IE42607B1 - A three-phase inverter - Google Patents
A three-phase inverterInfo
- Publication number
- IE42607B1 IE42607B1 IE1882/75A IE188275A IE42607B1 IE 42607 B1 IE42607 B1 IE 42607B1 IE 1882/75 A IE1882/75 A IE 1882/75A IE 188275 A IE188275 A IE 188275A IE 42607 B1 IE42607 B1 IE 42607B1
- Authority
- IE
- Ireland
- Prior art keywords
- phase inverter
- power switch
- drive circuit
- outputs
- oscillator
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5383—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a self-oscillating arrangement
- H02M7/53846—Control circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
- H02M7/53875—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with analogue control of three-phase output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)
Description
This invention relates to a three-phase inverter.
Three-phase inverters are used, for supplying a three-phase load from a d.c.' supply and the load may, for example, he a motor.
There is described in our British Patents Kos. 1402321 and 1402322 a battery driven vehicle having an induction motor energised from a battery through an inverter, and an inverter in accordance with the present invention will be usable in such a system in which case
I the induction motor will have to be a three-phase induction motor.
Most known three-phase inverters utilise six or more main power switches which switches are either thyristors or transistors. Each main power switch requires an associated low power electronic circuit and the reliability decreases as the number of components increases.
It is an object of t his invention to provide a three-phase inverter utilising relatively few components.
According to this invention, there is provided a three-phase inverter comprising first, second and third power switches, and first, second and third direct voltage sources, the first power switch and the first voltage source being connected in series between first and second terminals, the second power switch and the second voltage source being connected in series between the second terminal and a third terminal, and the third power switch and the third voltage source being connected in
- 2 4 26 07 series between the third and first terminals, and first, second and third free-wheeling diodes connected across the first, second and third power switches respectively so as to be reversely connected with respect to the direct voltage sources, and a 5 drive circuit for supplying to the power switches, variable length, control signals separated from each other by 120°, the drive circuit being controllable to increase the length of the control signals so that each power switch is cut off after another power switch is caused to conduct.
The three phases of a three-phase load may be connected between the first, second and third terminals respectively and a neutral point. Alternatively the three phases of the primary of a three-phase transformer could be connected in series with the first, second and third power switches respectively. Such a transformer may however be heavy and expensive.
The inverter may be used with an inductive load, because the first, second and third free-wheeling diodes are connected across the first, second and third power switches respectively, so as to be reversely connected with respect to the direct voltage sources.
Preferably the drive circuit is controllable to reduce the length of the control signals so that each power switch is cut off before another power switch is caused to conduct.
It is preferred that the power switches nre transistors.
- 3 2607
It is possible to utilise thyristors as the power switches but it has been found that if the power switches are thyristors the associated turn-off circuitry necessary for each thyristor if the load is inductive is quite complex.
A three-phase inverter in accordance with this invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings of which:FIGURE 1 is a circuit diagram of the inverter with an associated load;
FIGURES 2 and 3 are timing circuits and waveforms occurring within the inverter under different conditions; and
FIGURE 4 is a base drive circuit.
- 4 42G07 .Referring first to Figure 1 tho invertor utilises a doJta-configuration, tho throe arms of the delta being indicated at A, B and C respectively. Arm A of the delta consists of a power switch in the form of a transistor 1 connected in series with a buttery 2 between tex’minais 3 and 4. A free-wheeling diode 5 is connected reversely across the transistor 1.
Arm B consists of a power switch in the form of a power transistor 6 connected in series with a d.c.
battery 7 between the terminal 4 and a terminal 8 with a free-wheeling diode 9 reversely connected across the power transistor 6. Arm C consists of a power switch in the form of a transistor 10 connected in series with a d.c. battery 11 between the terminals 3 and 8 with a free-wheeling diode 12 connected reversely across the power transistor 10. It will be seen that the corresponding components of each arm arc connected in the same sense, that is to say, were ail transistor's 1, 6 and 10 to conduct at the same time they would create a short circuit around the delta and that the batteries
2, 7 and 11 are all connected in the same sense whioh is to drive current through the associated transistors.
A thi’ee-phase load indicated at 13, 14 and 15 is connected between the terminals 3, 4 and 8 respectively and a neutral point 16.
It will be seen that when the transistor 1 is caused to conduct, current will flow from the positive terminal of the battery 2 through the transistor 1, the load 13
- 5 607 ad the load 14 to the negative terminal of the battery 2. Likeise when each of the other transistors is caused to conduct, two bases of the load are energised. Two of the transistors can be aused to conduct simultaneously, for example, the transistors 1 ad 6 in which case all three phases of the load will be simulaneously energised but all three transistors cannot be simultaneously aergised as a short circuit will then exist.
In operation, the switches are closed for equal lengths of ime in the sequence ABCA etc. Figure 2(a) shows the switch aerating times for an ON time of 15% of the repetition period ad shows the switching periods for each of the aims A, B and C.
Figure 2(b) shows the current flowing through one of those rcns for a resistive load and Figure 2(c) shows the current flowing arough one of those arms for an inductive load.
Figure 3 generally corresponds to Figure 2, but shows ON imes of 2/3 of the overall period which is the maximum possible angth as longer pulses result in a short circuit around the alta. Figure 3(a) shows the switch operating times for the aree arms, Figure 3(b) showing the flow of current through one C those arms for a resistive load and Figure 3(c) showing the irrent through one of the arms for an inductive load.
Voltage control can be achieved’’ in two ways which could be sed together. Firstly the length of the pulse can be varied atween the two extremes illustrated in __
- 6 12 0 0 7
Figures 2 and 3· However it is preferable that the basic pulse length is set permanently at the maximum possible illustrated in Figure 3 and the switches are modulated on and off within the basic pattern illusti'ated in Figure 3· For this purpose as shown in Figure 4, a single oscillator 20 produces three pulse outputs each of which consists of an ΟΝ/OFF ratio of 2:1, that is to say an 'ON period of 240° within a cycle of 360°. The three pulse train outputs are separated from each other by 120° and are fed to corresponding inputs of gates 21, 22 and 23 whose outputs are connected to the bases of the transistors 1, 6 and 10 respectively. Each of the gates 21, 22 and 23 is a two input AND gate whose other input receives the output of a common modulator 24 which produces a relatively high frequency pulse output having a variable mark-space ratio. The modulator output may be controlled by a control voltage on a line 2> and the overall frequency of the converter output may be controlled by a signal on a line 26 connected to the oscillator (20) which produces the three pulse train outputs.
Claims (2)
1. . A three-phase inverter comprising first, second and third power switches, first, second and third direct voltage sources, the first power switch and the first voltage source being connected in series between first and second terminals, the second power switch and the second voltage source being connected in series between the second terminal and a third terminal, and the third power switch and the third voltage source being connected in series between the third and first terminals, and first, second and third free-wheeling diodes connected across the first, second and third power switches respectively so as to be reversely connected with respect to the direct voltage sources, and a drive circuit for supplying, to the power switches variable length control signals separated from each other by 120°, the drive circuit being controllable to increase the length of the control signals so that each power switch is cut off after another power switch is caused to conduct. 2. A three-phase inverter according to claim 1 wherein the three phases of a three-phase load are connected between the first, second and third terminals respectively and a neutral point. 3. A three-phase inverter as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the drive circuit is controllable to reduce the length of the control signals so that each power switch is cut off before another power switch is caused to conduct. 4. A three-phase inverter as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the power switches are transistors. - 8 5. A three-phase inverter according to claim 4 wherein the drive circuit comprises an oscillator arranged to produce first, second and third pulse train outputs separated from each other by 120° and having an on/off ratio not greater : than 2:1, first, second and third two-input AND gates corresponding inputs of which receive the first, second and third outputs of the oscillator, the outputs of the first, second and third gates being connected to the bases of the first, second and third power switches respectively, and a lo modulator arranged to produce an output pulse train at a frequency high in relation to the frequency of the output pulse trains of the oscillator, the output of the modulator being connected to the other input of each gate. 6. A three-phase inverter according to claim 5 wherein 15 the mark-space ratio of the output of the modulator can be varied. 8. A three-phase inverteraccording to claim 5 or claim 6 wherein the frequency of the outputs of the oscillator can be varied.
2. '> A three-phase inverter substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB29692/75A GB1543581A (en) | 1975-07-15 | 1975-07-15 | Three-phase inverter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IE42607L IE42607L (en) | 1977-01-15 |
| IE42607B1 true IE42607B1 (en) | 1980-09-10 |
Family
ID=10295598
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IE1882/75A IE42607B1 (en) | 1975-07-15 | 1975-08-28 | A three-phase inverter |
Country Status (22)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5210515A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR207371A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT342712B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE832861A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7506698A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1033807A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH586969A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2536626A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK364675A (en) |
| EG (1) | EG13428A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES440798A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI761222A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2318529A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1543581A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE42607B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1047975B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU73254A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7510335A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO138232C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE418438B (en) |
| SU (1) | SU637105A3 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA755538B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7643733B2 (en) | 2007-07-27 | 2010-01-05 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Control device for driving a brushless DC motor |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1513851C3 (en) * | 1966-03-31 | 1975-09-18 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | Device for voltage regulation of a converter arrangement for feeding electrical machines |
| US3681676A (en) * | 1971-04-21 | 1972-08-01 | Gen Motors Corp | Cycloconverter silicon controlled rectifier gate signal inhibit circuit |
-
1975
- 1975-01-01 AR AR260285A patent/AR207371A1/en active
- 1975-07-15 GB GB29692/75A patent/GB1543581A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-08-12 DK DK364675A patent/DK364675A/en unknown
- 1975-08-16 DE DE19752536626 patent/DE2536626A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1975-08-21 AT AT646875A patent/AT342712B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-08-26 FR FR7526255A patent/FR2318529A1/en active Granted
- 1975-08-26 LU LU73254A patent/LU73254A1/xx unknown
- 1975-08-27 CH CH1109275A patent/CH586969A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-08-28 IE IE1882/75A patent/IE42607B1/en unknown
- 1975-08-28 BE BE159562A patent/BE832861A/en unknown
- 1975-08-29 ZA ZA00755538A patent/ZA755538B/en unknown
- 1975-09-01 SU SU752168206A patent/SU637105A3/en active
- 1975-09-02 NL NL7510335A patent/NL7510335A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-09-03 IT IT69203/75A patent/IT1047975B/en active
- 1975-09-08 ES ES440798A patent/ES440798A1/en not_active Expired
- 1975-09-09 CA CA235,082A patent/CA1033807A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-09-30 JP JP50117341A patent/JPS5210515A/en active Pending
- 1975-10-02 NO NO753340A patent/NO138232C/en unknown
- 1975-10-14 BR BR7506698A patent/BR7506698A/en unknown
-
1976
- 1976-04-22 SE SE7604638A patent/SE418438B/en unknown
- 1976-04-30 FI FI761222A patent/FI761222A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-06-20 EG EG357/76A patent/EG13428A/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IE42607L (en) | 1977-01-15 |
| GB1543581A (en) | 1979-04-04 |
| BR7506698A (en) | 1977-05-17 |
| NO138232C (en) | 1978-07-26 |
| SE7604638L (en) | 1977-01-16 |
| AT342712B (en) | 1978-04-25 |
| LU73254A1 (en) | 1976-04-13 |
| DE2536626A1 (en) | 1977-02-03 |
| ATA646875A (en) | 1977-08-15 |
| FR2318529A1 (en) | 1977-02-11 |
| CH586969A5 (en) | 1977-04-15 |
| FR2318529B1 (en) | 1981-11-20 |
| JPS5210515A (en) | 1977-01-26 |
| IT1047975B (en) | 1980-10-20 |
| AR207371A1 (en) | 1976-09-30 |
| BE832861A (en) | 1975-12-16 |
| FI761222A (en) | 1977-01-16 |
| ZA755538B (en) | 1976-07-28 |
| NO753340L (en) | 1977-01-18 |
| NL7510335A (en) | 1977-01-18 |
| CA1033807A (en) | 1978-06-27 |
| EG13428A (en) | 1981-12-31 |
| AU8474175A (en) | 1977-03-17 |
| DK364675A (en) | 1977-01-16 |
| SE418438B (en) | 1981-05-25 |
| NO138232B (en) | 1978-04-17 |
| ES440798A1 (en) | 1977-06-16 |
| SU637105A3 (en) | 1978-12-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0009783B1 (en) | A system for driving a motor by a pulse width modulation inverter | |
| EP0207145A4 (en) | Method of operating parallel-connected semiconductor switch elements. | |
| US4128793A (en) | Power circuit for variable frequency, variable magnitude power conditioning system | |
| EP0215897B1 (en) | Inverter shoot-through protection circuit | |
| US3999086A (en) | Drive circuit for a controllable electronic switching element, for example, a power transistor | |
| GB1167566A (en) | Method and Apparatus for Firing Inverters | |
| US4725741A (en) | Drive circuit for fast switching of Darlington-connected transistors | |
| US20160211773A1 (en) | Power converter with dead-time variation to disperse distortion | |
| US3872327A (en) | Drive circuit for pulse width modulated D.C. - D.C. convertors | |
| IE42607B1 (en) | A three-phase inverter | |
| US4891532A (en) | Darlington connected switch having base drive with active turn-off | |
| GB1532037A (en) | Bipolar inverter circuits | |
| SU877757A1 (en) | Dc voltage-to-ac voltage converter | |
| US6201716B1 (en) | Controller of power supplying apparatus with short circuit preventing means | |
| SU817910A1 (en) | Transistorized inverter | |
| SU955411A1 (en) | Pulse shaper | |
| SU970624A1 (en) | Device for control of three-phase gate-type voltage regulator | |
| SU1176448A1 (en) | Method of switching inductive load | |
| GB1245260A (en) | Pulse producing system | |
| SU864568A1 (en) | Dc motor control devic | |
| SU1101998A1 (en) | Inverter | |
| SU877768A1 (en) | Device for frequency control of induction electric motor | |
| SU853758A1 (en) | Two-cycle transistorized inverter | |
| RU2020716C1 (en) | Reversible electric drive | |
| WO1987003153A1 (en) | Drive circuit for fast switching of darlington-connected transistors |