HU215189B - Small arm and a lock with totating locking bar - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a firearm which comprises a tube (I), a capercaillie (2), a stove-connecting container (4) and a gripper (6), a steam-engaging trigger and a cap (3) attached to the capital (2). ) has a filling opening and a discharge opening formed therein, and the trigger device and the gripper (6) are disposed between the filling opening and the discharge yoke in the displaced position of the firearm. The present invention further relates to a high-end shut-off system shut-off system comprising a sealing device (13), a closing head (15) guided therein, a trigger control element (15), and a control element (16) associated with a forced path (19) and a body (19). 13) the lock (24) holding the lock head (15) in its open state is engraved, which is the end of the closed end (19) at the end end position (13) of the closure body (13) as an actuator element in the terminal strip, further in the lock head (15) and between the closed body (13), the head (15) can be torched in the closing direction, and an energy barrier (22) is wound from the turning head (15) along the reversing path. The present invention is advantageously used as a first-rate repeater and self-priming firing element, or a firearm, for firing a 100 mm-thick cartridge. ŕ

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a handgun comprising a barrel, a barrel, a barrel and a handle attached thereto, a trigger mechanism and an ink attached to the barrel, and a cartridge opening and discharge opening, and a rotary locking system, it comprises a guided locking head, a locking means which rotates the locking head, and the control means is associated with a forced path formed in the housing. In particular, the present invention is advantageously used as elements for repeating and reloading or long firing rifles firing ammunition longer than 100 mm.

The workpiece for the chemical conversion of firearms using chemical energy is the tube. This is where the tensile force of the gases produced by the firing of the firing powder gases - accelerates the projectile. All other structural elements of the firearm serve this process, or as a result of this process, the reliable targeting of the ballistic projectile projectile. It can be stated that the effect of the projectile on the target is strongly dependent on the mouth energy of the given firearm and increases proportionally if the mouth energy increases. The size of the estuary energy is basically determined by the length of the tube, and in a given space size. For this reason, increasing the length of the barrel to a reasonable limit, which is determined by the characteristics of the ballistics and the manufacturing capabilities, is certainly desirable, while limiting the length of a firearm is manageable. Introducing the concept of utility efficiency as a percentage of barrel length and weapon length, it follows from this that increasing this index improves the handling of the firearm.

A conventional handgun (such as a repeating or reloading rifle, an automatic rifle, a rifle, etc.) has the following structure (listed from the mouthpiece): barrel, holster, locking device (possibly with retractor), magazine, trigger, ink (or shoulder rest). Given that ergonomic considerations must be taken into account when designing a firearm, increasing the length of the barrel in this arrangement will increase the length of the firearm. However, the conventional design of the firearm includes a large amount of dead space, for example in the ink, where some structural elements may be placed to reduce the length of the weapon, but ergonomic constraints such as the distance between the ink grip and the other they are very limited. These principles are described, for example, in "Jane's Infantry Weapons '92 -93" (Jane's Publishing Company Limited, 223 City Road London ECIV 2PU England).

Based on this recognition, the so-called Bull-pup system small arms, such as the Steyer firearm AUG, were developed, see W. Η. B. Smith: "Small Arms of the World", The Stackpole Company, Harrisburg 1960, where part of the boat, the locking mechanism, the trigger and the magazine were placed in the ink while the position of the magazine and handle were reversed, so the magazine was placed behind the handle, so

They were able to improve efficiency over 60%. At the same time, they have reached the limit of convertibility of the conventional firearm design, since ergonomic features and the combination of structural elements in a single vertical plane no longer allow for significant compression. It should also be borne in mind that in the conventional and well-proven solution, the trigger energy supplying elements of the trigger, such as the impact pin, energy storage element, cock, etc. they are mounted partly in the lock and partly directly behind, and are actuated directly by the trigger key, ergonomically flawlessly fitted to the handle, without gear. However, in the Bull-pup solution, the trigger power supply elements of the trigger can only be away from the handle because the lock is also very distant, but moved backward relative to the handle, but the trigger key position has not changed; which, however, greatly reduces the fineness of firing compared to conventional systems.

Attempts have also been made to insert the magazine not conventionally, i.e. vertically, but 90 degrees, ie horizontally (see STEN), but gaining space, but in this case, due to the mass of the cartridges, a torque is obtained which makes it difficult keeping the firearm on target.

Modem handguns are gaining ground today with large rifles of 1/2 ”or larger in size, which in any case require large barrels - not less than 1 m - for optimum 1 / d ratio, the ratio of pipe length to pipe borehole shall be maintained. However, with conventionally designed rifles, the longer than 1.5m can only have a 0.8m barrel length instead of the ideal 1.1-1.4m, allowing the firearm to be carried at all. The Bullpup design did not bring any significant improvement in this category either (BARRETT M90), with the magazine and launcher in the same plane, vertically with the handle, as described by CJ Marchant Smith, "Small Arms & Cannons," Brassey's Publischers, UK 1981.

It should also be noted that the commonly used pistol grip, which is down in a vertical plane defined by the longitudinal axis of the firearm, is ergonomically incorrect because it would be best for the human hand to have an angle with the same plane. left, right hand design).

The firearm's locking mechanism, when organically connected to the barrel, ensures that the firing process is carried out by, on the one hand, supporting the bottom of the cartridge, preventing rigidly locked systems, proper sealing of gases. It is also the function of the locking device to ensure that a bullet is inserted into the barrel of the barrel before firing,

GB 215 189 Β as well as the removal of the ejected sleeve from there, this is the emptying process.

In rigid lock systems, the barrel and barrel are closed during the firing process until the pressure of the firing powder in the borehole of the barrel drops below a certain level. In conventional rigid locking systems, virtually two structural elements, sized for rigidity or barrel mounting, are used to close the lock, and a locking head mounted in the barrel, which reliably secures locking for thousands of shots.

A very common technical solution is the so-called rotating locking head, whose radially shaped locking claws penetrate through the filling process through the cut-outs between the closed claws to the pipe jig, then rotate around the longitudinal axis of the lock head according to the angle value. reliable locking. During the emptying process, the locking head first rotates until the locking claws are in contact with the grooves of the closed ones, then slides out of the closed ones and slides backward to the bottom of the next cartridge to push it into the filling space while ejecting the fired sleeve.

From the foregoing, it is obvious that the closure must travel at least the length of the cartridge, and that length must be increased by the size determined by the conveyor, and by a safety distance allowing the cartridge to be loaded to be securely retracted, the lock can push it into the filling space. Another important function of the barrel in multi-shot firearms, that is, firearms, is to keep the cartridges in the magazine and allow them to ascend to the filling line only when serving. Due to the size of the placement, in the case of a conventional cocked and impacted cock or impact block solution, the closed body must be at least long enough to prevent the cock or impact block from sticking to the magazine, so it is generally stated that respectively. Therefore, the structurally required length is composed of at least the combined length of the closed body-locking head and the path of the closed body.

In conventional rigid locking rotary lock systems, rotation of the lock head is controlled by a forced path connected to the lock body, so that the lock head not only rotates relative to the lock body, but also moves in a straight forward and backward direction with the lock body. transforms the forced path into a rotating motion. Of course, in order to operate the lock-guided shutterhead, it is necessary to increase the distance of the closed body to the extent determined by the constraint-design, which in certain cases may be up to tens of millimeters. Thus, in this technical solution, the total distance of the lock in the firearm structure is the sum of the distance required for the charge-emptying processes and the distance required to control the lock head, and is increased by the length of the lock mechanism, see "Schützenwaffen heute (1945-1985)", Militarverlag Berlin 1989.

It is an object of the present invention to substantially reduce the length of the firearm, especially for larger calibers, while leaving the barrel unchanged.

The present invention is based on the recognition that, while retaining the unity of the grip and the trigger and thereby providing the most favorable trigger conditions, the prior art vertical positioning solutions defined by the longitudinal axis of the firearm must be interrupted because this structural member can also be positioned close the angle to the vertical plane so that the layout is not limited to the areas before or after the conventional magazine. In this case, the length of the firearm will no longer be determined by the combined length of the dispenser, that is, the magazine and the trigger, but only by the length of the larger one. In addition, the ergonomically necessary grip rotation is easily accomplished.

In the present invention, a small firearm is provided which comprises a barrel, a gripping case, a locking device attached to the latter, a magazine and a handle, a trigger and a pouch attached to the case, and a filling opening and an outlet for the case. This has been further developed in accordance with the present invention such that the firing mechanism and the handle are disposed between the filling opening and the discharge opening in an inverted position in the vertical plane of the firearm.

According to a preferred embodiment of the locking handle arrangement according to the invention, the longitudinal plane of the handle extends at an angle of 7 ° to the vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the pipe bore.

It is further preferred according to the invention that the trigger, the handle and the magazine are arranged in the ink.

The invention is further based on the discovery that, in the case of rotary locking rigid locking firearm systems, the locking travel distance due to forced control can be reduced or completely eliminated if the rotary movement of the locking head is provided by an energy storage system. In addition, the release of energy stored in the energy reservoir for rotating the shutter head can also be accomplished during the movement of the shutter body by a trigger actuated in a particular position of the shutter body. The length of the lock can also be reduced if the barrel covers only the amount of cartridge needed to be securely held in the magazine.

Accordingly, the present invention is based on a locking mechanism having a rotary locking head locking system comprising a lock body, a guide lock guided therein, a control member for rotating the locking head, and the control member is associated with a forced path in the housing. This has been further developed in accordance with the present invention by locally movably engaging the locking latch in the closed body, which engages with the forced track end formed in the housing at the front end position of the closed body as an actuator, and between the locking head and the lock body.

EN 215 189 Β, an energy storage element that receives the actuator energy from a locking head that moves backward along the forced path.

The invention achieves a significant reduction in the length of the arms by the use of simple structural solutions, thereby significantly simplifying their transport, especially in the case of large-caliber rifles, in terms of size.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which an exemplary embodiment of the proposed small arms and a locking device are shown. In the drawing it is

IA. Fig. 2 is a simplified schematic side view of an embodiment of a small firearm according to the present invention;

IB. Fig. 1A is a schematic rear view of the firearm of Fig. 1A;

IC. Figure 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tube tail in Figure 1A;

2A. Fig. 6b shows a simplified schematic side view of a conventional small firearm for comparison purposes, and

2B. 2A. FIG

Figure 3A shows a detail of a possible embodiment of the locking device according to the invention in longitudinal section and simplified,

3B. 3A. Fig. 4a is a sectional view taken along line B-B of the locking device of Fig. a

3C. 3A. Fig. 4a is a sectional view taken along line C-C of the locking device of Fig. a

3D. 3A. FIG

3E. Fig. 4a shows the closed body and the locking head in the locked position;

3F. 3A. Fig. 6A is a detail view of a locking device according to Figs.

1A is a simplified and schematic illustration of one embodiment of the invention. 4A. Figure 1A shows a side view of a small firearm with a long barrel 1, a case 2 for fastening it in a known manner and a ink 3 for fastening in a known manner. The ink 3 has a conventionally mounted magazine 4 adjacent to the position of the present invention and a conventionally mounted trigger 5 and a conventionally attached handle 6. 2A. Figures 1 to 5 show a comparison of a conventional small arms with the same structural elements and dimensions, with like reference numerals designating the same structural elements. 1B. 2B and 2B. Figure 4A is a rear elevation view of the firearm, where differences in layout can be clearly observed. In the figures, the plane 7 of the barrel of the two firearms is in a straight line, which is considered a common base in this description. Based on these 7 planes, IC is depicted. Fig. 2A is a sectional view of the housing 2 with a filling opening 8 and a discharge opening 9. In Fig. 1A, ΔΙ denotes a reduction in the structural length obtained by using the present invention, which in the present case exceeds 20%.

3A-3F. Figures 4 to 5 show a sectional side view and a sectional view of an interesting part of the firearm for the purposes of the invention. 10 shooting directions pointing to the right of the drawing.

3A. In Fig. 1A, a tube 1 known in the conventional manner and capable of being slid backwardly is rigidly connected to a closed 11 and a guide pin 12 which is known to be secured in the closed case 11 prevents the tube from rotating during firing in the case 2, e.g.

Also, the housing 2 has an axially displaceable closure body 13, the rotation of which is prevented by a guide pin 14 which is rigidly inserted in a known manner. The guide pins 14 ensure that the closed body 13 cannot rotate about an axis defined by the downward direction relative to all closed ones. The necessary further positioning of the closure body 13 is provided by a corresponding sliding fit of the closure body 13 and the housing 2.

A locking head 15 is inserted into all closed housings, which is only rotatable in the hole 13 of the locking body, since its axial movement is prevented by a control element 16 which is rigidly fixed to the locking head 15 in a known manner. A guide roller 18 is mounted on the projection 17 of the guide member 16 and is seated in a forced path 19 formed in the housing 2. An energy storage element 22, such as a cylindrical compression spring 22, is inserted in a known manner between the projection 20 of the control element 16 and the projection 21 of the closed body 13.

The shutter 13 and the shutter 15 are connected in a known position to a lock 24 which is pivotally secured to the cutout 23 of the shutter 13 in a known manner. The latch 24 is pushed to one of its outermost positions by a locking spring 25 and is guided by a forced path 19 embedded in the housing. The cartridges 27 below the filling opening 8 of the housing 2, not shown in the figure, are held by the cartridge pressing plate 27 rigidly fixed to the closed body 13 below the filling opening 8, thereby ensuring that the system slides back.

The operation of the system outlined is as follows: In the tube 1, the cartridge not shown in the figure is all closed in FIG. 3B. The locking head 15 locked in position as shown in FIG. 6A is rigidly locked in the position shown in the drawing, i.e. the nails 28 of the locking head 15 engage in the locked nails 29, which is called a rigidly locked system. As a result of the impact of the pin not shown in the figure, the firing process begins and the projectile accelerates - moves in the direction of the projectile 10. Likewise, the tube 1 with its associated parts starts to accelerate in the opposite direction, while at this time the case 2 is considered to be at rest with good approximation. Downhill skiing continues until the system travels down the known downhill skiing path.

At system startup - this is the situation shown in Figures 3B, 3C. and 3D. Fig. 11A is a plan view showing the position of the locking head 15 relative to the closed lugs 11 by the projection of the control projection 30 against the side of the projection 21, while the locking head 15 in this position is

EN 215 189 Β batteries. The outer contact of the latch 24 rests on the inner surface of the housing 2, the inner end of which does not touch the periphery of the locking head 15. In this position, the locking spring 25 is compressed, and it is not required that the guide roller 18 rest on the forced path 19.

In the first phase of the slip, the relative position of the components does not change, that is

Tube I remains rigidly sealed. All that changes is that the outer end of the latch 24 extends into the cutout 31 of the forced path 19 and therefore the inner end rests on the periphery of the locking head 15 (see Fig. 3E).

In the second section of the downhill slide, the guide roller 18 strikes the sloping portion of the forced path 19 and forces the locking head 15 to rotate through the projection 17 and the guide member 16 relative to the closed lugs. The degree of rotation is such that the nails 28 of the locking head 15 a

For example, in the case of an octagonal lock, the degree of rotation is 22.5 ° (generally 360 ° / 2 times the number of locking nails 29). During rotation, the inner end of the latch 24 engages in the groove 26 in the periphery of the locking head 15 (Fig. 3E) under the action of the locking spring 25 and firmly secures the locking head 15 to the lock body 13, thereby defining a new position. The rigid locking of the tube - housing assembly 1 and the assembled locking device consisting of a closed body 13, a locking head 15 and a control element 16 is released. From this moment on, the system will operate as a free mass-lock system, however, due to frictional forces and the unsheathed sleeve pull, the moving elements will continue to slide together.

At the end of the downhill slope, the system stops and the mounted tube 1 returns to its initial position by the action of a retracting spring (not shown). The mounted locking device retains a locking hook of known design not shown in the drawing in its rear position. As the mounted barrel 1 moves forward, the ejected sleeve is pulled out of the barrel 1 and ejected from the firearm by means of a known sleeve puller and sleeve ejector (not shown). When the tube 1 reaches its front position, a release device of the known design, not shown in the drawing, unlocks the mounted locking device and is moved forward 10 by the action of a retracting spring, not shown. As you move, you insert a new cartridge into the tube.

During the retraction of the mounted locking device, the outer end of the latch 24 extends through its own groove, first through the recess 32 in the forced path and then through the recess 31 in the recess 19. The bore 32 is necessary to prevent the outer end of the latch 24 from being obstructed in the oblique section of the forced path 19. When the nails 28 of the locking head 15 penetrate the grooves 29 of the closed nails 11, the outer end of the latch 24 exits the cutout 31 of the forced path 19 because it terminates, so its inner end also exits the groove on the periphery of the locking head 15. 13 rigid connection of closed bodies. This effect allows the energy stored in the energy storage element 22 to rotate the locking head 15 to the extent permitted by the control projection 30, i.e. to re-establish the rigid locking of the mounted tube 1 and the mounted locking device.

Claims (4)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. A handgun comprising a barrel, a barrel, a barrel, a magazine and a handle attached thereto, a trigger and an ink attached thereto, the barrel having a filling aperture and a discharge aperture, characterized in that the trigger (6) and the grip the firearm being disposed in the inverted position from the vertical plane between the filling opening (8) and the discharge opening (9). Handgun according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal plane of the grip (6) extends at an angle of 7 ° to the vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the barrel of the barrel (1). Handgun according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the firing mechanism, the handle (6) and the magazine (4) are arranged in the ink (3). A rotary locking system locking device, in particular for a small firearm according to claim 1, comprising a control element for rotating a closed body, a guiding barrel guided therein, and the control element associated with a forced path formed in the case, characterized in that the locking body (13) an open latch (24) movably embedded in engagement with the forced end (19) of the closed body (13) in the front end position of the closed body (13) as an actuator and between the locking head (15) and the closed body (13) an energy storage element (22) for moving the locking head (15) in the locking direction and for receiving its driving energy from the locking head (15) moving backwardly along the forced path (19).