IE42149B1 - Apparatus for the gasification of finely-divided fuels - Google Patents

Apparatus for the gasification of finely-divided fuels

Info

Publication number
IE42149B1
IE42149B1 IE1201/75A IE120175A IE42149B1 IE 42149 B1 IE42149 B1 IE 42149B1 IE 1201/75 A IE1201/75 A IE 1201/75A IE 120175 A IE120175 A IE 120175A IE 42149 B1 IE42149 B1 IE 42149B1
Authority
IE
Ireland
Prior art keywords
wall structure
tube wall
gasification
water
outlet
Prior art date
Application number
IE1201/75A
Other versions
IE42149L (en
Original Assignee
Shell Int Research
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Int Research filed Critical Shell Int Research
Publication of IE42149L publication Critical patent/IE42149L/en
Publication of IE42149B1 publication Critical patent/IE42149B1/en

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/52Ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/526Ash-removing devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/485Entrained flow gasifiers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/74Construction of shells or jackets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/78High-pressure apparatus
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/82Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C10J3/845Quench rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/86Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093Coal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956Air or oxygen enriched air
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959Oxygen

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Abstract

1501284 Gasifiers SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ BV 2 May 1975 [30 May 1974] 18550/75 Heading C5E A gasifier comprises a gasification chamber 3 defined by a water tube wall structure 2 composed of tubes 4 joined to headers 5, 6, the tube wall structure being separated from the outer pressure shell 1 by layers 11, 12 of insulating material; to facilitate dismantling of the apparatus, the layers 11, 12 are separable along parting boundary 13 and the tube wall structure is removable as a unit, the outer pressure shell being dismantlable by releasing flange connectors 39. A further parting boundary 34 is provided in layer 12 at the level of lower header 6. A layer 10 of refractory tamping compound protects the tube wall structure from the flames in the chamber 1. In use, a mixture of powdered coal and oxygen is fed to burners 16, gases are discharged through water-cooled outlet 18, and slag through a water-cooled discharge shaft 23. An oxygen lance 32 burns off any slag deposits which form in outlet 21.

Description

This invention relates to the gasification of finelydivided solid or liquid fuels in suspension by reaction with oxygen-containing gases at elevated pressure, for instance a pressure between 15 and 80 atmospheres gauge.
An ooject of the invention is to make provision for the heat evolved in such a gasification process to be partly recovered in the gasification zone itself, while the gasifier is so constructed that parts requiring servicing or repair after long periods of operation are readily accessible.
According to the invention, therefore,there is provided apparatus for the gasification of finely-divided fuels in suspension by reaction with oxygen-containing gases at elevated pressure, characterised by a gasification chamber defined by a_ water tune wall structure arranged in a dismantlable outer pressure shell so as to be removable as a unit therefrom, insulation layers comprising an inner layer separated from an outer layer by a parting boundary being provided between the pressure shell and the tube wall structure. 1 According to anotner feature of tne invention, the said I I tune wall structure may be internally lined with refractory tamping compound.
According to yet another feature of the invention, the bottom end of the pressure shell and an adjoining slag discharge snaft are respectively removable in the downward direction . i from the remainder of the apparatus. ' ( The apparatus of the invention enables a substantial part ι ι of tne heat evolved in the gasification chamber to be directly I recovered through tne walls of the latter for steam generation. -242148 It is possible to produce saturated steam at a pressure of 100 atmospheres gauge or more in such a tube wall structure and an associated waste-heat boiler system rocovering heat from the generated gas leaving the gasifier. Since the tube wall structure is removable from the pressure shell as a unit, any repairs required can be carried out at comparatively low cost.
It is also possible to replace the tube wall structure in a very short time so that production loss is only minimum in the event of a malfunction.
An embodiment of the invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawing, wherein: FIGURE 1 is a vertical section through a gasifier provided for the gasification of coal dust; and FIGURE 2 is a section on the line II-II In Figure 1.
The drawing shows a gasifier comprising an outer pressure shell 1 housing a tube wall structure 2 that defines a gasification chamber 3. The tube wall structure 2 consists of a plurality of tubes 4 that are welded together and are connected to top and bottom headers 5, 6 respectively. In operation the wall structure functions as a water tube boiler, receiving water that is fed to the bottom header 6 from an external ring main 7 that is connected to the header 6 through down tubes 8, while the top header 5 is connected to a steam outlet ring main 9 situated radially outboard of the ring main 7· The tube wall structure is protected from the direct action of the flames in the gasification chamber 3 by means of refractory tamping compound 10.
A layer of insulation is disposed between the tube wall structure and the outer pressure shell 1 to prevent the latter 1 from attaining an undesirably high temporaturo. In the present - 3 42149 case, the insulation consists of a first outer layer 11 of insulating bricks or some other suitable insulating material adjacent to the pressure shell, another layer of insulation and filling material 12 being disposed within the first layer 11 and cladding the tube wall structure, jjt parting boundary consti tutes the junction between the two insulation layers 11, 12 and this^parting boundary and the insulation material are arranged to be fed with and purged hy an inert gas, preferably nitrogen, introduced into the shell 1 through an inert gas inlet 14 and vented through an outlot 15. 3n the embodiinent illustrated, four water-cooled burners 16 arc provided, to each of which a mixture of coal dust and oxygen is fed via a pressure line 17. The burners are arranged horizontally and, as can be seen from Figure 2, have their axes directed tangentially to a central circle within the chamber 3; this circle has, for example, a diameter of 300 mm.
The gasification chamber 3 has a top gas outlet 18, which in this case is conical, through which the generated gas leaves the chamber. The gas outlet is either equipped for water cooling or is constructed as a process steam generator, having n juckoL with a water inlet 19 and a water or steam outlot 20. Λ iinmher of water nozzlon 33 load into tlio gas eul.lot. to provido for abrupt cooling (quenching) of the generated gas and for the solidification of any entrained molten slag particles, Liquid slag produced by the gasification mainly falls to and accumulates at the bottom of the gasifier, leaving the gasification chamber 3 through an outlet 21 at the bottom of the latter, the outlet 21 having a sharp dripper edge 22 to promote free fall of tho slag into a water bath 24 in a slag discharge shaft 23 below tho outlet. The slag is thus granulated by quenching in the - 4 42149 water bath and is withdrawn from the latter through a breaker system (not shown) and discharged through an air-^ock. 'l'lie slag discharge shaft 23 is also water-cooled or constructed as a procoss steam generator, being provided with a jacket having a water inlet 25 and (an) outlet 26. The shaft 23 itself has a water inlet 27 and the water outlet 28 for maintenance of the water bath 24. The slag discharge shaft is also provided with a water-cooled manhole 29 equipped with a temperature and pressure measuring spigot 31: a similarly equipped manhole 30 is provided in the gasification chamber.
An oxygen lance 32 in the wall of the shaft 23 is directed towards tho outlet aperture 21 and is used to bum off any slag deposited, while a pilot burner 40 (Figure 2) is provided in the chamber 3 foi· initiating reaction therein.
The provision of the/parting boundary 13 between the insulation layers is. supplemented by a horizontal)parting 'boundary 34 at the level of header 6 and an associated)parting boundary 36 around a drain cock 35. By these provisions for separating the insulation layers and parts from ono another, 1 the gasifier may bo dismantled for servicing or repair. Thus, for instance, the wall structure 2 may be lifted upwardly out of the pressure shell 1 without difficulty when the burners 16 have been removed and the upper end of the pressure shell 1 has been removed by releasing its flange connection to the body part of tho shell. Moreover, the slag discharge shaft 23 may be withdrawn downwardly whon a flango connection 38 has been released from tlie bottom end 37 of tho pressure shell. Similarly by releasing a flange connection 39 the bottom end 37 can be removed from the remainder of the pressure shell.
The invention is applicable also to gas generators in which - 5 42148 the burners are constructed differently from the embodiment described. The invention is also applicable whatever the shape of the tube wall structure.

Claims (5)

CLAIMS:
1. Apparatus for the gasification of finely-divided fuels in suspension by reaction with oxygen-containing gases at elevated pressure, characterised by a gasification chamber defined by a water 5 tube wall structure arranged in a dismantlable outer pressure shell so as to be removable as a unit therefrom, insulation layers comprising an inner layer separated from an outer layer by a parting boundary being provided between the pressure shell and the tube wall structure. io
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said tube wall structure is internally lined with refractory tamping compound.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, Wherein the bottom end of said pressure shell and an adjoining slag discharge shaft are respectively removable in the downward direction from the 15 remainder of the apparatus.
4. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, having a slag outlet from the gasification chamber, said outlet opening into a slag discharge shaft of larger diameter than said outlet and the latter having a sharp dripper edge within said 2d shaft.
5. Gasification apparatus substantially as described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawings.
IE1201/75A 1974-05-30 1975-05-29 Apparatus for the gasification of finely-divided fuels IE42149B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2425962A DE2425962C3 (en) 1974-05-30 1974-05-30 Gas generator for the gasification of finely divided fuels

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
IE42149L IE42149L (en) 1975-11-30
IE42149B1 true IE42149B1 (en) 1980-06-18

Family

ID=5916764

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
IE1201/75A IE42149B1 (en) 1974-05-30 1975-05-29 Apparatus for the gasification of finely-divided fuels

Country Status (17)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5817519B2 (en)
BE (1) BE829733A (en)
BR (1) BR7503392A (en)
CA (1) CA1078613A (en)
CS (1) CS181294B2 (en)
DD (1) DD119266A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2425962C3 (en)
DK (1) DK140601B (en)
FR (1) FR2273232B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1501284A (en)
IE (1) IE42149B1 (en)
IN (1) IN143291B (en)
IT (1) IT1037718B (en)
LU (1) LU72613A1 (en)
NL (1) NL7505661A (en)
SU (1) SU839442A3 (en)
ZA (1) ZA752996B (en)

Families Citing this family (36)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1578443A (en) * 1976-12-24 1980-11-05 Shell Int Research Apparatus for producing a gaseous fuel from finely divided solid or liquid fuels
NL7704399A (en) * 1977-04-22 1978-10-24 Shell Int Research METHOD AND REACTOR FOR THE PARTIAL BURNING OF COAL POWDER.
DD145026A3 (en) * 1978-09-28 1980-11-19 Dieter Koenig PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICE V N REACTORS
DE3009851C2 (en) * 1980-03-14 1983-09-15 Karrena GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Reactor containers, in particular for gasifying fossil fuels
DE3009850C2 (en) * 1980-03-14 1983-04-21 Karrena GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Reactor vessel
NL8101447A (en) * 1981-03-24 1982-10-18 Shell Int Research METHOD FOR PREPARING HYDROCARBONS FROM CARBON-CONTAINING MATERIAL
DE3124263A1 (en) * 1981-06-19 1983-01-05 Karrena GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf LINING FOR A ROUND BURNING ROOM AT LEAST APPROXIMATELY CROSS-SECTIONED
EP0079092B1 (en) * 1981-11-09 1985-04-10 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Apparatus for gasifying finely divided fuels
IN156182B (en) * 1981-11-16 1985-06-01 Shell Int Research
DE3613508A1 (en) * 1986-04-22 1987-10-29 Krupp Koppers Gmbh DEVICE FOR THE GASIFICATION OF FINE-DIVISION, IN PARTICULAR SOLID FUELS UNDER INCREASED PRESSURE
JPH07116456B2 (en) * 1986-06-09 1995-12-13 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Exothermic gas generator
DE3623604A1 (en) * 1986-07-12 1988-01-14 Krupp Koppers Gmbh DEVICE FOR THE GASIFICATION OF FINE-DIVISION, IN PARTICULAR SOLID FUELS UNDER INCREASED PRESSURE
JPS63215794A (en) * 1987-03-03 1988-09-08 Nobuo Suzuki Gas generator for biomass mainly composed of wood refuse powder
US4805561A (en) * 1987-12-11 1989-02-21 Shell Oil Company Coal gasification process with inhibition of quench zone plugging
US4823742A (en) * 1987-12-11 1989-04-25 Shell Oil Company Coal gasification process with inhibition of quench zone plugging
US4805562A (en) * 1987-12-11 1989-02-21 Shell Oil Company Coal gasification process with inhibition of quench zone plugging
US4823741A (en) * 1987-12-11 1989-04-25 Shell Oil Company Coal gasification process with inhibition of quench zone plugging
DE4017219A1 (en) * 1990-05-29 1991-12-05 Babcock Werke Ag DEVICE FOR GASIFYING CARBONATED MATERIALS
EP1814966B1 (en) 2004-11-22 2019-04-10 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Apparatus for gasifying a fuel
US9051522B2 (en) 2006-12-01 2015-06-09 Shell Oil Company Gasification reactor
KR101434247B1 (en) * 2007-01-17 2014-08-27 쉘 인터내셔날 리써취 마트샤피지 비.브이. Gasification reactor
RU2466176C2 (en) * 2007-03-15 2012-11-10 Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В. Vessel of gasification reactor with inner wall from multiple tubes and comprising several burners
CN201205497Y (en) * 2007-03-30 2009-03-11 国际壳牌研究有限公司 Gasification reactor
EP2238223B1 (en) 2008-01-28 2015-08-26 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Process to start-up a coal gasification reactor
JP4844584B2 (en) * 2008-04-11 2011-12-28 日本電気株式会社 Equipment unit attachment / detachment device
DE102008033095A1 (en) * 2008-07-15 2010-01-28 Uhde Gmbh Apparatus for slag removal from a coal gasification reactor
US8475546B2 (en) 2008-12-04 2013-07-02 Shell Oil Company Reactor for preparing syngas
US8960651B2 (en) 2008-12-04 2015-02-24 Shell Oil Company Vessel for cooling syngas
JP2013519865A (en) 2010-02-18 2013-05-30 シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ Tubular wall assembly and gasification reactor
WO2012095475A2 (en) * 2011-01-14 2012-07-19 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Gasification reactor
EP2678407B1 (en) * 2011-02-24 2015-03-25 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Gasification reactor
CN102851080B (en) * 2011-06-30 2015-08-26 通用电气公司 Integrated gasification combined cycle power generation system and gasifying reactor and method
DE102014113653A1 (en) 2014-09-22 2016-03-24 Choren Industrietechnik GmbH Reactor for entrained flow gasification of carbonaceous fuels
DE202014104519U1 (en) 2014-09-22 2014-10-02 Choren Industrietechnik GmbH Reactor for entrained flow gasification of carbonaceous fuels
CN108204586A (en) * 2018-01-17 2018-06-26 江苏新方圆电气设备制造有限公司 A kind of cylinder part for being capable of quick slagging for membrane type lag cooler
CN112439764B (en) * 2019-08-28 2023-01-20 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for treating waste alumina in anthraquinone process hydrogen peroxide production process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2425962C3 (en) 1979-04-05
GB1501284A (en) 1978-02-15
IE42149L (en) 1975-11-30
DE2425962A1 (en) 1975-12-11
BR7503392A (en) 1976-04-27
IN143291B (en) 1977-10-29
FR2273232B1 (en) 1980-08-01
FR2273232A1 (en) 1975-12-26
DK140601B (en) 1979-10-08
DD119266A5 (en) 1976-04-12
SU839442A3 (en) 1981-06-15
NL7505661A (en) 1975-12-02
BE829733A (en) 1975-12-01
LU72613A1 (en) 1975-10-08
DE2425962B2 (en) 1978-08-17
AU8164275A (en) 1976-12-02
IT1037718B (en) 1979-11-20
JPS515302A (en) 1976-01-17
JPS5817519B2 (en) 1983-04-07
CA1078613A (en) 1980-06-03
DK140601C (en) 1980-02-25
CS181294B2 (en) 1978-03-31
ZA752996B (en) 1976-04-28
DK237875A (en) 1975-12-01

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