IE20030548A1 - Filling gas cylinders - Google Patents

Filling gas cylinders Download PDF

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Publication number
IE20030548A1
IE20030548A1 IE20030548A IE20030548A IE20030548A1 IE 20030548 A1 IE20030548 A1 IE 20030548A1 IE 20030548 A IE20030548 A IE 20030548A IE 20030548 A IE20030548 A IE 20030548A IE 20030548 A1 IE20030548 A1 IE 20030548A1
Authority
IE
Ireland
Prior art keywords
gas cylinder
carbon dioxide
cylinder
gas
filling
Prior art date
Application number
IE20030548A
Other versions
IE84447B1 (en
Inventor
Clive Stewart Cumner
Original Assignee
Messer Uk Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Messer Uk Ltd filed Critical Messer Uk Ltd
Publication of IE20030548A1 publication Critical patent/IE20030548A1/en
Publication of IE84447B1 publication Critical patent/IE84447B1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0103—Exterior arrangements
    • F17C2205/0107—Frames
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0142—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels bundled in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F17C2205/0364—Pipes flexible or articulated, e.g. a hose
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F17C2227/045—Methods for emptying or filling by vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0421—Mass or weight of the content of the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/02—Mixing fluids
    • F17C2265/025—Mixing fluids different fluids

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

Carbon dioxide is frequently used as one of a mixture of compressed gases packaged into gas cylinders for use in dispensing beer and it may also be used in other food applications such as packaging. According to this invention a method of filling gas cylinder (2) with a mixed gas including carbon dioxide includes the steps of supplying carbon dioxide to a gas cylinder to partly fill the gas cylinder (2), inverting the gas cylinder (2), and then supplying another component whilst the gas cylinder (2), is held in an inverted condition. The other component is injected directly into and through the carbon dioxide so causes intimate mixing of components as part of the filling process. Preferably the gas cylinder (2) is inverted initially and then carbon dioxide is supplied to it. <Figure 1>

Description

Carbon dioxide is frequently used as one of a mixture of compressed gases packaged into gas cylinders for use in dispensing beer and it may also be used in other food applications such as packaging. Typically such cylinders are held in an erect or horizontal position and filled in successive steps with the required quantities of each component of the mixture. After filling, particularly where one of the components is carbon dioxide which is a very dense gas steps have to be taken to mix the various components of the gas mixture thoroughly so that it is dispensed as a mixture in the correct proportions. Typically, the filled cylinders are rolled around to cause this mixing.
According to this invention a method of filling a gas cylinder with a mixed gas including carbon dioxide includes the steps of supplying carbon dioxide to the gas cylinder to partly fill the gas cylinder, inverting the gas cylinder, and then supplying another component whilst the gas cylinder is held in its inverted condition so that the other component is injected directly into and through the carbon dioxide so causing intimate mixing of the components as part of the filling process.
Preferably the method of filling a gas cylinder with a mixed gas including carbon dioxide comprises the steps of, initially, inverting the gas cylinder, then supplying carbon dioxide to the gas cylinder to partly fill the gas cylinder, and then supplying another component whilst the gas cylinder is held in its inverted condition.
By filling with the more dense carbon dioxide first in either the liquid or vapour state and then supplying the other component or components through the carbon dioxide, the components are mixed intimately as part of the filling process. Accordingly, no further mixing steps are required and the filled cylinder can, immediately after the filling is complete, be distributed for use.
I IE 0 3 05 4 8 A particular example of a method in accordance with this invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings; in which:Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the filling system; Figure 2 is a side elevation of the cylinder cradle showing it in its two alternative positions and carrying a range of sizes of cylinder; Figure 3 is a plan of the cylinder cradle; and, Figure 4 is a front elevation of the cylinder cradle.
The apparatus comprises a pivoted cradle 1 for holding a gas cylinder 2 and raising the gas cylinder 2 between a horizontal and an inverted position. The cradle 1 and all of its associated equipment is mounted on the pan of a weigh scale 3 supported on load cells (not shown) . The apparatus also includes a supply hose 4 indicated only in dotted lines in Figure 1 and connected to a block 5 also mounted on the pan of the weigh scale 3. The block 5 is also connected to a pipe line 6 including an elongate hairpin portion 7 which lies in a substantially horizontal plane. The hairpin portion 7 is, typically formed from small diameter stainless steel tube having an internal diameter of typically 6 mm and having a length of around %m. Changes in pressure inside the flexible hose 4 lead to changes in forces exerted between its ends. However, since one end is connected to the cylinder 2 which is housed on the pan of the weigh scale 3 and the other end is anchored to the block 5 which is also mounted on the of the weight scale pan 3 changes in pressure within the flexible hose 4 have no effect whatsoever on the weight recorded by the weigh scale 3 . Since the weigh scale 3 includes load cells the movement of the scale pan 3 is imperceptible, however, the hairpin arrangement 7 provides sufficient flexibility to ensure that the connection of the pipeline 6 to the scale pan 3 has no measurable effect on the weight recorded by the weigh scale 3.
The system also includes a motorised drain valve 8, a motorised carbon dioxide supply valve 9, a carbon dioxide IE 0 3 »5 4 8 pump 10 and a bulk tank 11 containing liquid carbon dioxide. The weigh scale 3 and motorised valves 8, 9 and and a motorised nitrogen valve 12, a nitrogen pump 13 and a nitrogen bulk tank 14 pumps 10 and 13 are connected to a control system 15. A high pressure ambient vaporiser 16 is connected in the pipeline 6 downstream from the pump to vaporise nitrogen from the bulk tank 14.
The cradle 1, as shown more clearly in Figures 2, 3 and 4 includes a double row ball conveyor 20 which is connected via pivots 21 to a frame 22, a pair of arms 23, connected to the cradle 1 are joined at their free ends by a rod 24. A pneumatic piston and cylinder assembly 25 is connected and acts between the frame 22 and the rod 24. By actuating the pneumatic piston and cylinder assembly 25 to withdraw the piston rod into the cylinder the cradle 1 is caused to pivot around the pivots 21 to raise the base of a gas cylinder 2 to an angle such as shown in Figure 2 where the base of the cylinder 2 is raised to a sufficient height above the neck portion to allow liquid to drain freely past the shoulder of the cylinder. The cradle 1 also includes an abutment 26 located at the right hand end of the ball conveyor 20 as shown in Figure 2, against which the shoulder of the gas cylinder 2 is held when the cylinder is in its raised position. The cradle may also include a cylinder clamp 28 shown most clearly in Figure 4.
A cylinder 2 is placed horizontally onto the cradle 1. The filling hose 4 is then connected to a valve 30 (Figure 2) on the neck of the cylinder. The fill hose 4 may include a probe on its end to open any residual pressure valve forming part of the valve 30. The pneumatic piston and cylinder assembly 25 is then actuated to raise the base of the cylinder 2. With the cylinder in this position and with the valve 3 0 of the cylinder 2 open, the motorised valve 8 is then opened and any liquid contents within the cylinder 2 drain to waste via the hose 4 and valve 8. Any liquid contents within the cylinder fall by gravity and are also driven out by any residual pressure within the ΙΕΟ 3 05 4 8 cylinder. Any residual pressure is also vented to atmospheric via the valve 8. As an option the cylinder 2 can also, at this point, be connected to a vacuum pump (not shown) to remove any residual gas and contaminants.
The valve 8 is then closed and valve 9 opened to jet a small amount of liquid carbon dioxide into the cylinder to rinse it. The valve 9 is then closed and valve 8 opened again to drain the liquid carbon dioxide used for rinsing the inside of the cylinder 2 to waste. The valve 8 is then closed. This cleaning step is not essential and may be omitted from the filling process.
The output from the weigh scale 3 is then used as the tare weight of the empty cylinder and valve 9 opened and the cylinder 2 filled with liquid carbon dioxide from the bulk tank 11 via the pump 10 until the weigh scale 3 indicates the correct fill weight. The valve 9 is then closed and the pump 10 stopped. The cylinder may instead, be filled with carbon dioxide in the vapour phase. The valve 12 is then opened and nitrogen is then introduced into the cylinder 2 via the pump 13 from the tank 14 and vaporiser 16 until the required weight has been added. The valve 12 is then closed and the pump 13 stopped. The nitrogen is introduced into the cylinder 2 through the liquid carbon dioxide in the lower part of the cylinder. This causes thorough mixing of the carbon dioxide and nitrogen in the cylinder 2 and vaporisation of the carbon dioxide to produce a well mixed gas mixture.

Claims (7)

1. A method of filling a gas cylinder with a mixed gas including carbon dioxide including the steps of supplying 5 carbon dioxide to a gas cylinder to partly fill the gas cylinder, inverting the gas cylinder, and then supplying another component whilst the gas cylinder is held in its inverted condition so that the other component is injected directly into and through the carbon dioxide so causing 10 intimate mixing of the components as part of the filling process.
2. A method according to claim 1 in which the method of filling a gas cylinder comprises the steps of, initially, inverting the gas cylinder, then supplying carbon dioxide 15 to the gas cylinder to partly fill the gas cylinder, and then supplying another component whilst the gas cylinder is held in its inverted condition.
3. A method according to claim 2, in which the cylinder is subjected to a cleaning step whilst inverted and before 20 being partly filled with carbon dioxide.
4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the carbon dioxide is supplied in a liquid state.
5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the carbon dioxide is supplied in a gaseous state. 25
6. A method according to any of the preceding claims, in which the other component is nitrogen gas.
7. A method of filling a gas cylinder substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
IE2003/0548A 2003-07-24 Filling gas cylinders IE84447B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBUNITEDKINGDOM08/08/20020218406.7
GB0218406A GB0218406D0 (en) 2002-08-08 2002-08-08 Filling gas cylinders

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
IE20030548A1 true IE20030548A1 (en) 2004-02-11
IE84447B1 IE84447B1 (en) 2006-12-13

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0317510D0 (en) 2003-08-27
GB2393239A (en) 2004-03-24
GB0218406D0 (en) 2002-09-18
GB2393239B (en) 2004-11-10

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