HUE033553T2 - Berendezés anyag alakítására indukciós melegítéssel, ami lehetõvé teszi a berendezés elõmelegítését - Google Patents

Description

f erande#s anyag aiakitasara indukcips meiegftessel, ami lehetove: toss! a berendeais eldmeieglreset

PEVfGI FUR SHAPING MATERIALS USING INDUCTION HEATING TH^T ENABLES

PREHEATING OF THE DEVICE lie present invention relates is-a device and a method using induction heating In order to carry out the shapnii particularly by molding, of materials, in particular thermoplastic or thermosetting matrix composite materials. A device is known, such m that described 10 international patent application no. WD20DST09#T2?f which makes It posslbie to localise the induction heating, so as to delimit the heating at the moid/materia! interface.

Such a device comprises inductors surrounding two electrically conductive mold bodies and comprising a heating cone intended to be in contact with the materia! to be shaped, the mold bodies being electrically Insulated from oath other. Thus, thanks to this electrical disconnection between the two mold bodies, the opposite faces of these latter delimit an air gap through which the magnetic field created by the inductors flows, The magnetic: field thus Induces electric®! currents on the surface of the mold bodies, and especially on the surface of the heating aone of each mold body, thereby allowing the beating to be localised at the surface, close to the material to be heated.

Such a device allows a very quick and very significant rise in temperature of the heafsng cones, given the fact that the energy generated by the inductors is ’’injected" directly at the surface of the heating bones,tin a very thin layer (typically a few tenths of a millimeter). To benefit as much as possible from the effect of the air gap. Its width, i,e, the distance between the opposite feces of the device when it is operating, must be as small as possible, of the order of a few millimeters, In practice, this width is determined by the thickness of the part to be heated, which acts as an Insulator between the two portions of the device. When this: pert is electrically conductive, insulating shims of a suitable thickness to insulate the two portions of the device, or an insulating coaHng on the surfaces in contact with the part, are provided,

Gome materials require special molding: techniques:, This is the case, Tor example, for thermoplastic materials with long fibers, called L.f-',Τ ("Long Fiber Thermoplastics”To be :properly molded, such material must be deposited hot onto e moid that Is itself already at temperature. However, the known molds, because of their thermal inertiapdO not :p#mlt heating/cooiiog cycles that are fast enough to be able to deposit material onto a

Ibdid #the Ideditemperatum-Wfiii theneooi tbisrmoidiilpmbipih a solidified; part, ailsin ο commercially fntefesung bm&v To overcome the Current tel«i^i|rsifct maids maintained at a constant "intermediate” temperature, which is a compromise between -the satisfactory flowing of the material and sMoormct soildifleabon: in the mold; At die same time, the material Is deposited at a very high temperature,, close to ts degradation limit; for inofaocoy Idr an LF-T, materia! deposited at 1® *G, the mold used will be at an intermediate temperature, between 10A£:.dnd Jd30®£, 'wbfch «Mdwsi ® acceptable flowing of the material, and at the same tithe; its: Cooling below its solidification point.

To perform such an operation, it la kmwn to carry opt: the preheating of the material outside of the mold, for example lb anrinffated oven or on a hot plate, then move the material onto a two-piece mold* the latter being kept at the repaired temperature while the materia! is preheated. The material is deposited id thb moldm a soft and malleable paste that, under the pressure exerted by the two portions of the mold, begins to flow to fiihthe entire molding space, thus taking the shape of the finished part. To carry out this operation It Is necessary thot both: portions of the mold, when in contact, define a compression chamber, Le. that sealing is provided m order to exert the pressure necessary for thersmtety: :feo'^ow without it escapmg, The temperature of the mold allows the gradual cooling of the mate rial bdidW so the part can be ejected. However, the mold teomerature is dfteh too high: fbr optimum cooling;, and the part is often stl 11 soft when removed,: which poses problems: with the final quality {distortion, residual stresses, etc.). in summary, the matheds currently implemented represent a compromise that does not a How flowing of the material or sufficient cooling of the fInished· parfc to be achieved, ft is therefore.....of Interest to impiemeht a mold allowing shorter (heating/cooiing)

cycle times, making: It possible to deposit: the materia! onto a mold at much higher a; temperature than the Tntermediateirtemporature (thus enhancing the part's fiowingiof a satisfactory filling of the mold), then rapidly cooling this mold to a temperature below the intermediate temperature fthus promoting proper cooling; of the finished partT

An induction healing device as mentioned above allows very short heating /cooling cyclas,: hut its use for molding a material such as L.F,T> seems inappropriate. Indeed, the need to provide a compression chamber with a satisfactory sealing is hardly compatible with the technoiogy of this typo of device, which requires the two sides of the mold to be eiectricailv insulated so that it is heated.

The invention Is intended to modify such;a device to make it suitable for molding rnateriais of the type described above. In particular, the invention starts from the ubseryecioo:: that it Sg to preheat ^ t mold if If is gpfned:, or else with performance levels fhit: sm too low, because the width of the alrpsp can then bo more than tea centimeters, its effect thee becoming negligible. imps, the jnveidlon telatesto a melding device for Xfm shaping of a material, comprising; - a tower mold body, or die, mode from; an electrically conductive material end comprising a molding tom intended to be In ..contact with the material to be shaped;: - an upper mote body, ©r punch,, made from m electrically conPPctiye ntoteriei, and comprising a molding sons intended to be in contact with the material to be shaped; - a removable intermedia*# part, or core, made of an electrically conductive material, and intended to be inserted between the die andthe punch; - induction means capable of generating a magoatlcfleld that eocteunds the die, the pooch and the Intermediate pert; these three components being electrically Insulated to pairs, so that the opposite faces of the intermediate part and the die on the one hand, and of the Intermediate part and the punch on the other ©Ir-g^is m which the magnetic field flows which Induces currents at the surface of the: molding aoges of the die and the punch, thus making It possible to localize the action of the teductote at the surface of the molding cones.

In an embodiment, shims transparent to the magnetic held provide electrics! insulation betwben the die and the intermediate part oh the one hand, and between the intermediate part and the punch on the other hand,

In an embodiment, the molding mmt of top two mold bodies are capable of forming a dosed chamber, for example a chamber known as a compression chamber..

In an embodiment, a portion including the molding cone of at least one of the two mold bodies comprises a magnetic compound, preferably of a relative magnetic permeability and high electrical resistivity, such as a nickel-, chromium·· and/or titanium-baaed steel.

In an embodiment, a portion of at least one of the two mold bodies comprises a different material from the portion including the moldingaone, notably a non-magnetlc dr a weekly magnetic material, for example stainless steel. fb: an embodiment, at: least one of the two mold bodies comprises a magnetic material, its surfaces located: opposite the induction means, except for the surface of its molding gone, being covered with a layer of shielding made of a oernmagnetic materia! preventing the magnetic field penetrating into the mold body..

In an embodiment, the intermediate part: comp rises a non-magnetic materlai, preferably ©ISi low electrical resistivity, such as aluminum·

In an embodiment, the intermediate part comprises a contact coating, such ad silicone.

In an embodiment the intermed iate: piece comprises a materiel: characterized: by an em Iasi vity g re a te r the n Ci. ?r m 01¾ ae g rap bite >

In an embodiment at least ane of the two; maid bodies comprises a network of coeiing cnenneis. in an embodiment tile Intermediate part also includes a network of cooling channels.

In m embodiment:, the frepyency of the magnetic fieid generated by the induction means IS: greater than: or epuaf to 10 kHz. and preferably less than or equal to 100: kHz,

In an embodinient. the Induction means comprise two separable portions... respectively secured to the die and the upper body.

The Indention also mletes to:;a method of preheating a maiding device as beined above, toe metbed compfising the steps at - Inserting the intermediary part between the die and the punch; * eis^tnceily insuiating in pains the intermediary part and the two mold bodies; so that the opposite faces of the intermediate pert end the die on the one hand, and of the intermediate part and the punch on the other hand, delimit two air gaps; - powering Induction means bar generating a magnetic field that surrounds the dle? the punch and: the: Ititermedlate part; - such that the magnetic field; hows In the two air gaps, and induces currents at the surface of the molding zones of the die and the punch, thus making it/possible: to localize the preheatsng: at the surface of the molding zones.

The InveritiOP also: reiates to a method for molding a material comprising the/Steps of; * Implementlng/the preheating of a moidihgrdevlce: as deiined;;ahove:; ~ removing the intermediate past from the molding device; - deposftmg a material to be molded; on one of the: mold:; bodies;; ~ molding the material by pressurization between the two mold bodies; - cooling the mold; - removing the soildlfledipart.

Finally, the invention: relates to a method for molding a rnateriai cosnphsing the steps of: - Implementing the preheating of a molding device as defined above, a material to be molded having been previousiyiplaeed between the die and the; intermediate part; - removing the Intermediate part from the molding device; - molding the material by pressurization between: the two mold bodies; ~ cooling the mold;; removing the solidified pert.

Other features and advantages of the invention w-i! become dear on reading the following description; this being made as a non -limiting example with reference to the following figures sn which; - figures 1 to 3 show a device :accordlng: to the invention, in three states corresponding to fhmeateps of its implementation;: ···· figures 3$.and 4h: show:':ts: data;i of the lower mold body and the intermediate part; - figure Sishows a crosa«#eetioh view of a device according to the invention; - figure 4 is a detail;view of an ernhodlmeoi of electrical contactors with which the device in figure S is equipped.

The device I: Shown In figures 1.-3, comprises two mold bodies, «ylbwir hSSii:body,· Of die 10, and an upper mold body, or punch 13, ioth are made of an electncaliy conductive material, end they each comprise a portion constituting a heating zone, or moldihl zone, respectively 14 for the die 3.0 and 16 for the punch 12< The two mold bodies: tb, 12 are able to come into contact with each other to achieve the molding of a piece, the molding zones 14, 14, arranged face-to-face> thus forming a dosed chamber, for Instance a compression chamber. 4 network of inductors 3d, electrieaiiy cofmecfesd la paraiy ori% SeiMI connection and connected to a: power generator. Is placed by the die jo and the punch 12. Each inductor 30 comprises e conductive turn and includes two separable portions 32, 34, The lower portion:12 is secured to the die 10 while the upper portion 34 is secured to the pupch 12,

In accordance with the invention, to ailow preheating of device 1 an intermediate part, or core 18, is placed between the die 10 and the punch 12. The core If:is made of ah electrieaiiy conductive material and its shape is adapted: to the shape of the molding zones of the die and the punch, in the example in figure 1, the shape of the core 18 complements the shape of the: molding zones exactly, but, as will he seen later, other configurations are possible. The core 18 *s electneaiiy insulated from the die 10 and the punch 12 thanks to shims 34-that am transparent to the electromagnetic field, for oxafhpla made of ceramic, The insulation can be achieved by any other means,: for exampip ® silicone coating of a suitable thickness (a few millimeters), Is pieced either on the die: and the punch or on each of the core’s faces.

Vyhan the: induction means 30 are powered by an alternating current 1, the electromagnetic field surrounds both the two rabid bodies and the core 18, The eiectricai insulation between the die and the com, on the one hand, end between the com and the punch, on the other hand, allows the electromagnetic held to flow in the two spaces separating the core and each of the two mold bodies*: In this my two air gaps 20 and 22 are defined, one: between: the opposite faces of the core IS and the die: 10* the other between the opposite faces of the core 18 and the: punch 12, To obtain: this edect, I II alsonecessary for the die: and the punch to he electrically insulated from each other wheh the Core is in place, as shewn in figure i.

The magnetic: field generated by the induction: means 30 flows in the air gaps 20 and 2¾ he. between: the dlO: Id and the core IS anti between the cere IS: and: the: punch: 12, it thus i:hduces currents lei, ten and k3 «ltd directions opposite to that of current 1. Through the effect Of the two air gaps 20, 22, these currents ic*, to*, and leyfiow in i: closed: loop independertSy, respectively in the die :10* the punch 1¾ and: the core: 18,

Horn speclficaliy, the: induced currents le*, lc«, 1% flew on the surface: of these: three elements, in a very thin layer (a few tenths of a millimeter}, These currents: therefore: have a thermal action (through a resistive effect) only on the surface Of these: three hodies, and notably at the surface of the molding gooes: M, id. The configuration: of figure l therefore allows the molding cones of the die: and the punch: to be heated efficiently.

Once the molding zones 14, :16 have reached the desired temperature, the device 1. is opened, the core T! is removed from it and a matenel 40 to be molded can then da deposited on the die 10- In the example in figure 2* the: material Is preheated before being deposited, hut it Is understood that other matedels can be deposited without preheating. Then the pMUCb is. In a corwentiona! way, moved towards the die until these two elements are in contact and the molding |or compression) chamber is dosed, it should be noted that at this stage, shown in figure 3, the die and: the punch are: bo: longer necessarily electrleally ihsuiated, since the induction means are no longer utilised. Since: the mold is at: the deslted temperature, it no longer needs to he heated to rnoid the material 40<

Thanks to the core inserted between the die and the punch* one enpys ail: the advantages of the presence of an air gap, as descrlbed tpr example in the; aforementioned international patent application, and: Ih particular; - localization of the currents (and therefore the heating) at the surface, which leads to very fast heating since It Is not the entire mold bodies: that are hoated, ~ energy savings, - a very fine level of adaptability of the; heating through the use of different materials for certain portions of the molding senes* - the possibility of haying cooling means as close as possible to the molding zones* with the rapid cooling that results from this.

Such a result cannot ha obtained without the presence of a core according to the Invention, because in that case an air gap effect eunnef be generated. Actually, the die and punch cannot he brought close enough together^ especially in the content of a compression chamber that comprises closing stfrlecel perpendicular fp the plane of the mold. The more complex: the shapes of the molding zones, the more difficuitthis is.

With the invention It becomes possible to carry out the mold's heatihg/eooilng cycles in the content of molding a material such as LInT, Coming back to the preceding example, of a material deposited at a temqarpure of 2513*0, the mold can he brought up to a temperate!e tea- is very dose, for exemple around 200*0, and then, once the material has been pressurized In the dosed mold, the mold will be rapidly cooled to a temperature close to the ambient temperature (much lower then the value of 8f*C that can be achieved eurrentiy). Therefore, the flowing of the material and the efficient: fliling ©f the mold, combined with the perfect coniing and soiidlfieaden of the finished part, are obtained In a shorter or equivalent cycle time, Moreover, it becomes possible to deposit the material at a lower preheat temperature, thus with a greater safety margin with respect to its degradation temperature. This also brings addltionai energy savings and allows even quicker cooling.

Ail of these improvements enable significant increases in the fine I quality obtained, over all criteria (minimum: Thickness achievable, quality of the surface condition, sharpness and quality of details such as ribbing, bosses, etc,)

The device according to the invention is even more effective wlien the presence: of the two air gaps 20 and 22 has the: effect of concentrating the magnetic flow within them, which further increases the action of the magnetic field at the molding zones, end thus the inductive energy brought to the surface of the molding zones,

The air gaps 20, 22 also make it possible to limit the influence of the geometry and/or distribution of the Inductors on the resulting heating, because the: air gaps have the: effect of distributing: the energy from the inductors: more evenly - Thus, inductive turns: irregularly spaced over a given length along the mold have practically the same effect as the sarnemuoiher of inducdve turns distributed regularly over the same length. It: iS: noted that, in contrast, a convention a! configuration with a coil inductor and an electrically conductive load without air gap produces: an uneven energy distributien, the energy received by ties load presenting a local maximum perpendicular to each inductive torn,. This possibility of having ah unequal distribution of inductor turns is particularly advantageous because, In the device that Is ttm subject of the'invention, the Inductive turnsrsufround the mold; and it can: he equipped with a number of protruding elements* such as rising spacers, ejectors, etc, A: larger clearance can therefore be left between two turns,, whan; neuessnry, without affecting the quality of the heating, m@ corn 18 imposes relatively few constraints on its design anti entasis a negligible addlilonai in relMlon to the rest of the device, Indeed, the core 18 can he designed in one piece, produced for example by molding or forging., and it requires m particular surface eanditlonChOi being intended to he in nontect with the material to be molded): and therefore no costly machining,ln addition, the: mechanieei forces applied to the core: 18 during the heating phase are low, which imposes few constraints on its mechanical strength, and thus leaves considerable freedom in choosing the material it is made of. In most caseSi the core 18 wiii also have a smaller thickness compered to the two mold bodies, which: again reduces the manufscturing cost or the core 58, and more generally of the device according to the invention. The cost of a core is also negligible compared to the cost of producing a compression chamber allowing the die and punch to be electrically Insulatedwhile achieving the desired sealing.

Since the core's primary function; is to delimit two air gaps within device 1, its shape Is less constrained than the molding cones. It can therefore he given a shape that is not strictly complementary to those of the molding zones of the die and the punch (as shown in figure 1) but, instead, can be remote from it from place to place so as to define specific air gap .shapes. It is also possible to design the two air gaps independently, especially to obtain various heating offsets between the punch and the die (e,g, to heat the die more than the punch, etc.|.

An example of a design adapted to the shape of the air gaps is described below. As the shape of the surfaces 181, 182 of the core 18 located opposite the molding zones 14, i-5 can he relatively independent of the shape of the molding cones, this possibility can he used to finely tune the heating obtained· by varying the Ihductiveiand resistive phenomena. In particular, the width of the air gap: can be varied to avoid local under* healingund/ordverheating phenomena, As ail exam pie, figures 4 a arid 4b-show a detail of the device 1 snowing the die IQ and the; core: 18, and the flow of the magnetic field in the air gap 20 generated induCfcdri* ifpm:4¾ ah air gap; 20 of constant::

Width end it is noted that whendhls is hot; linear, the; flow lines are more concentrated; inside, the cume; described by the air gap than outside, because the magnetic flow takes ttepath of least reluctance* pyerheabhg and under-heating therefore occur at these; locations, respectively inside; and outside the cbrye. Figure 4b shews the same air gap 20, but with a width that is not constant, aspeciaiiy a width that is varied locally in pieces where the air gap describes a;;carve, Pepending on circumstances, an Increase or decrease in this thickness makes if possible to correct the uneven distribution of rnagnetic flow seettin figure; 48:, Thus it;is noted in figure 4b that the; flow distribution is uniform.

The material used to form: the core 18 is advantageously nonmagnetic with., preferably, a low electrical resistivity such: as, far copper or aluminum. This makes it eossihle to avoid energy losses aa for as pessifefe ·|| dgntoiiaafy:* In meet applications, to heat the core Id, The currents induced iy thee magnetic field will indeed go across and slightly heat; the core made of a non magnetic material, but almost all the energy generated by the inductors will he injected into the die and the punch. For example,, if the core 18 Is made of aluminum, the energy it receives represents about 5% of the energy injected into the die 10 and the punch 11. Depending go circumstances,, the core may be composed of different materials on Its two faces or a single face (e.g. thanks to inserts), thus allowing the resistive and Inductive phenomena (and thus the temperatures obtained) to be finely and locally controlled.

In order to minimise energy losses In the die IS and the punch %%, these two elements can be made In two: portions: one portion ^respectively 101 for the die and 111 for the punch), including the associated molding zone 14, 16, comprises a magnetic material, possibly having a Curie point, A second portion (respectively 102 for the die and 122 for the punch) composes a nonmagnetic or-weakly magnetic compound. The magnetie materiai forming the portions 1.01, 111 comprising the molding cones 14, 16 preferably has an electrical resistivity greater than that of copper, such as steel alloys based on nickel, Chromium and/or titanium, for instance, A significant eiectrice) resistivity of the molding cone is ah advantage because It allows more efficient Induction heating, However, it should he noted that the magnetic permeability of the material also affects the efficiency of the induction heating, Portions 102, 122, not including the molding woes, comprise a material achieving a good compromise between mechanical chafoctefistlcs and electriOii and magnetic properties. As a matter of foct, in order to limit the energy losses in these two portions located behind the molding zones and thus focus ail the heating action at the surfaces of the molding zones, the material constituting portions 102, 122 should also be weakly magnetic and have as low a resistance as possible, while providing the necessary mechanical strength to withstand the significant and repeated forces: of the molding phases, To this end, stain less steel and copper represent interesting selections· in a variant, the die 1.0 end the punch :1.2 may be produced according to the method described in international patent: application: no, WO 2007/031660. Thus, the die 10 and the punch 12, including their respective molding zones:,. wilt be made edfItaly from a magnetic material, while the faces of the die and the punch located opposite induction means will fee covered withe shielding layer made of a hon-magnetic: material such as copper, except for the surfaces of the molding zones 14, 16, In this configuration, the shielding is such that its thickness is greater than the electromagnetic field's penetration depth. Thus, the induced warrants flow in the shielding layer, causing very little heating and jittle energy less, except at the location of the molding aone!s surface, where the material Is very mactice fa inductlou heating.

Tiie device shewn In figures 1 and 2 Is provided with a cooling: system to allow the production or shaping of parts by heating; at a high rate, To this end, a network Of channels (respectively 21 add; 2d) is provided in the die; 10 and in the punch allowmg a coolant ^to he circulated in; the;vicinity of the molding areas' surfaces. Very gos#:CooPng: thusvobtainedpfirst hacayse the: metal mold body is thermally very conductive;,, and secondly because the channels: cap: be placed as close as possible to the sorfaces of the molding sones 14, 16, Tins provides very efficient cooling since it is rapid and uniform ever the entire part.

In seine cases, the core v#b&amp;!si# M With a cooling system, also lathe form of channels; 22, visible ln::figore:;ii Indeed, eyen: if lit: is not heated very much.,: it; can: reach a very high temperature altera certain number of cycles (cooling may also only be Implemented only after a specified number of cycles).

As descnhed above, me inductors 30 are in two separable portions 32, 34 secured respectively to the die 10 and the punch 1.2, which allows rapid removal of the part after molding, and therefore contributes to a high production speed, During the heating phase, the two portions 32, 34 of the Inductor network is provided by electrical contactors 36. These electficai contactors allow large displacement while maintaining electrical continuity between the two separable portions, Indeed, to power the inductors when the gem: IS Is inserted teween^The die IQ and the punch 12,· it is necessary to have a displacement that can exceed ten centimeters. Thus, in the example in; igure % each con 36 is provided with a male element 360 secured to the lower portion 32, this male member sliding in a female element 362 secured to the upper portion m. The electrical contact between the male element 360 and the female element 162 Is provided, for example, by elastic metal strips 364, arranged inside the female element 362 and enclosing the male element 360. In the example., the female element i$; extended by a cavity in the upper portion 34 to secure the; necessary displacement.

The device according to the invention also allows materials to he preheated in situ, i.e. directly in the mold,Preheating the material #! sdW1¾ for example, useful for certain composite niateflaSs that are in the form of a rigid;; plate when cold and whichmeed to be preheated so thalfhalr shape can be changed correctly. In this way the material and the molding device are- preheated simultaneously, Tor this purpose; the material is pieced on the die 10 and the core 18 is placed against the material. To improve the efficiency of this preheating phase, it Is advantageous to cover the core face in contact with the catena! with aicenfact dbaihg,jgocM PilCdne, rm core 18 pressure m the material, toimprove; contact between the hot dieapd the material, end: thus the thermal conduction (however, In the absence of eontaeti ebhVhiCtloh between the hie and the port is sufficiently effective to heat the material), In the ease of an i!Mi| conductive pert (e.g, materials containing cirbon flder#;thls coating eiidwe: the cote to foe electricaiiy IhsuSeted,

In a variant of the invention:, applicable both to; only preheating device 1 and to m situ preheating, the core 18 is made of a materiel allowing heating by radiation. For this purpose, such a material must have high thermal radiation when heated, tor example a material having an emissiyity greater than 0.7, such as graphite, Such a mate rial is eieotricaliy conductive, which thus makes it possible to always ensure the primary function of the core according to the invention (foe. deiimiting two air gap J* but when Its lampetatute rises due to the flow of Induced currents it wilt heat the die and the punch by radiation. If to s/to preheating is carried: out via a radiant core, the core will Pe placed in dose proximity to, and not in direct contact with, the matoriai to be preheated, in another variant, the use ef a metal core 18 is provided:, taking advantage of heating by thermal convection. The core will therefore foe pieced in dose proximity to (hut not In contact with) the die and the punch in the :!Ip preheated or to the material and the punch in the case where the material is preheated to mtm, Advantageously, the core 18 wsil be made of a material that is magnetic and/or has a high electrical re$<stivity, so that it is heate##tpi!p«fcly through the action of the induction means.

Claims (10)

1. izabadalbil igenypentok

   1, Sajtölo :bereedez4s (1); aoyag Makliisara, araeiy taEafmak: - eay als#;sagtoiofosrnat (10)., vagy mntrlcat, am«ly yijlamosan vezeto anyagbol van kiaialdtva, es tartaltnaz egy sajteiasi Zenit (141, ameiy erintkezik es alaytainl: Mvant anyaggai; - egy felso saltoiofomiai 112), vagypatrlcet:, amely Villamesaa vezeto anyaghol vM> klalakitva, es lartalniaa ngy sajtoiisi zonät (16), afnely anjiitkezjkaz alafcitanl lavsnt anvaggal; - agy eitayejltbatd kbzbansg darabot (18), vagy rngfdl, amely viliamösan vezeto anybgbd! van klsiakifcya, es a maia (10) 4s a patrlea (13) kOZOfet van elbelyezve; - azza! jeiiemezve, hogy a mabicat (10), a patricat (12) es a közbenso darabot (18) körüivevö, mägneses rnezöt eloalliianl kepes indukdos egzköze (30) van; ez a barem elem vülamosan pa renken! ei van szlgatleye egymaslbi ugy, hogy egyreszt. a kezbenso darab (IE) es a matrica (10) szernkdztl feluietei, es rnasreszt. a közbenso darab (18) es a patrica (12) szemközd felületel ket legres! (20, 22) hatarolnak, amelyen a migneses meze atbalad, es amely aramot Indukal a malrfea (10) is a patrica (12) ssjtolasi zönafnafc ; (14, 16) feiüieten, am! iebatove leszl az Induktörek hatasanak loksilzalasat a sajtolass zonak (14, 16) felüietere, 2, Μ: 1 < igidypent ssennli Perendezis, amelynei a nlagneses mezn iital. atjarhate: ekek; (34:) blztosiljfk a; vlllamos szigetelest egyreszt a niatijea (10) es a kozbense darab (i&amp;|iközbtt}:. misraszt pediga kdzbenso darab (18) es apatzlea (12) fcOzött,
2. 3, AZ 1, vagy 2, igenypont szerlivbSbapendezis, amelynii az a ket sajtelPfbrroa (10, 12) sajtolis! zonal (14, 10) egy zart kamrfc piiÄO egy komptesszids kamrit kepeznek,
3. 4, Az l - 3, igenyponi.ok barmeiylke szeilob Pervodezlp, ameiynei a ket sajtoloforma (10, 12) legalahb egylkenek sajtöiisi zbnajat (14, 16) rnagaba fogiakS resz (101, 121} tartalmaz Pgy migbesss vegyuleteb imeiynek eünyösan nagy relativ magneses penrsesbilitasa es villamos eilenallasaivan, peldaul nikkel, krem es/vagy titin alapu nceit 5, A 4. igenypont szennil baraadezifs, amelyb#! a ket sajioloforma (10,, 12) legaläbb egylkenek resz.e (102, 123) eitere anyagot tartaimaz a sajtoiasi zonat (14, 16) körülvevd riszbez (ioi, ! 2i) kipess., koidneseo nero magaeses aaya|et vagy klsse ailgneses: anyagot, peldaui rozsdamentes acelt, ®« Az i - 3. Sgipypontök barmeiySke be^ndeg|s?: ameSyhaS: a kit sa)tg1aferma; :ξ%% 11} iegaSlbh ^yifce fcartalroaz egy frviggestas tnyagot:i: amelypek sz rndbMfbs aszklgsej (30} fzisfilkögts öSdalas,. a sajtolasi iddlfe |14, 16} fkiäiatamek kiyetaiaya!,: ba varyiafc ypbya; ©gy: aem magaeses anyag! ataylMja reteggak amely magakadllyakaaiS: magnases; pgegö aahatolaaät a sajtoSöfhfftmba, 7v Az elozö igenypöi|tok b|mi#ySke ggennb bgrepdegis, amatyall: a kbzbtpsi darab (li) tartainw. egy nesidslgpasas apyagat, elopyisee kss vlSSamöS atiebilSisy apyagok peldiuS siuminiurnot. 8. &amp;g aügo sflnypontok barmilylka pzaHaö bsreade|iif abieSygis a Mgbensd darab tastalmaäegy eHetkego bavo na tat, güdäul sglliköa: bavodatot;,

   3, Az 1 ~ 6. iganypöntbk barmaiyika sgaribtS: berendeges, amalyna! a közbansö darab (:18} tartaimaz egy 0,7-nel pagyobb emisszios tenyezojü anyaget:, peSdatb grabtet
4. 10, Ag eldgd igenypontok birmelySke sgerinb iisrendezis,· ameiynel a kat sajtoidfprraa (10, 12) fegafähb tgylke tartsSznag; agy hötdcsatoma haSözatot (28; 28).
5. 11, Az etözo igänypontok birmeiyke szennls herendezis, amgfyneS a kozbenso darab tartalpag egy hdtöcsaiorna haiozatoc (27),
6. 12, Az elozö igenypontok barrnelylke szerinb amelypi! az indukckSs eszközza! eibaSSS'tott magpeses mezö F frekvencibja legaiähb 10 kHz äs elbnyösen iegfeljebb 100 kHz.
7. 13, Az efbzo igenyponlok bbrrneiyike szerinb berendezes,. amelyne! az Sndukdos eszkbzpö) Mt (32, 34) «aimag, amelyek a matncdbag: (12): es a felso testheg (20) vannak rögzitve.
8. 14, ESjäras az 1-13 igenypontok barroelylke sxennti befendezis eiimalegitesira;; ahoi az eljaras a kövatkazo Sipeseket tartairnazza: - a matflca (10) es a pafcsica (12) kögött közbensö darabot (18) heiyezünk ei; “ vkSaMbsan piropkipt eteigeteyuk a kizbens# darabet (18) äs a Mt sa}lbi0fbrpiat (.10, 12) annak erdekebery, hogy egyriszt a k&amp;hensi darab (18) es a matrica (10) szemközd feiüSeteg es fpasrisgt a feigbebsö darafo (1.8) es a painca (12) szemközb feSüSetei Mt; Sigrist (20, .22) Pataroijanak; * s indakciös Äih©iy«^Äi::mPWcät (12), a pstncii (12) is s köabepso clarabot (18) körüivevö magnasas mezo iafcrehözasahoz; ugy hpgy a roagneses m«2o atjarja a ket legreat 120, 22) es aramot (10) | patncai (12) sajlpfisi s6n#siiak (14, 16) felületen, iehetövi teve a sa)toläss conak (14, 16) fblblatsb m eiafnalägltes lokallsalasat
9. 15, Sajtoi#as eljaräs, amely m alabbi üpeseket tartaimaxza: - a sajtolo bersndeäest eiomelegitjuk a 14., igenypont s^armii eljarasssl; - eltavolltjuk a közbenso darabot (18) a sajtofo herendeaesböi; - M ägyfk aajtbioföfdiara rabc-lyezzük a sajtolni kivänt anyagot (40); - a ket sajtoioforma kösött ayoroas ala belyezve aajtoijuk az anyagoi ;(4Q); - Mitpk a sajtoloformat; ~ klyesszük a megsiÄfdyjt: muakadaraböt,
10. 16, Sajtolasi eljaras,. amely az alabbi lepiseket tartalmazxa: - a sajtokS berendezest alorbalb§lti;ök a 14, igenypemt saarltib apriasai; eloeoleg egy sajtolnl kiVant arvyagot (40) a matnca (10) 4s a közbenso darab (18) ksze belyazaük; - aiayoll|)bk a köabensö clarabot (18) a ssjtold berendexesbol; ·> a k4| sa)taldforib4 köeött: ayomas ala heiyezve sagtoljuk az agyagöt (40); “ lehut)ük a saitoloformat; ~ klvesszuk a magszilardgli munkadaraböt,