HU203161B - Aid of education for representing and practising surgical practical tasks prescribed for general medical, dental, veterinary students and medical practioners - Google Patents

Abstract

Educational aid for general medical, dental and veterinary students and practitioners to present and practice surgical practice, which educational aids are surgical an adjustable base rack for the operating table superstructure rack, the most diverse interchangeable tissue size (s) modeling surgical conditions and / or genuine tissue (s) and / or parts and / or servitude (s) and / or their actual organs and / or parts thereof or experimental animal (s) mounting, interchangeable, sterilized clamping frames, and tissue size (s) and / or genuine tissue (s) and / or parts thereof and / or organimit (s) and / or organs and / or parts thereof or experimental the perforated tray of the animal (s), the hair collection tray, presentation / practice of surgical knot techniques hand knotting spike (8) handles, "Ratchet" thread dispenser, insulating cloth holder, instrument tray, and has a practical program manager. THE tissue size (s) and / or genuine tissue and / or parts thereof and / or the organimit (s) and / or the actual organ (s) and / or parts thereof clamping frames screws securing the experimental animal (s) secured in clamping jaws (15), with clamping jaws (15) with clamping elements for the frame holder they are attached to bars and frame frames fixed with clamping screws (lc) in clamping clamps, which clamps (down) clamps with fixing screws for the body support scaffold are reinforced and the tissue size (s) and / or genuine tissue (s) and / or parts thereof and / or organimit (s) and / or the true organ (s) and / or a tissue collector securing the portions or the perforated tray (5) holding the experimental animal (s) with a screw has a tray. Threading pin for adjusting shaft with adjusting screw rubber-coated steel spring knotting pin (8), \ t handle ratchet, ratchet thread feeder (9) and thread guide spinning rod with sponge ball (27) (26) is tied. (Figure 11)

Description

EN 203 161 Β which are clamped (clamped) by means of clamp clamping screws to the body support scaffold and the tissue mimic (s) and / or true tissue (s) and / or parts thereof and / or the service moth (s). and / or a tissue collection tray attached to a perforated tray (5) holding the actual organ (s) and / or parts thereof or the test animal (s).

A steel spring knotted mandrel (8), a ratchet, "ratchet" thread feeder (9), and a thread guide rod (26) with a thread guiding sponge (27) are fixed to the clamping shaft by means of an adjusting screw. (Figure 11)

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a teaching aid that enables general practitioners, dentists, veterinary students, and practitioners to demonstrate prescribed surgical practice tasks and exercise their individual abilities under modeled sterile operating conditions without resorting to hospital / clinical operating rooms. The aid consists of a lifting / lowering scaffold according to the height of the persons presenting / practicing, and a plastic wound holding device for simulating various human or animal body parts, organs, organ parts, tissues, real body and organ parts, possibly experimental animals, can be adjusted in the most varied way. The instrument tray attached to the scaffold, the exercise program guide holder, the knot mandrel for surgical knot techniques, and the thread dispenser all have work ergonomic and educational roles. The teaching aids of the present invention can be advantageously used for presentation and practice in medical and medical training universities, and in hospitals and health care institutions teaching all surgical activities, in practical demonstrations and courses of professional gatherings. for workshop / further training. In addition, it can provide an educational tool for manual skill assessment during surgical exams.

There are modest opportunities at home and abroad medical universities that specifically promote dexterity; rather, they call for the acquisition of theoretical knowledge. Routine familiarization with practical activities can usually only occur after graduation, under the lucky or less fortunate conditions of the individual. The number of students is very large and the time and space available are limited. Even novice surgeons are not always given the opportunity to practice according to their individual interests and abilities. Each student / physician is placed in a position where participation in a surgical procedure is not only possible but also compulsory. In case of emergency patient care any practitioner should be ready to routinely handle a case requiring simple surgery!

However, surgical manual skills can only be acquired through proper practice.

Also known in medical practice are efforts to create models that allow certain manual actions to be performed, which can replace costly animal experiments and mimic real, anatomical relationships that occur in life.

DE-AS 28 44 373 describes a model for practicing tactile recognition of female breast cancer, US 4 198 766 describes a model for practicing intravenous intervention. U.S. Pat. No. 4,195,420 discloses a full female alpha-torso for episiotomic surgery, including the femur. US 4,001,952 discloses a full-body study of a scaffold structure with a lifting, tilting blade on which organs removed from the body can be secured with clamping straps.

U.S. Patent No. 4,386,917. describes a fabric structure made of plastics and an imitation frame. An upper multi-layer layer has a longitudinal slot; the running edges parallel to the gap are fixed to the layer support frame. Another layer stretched under the gap serves as an intervention. When practicing, the student must complete the task through the gap in the upper layer on the lower layer.

A common disadvantage of the above-mentioned technical features and other similar solutions is that almost all of them are designed for a specific task or practice, such as: practicing tactile recognition, vascular puncture, stitching or stapling, etc. and so they do not carry, or to some extent, the signs of universality. This requires the purchase and maintenance of a wide variety of models in education, which is both costly and inconvenient.

According to the literature, no teaching aid has been developed so far to model / teach surgical training prescribed by students / practitioners in surgical practice under sterile surgical conditions and to master movement in the operating room (under sterile conditions).

It is an object of the present invention to provide a multifunctional teaching aid that is easy to adapt to the variety of practical surgical tasks that is simple, sterilized, enables individual and group practice of manual tissue separation and tissue consolidation, and practical and minimal use of surgical instruments and tools. it provides unlimited use of resources even with frequent use. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a different level of training from advanced to advanced training.

EN 203 161 Β case alone. It does this by imitating plastic tissue, organ, layer, vascular, and nerve imitations, and later real organ (s), organ parts (s), or even living experimental animal (s) e.g. rat, mouse, rabbit, weaning pig up to 3 months, etc. with additional fasteners or with attachments in the device or. device can be configured (fixed), fixed (s) according to the increasingly complex surgical tasks to be modeled.

The teaching aid of the present invention is based on the discovery that, when replaced in accordance with the various surgical tasks prescribed, the imitation (s), the pad (s), and subsequently the genuine tissue part (s) of the initially stretched plastic tissue are combined. fastened in the desired position by means of the device, it is possible to demonstrate / practice various simple and complicated surgical operations. An educational tool will be able to teach / practice many surgical practices. In order to achieve the goal of providing easy practice / demonstration from a simpler to a more sophisticated one, with minimal material and labor input, firstly, cheap, coarse materials (for the first practice) and then more and more expensive plastics, genuine leather, etc., and combinations of these, and finally, real organs, tissues, tissue and organ parts, and possibly experimental animals (for tasks requiring more sophisticated surgical techniques). Plastic inserts, organ imitations, or real fabric parts can be used repeatedly for practice / demonstration purposes.

The present invention is an educational aid for presenting and practicing surgical assignments prescribed to general medical, dental, veterinary medical students and practitioners, which is an educational aid adjustable base scaffold, superstructure scaffold, a variety of surgical tool and / or interchangeable, sterilized clamping frame for attachment of real tissue (s) and / or fragments thereof / or servitatum (s) and / or real organ (s) and / or fragments thereof or experimental animal (s) (i) as well as the tissue sample and / or real tissue (s) and / or fragments thereof and / or the tissue sample (s) and / or real organ (s) and / or test animal (s) ) t perforated tray, tissue acquisition tray, surgical knot demonstration / practice knot has a spike, a ratchet, a ratchet wire feeder, an insulating cloth holder, a dashboard and a practical program holder. Tissue mimic (s) and / or true tissue (s) and / or fragments thereof and / or servitem (s) and / or true organ (s) and / or fragments thereof or experimental animal (s) t fixing clamps are fixed in screw-adjustable clamping jaws, which are clamped by clamping elements to the frame brackets and the frame brackets are clamped by lift-lower screws, which clamps are clamped by clamping bolts, (s) and / or real tissue (s) and / or parts thereof and / or portions thereof and / or servitum (s) and / or real organ (s) and / or parts thereof or perforated tray holding the animal (s) is associated with a tissue acquisition tray secured by a clamping screw, which perforated tray and tissue collection tray slid on the retaining shaft with latching elements attached to the frame support bar, and to the fixing shaft with a knurled spigot, a rubber spring knotted spindle, a ratchet, a "ratchet" wire feeder and a threaded sponge with a spindle, a practical program bar with a rack adjusting screw and a practical program bracket with a clamping hinge, and a tray tray bar and a removable dash tray sliding with a bay holder bar and a removable dashboard holder bar.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. The attached drawings show

Fig. 1 is an in situ view of the layers, layer composition, tissue imitations and / or real tissues and / or portions thereof and / or servitudes or real organs and / or portions thereof fixed in the clamping frames of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a top plan view of an imitation or real tissue or portion thereof or a servitude or real organ or portion thereof stretched in a clamping frame;

Figure 3 is a side elevational view of clamping frames that can be moved independently of each other on the frame brackets of the teaching aid of the present invention;

4 and 4a. Fig. 4A is a plan view and cross-sectional view of a perforated tray holding tissue imitations and / or real tissues and / or portions thereof and / or servitites or real organs and / or portions thereof or experimental animals;

5 and 5a. Fig. 4A is a plan view and a cross-sectional view of the tissue tray fixed to the perforated tray;

Figure 6 is a plan view of the jaws holding the clamping frames, a

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a steel spring knotted mandrel covered with a rubber rubber coupled to a retaining shaft of the teaching aid of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a thread guide rod and thread guide sponge ball forming part of a ratchet "ratchet" thread dispenser,

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a ratchet yarn dispenser, a

HU 203 161 Β

Figure 10 is a side view of an educational aid according to the invention, a

Figure 11 is a top view of an educational aid according to the invention.

A possible embodiment, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, is a multi-part educational aid.

The tissue mimic (s) 2 and / or their real tissues and / or parts thereof and / or the 3 tissue mimic (s) or their real organ (s) and / or parts thereof or the experimental animal (s), preferably Stainless steel, optionally plastic, sterilizing clamping frames 4) are fixed in screw-adjustable jaws 15. The clamping jaws 15 are secured to clamping bars ld by clamping elements 14. The frame support rods ld are secured in clamps by means of lifting / lowering screws 29. The clamps are secured to the body support scaffold la by means of clamping screws 36. Stainless steel holding the tissue mimic (s) 2 and / or their true tissue (s) and / or parts thereof and / or the 3 servitum moth (s) or their true organ (s) or animal. perforated tray is secured with 6 clamping screws with 22 clamping screws. The perforated tray 5 and the tissue collection tray 6 are connected to the retaining shaft 7 and the frame support bar ld by sliding clamping members 20.

At one end of the retaining shaft 7, a steel spring knotted mandrel, covered with a rubber rubber 8, is fixed with a knot pin 23. At the other end of the locking shaft 7 is a ratchet "ratchet" thread feeder. A thread guide rod 26 is attached to the retaining shaft 7. At the end of the thread guide rod 26 is a thread guide sponge 27. In the spindle housing 25 of the 9-ratchet "ratchet" yarn dispenser, a gear 37 is mounted on a spindle support shaft 38. A steel plate 28 is fixed in the gear gear 37 and fastened to the wall of the spindle housing 38. On the surface of the gear 37 there is a protruding cam 41 which is inserted into a well-formed recess 40 of the spindle 40 disposed on the spindle support shaft 38 and a steel spring 39 is mounted on the spindle support shaft 38 after the spindle 40. A thread feed control screw 24 is attached to the steel spring 39 at the end of the spindle support shaft 38.

The clamping clamps are secured by clamp clamping screws 36 to the body support scaffold la, which is clamped into the base support scaffold 1 by means of clamping screws 35. The base scaffold 1 is bridged by connecting elements 44. Inside the base 42 are the base screws 31.

A practical program rod is inserted down into the body support scaffold with a adjusting screw 34 on one side and a practical program holder 12 secured by a clamping joint 33. On the other side, the adjusting screw lb holding the adjusting screw 34 in the body support scaffold la and sliding the instrument tray 11 on it. An insulating napkin holder 10 is formed with the sliding fastening elements 32 for the practical exercise bar and the Ib dashboard support bar.

Stainless steel or plastic 4 frames, which are circular, elliptical, square or rectangular, have elasticity, consistency (compactness, porosity, extensibility and coloring, bonding and / or molding and / or pressing) depending on the tissue to be modeled , plastic and / or foam and / or resin and / or rubber foam and / or polyurethane foam and / or film and / or imitation leather and / or leather and / or composite and / or individually applied to layer compositions suitable for a particular surgical function felt and felt of natural fibers and / or textile layers, such as 2 tissue simulants (s) and / or real tissue (s) and / or parts thereof and / or 3 servitites (s) and / or real organ (s) and / or fragments thereof to the desired extent they are tensioned by 13 tensioning screws.

The layers, layer compositions, 2 tissue mimic (s) and / or real tissue (s) and / or parts thereof and / or between the 3 tissue mimics (s) and / or the real organ (s) and / or parts thereof and / or inside there are, according to the surgical task, 17 real and / or artificial bone and connective tissue element (s) and, as required, 18 plastic, rubber tubes or real, thicker and / or thinner prepared vascular (s) modeling the vascular structure (s). ) and / or plastic element (s) for modeling the nerve pattern (s) 19, or a real, thicker and / or thinner prepared nerve pattern (s), such as plastic, rubber, etc., which are . plastic bag (s) and associated infusion set (s) surrounded by a blood pressure cuff filled with colored liquid or physiological saline solution to tubes or to the actual, thicker and / or thinner prepared vascular formula (s).

Layers, Layer Compositions, 2 Tissue Imitate (s) and / or Real Tissue (s) and / or Portions thereof and / or Tissue Imitations (s) and / or Real Tissue (s) and / or Portions thereof, Layers , layer compositions, between and / or within the tissue simulant (s) 2 and / or the real tissue (s) and / or parts thereof and / or the servitat (s) 3 and / or the real organ (s) and / or portions thereof guided modeling of 17 real and / or artificial bone and connective tissue element (s), as well as plastic, rubber tubing, or real, thicker and / or thinner processed vascular (s) and / or 19 nerve (s) modeling (s) the plastic element (s) or the actual, thicker and / or thinner prepared nerve formula (s) or the test animals are attached to a variable number of nuts through the perforations 21 of the perforated tray 5 or to the layers, layer compositions, 2 tissue imitate (s); and / or va lithic texts and / or parts thereof and / or the 3 servitatum (s) and / or the real organ (s) and / or their portions, layers, layer compositions, 2 tissue simulant (s) and / or real tissue (s) and / or portions thereof and / or between the 3 servitates (s) and / or the true organ (s) and / or portions thereof and / or bel-41

EN 203 161 Β cells, and to plastic, rubber tubes or real, thicker and / or thinner prepared vascular formula (s) and / or nerve formula (s) ) t modeling plastic element (s) or real, thicker and / or thinner prepared nerve formula (s) or experimental animal (s) have magnets attached by seams and these fixed magnets are attached to 5 perforated iron trays .

In the clamping jaws 15, a plurality of clamping frames 4 can be clamped together with screws 16. according to the surgical task to be modeled, the ld frame bracket rods can be independently lifted or lifted independently of one another. clamping jaws 15 holding retractable clamping frame (s) may also be used.

The tissue simulant (s) 2 and / or real texts 2 and / or parts thereof and / or the servitat (s) 3 and / or the real organ (s) and / or parts thereof described in various ways described for the perforated tray 5 may form a unit of practice in accordance with the prescribed surgical task with tissue mimics 2 and / or real tissues and / or parts thereof and / or servitimites 3 and / or real organs and / or parts thereof. The relationship between the clamping frames 4 and the perforated tray 5 can be varied or adjusted by sliding clamping members 20. the perforated tray 5 can be raised, lowered and tilted as desired with the tissue collection tray 6. The lifting and lowering screws 29 can be used to change the position of the clamping frames 4 and the perforated tray 5 (with the tissue acquisition tray 6 secured to the clamping screw 22) by sliding clamping members 20 on the frame support bar ld. The height of the rubber spring knotted mandrel 8 covered with rubber and the ratchet thread feeder 9 as it is coupled to the retaining shaft 7 can also be controlled by the sliding clamping members 20. The tissue acquisition tray 6 is used to hold blood and other tissue fluids and can be used to cool or keep a small body of test animal by placing a plastic or rubber balloon or bottle filled with cold or warm water under the perforated tray 5. The clamps on the superstructure support scaffold la allow a lateral change in the overall position required.

The 8 rubber-coated steel spring knotting mandrel serves as a surgical knot for practicing beginner techniques. The knotting pin 23 adjusts the axial alignment of the rubber spring knotted pin 8 to the intended function. The tubular rubber rubber pulled onto the steel spring further enhances the resilience of the knotted mandrel while preventing the thread from becoming trapped in the spring coil. Occasional replacement of the rubber with a foam or other material may be suitable for demonstrating / practicing different knot strengths. Changing the position of the retaining shaft 7 on either side of the frame support rod ld by sliding clamping members 20, further adjusting, tilting or tilting the rubber spring-covered knotting mandrel 8 allows you to lower the lift.

The body support scaffold 1a, which fits into the base rack 1, can be raised and lowered by means of rack mounting bolts 35 according to the height of the practitioner and the intended task.

The practical program holder 12, which can be tilted back and forth by the clamping joint 33 with the adjusting screw 34, can be rotated and raised or lowered with the practical program bar. lowered.

The replaceable, sterilizable instrument tray 11 can be rotated, raised, or raised by means of the adjusting screw 34, together with the instrument tray support rod lb. lowered.

The insulating towel holder 10 secured to sliding retaining elements 32 by sliding fasteners 32 can be raised and lowered to the practical exercise bar and lb dashboard support bar. lowered. The isolation of the modeled surgical area serves to provide a more realistic simulation of real surgical sterile conditions.

Plastic, foam, resin, rubber foam, based on different iron thickness, flexibility, consistency (compactness, porosity), elasticity, extensibility and color, combined into adhesive and / or pressing and / or stitching, and individually applied to the simulation task polyurethane foam foil, imitation leather, leather, felt, felt, natural fibers, possibly textile layers, layer compositions, 2 fabric mimics (s) and / or real fabrics) and / or parts thereof and / or 3 servitim fabrics (s) and / or genuine fabrics the organ (s) and / or their parts are replaceable, sterilizable and / or lifted. are fixed in retractable brackets 4 so that their tension can be adjusted independently of each other to the desired degree according to the in situ position to be modeled.

The layers, layer compositions 2 tissue simulant (s) and / or real tissues) and / or parts thereof and / or 3 servitatum (s) and / or real organs) and / or parts thereof, 17 real and / or artificial bone and connective tissue element (s), plastics modeling 18, rubber tubing or real, thicker and / or thinner prepared vascular (s) and / or 19 nerve modeling plastics (s) or real, ironier and / or thinner prepared nerve formulations) or the test animal (s) can be attached to a variable number of threads through the perforations 21 of the perforated tray 5 by simply threading and knotting the perforates 21 or even to the layers (layer composition) and / or real tissues and / or parts thereof and / or the 3 servitat (s) and / or real organ (s) and / or parts thereof, 17 real and / or for artificial bone and connective tissue element (s), for plastic modeling of 18 yoke formula (s), for rubber tubes or for real, thicker and / or thinner prepared vascular (s) and / or 19 nerve pattern (s) for plastic modeling or real, thicker and / or thin5

EN 203 161 Β magnetic elements are attached in different ways (by sutures, gluing) to the prepared nerve formula (s) or species of companion animal.

In the spindle housing 25 of the 9-ratchet "ratchet" wire feeder, the steel plate 28 which engages in the gear teeth 37 of the spindle carrier 38 and screwed to the wall of the spindle housing 25 prevents rotation in the opposite direction. Various sizes of thread spindles 40 can be mounted on the spindle support shaft 38. Depending on the size of the thread spindle 40, the steel spring 39 between the thread feed control screw 24 and the thread spindle 40 is compressed. relaxes. The feeding of the thread, the avoidance of tangling and the quick receipt of the cut end are assisted by the thread guide rod 26 and the threaded guide wire sponge 27 drawn on it. The function of the 9 ratchet "ratchet" yarn dispenser is to keep the large amount of sewing silk needed for practice / demonstration at hand and to avoid tangling during use.

The training aids 31 passing through the base 42 of the base scaffold 1 and adjusting the unevenness of the floor 43 can be used to set up the training aid without fluctuation and to fasten the connecting elements 44 of the base scaffold 1 with the fixing screws 30.

The operation of the invention is illustrated by the following examples. The examples provided do not limit the scope of the claimed educational aid.

Example 1

Surgical knotting is first presented with the help of a rubber spring-covered steel-spring knotting mandrel 8, and then practiced. After acquiring / acquiring the appropriate skill, the surgical knot is continued on tissue mimics.

Example 2

In the clamping frames 4, the imitation tissue 2 imitating the abdominal wall is fastened with the tensioning screws 13. During the operation, tissue separation and tissue consolidation techniques are practiced / demonstrated for familiarity with suture types and instrumentation.

Example 3

According to the surgical task to be presented and practiced, the abdominal wall (weaning pig) is secured with clamping screws 13 in clamping frames 4 and then clamping clamping frames 4 with screws 16 in clamping jaws 15. In the perforated tray 5, the real organ pork liver 3 is attached to the perforates 21 with a thread. The clamping jaws 15 and the sliding clamping members 20 are moved on the frame support rod ld according to the purpose, such as the position of the abdominal wall and liver in relation to one another. The Tissue Collection Tray 6 holds any dripping tissue liquids. The mounting bolts 35 are used to adjust the height of the scaffold bracket 1a to the height of the person performing the demonstration or exercise. On the dashboard 11, the tools and instruments needed for the task are placed, and on the exercise program tray 12, illustrations are shown of each task. The "surgical area" is isolated with green cloths on the insulating cloth holder 10.

Example 4

After removing the clamping jaws 15, the perforated tray 5 is raised with the sliding clamping members 20 and tilted with the clamping screws 22 at an angle appropriate to the task. To the perforates 21 of the perforated tray 5 is attached a real organ pig's leg with a thread. Green tissues are used to isolate the "operating area" and to practice / practice tendon sutures.

Example 5

Proceed as described in the previous example. An experimental laboratory anesthetized rat was attached to the perforates 21 of the 5 perforated trays. The surgical site is isolated and anastomosis microsurgical surgery is performed on the rat hind legs.

Example 6

The 5 perforated trays allow other bodies to be secured with wires. For example, a dental phantom (Frasaco, Szeged phantom, etc.) is attached to the scaffolding supporting the la body. We practice / demonstrate dental and implant techniques. The knotting mandrel we recommend is shaped such that it is cylindrical but can be conical or inverted conical and uses a plastic cover other than rubber as a protective cover (which also increases its elasticity).

The teaching aids of the present invention can be operated simply, with little financial and labor input for an unlimited period of time. Storage can be easily broken down into batteries. It is not expensive to produce. All components are easy to clean, sterilize, and durable. An educational tool provides two listening / practicing physicians with optimal training opportunities at the same time. One is the "cameraman" and the other is the assistant. When setting up practice rooms, the number of training groups should be reduced to For 12 people, it is advantageous to use six practitioners and one assistant to present the task at the same time.

The tool can be used for demonstration / practice in medical training / surgical woikshop, courses, practice exams, university surgical practice. It would be desirable to equip surgical model operating rooms at medical universities and to develop and monitor curricular work.

This educational tool provides opportunities for practitioners, dentists, veterinarians, and practitioners to suit their individual abilities and interests. It allows you to learn surgical techniques efficiently and economically from the simpler to the more complex. First attempts may be made to disregard the experimental animal and, in particular, to exclude the patient, under calm conditions, without liability. They do not use the already limited surgical facilities

HU 203 161 Β sem. The educational tool mimics the real operating environment and is easy to practice in 'sterile' behavior, movement and use of sterile tools and materials.

With all accessories of the teaching aid of the invention, the artificial and natural materials on which it is based, the lyophilized and / or frozen organs, tissues, tissue and organ parts, instruments, exercise programs, instructional videos, color tables describing the operations and theoretical knowledge. forms a single unit with booklets.

Claims (6)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. A teaching aid for presenting and practicing surgical assignments prescribed to general medical, dental medicine students, and practicing physicians, which is a teaching aid that can be adjusted to a surgical operating table, body support scaffold, a wide variety of surgical edges / models, the interchangeable, sterilized capture frame (s) of the actual tissue (s) and / or fragments thereof and / or of the organ and / or of the organ (s) and / or portions or experimental animals and of the tissue ( (ka) a perforated tray containing t and / or genuine tissue (s) and / or fragments thereof and / or servitem (s) and / or genuine organ (s) and / or test animal (s), tissue acquisition tray, knot for demonstration / practicing surgical knotting techniques, kil has a ratchet "ratchet" yarn dispenser, an insulating cloth holder, an instrument tray, and a practical program holder, characterized in that the tissue mimic (s) (2) and / or the true tissue (s) and / or parts thereof and / or clamping frames (4) for securing servitum (s) (3) and / or true organ (s) and / or their parts or experimental animal (s) in adjustable clamping jaws (15), the clamping jaws (15) being clamped by the clamping elements (14) to the frame support rods (ld) and the frame support rods (ld) secured in the clamping bolts (29), which clamping clamps (le) by clamping screws (36) attached to the superstructure support scaffold, the tissue mitigation (s) and / or real tissue (s) and / or parts thereof (2) and / or the service mitigation (s) and / or true organ (s) t and / or parts thereof (3) or the experimental animal (s) a) A tissue acquisition tray (6) secured to a perforated tray (5) supported by a clamping screw (22) is a perforated tray (5) and a tissue collection tray (6) with clamps (20) sliding on the retaining shaft (7) to the frame support bar. (ld) coupled to the retaining shaft (7) with a knurling pin adjustably movable (23) with a rubber rubber knotted pin (8), with a ratchet, a "ratchet" wire feeder (9) and a known guide wire sponge (27) ) is fixed and slid into the base bracket (1) by means of bracket fixing bolts (35) with a bracket bracket (la) which has a practical program bracket (down) and a clamping joint (33) the program bracket (12) is fixed and the adjusting screw (34) is held in the body bracket (la) a dashboard support bar (lb) and a removable dashboard (11) slid therethrough, and an insulating cloth holder (10) secured to the practical program carrier bar (le), the dashboard carrier bar (lb), sliding fasteners (32). Educational aid according to Claim 1, characterized in that the frames (4) of stainless or plastic, which are circular, elliptical, square or rectangular, have different thickness, elasticity, consistency (compactness, porosity), elongation, extensibility and color-based, bonded and / or pressed and / or sewn-together, imitating a sheet or body of a tissue or organ of a particular surgical function to be modeled, and / or individually applied plastic and / or foam and / or resin / or rubber and / or polyurethane foam and / or foil and / or imitation leather and / or leather and / or felt felted natural fibers and / or textile layers such as tissue or servitatum (s) and / or real fabric (s) and / or fragments thereof (2) and / or servitude (s) and / or true organ (s) and / or fragments thereof (3) They are tensioned by means of layer tensioning screws (13). Educational aid according to claim 2, characterized in that the layers, the layer compositions, the tissue mimic (s) (2) and / or the real tissue (s) and / or parts thereof and / or the service mite (s) (3). and / or real and / or artificial bone (17) and connective tissue member (s) are inserted between and / or inside the real organ (s) and / or parts thereof, as appropriate for the surgical task, and plastic, rubber tubes or real , thicker and / or thinner prepared vascular formula (s) (18) and / or plastic element (s) modeling the neural formula (s) or a real, thicker and / or thinner prepared neural formula (s) (19) that you occasionally model your vascular formula (s) for plastic tubing or real, thicker and / or thinner vascular formula (s) (18) surrounded by a blood pressure cuff filled with colored liquid or physiological saline, plastic bag (s) and infusion set (s) attached to the cataract rod (lb). 4. Educational aid according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the layers, layer compositions, tissue mimic (s) (2) and / or real tissue (s) and / or parts thereof and / or the service mite (s) (3) and / or real organ (s) and / or parts thereof and / or layers, layer compositions, tissue mimic (s) (2) and / or real tissue (s) and / or parts thereof and / or servitude (3) and / or real and / or artificial bone (17) and ligament inserted between and / or inside the real organ (s) and / or parts thereof7 EN 203 161 Β tissue element (s) and plastic material for modeling vascular structure (s), rubber tubing or real (thicker and / or thinner) vascular material (18) and / or plastic material for modeling nerve structure (s) or real, thicker and / or thinner prepared nerve formula (s) (19) and / or experimental animal (s) attached to a variable number of nuts through the perforations (21) of the perforated tray (5), or for layers, layer compositions, tissue mimics (2) and / or your real text and / or parts thereof and / or the servitude (s) (3) and / or the real organ (s) and / or layers , layered compositions, inserted between and / or inside the tissue imitate (s) (2) and / or real tissues) and / or parts thereof and / or the servitites (3) and / or the real organ (s) and / or parts thereof real and / or artificial bone (17) and connective tissue for the element (s) and the plastic modeling vessel (s) for rubber tubing or for the real (thicker and / or thinner) prepared vessel (18) and / or plastic element (s) for modeling the nerve formula (s) , for thicker and / or thinner prepared nerve formula (19) and / or experimental animal (s), magnets are attached by sutures and these fixed magnets are attached to a perforated iron tray (5). Educational aid according to Claim 1, characterized in that in the spindle housing (25) of the ratchet "ratchet" thread feeder (9), the spindle shaft (38) extending the retaining shaft (7) is inserted into the corresponding recess of the interchangeable thread spindle (40). having a rotatable gear (37) with a protruding cam (41) having a steel plate (28) fixed to the wall of the spindle housing (25), an interchangeable filament spindle (40) pulled on the spindle shaft (38) and the thread adjusting screw (24) is elongated or retracted according to the thread spindle size. there is a loose steel spring (39). Educational aid according to Claim 1, characterized in that the stand (42) of the base frame (1) is guided through the base screws (31) to compensate for the unevenness of the base (43) and by means of the fixing bolts (30) of the base frame (1). consists of splitting couplings.