlet is a funnel-shaped attachment 14 which is disposed around the sprayed jet 8.
In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the powder inlet 7 and the oxygen inlet are disposed at the same level at the burner outlet. The oxygen is supplied through three pipes 12. These pipes 12 and the powder inlet 7 are each disposed so as to be offset by 90° with respect to one another (cf. Fig. 3). In this embodiment, the oxygen is supplied to the plasma flame through the nozzles 13 in a flow which is in all cases directed perpendicularly to the flow direction of the sprayed jet.
Example 1 Superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O10.x powder (particle size less than 100 lm) was introduced into a plasma jet spray system in which three oxygen nozzles through which pure oxygen was supplied perpendicularly to the direction of flow of the sprayed jet were disposed around the sprayed jet (cf. Figs. 2 and 3). The incipiently or completely fused material was sprayed onto an MgO support plate with - 7 a spraying distance of 130 mm. The sprayed layer formed had a composition, determined by elemental analysis, of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 4 and a critical temperature Tc of 84 K (AC susceptibility measurement).
Comparison Example 1 Example 1 was repeated in an identical manner, with the exception that no oxygen was supplied to the sprayed jet through the nozzles. The sprayed layer formed had a composition of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O7 8 and a critical temperature Tc of 80 K (AC susceptibility measurement).
Example 2 YBa2Cu3O7.x (particle size less than 100 lm) was used in the spraying system of Example 1 as superconducting powder and this material was deposited with oxygen being supplied through the nozzles onto a Zr02 support plate with a spraying distance of 130 mm. The sprayed layer formed had a composition of YBa2Cu3O7 5 and a critical temperature Tc of 86 K.
Comparison Example 2 Example 2 was repeated in an identical manner, with the exception that no oxygen was fed to the sprayed jet through the nozzles. The sprayed layer formed had a composition of YBa2Cu3O8 x and was semiconductive.
Example 3 The superconducting material Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oz was introduced into the spraying system of Example 1 and this material was sprayed with oxygen being supplied through the nozzles onto a support plate, various spraying distances being used. The following results were obtained: Spraying distance Composition of the sprayed layer Critical perature. 100 mm Bi2Sr2CaCu2O7e 60 K 5 120 mm Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8. 2 65 K 130 mm Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8. 5 70 K Example 4 The superconducting material obtained in Example 3 with a spraying distance of 120 mm was subjected to a thermal after treatment in an oxygen atmosphere with the following temperature schedule: After the thermal aftertreatment, the material had the same composition as before the thermal aftertreatment, namely Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 2.
Claims (20)
1. A process for thermally spraying oxide-ceramic materials having a gross composition corresponding, possibly with the exception of the oxygen content, to that of an oxideceramic superconductor, in which process the powdered material is fed into the heating flame of the burner in which it is incipiently or completely fused, and is caused to impinge on a support material as a sprayed jet, which process comprises additionally supplying oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or ozone to the heating flame and/or to the sprayed jet.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or ozone is supplied at the burner outlet.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the oxygen is supplied in the form of air enriched with oxgyen.
4. The process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein pure oxygen is supplied.
5. The process as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, wherein oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or ozone is supplied to the heating flame at the same point as the powdered material.
6. The process as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, wherein oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or ozone is supplied through one or more supply pipes or nozzles disposed around the heating flame and/or the sprayed jet.
7. The process as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, wherein oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or ozone is supplied through an annular nozzle disposed around the heating flame and/or the sprayed jet.
8. The process as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7, wherein oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or ozone is supplied to the - ίο heating flame and/or the sprayed jet in a flow directed perpendicularly to the direction of flow of the sprayed jet.
9. The process as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7, wherein oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or ozone is supplied to the heating flame and/or the sprayed jet in a flow forming an acute angle with the direction of flow of the sprayed jet.
10. The process as claimed in claim 9, wherein oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or ozone is caused to flow through a funnel-shaped attachment disposed around the heating flame and/or the sprayed jet after emerging from the supply pipe (s) or nozzle(s).
11. The process as claimed in one of claims 1 to 10, wherein oxygen, dinitrogen oxide or ozone are added to the carrier gas which is used to feed the powdered material into the heating flame of the burner.
12. The process as claimed in one of claims 1 to 10, wherein oxygen is used as carrier gas for feeding the powdered material into the heating flame.
13. The process as claimed in one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the oxide-ceramic material contains copper in oxidic form.
14. The process as claimed in claim 13, wherein the oxideceramic material contains bismuth or yttrium in oxidic form.
15. The process as claimed in claim 13, wherein the oxideceramic material contains bismuth, strontium and calcium in oxidic form.
16. The process as claimed in one of claims 1 to 15, wherein flame spraying or plasma jet spraying is used.
17. The process as claimed in one of claims 1 to 16, wherein as great a spraying distance as possible is chosen between burner and support material within the range of the spraying distances normally used.
18. A process according to claim 1 for thermally spraying oxide ceramic materials, substantially as hereinbefore described and exemplified.
19. A process according to claim 1 for thermally spraying oxide ceramic materials, substnatially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
20. Oxide-ceramic materials whenever thermally sprayed by a process claimed in a preceding claim.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3927168A DE3927168A1 (en) | 1989-08-17 | 1989-08-17 | METHOD FOR THERMALLY SPRAYING OXIDE-CERAMIC SUPRAL-CONDUCTING MATERIALS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IE902972A1 true IE902972A1 (en) | 1991-02-27 |
Family
ID=6387296
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IE297290A IE902972A1 (en) | 1989-08-17 | 1990-08-16 | Process for thermally spraying oxide-ceramic superconducting¹materials |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0413296A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH03183755A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3927168A1 (en) |
| IE (1) | IE902972A1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT95010A (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4035030A1 (en) * | 1990-09-27 | 1992-04-02 | Hoechst Ag | THERMALLY SPRAYED THICK LAYERS |
| EP0960955A1 (en) | 1998-05-26 | 1999-12-01 | Universiteit Gent | Method and apparatus for flame spraying to form a tough coating |
| JP2003129212A (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2003-05-08 | Fujimi Inc | Thermal spray method |
| JP3965103B2 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2007-08-29 | 株式会社フジミインコーポレーテッド | High speed flame sprayer and thermal spraying method using the same |
| DE10331664B4 (en) * | 2003-07-12 | 2006-11-02 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Plasma spraying process and device suitable for this purpose |
| JP5526364B2 (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2014-06-18 | トーカロ株式会社 | Method of modifying the surface of white yttrium oxide sprayed coating |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2155217A1 (en) * | 1971-11-06 | 1973-05-10 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Electrostatic photocopying material prodn - by plasma spraying dielectric and/or photoconductive layer |
| EP0286135A3 (en) * | 1987-04-10 | 1990-12-19 | Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited | Method for producing ceramic oxide superconductor |
| DE3853094T2 (en) * | 1987-04-28 | 1995-08-10 | Ibm | Fast, large-area coating made of superconductors with a high transition temperature. |
| KR910007382B1 (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1991-09-25 | 가부시기가이샤 히다찌세이사꾸쇼 | Superconductor material and method of manufacturing super-conductor film |
| DE3744144A1 (en) * | 1987-12-24 | 1989-07-06 | Asea Brown Boveri | SUPER LADDER AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| JPH01172220A (en) * | 1987-12-26 | 1989-07-07 | Tokai Univ | Production of superconducting material |
| CN1036286A (en) * | 1988-02-24 | 1989-10-11 | 珀金·埃莱姆公司 | The subatmospheric plasma spray coating of superconductivity ceramics |
-
1989
- 1989-08-17 DE DE3927168A patent/DE3927168A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1990
- 1990-08-14 EP EP90115548A patent/EP0413296A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-08-16 PT PT95010A patent/PT95010A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-08-16 IE IE297290A patent/IE902972A1/en unknown
- 1990-08-17 JP JP2217988A patent/JPH03183755A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3927168A1 (en) | 1991-02-21 |
| EP0413296A1 (en) | 1991-02-20 |
| JPH03183755A (en) | 1991-08-09 |
| PT95010A (en) | 1991-04-18 |
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