HU208100B - Equipment for the biological purification of sewage, particularly communal sewage - Google Patents

Abstract

Equipment consists of mechanical pre-treatment, pre-settler and/or after-settler, steriliser, and if required service unit. - These units all fit into a rectangular plant. Water flows through the treatment units in prescribed sequence, by gravity, through troughs and/or conduit with one or more discharge opening(s). (1pp Dwg.No.0/0)

Description

Scope of description: 16 pages (including 9 pages)

Serving units are included in a rectangular piece of art with a single rectangular rectangular rectangle - or with an angle of 85-95 ° - in a single top view. In the technological order of cleaning - from the entry point of the raw wastewater to the point of exit of the disinfected wastewater - in the successive subassemblies the sewage supply device, in particular the trough (20) or / and one or more outlet openings (11), is positioned higher than in the same in the sub-assembly for discharging waste water and, in the direction of the flow, in the respective subsequent sub-assembly, means for receiving and feeding waste water, preferably trough or / and having one or more outlets.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for biological treatment of wastewater, especially communal wastewater.

The most important components of the equipment used to carry out technological operations for biological treatment of wastewater are grid, sand catcher, pre-settling, biological (aerated) cleaning unit, post-settler, disinfectant. The commonly used method for treating sludges from a biological purification unit and prefilter is sludge compaction, stabilization, chemical conditioning, dewatering, and subsequent deposition. Some of the components listed above, or treatment phases, may not be available for various cleaning technologies (such as total oxidation or activated sludge technology).

Most of the cleaning technology operations are carried out in structures forming parts of the equipment, the layout and connection of which is determined by the technology chosen and the machine equipment serving it depending on the area available.

There are also known, generally natural, wastewater purification processes, where biodegradation takes place in ground basins by aerobic or anaerobic processes, using aeration, if necessary. In these solutions, however, the biodegradation processes in the terrestrial pool cannot be controlled, they are crucially dependent on climatic conditions, especially temperature conditions and sunlight, but the regular removal of sludge deposited in the basins is difficult to solve.

In the aforementioned art-type cleaning equipment, there is usually a need for different pipelines between the individual structures for wastewater transport, which is a significant cost-increasing factor in addition to the relatively large area requirements. In order to overcome these disadvantages, it is known to include some technological components (e.g., an activated sludge unit and settler) in a common block, whereby the transfer of wastewater in separate pipelines can be largely eliminated within the blocks.

Some of these devices are circular in plan view, others are rectangular. However, such known cleaning facilities are still relatively complicated, their space requirements are considerable, and their line requirements are also quite high.

In Hungary, TABSZ-E is known for its wastewater treatment technology and equipment, which has basically steel structures and is suitable for conventional biological cleaning. Surface and recirculation of the aeration system of this equipment cannot be controlled. The disadvantage is that in the event of a malfunction, the entire system stops.

Another known solution developed by VISITERV, known as the "Unified Artwork", combines certain structures of a cleaning technology (aeration and sedimentation), but the circular-like performance does not include additional elements of cleaning technology, such as a mechanical cleaning unit, etc. As a result, the site's space requirements are quite high, and in the event of failure, as it is not suitable for operation in parallel mode, it must be completely shut down. Similar problems arise in connection with the operation of a circular facility known as UNIR in Hungary; this circuit-based facility is also not operable in pairs30 long mode; in the event of a fault, the entire system must be decommissioned; In addition, they are solved by the use of moving parts in the air intake, which often fail and lead to malfunctions. The be35 arrangements of the facility are steel-structured, and their maintenance and maintenance requirements are quite high.

Also in Hungary, the MODOX system with a rectangular artwork for aeration and sedimentation function is used, which has the disadvantage that the block of art objects does not include additional units related to biological cleaning, such as mechanical cleaning equipment, sludge thickening equipment, machine house, etc.

Hungarian Patent Application No. 187,926 discloses a sewage treatment plant with a trench system, the material of which is essentially the soil (earth) and the plastic foil or thin concrete structure. Its disadvantage is that its construction can be carried out with difficulty because the construction task is as complicated as possible50. From an operational point of view, the facility is not suitable for parallel operation, so the whole system stops if the aeration pool fails.

German Patent Application No. 3,131,989 discloses a solution for biological purification in which various purification sub-operations are performed in successive treatment zones. A deep air blowing method is used for oxygen intake. Because the components are not blocked, the device has a large space and handling2

EN 208 100 B is not suitable for high purification technology requirements.

The wastewater treatment plant according to Austrian Patent Specification 380 678 is only able to meet the requirements of conventional cleaning technology. Although the aeration and sedimentation unit is built-in, the other cleaning technology components are installed separately, so this equipment also has a considerable need for space and handling.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a biological sewage treatment plant with a minimal need for site design and eliminates the need for piping between individual cleaning units - structures. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a more efficient, so-called, " to allow third-level cleaning, including rationally ensuring the biological removal of phosphorus, nitrogen and nitrate.

The invention is based on the discovery that the cleaning units can be incorporated into a single rectangular artwork with a rectangular top view, and between them the pipelines can be virtually eliminated so that each of the successive subassemblies in the order of the cleaning technology is positioned lower in relation to each other. . In this case, the transfer of wastewater to adjacent subassemblies can be carried out gravitationally, with a free surface such as troughs, which makes it unnecessary to install the pipeline. It is further recognized that, as the components (anaerobic and anoxic spaces) necessary for the biological removal of phosphorus and nitrogen are incorporated into the block, the selection of these harmful substances can also be intensified.

Based on the above recognition, the object of the present invention is achieved by means of an apparatus having a mechanical pre-treatment, settling and / or post-settler; with an activated sludge pool and a disinfectant and, where appropriate, a servicing unit or units, the essence of which is that the mechanical pretreatment, pre-settler and / or post-settler (s), the activated sludge pool, the disinfectant and, where appropriate, servicing units, included in a single, rectangular, rectangular, or substantially rectangular, rectangular workpiece, as part of a cleaning component, and a device for feeding waste water, in particular trough, in successive subassemblies, in the order of cleaning, from the point of entry of the raw wastewater to the disinfected effluent. or, and / or a conduit with one or more outflow openings is located higher than the same subassembly for discharging the wastewater, and in the current subassembly in terms of the flow direction means for receiving and supplying water, preferably a trough or a conduit having one or more outlets. The "substantially" rectangular rectangular shape means that the sides of the workpiece are connected to each other at an angle of not more than + 5 °, that is, at an angle of 85 to 95 °.

A preferred embodiment of the apparatus is that the purification subassemblies are mechanical pretreatment, optionally pre-venting, pre-settling, aerated sludge pool, post-settling and disinfecting in the top view in a rectangular artwork.

According to another aspect of the invention, purification subassemblies include a mechanical pretreatment, aerated sludge pool, one or more post-settlers, and a disinfectant included in the top view in a rectangular artwork, and one or more air ducts extending near the bottom plate of the activated sludge basin to supply air. preferably, there is a deep inlet element (s) connected and connected to the blower (s) arranged in the machine housing (s) of the air line (s).

Another embodiment of the apparatus is that the serving units are a chemical unit, in particular a chlorinator, and a machine room and a sludge thickener embedded in the art block.

A further embodiment of the apparatus is that one or more mammoth pumps or / and excavation pumps for removing sludge from the pre-settler and / or the post-settler (s) are directly or directly connected to the trough (s) leading to the sludge thickener.

It may also be desirable to include a liquid communal waste manager as a cleaning unit in the art block.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the apparatus are provided. In the drawings, in Figure 1, an embodiment of the apparatus is shown in a schematic horizontal section taken along the line E-E shown in Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a vertical section taken along line A-A in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 shows the apparatus of Fig. 1 in a variant suitable for carrying out high-pressure cleaning technology;

Figure 4 is a larger vertical section taken along line B-B in Figure 3;

Figure 5 shows a variant of the apparatus of Figure 1 for performing a total oxidation purification technology;

Figure 6 is a larger sectional view taken along line C-C in Figure 5; Figure 7 is a schematic top view of a further embodiment of the apparatus of the invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic longitudinal section of the apparatus of Figure 3 and Figure 4;

Figure 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the apparatus of Figure 5 and Figure 6;

The apparatus of FIGS. 1 and 2, blocked artwork, is rectangular in top view and includes the following cleaning units: 1 mechanical pre-treatment, 2 settler (which, as will be seen, depending on the respective cleaning technology as either pre-settler or post-settler) may function); the 3 sludge pools (ie, aeration pool3)

HU 208 100 B), 5 chemical (usually chlorinating) units, 6 disinfectant, 7 sludge thickener, machine house 8, and aeration 9 (which, as will be seen later, may also be part of a municipal liquid pre-treatment plant). system). With respect to the apparatus of FIGS. 1 and 2, it is to be emphasized that each purification unit (as mentioned above) may perform different functions or may be different depending on the respective technology. The dimensions of the art block are adapted to the given wastewater load and the available installation area. When using prefabricated elements, it is possible to use modular size selection. The size of each technological component must be determined by the quantity and quality of the waste water.

The mechanical pre-treatment device 1 (Fig. 2) provides a cleaning device, such as a hand-held grille, a machine grid, an arc sieve, etc., which is best suited to the particular task and the particular task. and the feed line 10 for raw wastewater feeds into the mechanical pre-treatment 1. Figure 2 shows that the mechanical pre-treatment space 1 is located above the machine room 8. In Figures 1 and 2, an air conduit 15 extending longitudinally along the bottom of the rectangular sludge pool 3 is provided, and the air supply elements 13 (generally a deep inlet element) are provided for supplying oxygen. The air line 15 is connected to the nozzles 14 in the machine housing 8. The chemical unit 5 and the disinfectant 6 together provide a disinfection function; the former consists essentially of mechanical equipment, the latter being a pool, where the chemical (usually chlorine) is intensively mixed with water.

The movement of wastewater within the apparatus of Figures 1 and 2 is partly determined by the shape and dimensions of the cleaning technology (e.g., heavy or total oxidation) and partly by the structure, which depend on the installation constraints.

A 3.4. and Figures 8 and 8 illustrate FIGS

Figure 2 illustrates the construction of a device for carrying out high-load technology, and the manner in which the wastewater is moved within the artwork during such a process. The previously used reference numbers were used to denote the units and parts of equipment previously described. Here, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 represent a settler 2a as reference numeral 2, shown in cross-section, on a larger scale, in Fig. 4.

In addition to the outer side wall of the pre-settler 2a, a conduit 11 extends in the longitudinal direction, which comes from the mechanical pre-cleaner 1, and is also passed through the aeration 9; the water leaving the line 11 was detected by the arrows. Moving the mechanically purified raw wastewater to the '2a pre-settler for more uniform load, as shown in Figure 3, occurs at several points. (Note that all wires can be directly plugged into prefabricator 2a.)

The pre-settler 2a is provided with an inclined guide wall 17 (deflector walls, plates) which extends over the bottom plate and extends up to the height of line 11. This deflector 17 serves to increase the efficiency of sedimentation. For collecting effluent, line 18 is provided, which is also done at several points (arrows b, Figure 3). The line 18a is connected to this line 18 by means of the line 12, which extends in the upper part of the sludge pool 3. Here too, the settling of the settled water into the activated sludge pool 3 is carried out in several places for uniform biological load (c arrows, Figures 3 and 4). The immersion wall is provided by the dive wall 19 (Fig. 4). Figure 4 shows a mammoth pump 24 with a dashed line for the removal of sedimented sludge, the upper end of which is connected to a drainage trough 25 extending above the structure, which is indicated by a dashed line in Figure 3.

Fig. 4 shows three air ducts 15 (one for the sake of clarity in Fig. 3) with air supply elements 13 starting from the nozzles 14 in the machine room 8. Troughs (or wires) 20, which extend along the two transverse end walls in the upper region of the basin, are connected to the sludge pool 3 to drain the aeration water and are connected to the conduit 16 by a trough (or wire) 20 extending longitudinally along the post-settling basin. In the trough 20, the entry of wastewater takes place at several points, as illustrated by the d arrows in FIG. 3, and exits from the line 20a (possibly from the trough) in several places as indicated by these arrows.

There is also an inclined deflector 17a in the post-settler 4 and a dip wall 19a extending in the longitudinal direction of the basin before the trough 21 (Figure 4). The trough 21 is used for collecting and discharging the settled water in the desalination plant 4, the disinfectant 6, from which the conduit 22 is designed to drain the water, while the chemical (chlorine) water from the chemical unit 5, where the chemical (chlorine) water is produced, is provided. - conduit 23 is provided to disinfect 6 (Figure 3).

Also included in the post-settler 4 is a mammoth pump 24a, the upper end of which is connected to the drainage channel 25a (indicated by a dashed line in FIG. 3). The conduit 27 is supplied from the trough 25a to the sludge thickener 7 (Figure 3). A portion of the sludge pump 24a excavated from the melt pump 24a, and also fed to the trough 25a, is fed back through the conduit 26 at several points into the sludge pool 3 according to the arrows. The excess sludge is transferred to the sludge thickener 7 through the aforementioned 27 conduits extending into the trough 25a.

The floating debris in the pre-settler 2a and the settler 4 is supplied through the funnels providing a controlled water level (not shown separately) to the point line 28 marked in the artwork, which can be transmitted to the front of the system.

The sludge thickener 7, which is used for dewatering the slurry, of course, runs out of lines 29 and 30;

The former is used for the removal of dewatered sludge and the latter for returning sludge to the front of the system.

Figures 5 and 6 illustrate an embodiment of the apparatus of Figures 1 and 2 for carrying out total oxidation purification technology using the reference numerals previously used to designate the same parts of equipment. In this case, the artwork has no precleaner, but has two 4, 4a post-settlers, and the sensor raw waste water that enters the system through line 10 (Figure 2) is distributed directly through the conductor 16a directly to the biodegradable sludge 3. in the basin, where the lines 13 with air supply elements 13 and connected to the nozzles 14 run in the same way as in the above-described embodiments. The aerated wastewater is provided with the troughs 31a and 31b shown in Figure 5 for penetration into rectangular floor planes and 4,4a after-slurries parallel to the 3 sludge pools. According to this embodiment, two mute pumps 24c, 24d are disposed in the secondary settler 4, which discharge into a trough 25b extending longitudinally above the structure. However, the sludge collection from the 4a settler is carried out by a longitudinal digger 33, which discharges the sludge into the trough 25c, from which part of it is discharged into the 3 sludge pools (recirculation). The drains 32a, 32b (possibly ducts) extending transversely in the upper part of the top settlers 4, 4a are provided for drainage of the settled wastewater, from which the water is transferred to the disinfectant 6 (arrow 5, g). Dive walls 19b are provided for retaining the debris from the trough 32a, 32b. The excess sludge is fed to the sludge thickener 7 from conduits 4, 4a via conduits 27. Disinfection and subsequent disposal of the treated wastewater, as well as the further treatment of sludge and sediment, are the same as described in connection with the embodiment of Figures 3 and 4.

3-6. Figures 1 to 4 illustrate the direction of movement of the media (water, air, sludge) with arrows drawn on various wires and troughs. The gravitational movement of the water is assured by the fact that the successive subassemblies of the object in the technological order are lower relative to the respective previous subassembly.

Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the wastewater treatment further with reference to the operation section shown in Figure 8, with reference numerals of the machine parts being identical to the reference numbers used in FIGS. the wires and troughs are plotted outside the artwork and the components of the device are drawn separately from top to bottom.

The raw wastewater is fed through the line 10 to the mechanical pretreatment 1, where it is cleaned from the rough dirt, then passed directly through the line 11 (Fig. 8) or passed through the pre-heater 9 to the pre-settler 2a. The pre-settled waste water is collected from the pre-settler 2a by means of the conduit 18 (or trough) and removed so that the settled water flows through the line 12 gravitatively through the conduit (or trough) 18 extending longitudinally in the upper part of the sludge tank 3 (3). Fig. 8 and Fig. 8), which is lower than line 18. In the activated sludge pool 3, the wastewater is aeration through the air line 15, during which the wastewater performs longitudinal and transverse motion simultaneously. The aerated wastewater is supplied to the trough 20a, which is longitudinally extending in the 4 settlers, which is lower than the troughs 20 in the sludge pool 3 (Figs. 3, 4 and 8). The trough 20a flows into the post-settling liquid space of the water (Figures 3 and 4 are the arrows), and the settled sewage flows through the trough 21, which is lower than the line 20a (or trough), into the disinfector 6. Disinfected water leaves the system through line 22.

The slurry removed from the pre-settler 2a and the settler 4 by means of the mammoth pump 24, 24a is delivered gravitatively to the sludge thickener 7 (also using the conduits 27) in the troughs 25 and 25a, and recycled to the 3 sludge pools (also using the conduit 26). . The compressed sludge is removed from the system via the 29, sludge water 30.

The operation of the device with total oxidation technology according to Figures 5, 6 and 9 is as follows (the operation section of Fig. 9 illustrates the technological process in the same manner as Fig. 8):

in this case, the raw wastewater also arrives on line 10 and, after mechanical cleaning, is fed directly to the biodegradable sludge pool 3 through the line 16a, where air is fed through the air line 15. In doing so, the wastewater also performs longitudinal and transverse movements simultaneously. The aerated wastewater flows into the troughs 31a, 31b, and then into the aftercoolers of 4.4a; 25b, 26f can be used to distribute aerated waste water, which is lower than the troughs 31a, 31b. The sedimented wastewater is discharged into troughs 32a, 32b lower than the troughs 31a, 31b, and then into the disinfector 6 and finally leaves the system. The removal, treatment and removal of the sludge is essentially carried out as already described in connection with Figures 3 and 4, except that the sludge is removed from the sludge plant 4a by the excavator 33.

A further version of the movement of the wastewater within the installation (longitudinal arrangement) is illustrated in Figure 7. This technological process is essentially the same as that described in Figures 3, 4 and 8, but in this case the individual cleaning units have a "serial" arrangement. The sewage passage through the cleaning units is as follows: 2a Pre-settler - 3 pools of sludge (aeration pool) - 4 after-settlers - 6 disinfectants. The listed components are always at a lower level

HU 208 100 B is a subassembly directly preceding them. Further purification units of the apparatus are the liquid communal waste disposal plant 34 instead of the 5 chemical unit (chlorinating unit), the machine room 8, the sludge thickener 7, and the pre-blower according to Figures 3 and 4.

The beneficial effects of the invention can be summarized as follows:

An essential advantage is that since the structures of all technological operations of biological cleaning are combined into a single block, it is unnecessary or insignificant to construct a pipeline between the individual cleaning units. If the pipelines were to be installed yet, they are very short, so the pipe friction loss is minimal, so the diameter is smaller than usual with the dimensions. Except for the suction line, however, the otherwise necessary take-offs are missing, however, as the air is available due to the deep air inflow technology, very economical mammoth pumps can be used to recirculate and overflow the sludge and only low elevation is required, so the energy balance is very favorable. The device is suitable for both high-load biological and total oxidation purification; The combined blocked solution can be flexibly adjusted to the significant amount of wastewater and the specific installation constraints, as in-block wastewater management is possible in several alternatives. Space utilization is extremely favorable, the floor space of the artwork is minimal (due to the optimal rectangle or square shape). Creating a block of structures with flat (non-curved) walls creates more favorable - faster - construction conditions, and also allows the use of prefabricated elements and structures, which is a factor increasing the economy of the facility. Air intake into the activated sludge basin can be solved by means of fixed, preferably deep-blowing structures (rotor jet, blower-air inlets, etc.), which is significantly more economical for surface aeration systems. As mentioned above, sludge excavation can be carried out with mammoth pumps, so that the number of moving machine parts in the equipment is minimal.

The invention is, of course, not limited to the embodiments detailed above, but can be implemented in a variety of ways within the scope of the claims.

Claims (6)

PATENT CLAIMS Apparatus for biological purification of organic contaminated liquids, in particular municipal wastewater, comprising mechanical pre-treatment, pre-settling and / or post-settling, a sludge basin and a disinfectant, and optionally having a serving unit or units, the pre-treatment (1) the pre-settling (2a) and / or post-settling (s) (4, 4a) the single sludge basin (3), the disinfecting (6) and, if appropriate, the pre-aeration (9) and serving units, viewed from above, included in rectangular or rectangular artefacts with sides 85-95 ° as cleaning components and in the order of the cleaning process - from the point of entry of raw sewage to the point of exit of disinfected sewage means for plálására, especially depression (31a, 31b; 32a, 32b; 20, 21) and / or one or more outlet openings in conduit (11; 20a) is located higher than the means for discharging wastewater in the same sub-unit and for receiving and supplying the wastewater in the subsequent sub-unit, preferably a trough and / or one or more outlets. Apparatus according to claim 1, adapted for carrying out a high-load cleaning process, characterized in that the cleaning components are mechanical pre-treatment (1), pre-aeration (9), pre-settling (2a), aerated activated sludge pool (3), post-settling (4) and disinfection. (6) is a top view enclosed in a rectangular object. Apparatus adapted for carrying out a total oxidation cleaning technology according to claim 1, characterized in that the cleaning components comprise a mechanical pre-treatment (1), an aerated activated sludge basin (3), one or more post-settlers (4, 4a) and a disinfectant (6). viewed from above, enclosed in a rectangular object and located near one of the bottom plates of the activated sludge basin (3), one or more air ducts (15) are connected to an air supplying element (13), preferably a deep air supply; the air duct (s) (15) is connected to the nozzle (14) arranged in the engine room (8). 4. Apparatus according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the chemical units (5), in particular chlorine, as well as the machine house (8) and the sludge thickener (7) are incorporated in the art block as serving units. 5. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that one or more mammoth pumps (24, 24a-24c) or / and a backhoe (33) are disposed directly or indirectly from the pre-settler (2a) and / or your post-settler (4, 4a). connected to the trough bar (25, 25a-25e) leading to the sludge thickener (7). 6. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, as a cleaning component, a liquid communal waste treatment facility (34) is included instead of the pre-aeration unit (9).