HU219842B - Concrete unit template for louvre serving for producing slotted channel elements, method and apparatus for producing channel elements and channel element - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a slab formwork for the production of slotted channel stones for a concrete slab template, for the production of apparatus and process channel stones, and for the resulting channel stone. The abutment block (10) comprises two jaws (11, 12) which are spaced apart from one another by a top wall (13) so as to define a space (C) between them. The concrete element template (10) comprises a single core (21) for forming a cavity (E). The cavity (E) is not fully inserted in the space (C) between the jaws (11, 12). The apparatus for producing channel stones includes a moving frame (40) and a concrete slab template (10) according to the invention. During the steps of the process for producing channel stones, the soil mixture is formed with a foundation for the channel stone. A cannula-shaped concrete slab template according to the invention is placed, the abetonel template is filled with concrete to form the channel stone, and the concrete slab template is removed from the channel stone extrusion before the concrete is bound. The channel stone has an approximately horizontal topsheet (34) and includes an inner cavity (38) which communicates with the environment outside the channel belt through the slit (37) in the topsheet (34). The cavity (38) has an oblong cross section and an elongate curved section (385, 386) of both sides of the slit (37) on its upper part, having a height (k) greater than the horizontal extension (l). ŕ

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a slab formwork for producing slab formwork for concrete slabs, to an apparatus and a method for producing slabs, and to a slab form.

Split trusses are systems for removing rainwater on the road network, and especially on motorways. The dimensions of the channel stones depend on the volume of water to be removed. Split link stones generally have a rectangular cross-section with a circular cavity in the center for the flow of water. The slit at the top allows drainage water to penetrate inside the headstone. This is where the channel stone got its name from the split tile.

The dimensions of the channel stones correspond to the outlet height. The diameter of the circular cavity is most often 300 mm or 400 mm. Larger or smaller sizes are possible with the special application of link stones.

So far, split curbstones have been manufactured either as prefabricated elements or on site by sliding formwork machines. In the latter case, two different production processes were used.

In the first such process, a formwork is used. The formwork may be permanent or removable. The remaining formwork is expensive and takes a long time to complete. Removable formwork can be, for example, an inflatable pipe. This is also disadvantageous because it requires additional material for preparation. In this type of process, the channel must be opened by sawing.

The second type of newer method does not use formwork, but uses wedges to hold the arching stone of the headstones. The treatment of these wedges represents an additional operation which slows down the production of slit staples and results in non-uniform quality staples.

A conventional template or method is known from FR 2644098.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide means for producing slit staples that overcome the aforementioned disadvantages.

According to the present invention, this object is solved by comprising a concrete block template for producing slit staple stones, comprising two jaws which form opposing side walls of a concrete block which are spaced apart by an upper wall and thus define a space between them. a casting core for forming a cavity open at the top. The core is held by the upper wall in the space between the jaws.

The casting core is positioned in the concrete block template so that the concrete that the concrete block template is filled with when making the trowel is not completely blocked. Thus, a slit formed in the headstone is formed in the upper portion of the cavity without the need for sawing later to open the slit and without the need to insert and remove wedges to hold the arc stone of the headstone.

In addition, the concrete element template according to the invention has the following features which, individually and in all technically possible combinations, are the subject of the invention:

the die core is formed by a cylindrical body having a neck portion at the top;

- the cylindrical body has an elongated cross-section and has on each side of the neck an approximately ellipse-shaped curved section having a height greater than its horizontal extent;

this shape of the die core is preferably configured to allow for the production of a slit bucket stone; the shape is further selected so that the concrete can flow from one part of the slit to the other without closing the slit when moving the concrete element template;

the neck portion being configured to receive at least one pin securing the die core under the top wall of the concrete block template;

the concrete element template includes a structure for adjusting the height and pitch of the casting core;

- the distance between the jaws of the concrete slab is adjustable;

- the height of the jaws of the concrete slab can be adjusted by means of hoists.

The problem is solved by the apparatus for producing slit staple stones comprising a moving chassis and a concrete element template according to the invention.

In a preferred embodiment of the device for producing slit staples, there is a lockable hopper and at least one vibrator in addition to the concrete element template according to the invention. The chassis is mounted on height-adjustable wheels. Advantageously, the height position of the wheels can be individually adjusted for each wheel.

The problem with respect to the process for producing cleavage rock stones on soil is first to provide a foundation for the rock stone in the soil. Then, a tile-producing concrete element template according to the invention is placed there, the concrete element template is filled with concrete to form a tile stone, and the concrete element template is removed before the concrete is cured to produce the tile stone.

The concrete used to carry out the process of the invention is generally conventional concrete. However, the concrete element template of the present invention can be used more efficiently and can be accelerated using concrete additives.

The removal of the headstone from the concrete element template depends in part on the material of the casting core. The material of the casting core also influences the appearance and drainage capacity of the headstone. Thus, the casting core made of non-rusting steel provides a better smoothness of the concrete and thus a smoother surface of the cavity. This allows a better drainage of water when using the headstone.

The width and height of the concrete element template according to the invention are adjustable. In addition, the mold core is generally interchangeable. Casting cores of different heights can be used, which allows you to use the headstone

EN 219 842 Β various internal sections should be provided. Thus, the same concrete element template can be used for different sized duct stones.

Accordingly, the concrete element template of the present invention allows for easy and fast casting of split cavity stones using a concrete element template that can be adapted to different internal and external dimensions of the curb stone.

The object of the present invention with respect to the headstone is that the headstone, which has an approximately horizontal upper face and has an inner cavity which is connected to the environment outside the headstone through a slot on the upper face, has an elongated cross-section, and, on the upper portion, on each side of the slit, comprises a section of curved curve of approximately elliptical shape having a height greater than its horizontal extent.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the exterior of the present invention has a trapezoidal and tapered exterior, the inner cavity being approximately oval. The upper part of the cavity may be narrower than the lower part.

The slit is generally formed by a parallelepipedal channel having a height. However, this height can be very small, possibly zero.

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a concrete element template according to the invention, a

Figure 2 is a detail of a bucket stone produced in the concrete element template of Figure 1, a

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the headstone of Fig. 2, a

Fig. 4 is a machine for making a tile stone according to the present invention

Figure 5 is a rear view of the machine of Figure 4.

The slab formwork 10 for slip formwork slabs comprises two jaws 11, 12 which form opposite sides of the slab 10, and an upper wall 13 which holds the jaw 11, 12 at a distance from each other and thus provides a space C delimited.

The jaws 11, 12 are approximately parallel to each other in length, and are preferably slightly inclined downwardly so that the cross-section of the completed headstone is in the form of an upwardly trapezoidal shape.

The height and width of the concrete element template 10 can be adjusted to produce different outer size buckling stones. For this purpose, the jaws 11,12 are provided with a sliding wall 17,18, which are slidably mounted on the bottom and / or 12 jaws. The height of the jaws 11, 12 and the sliding walls 17, 18 is mounted on the respective flange of the upper wall 13 and is supported by a lifting device 19,20 driving the bar 29 (see Fig. 1) or alternatively by the jaws 19A, 20A lifting mechanism (see figure 5). The width of the concrete element 10 template can be adjusted in the same way.

The number and type of lifting devices are chosen depending on the concrete application of the concrete block template.

Hydraulic lifting devices are generally used as they are easy to operate. This is particularly the case where the concrete element template is an integral part of a machine for the production of slit staple to be described later.

Concrete element template 10 includes a casting core 21 which allows cavity E to be formed inside the C space of concrete element template 10.

Casting core 21 is a substantially cylindrical member extending about a geometric axis 22. The core 21 has an elongated cross-section and is oval or elliptical with good approximation.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the die core 21 has a first lower portion 23. This core 23 is a cylindrical body about the geometric axis 22. This forms the body of the headstone, which ensures the drainage of water. The second, upper core portion 24 of the cast core 21 is a parallelepipedal neck portion located above the first core portion 23. The core portion 24 forms the slit of the headstone, which collects the stream water. The geometric axis 22, which is the longitudinal axis of the cylinder, is parallel to the plane of the jaws 11 and 12.

The width of the second upper core portion 24 of the core 21 corresponds to a predetermined width of the slit to be produced. In addition, it is selected so that the core portion 24 can accommodate the pins 25 and 26 with which the core 21 is connected to the upper wall 13.

In the embodiment of Fig. 1, the upper wall 13 has two holes 27 and 28 located in the longitudinal axis of symmetry D of the upper wall 13, into which the pins 25, 26 are inserted when the casting core 21 is connected to the wall 13.

Alternatively, the upper wall 13 is provided with pins 27A and 28A outside the longitudinal symmetry axis D. This allows an asymmetrical fastening of the core 21 under the upper wall 13. Such a variant of the casting core 21 inside the concrete element template 10 is shown in Figure 5.

The pins 25 and 26 are preferably threaded and long enough to control the level of the casting core 21 relative to the ground on which the concrete element template 10 is placed.

As an alternative to this embodiment, the pins 25 and 26 can be replaced by hydraulically adjustable structures that allow the predetermined level of the cavity to be maintained regardless of any change in the level of the soil.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the upper wall 13 is a flat plate. However, without departing from the spirit of the invention, it can be realized as two wall portions 14 and 15, which are slightly inclined to the symmetry axis D through the pins 27A, 28A. The two wall portions 14, 15 thus form a wide-angle, symmetrical or asymmetrical V-shape.

Fig. 2 shows a brace 30 produced in a concrete element template according to the invention. This channel stone 30 has a base plate 31, two side panels 32 and 33

HU 219 842 Β and a 34 cover plate. The clamping stone 30 is located on the motherboard 31. The side panels 32 and 33 are slightly inclined inward relative to the vertical. The two panels 35 and 36 of the topsheet 34 are slightly inclined relative to the horizontal and thus form an open V-shape. Slabs 35 and 36 are separated by slit 37. The slit 37 is in communication with the cavity 38 inside the clavicle 30. The cavity 38 has an upper cavity portion 381 and a lower cavity portion 382. The upper cavity portion 381 may be connected by a straight side panel 383, 384 to the lower cavity portion 382 (see Figure 3).

The ends of the buckle 30 are bounded by transverse plates, of which only the transverse plate 39 is shown in Figure 2. The water led to the cavity 30 collects at the slit 37 through which the cavity 38 enters.

The transverse face 39 of the tile 30 is the same shape as the cross section of the tile 30 shown in FIG. This is an approximately trapezoidal shape, the upper side of which has a wide aperture V-shape and its apex is in the slit 37.

The side panels 32, 33 are inclined relative to the vertical to facilitate removal of the channel stone 30 from the template and to prevent deformation of these panels if the concrete element template is moved before the concrete is completely cured. The inclination angle i is small and the width reduction is generally less than 5% of the height h of the side panel 33.

By way of example, it is mentioned that a headstone having a height h of about 60 cm and a base b width of about 45 cm has a width s of about 40 cm on the topsheet 34.

If such a travertine is formed to a hydraulic cross section of about 75 liters / m (the proportion of the volume of the cavity 38 per 1 m of the travertine), then the travertine sidewalls and base have a minimum thickness d of about 10 cm.

The shape of the upper cavity portion 381 is selected such that the channel stone may be formed without a wedge for retaining the cavity sealing stone and such that the slit 37 will not close when the concrete element template is moved before the concrete is cured. For this purpose, the upper cavity 381 has, on each side of the slit 37, an approximately elliptical curved section 385, 386. Each arc has a height greater than the horizontal deflection of the arc. The projection p of one of the edges 371 of the slit 37 is between 0 and 20 cm and is generally less than 10 cm with respect to the corresponding side panel 383 on the same side.

The contour of the lower cavity portion 382 is approximately circular in shape. The shape of the cavity 38 described above is specifically designed to avoid the use of wedges during manufacture. The height of the cavity may vary to allow greater throughput.

Figure 2 shows a buckling stone of symmetrical geometry with a slit located in the center of the topsheet 34 and having a slant of the topsheet 35 and 36 of the topsheet 34 relative to the horizontal. However, it is also possible that the slit 37 is located closer to one side of the headstone rather than in the middle of the headstone cover. The slopes 35 and 36 of the topsheet 34 may have different slopes.

An apparatus for producing slit staple stones, as shown in FIGS. 6a, a frame 40 carrying a concrete element template 10, a hopper 50 connected to the frame 40 by flexible connectors 51 and a vibrator 60 mounted on the frame 40. The hopper 50 is connected to the chassis 40 so that the chassis 40 is advanced during operation of the apparatus.

The chassis 40 includes a portal 43, the main elements of which are the slab 44 for supporting the concrete element 10, the columns 45 and 46 with wheels 41,42,47 and 48, and the gear motor 62 for operating the apparatus, finally mounted on the chassis 40. a sliding handle 63 provided to the operator.

The width of the slab 44 is selected such that the concrete element template 10 can be disposed and secured thereon in the disassembled state. Incidentally, the concrete element template 10 is mounted under the panel 44 in the middle part of the top wall 13 of the concrete element template 10, preferably such that the width of the concrete element template 10 can be varied without removing the concrete element template 10 from the chassis.

The chassis can be moved on the wheel 41,42 to facilitate the movement of the apparatus for producing slit staples. The wheels can be mounted on the chassis so that their height position can be varied. Thus, the equipment can be adapted to a variety of application applications, for example, for the production of paving stones at roadways lower than the adjacent terrain. This adjustment of the height of the wheels allows the chassis to lie on one side of the carriageway already completed and on the other side of the terrain at a level different from that of the carriageway.

The hopper 50 rests on wheels 52, 53, the height of which can be adjusted in the same way as the wheels 41 and 42 of the chassis 40.

In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the hopper 50 is mounted on the chassis 40 without forming a movable unit on its own.

The hopper 50 may also be provided with a longitudinal slide 54, 55. The slides 54 and 55 are positioned vertically at the bottom of the hopper 50 and extend deeper than the wheels 52, 53. These slides 54, 55, the width of which may be adjustable, contribute to the guiding of the hopper 50, and thus to the guiding of the entire tile-making device along the edges of the T pit in which the tile is to be produced.

The guide means formed by the slides 54 and 55 may be complemented by a suitable slider 49 mounted on the chassis 40 near the wheel 41,42 and possibly by another slider not shown near the wheels 47,48. The slider 49 serves to cooperate with a guide rail R located along the edge of the pit T or on the ground on which the travertine is to be produced.

The vibrator 60 is formed by a plurality of inertial vibrators whose vibrations are generated either by a motor 61 or a plate connected to the vibrators. For example, the plate is excited by an eccentric rotary member which is driven by a motor 61

EN 219 842 Β operating. The plate 44 is then formed according to the selected vibrator 60.

The height of the columns 45 and 46 and the range of adjustment of the height of the chassis 40 by varying the heights of the wheels 41, 42, 47, 48 are chosen depending on the possibility of varying the height of the sidewalls of the concrete block 10 and independently adjusting the height of the wheels 41, 42, 47, 48. a.

The concrete element template 10 for the production of slit staple stones and the equipment with the concrete element template 10 for the production of slit staple stones are intended, in principle, to produce the seam elements 30 on site, i.e. road construction sites. For this purpose the soil is prepared by excavation and leveling. Then, the apparatus with the concrete element template 10 is replaced, the position of the concrete element template 10 and the casting core 21 are adjusted, and then concrete is poured into the concrete element template 10. The apparatus is continuously moved forward and thus the channel stone is produced by extrusion.

If the paving stone is to be made along an existing pavement, which is then lower than the surrounding ground, the concrete element template 10 is placed at a certain lateral distance from the finished pavement and adjusts the height of the sliding walls 17,18. Then, the production of the headstone is started as described.

Reference numerals after the technical features mentioned in the claims are for the sole purpose of ease of understanding thereof and are not intended to limit their scope in any way.

Claims (12)

PATENT CLAIMS A concrete slab template for sliding formwork for the production of slit jointing stones, comprising two jaws (11, 12) which form opposite side walls of the concrete slab spaced apart by an upper wall (13) and defining a space (C) therebetween. characterized in that it comprises a sliding casting core (21) for forming a cavity (E) open at the top with a slit (37) which is held by a core portion (24) fixed to the upper wall (13) in the jaws. (11, 12) in space (C). Concrete element template according to claim 1, characterized in that the casting core (21) consists of a core part (23) of a cylindrical body and a core part (24) of a tapering neck part at its upper part. Concrete element template according to claim 2, characterized in that the cylindrical core part (23) has an elongated cross-section and has a single elliptical curved section (385, 386) on each side of the neck part (24), having a height (k) greater than its horizontal extent (1). Concrete element template according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the core part (24) formed as a neck part is formed by receiving at least one pin (25) by which the casting core (21) is secured under the upper wall (13). it is. 5. A concrete element template according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a regulating device which allows the adjustable height mounting of the casting core (21). 6. A concrete element template according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the distance between the jaws (11,12) is adjustable. 7. A concrete element template according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the height of the jaws (11, 12) of the concrete element template can be adjusted by means of lifting means (19, 20). 8. An apparatus for producing slit staples, comprising a moving chassis (40) and a device according to claims 1-7. A concrete element template (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a lockable hopper (50) and at least one vibrator (60) and that the chassis (40) is mounted on adjustable height wheels (41,42,47,48). . 10. A process for the production of split caverns in soil, comprising: - making a foundation for the headstone in the soil, - replace it with 1-7. A concrete element template for the production of slit staple stones according to any one of claims 1 to 4, filling the concrete element template with concrete to form the channel stone, and - removing the precast concrete template by extruding the rock prior to setting the concrete, characterized in that the concrete precast (10) is provided with an elliptical top-rounding core (21). A headstone having an approximately horizontal topsheet (34) and having an inner cavity (38) communicating with the extracellular environment through a slit (37) in the topsheet (34), characterized in that the cavity ( 38) has an elongated cross-section and has an elliptical curved section (385,386) on its upper side at both sides of the slit (37) having a height (k) greater than its horizontal extent (1). The buckling stone of claim 11, characterized in that the outside of its cross-section is trapezoidal and tapering, the inner cavity (38) is approximately oval and the upper cavity portion (381) is narrower than the lower cavity portion (382).