HU198755B - Degreasing and engine washing agent - Google Patents

Abstract

A degreasing and engine cleaning mixt. contains the following components (in wt.%): 84-90 hydrocarbon 4-6 anionic surfactant pref. 11-12C alkyl-benzene-sulphonic-acid salts namely: alkali; ammonium, amine or alkanol-amine salts, 6-10 emulsifiers, of a mixt. of at least two synergistic pts., as 3-5 polyethoxylated-fatty-alcohols (of 10-15C and ethoxy value 2-6 pref. 3.7-4.3), and 3-5 of an aromatic-dicarboxylic (pref. phthalic) acid-ester-deriv. where one of the acid gps. is esterified by the same polyethoxylated-fatty-alcohol as in the other pt. The other carboxylic gp. is in salt form, as an alkali; ammonium, amine or alkanol-amine salt.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a degreasing and motor-wash composition which is advantageously used to remove contaminants adhering to lubricating grease-to-oil contaminants or dust and mud contaminated with lubricating grease and / or oil, particularly passenger and lorries and agricultural machinery.

Such grease-to-oil and soaked dust and mud contaminants are characterized by a high adhesion to vehicle surfaces, in particular their ribbed or articulated surfaces, and their removal therefrom either mechanically or by the use of high-pressure air or test jets. is not possible. For this reason, they have long been producing compositions which, due to their degreasing and cleaning action, have been more or less suitable for the removal of such impurities. Typically, these degreasing compositions consist of a mixture of various hydrocarbon solvents and emulsifiers, whereby the hydrocarbon solvents are generally selected from the group consisting of petroleum, gas oil and spindle oil, and the emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of anionic and nonionic surfactants. Among the anionic emulsifiers employed are primary alkyl sulfonates, petroleum sulfonates, calcium salts of alkyl benzene sulfonic acids, mono- and diesters of orthophosphoric acid, and ethylene oxide adducts thereof. Most commonly, nonionic emulsifiers include fatty acid esters of alcohols, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, ethylene oxide adducts of fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, ethylene oxide adducts of alkyl alcohols, ethylene oxide adducts of fatty alcohols, ethylene oxide adducts of amines, etc. used. These known degreasing compositions, depending on their composition, contain other auxiliary components such as corrosion protection agents such as various fatty acid sarcosines, salts of petroleum sulfonates and further additives such as fatty acids, vegetable oils and the like. may also be included.

Among the degreasing compositions generally described above, for example, is the product marketed under the trade name Brigéciol T-II, which is available from the Technical University of Budapest, Institute of Water Management and Hydraulic Engineering, No. 240.815 / 83. from its research report, and is highly regarded by industry for its excellent washing and cleaning properties. The composition of this composition is characterized in that it contains 86% hydrocarbon fraction, predominantly petroleum, and 14% emulsifier, diethylene triamine oleate and ethoxyyramine triethanolamine soap. A similar degreasing composition is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 2,583,165. U.S. Pat. No. 5,123,195, which is suitable for cleaning metal surfaces of various contaminants. Its composition is characterized in that it contains a water-insoluble fat solvent, mainly refined petroleum having a density of 0.70-0.85 and water-soluble oleate as an emulsifier. Rather, it discloses a composition for removing deposits of mechanical equipment such as contaminants adhering to metal surfaces or burned onto

No. 2,935,479 U.S. Pat. The composition of this composition is characterized in that it contains 40-70% ethyl acetate, 2-20% ethylene glycol monoethyl ether and 25-60% glaze of a special carboxylic acid inner ester. Industrial Car Wash Composition No. 3,816,351 also applies. U.S. Pat. No. 4,123,123, which discloses an aqueous emulsion formulation for use in cleaning vehicles covered with mud and oil-soils. This preparation contains 51-89% water-soluble potassium and sodium carbonate, borates, phosphates and 10-30%

6 to 8 moles of ethylene oxide and 6 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide and 9 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide; It consists of N-lauryl-beta-iminodipropionate. Reference is made to U.S. Patent No. 1,621,649, which describes a composition for cleaning explosive engines. U.S. Patent No. 4,123,198, which, in addition to a mixture of aliphatic or aromatic solvents, contains esters of cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids, derivatives of ethylene carboxylic acid, butylene carboxylic acids, and xylene, toluene and ethyl or butyl acetate, wherein the composition of the invention diesel oil, gasoline, various greases and oils, and a mixture of oils and inorganic materials for the cleaning of contaminated metal surfaces. According to German Patent No. 1,753,849, various metal surfaces, particularly contaminated surfaces of engines, can be cleaned very effectively with a composition containing chlorinated hydrocarbons. It is expected that the composition of the composition will contain trichlorethylene or perchlorethylene as the solvent component and alkylphenol 50, as glycol ether as a surfactant, and a cycloaliphatic amine such as cyclohexylamine, as well as an ammonium salt of succinic acid. No. 2,356,341. German Patent No. 5,198,115 discloses a process for cleaning metal surfaces covered with greasy and oily soils, wherein the metal surfaces contaminated with oily substances are cleaned with an unstable aqueous emulsion composition wherein the cleaning and degreasing component is θθ organic solvent, such as petroleum, or perchlorethylene, trichlorethylene, and the surfactant component is an alkyl sulfonate, an alkyl polyglycol ether sulfonate, and an aqueous solution of alkali phosphates. Zirtirt65 is a metal flouring and corrosion inhibiting composition

HU 198755 et is described in U.S. Patent No. 186,613. The composition of the invention is characterized in that it contains 60-95% of a hydrocarbon fraction containing 10-30% aromatic, 5-20% naphthenic and 50-85% paraffinic hydrocarbons. according to the prior art, they are obtained by mixing petroleum, diesel and spindle oils in the appropriate proportions, and contain from 5 to 40%, preferably from 9 to 15, of 5 to 40% polyglycol esters as emulsifying components. and its ester-forming components are saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acids having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms, and finally contain, as a corrosion inhibitor, N-acyl sarcosine or an alkali salt thereof having an acyl group of 1 to 15 aliphatic acyl radicals; sarcosine or the N-capryl sarcosine sodium salt is used. The composition further comprises 5% of unsaturated carboxylic acids having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms and / or 10% of vegetable oil to increase the viscosity.

It is known that the general requirements for degreasing preparations are:

- all types of dirt should be completely removed;

- short time to remove impurities;

- the cleaning agent must not cause corrosion during the cleaning operation;

- dirt and degreasing agents themselves can be easily and simply removed;

- the cleaning process is not polluting;

- degreasing preparations are not flammable or according to MSZ III. or of category .C ';

- not be harmful to health;

- the specific cleaning costs should be as low as possible.

With respect to these eyelashes, it can be stated that none of the above-described formulations, which are considered to be the most advanced so far, can fully meet these requirements, such as Brigéciol T-ll, which accounts for about 80-85% of all degreasing formulations Although it has an excellent cleaning effect, it does not meet the new environmental requirements because the emulsion emitted during the cleaning process cannot be broken down by known methods and has the significant disadvantage of its low corrosion inhibiting effect. Similarly, it has the disadvantage of U.S. Patent No. 2,583,165. The composition according to U.S. Pat. No. 4,629,600 does not contain a corrosion inhibitor and additionally has a very poor washing effect. No. 2,935,479. The purifying effect of the US patent serine formulation is also below the desired value and has the further significant disadvantage of using a water-soluble ethylene glycol derivative which remains in aqueous solution during water purification and contaminates living waters. No. 3,816,351. A disadvantage of the US patented formulation is that its detergent effect is less than that of hydrocarbon-based cleaners, it also contains no corrosion inhibitor and contains large amounts of inorganic salts, such as sodium carbonate, which makes it unsuitable for washing motor blocks containing aluminum. No. 1,621,649. a disadvantage of the composition according to German patent application is that it contains a mixture of solvents which are extremely flammable; For example, xylene and toluene are in the .A category of flammability. No. 1,753,849. A very significant disadvantage of the composition according to German patent application is that it contains, on the one hand, highly toxic chlorinated hydrocarbons as a solvent and, on the other hand, a large amount of amine which strongly corrodes the copper-containing equipment parts during purification. Similarly, it has the disadvantage of U.S. Patent No. 2,056,341. The composition of the German patent does not contain unsatisfactory levels of chlorinated hydrocarbons and alkaline phosphate which are harmful to health and impede corrosion. No. 186,613. and the disadvantages of the composition according to U.S. Pat. No. 4,600,197 are as follows: 1% by weight of sodium salt of N-lauryl sarcosine or N-capryl sarcosine, in particular in the presence of oleic acid, linoleic acid and vegetable oil components; the hydrocarbon fractions used, such as gas oil, but especially spindle oil, are unsuitable economically and, ultimately, the high biodegradability of the composition in the waste water resulting from the high ethylene oxide content of the formulation, 9-15 in the embodiments. So far, the known degreasing compositions can be found to consist of 60-85% of various hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof,

8-40% emulsifiers and 5-10% other carriers, such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 1,753,849. German Patent No. 5,056,341, to Ammonium Succinic Acid; U.S. Pat. No. 4,666,135 to alkali phosphates, which otherwise increase the surfactant activity; According to the Hungarian patent, they consist of unsaturated carboxylic acids and / or vegetable oils having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms and their hydrocarbon fraction is selected so that they have a sufficient purifying effect due to their proper fat and oil solubility. In summary, the general drawbacks of the known liposoluble compositions are that they have rather weak corrosion inhibiting properties - ho-35

HU 198755 Β Complex corrosion protection is very important for the cleaning and maintenance of equipment containing a wide variety of structural materials, such as sheet steel body parts, steel cast blocks, alloyed aluminum cylinder heads, soft solder metal coolers, copper and aluminum wires, last but not least, the organic matter content of the waste water generated by their use is high, generally above 10 mg / l, which is the threshold value for release into living waters.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art liposoluble formulations described above by

- have an excellent cleaning effect;

- do not cause corrosion during cleaning;

- the cleaning time required is shorter compared to similar formulations known hitherto;

- specific material usage less Ticket;

- the emulsion wastewater generated during the purification process can be rapidly and cheaply decomposed by the chemicals currently used in wastewater treatment technologies;

- meet the requirements of the .C fire hazard class;

- do not require special equipment when using it;

- be capable of operating at temperatures down to -20 ° C or higher by virtue of their cold-resistant properties;

- be toxicologically acceptable.

According to our research and the studies according to the above aspects, this object is achieved by the present invention with a degreasing and motor-wash composition comprising 84-90% by weight of hydrocarbon component, 4-6% by weight of anionic surface tension reducing agent, such as 11-12 carbon atoms. an alkali, ammonium, amine or alkanolamine salt of dodecyl and / or tetrapropylene benzenesulfonic acid and emulsifiers of 6 to 10% by weight, characterized in that, as emulsifier, there are at least two emulsifier components with synergistic effect, Thus, it contains from 3 to 5% by weight of a polyethoxy fatty alcohol having a carbon number of from 10 to 15 and an ethoxy from 2 to 6, preferably from 3.7 to 4.3, and from 3 to 5% by weight of a phthalic acid ester salt in which the phthalic acid one of its acid groups is esterified with polyethoxy fatty alcohols having from 10 to 15 carbon atoms and from 2 to 6, preferably from 3.7 to 4.3, and the other acid group is alkaline, is converted to the onium, amine or alkanolamine salt.

In a preferred embodiment of the composition according to the invention, the two emulsifier components are present in such proportions that the polyethoxy fatty alcohol is present in 4% xx and the phthalic acid ester salt is 3.5% xx.

A preferred hydrocarbon component in the composition may be a 7: 1 mixture of petroleum and / or petroleum and hydrocarbon rich in petroleum and aromatic fraction, which may distil 96X at 96 ° C.

In connection with the above characterization of the composition of the invention, the following is noted. The petroleum component used in the composition has a boiling point between 180 and 300 ° C, a flash point between 55 and 70 ° C and a freezing point below -35 ° C, according to Marcusson. However, it should be emphasized that the fat and oil solubility of the hydrocarbon fraction used is not decisive in comparison to its prior art formulations, since the emulsifier components provide the cleaning effect, i.e. the removal of fat and oil, of the present invention. . The hydrocarbon fraction in the composition according to the invention is in fact only a carrier for the anti-ulcer acids and the surfactant component, because it promotes their spreading and penetration into the impurities. Because the relative is very cool. The effective penetration of emulsifiers and surfactant components into their impurities can only occur if the hydrocarbon component, together with the active ingredients dissolved therein, is well dispersed and encapsulates the oil-35 grease impurity particles. This is followed by an emulsification process in the final step of the cleaning process, whereby the emulsifier substances in the composition of the present invention exhibit a highly effective wetting, emulsifying and dispersing action as a result of their synergistic action, whereby both the impurities and the vehicle they get in shape. The composition of the present invention also has the property of one of the constituents of the emulsifier component, namely the compound formed during the neutralization with an aliphatic amine or alkanolamines, such as triethanol, as one of the constituents of the emulsifier component. The salts with fimine or diethanolamine have excellent corrosion inhibitory properties and do not exhibit corrosion effects on various metal surfaces, either during application or after washing with water.

In addition to their individual surface tension lowering, wetting and emulsifying effects, the nidids and emulsifier components of the compositions of the present invention exhibit a synergistic, additional flocculating effect. Our studies presented in the embodiments clearly demonstrated this synergistic

EN 198755 Β and critical micelle concentrations and sizes in aqueous solutions also appear to be most favorable. In addition to being the most potent detergent in this process, it has also been shown that the surfactant contains from 11 to 12 carbon atoms and at least two of the fatty acids in the emulsifier components are also most advantageous in terms of the biological purity, i.e. degradability, of the resulting wastewater. They have from 10 to 15 carbon atoms and their ethoxy scheme is low, from 2 to 6, preferably from 3.7 to 4.3. Our comparative studies presented in connection with our exemplary embodiments have clearly shown that the wastewater produced in the formulations of the present invention is much more favorable than hitherto in terms of chemical degradability and aqueous oil residuality, which is the basis of biodegradability. preparations.

The role of the hydrocarbon component used in the formulations of the present invention as a carrier for the surfactant component and emulsifiers in the formulations was also investigated. It has been found that the petroleum component is suitable, but it is also desirable to combine it with an aromatic-rich hydrocarbon fraction for a purification operation at temperatures below 0 ° C. Such an aromatic rich hydrocarbon fraction is well-known commercially available as Aromatol, which has an initial boiling point of 96% and a density in the range of 0.840-0.875 between 135 ° C and 142-200 ° C. The amount of such application may, if appropriate, be such that the composition itself still meets the flammability level specified in the standards, so that in general the ratio of kerosene to Aromatol may be in the range of 515% by weight, preferably about 7;

The invention is illustrated by the following non-limiting examples.

Example 1

Composition of Degreasing and Motor Wash Preparation:

Petroleum

Polyethoxy lauryl,

- where the ethoxy number is 4: Phthalic acid, polyethoxy lauryl alcohol monoester sodium salt, - where the ethoxy number is 4 Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium salt The preparation is a bright yellow liquid with a density at 20 ° C.

87.5% by weight

4.0 massX

3.5 massX 60

At 5.0% w / w, pll at 20 ° C in 3% aqueous solution has a flash point according to Marcusson

818 kg / m ³ above 7.0 ° C below -30 ° C

Example 2

Preparation and composition of degreasing and motor washer:

Weigh 250 kg of kerosene into a ³ ml composition duplicator and add 50 kg of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium salt, previously neutralized with sodium hydroxide to pH 7.0, in a separate apparatus. The temperature of the material was adjusted to 40 ° C and homogenized for 1/2 hour at 60 rpm. Thereafter, 40 kg of polyethoxy fatty alcohol is added with continued stirring, the fatty alcohol having a mixture of 10 to 15 carbon atoms but predominantly lauryl alcohol and its ethoxy number.

4.3. In a separate apparatus, the monoester of the same composition of polyethoxy fatty alcohol and phthalic anhydride is prepared in a known manner. and neutralized with 50% sodium hydroxide solution to pH 7.0, and 35 kg of this is added to the reactor solution with continuous stirring. The material is then homogenized with further stirring for 1/2 hour and 525 kg of petroleum and 100 kg of Aromatol, i.e., aromatically rich gasoline fraction and the whole, are added to the mixture with continuous stirring.

The yellow liquid thus produced having a density at 20 ° C and a pH of 20 ° C in a 3% aqueous solution has a flash point according to Marcusson.

Example 3

Petroleum

Polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol,

- where the fatty alcohols have a carbon number of 10-15 and an ethoxy number of 3,7 phthalic acid polyethoxyoxyalcohol monoester triethanolamine salt, - where the fatty alcohols have a carbon number of 10-15 and the ethoxysanic acid has 3.7Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium hour. the hockey line is shiny for a long time,

810 kg / m ³

Above 7.0 ° C below -35 ° C by weight% by weight% by weight

HU 198755 Β

The preparation is a bright yellow liquid with a density at 20 ° C, the flash point is as determined by Marcusson.

820 kg / m ³ above -25 ° C

Example 6

Composition of Degreasing and Motor Wash Preparation:

Example 4

Degrease and Motor Wiper Item:

Petroleum

Polyethoxylated fatty alcohols,

- wherein the fatty alcohols have a carbon number of 10-15 and an ethoxy number of 4 Falsal v-polyethoxyl alcohol monoester diamine salt, - wherein the fatty alcohols have a carbon number of 10-15 and an ethoxy number 4 Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid diethanolamine salt a bright yellow liquid having a density at 20 ° C in a 3% aqueous solution at 20 ° C, the flash point of which according to Marcusson is the pour point of the preparation

3.5 massX massX

822 kg / m ³

7.0 ° C below -25 ° C

Petroleum

Polyethoxy lauryl,

- where the ethoxyl number is 4 Falsal v-polyethoxyl lauryl10 alcohol monoester amino ammonium salt, - where the ethoxy number is 4 Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid-L rie tanolamine salt The composition is a bright yellow liquid with a density of 20 PH of the horse at 20 ° C in 3X aqueous solution is the horse's boiling point according to Marcussun;

821 kg / m ³

7.2 ° C below -25 ° C

We also performed a toxicological study of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which resulted in an acute oral inhalation toxicity LD50 µl / kg> 11666 for acute delirium and boron irritation in all delays. mild and none are toxic according to the overall rating.

Example 7

Example 5

Degrease and Motor Wiper Item:

Petroleum

Polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol,

- wherein the fatty alcohols have a carbon number of 10-15 and an ethoxy number of 4 F polyethoxy fatty alcohol mono-esters of fatty acids - triethanolamine salt, - wherein the fatty alcohols have a carbon number of 10-15 and an ethoxy number 4 Tetrapropylene benzenesulfonic acid-diethanolamine salt a bright yellow liquid having a density at 20 ° C in a 3% aqueous solution at a temperature of 20 ° C, the flash point of which according to Marcusson is the sum of the composition is 88% by weight by weight by weight

822 kg / m ³

Above 7.1 ° C. Below -25 ° C

Comparative example of a synergistic effect:

⁴⁰ were prepared in 1), 2) and 3) are compositions which had the same amount of the hydrocarbon component and the tenzidköwponens and their quality can be identical vo 't.

^Similarly , the emulsifier component was the same in all three comparative examples, but as the only variable, the quality of the emulsifier component was different, ^ΰ θ so that only one emulsifier type was present in formulation 1), but the sum of the two emulsifier types according to the invention. Only the other emulsifier species g is present in formulation 2, but also at a concentration corresponding to the sum of the two emulsifier species of the invention. Finally, in Formulation 3, both types of emulsifier are present at a concentration corresponding to the sum of the two emulsifier wives of the present invention.

Thus, in the three comparative studies, we could determine the effects of different types of emulsifiers on the otherwise constant θθ parameters:

-611

EN 198755 1 1: 1 mixture of spindle oil 0-30 and machine oil G-20 emulsifying agent hydrocarbon component;

the weight ratio of hydrocarbon component / water to be emulsified is the same; 5 emulsion formation is the same, ie 1000 ml—

shaking 20 times in a glass beaker;

emulsion formation temperature 298 ° K;

the emulsion was isolated by settling for 5 hours at 10 298 ° K.

The evaluation of the emulsifying effect is called the so-called. emulsion number

Ve - Vo

E = = - x 100 (volumeX)

This was done by plotting where Es2 is the emulsion number, Ve is the volume of emulsified oil and Vo is the volume of oil separated over a given time. 2C

The results and data of the comparative experiments are summarized in the table below.

_._ 25

E.g. No. 2 3, no. preparation

Hydrocarbon% by weight Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid diethanolamine salt% X Polyethoxyl lauryl alcohol (ethoxy 3.8) Phthalic acid polyethoxyl lauryl alcohol mono87.5 87.5 87.5

5.0 5.0 5.0

7.5 - 4.0

ester of ethanolamine dig A is the number 1 621 649. German patent —Salt (Ethox. 3.8) - 7.5 3.5 B is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 186,613. Hungarian Ve emulsified oil ml 50 50 50 and C is Brigeciol Vo isolated oil ml 40 ψ-ii Hungarian products At 298 ° K after 5 h 28.2 30.6 12.8 bottom. Further, D, E, F, G and H are samples Eat emulsion number Examples 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of this description % by volume 43.6 38.8 74.5 preparations.

It is clear from the data of the comparative experiment that there is a synergistic effect for the emulsifier components of the invention, since the emulsion number, i.e. the emulsifying ability, is nearly twice that of the two emulsifiers alone.

Applicability studies were also conducted with the compositions of the present invention in comparison with known and commercially available compositions of the same type. In these tests, model elements were used which corresponded to the motor and body surfaces of the vehicles. The cleaning compositions were sprayed and the water washed with a water jet of the same pressure and temperature in each case according to the industrial practice. Chemical decomposition of an aluminum sulphate solution was also carried out according to the usual operations to decompose the aqueous emulsions formed during the purification process. In our comparative studies, we determined the minimum required amounts of the comparative known compositions and the compositions of the invention, the material cost per 1 m <^2> surface to be cleaned, their corrosion inhibitory ability, the degradability of the resulting waste water emulsion and the amount of oil remaining in phase. These data and results are summarized in the following table, where samples A, B, and C are known formulations,

THE B C D E F G H Preparation of g / m ² applied to stained sheet 150 153 158 143 128 141 142 138 Preparation g / m ² applied to engine blocks 141 143 147 135 123 137 137 133 its price is Ft / m ² 14.6 7.8 8.2 7.7 7.1 7.8 7.8 7.4 Time between application and washing in minutes 18 16 20 16 14 17 16 15 Cleansing effect excellent good excellent excellent excellent Emulzióbonthatóság good good - good good good good good Anti-corrosion effect weak public. weak excellent excellent Waste water after emulsion dismantling. mg / 1 22 17 emulsions. 8 8 8 8 8

Claims (2)

PATENT CLAIMS A degreasing and motor wash composition comprising 84-90% by weight of a hydrocarbon compound, 4-6% by weight of anionic surface tension reducing agent, such as C11-C12 alkyl, preferably dodecyl and / or tetrapropyl-Ί-benzenesulfonic acid. an alkali, aninonium, amine or alkanolamine salt and from 6 to 10% by weight of an emulsifier, characterized in that the emulsifier requires at least two synergistic emulsifier co-constituents, such as 3-5% by weight of polyethoxy fatty alcohol, wherein the fatty alcohol has a carbon number of from 10 to 15 and an ethoxy number of from 2 to 6, preferably from 3.7 to 4.3, and from 3 to 5% by weight of a phthalic acid ester salt wherein one of the acid groups of the phthalic acid has It is esterified with 6, preferably 3.7 to 4.3 ethanol polyethoxy fatty alcohols ^, and the other acid group is converted to the alkali, ammonium, amine or alkanolamine salts. Composition according to Claim 1, characterized in that it contains 4% by weight of polyethoxy fatty alcohol and 3.5% by weight of half-phthalic acid salt. The above comparative data demonstrates that the compositions of the present invention required smaller amounts of material to clean contaminated surfaces, had excellent cleaning performance, cost less, had good emulsion degradation and significantly less oil content in the separated effluent phase after emulsion disintegration. Summarizing the advantages of the compositions of the present invention over the previously known degreasing and motor cleansing compositions for similar purposes, it can be concluded that - in addition to their excellent grease and oil solubility, they have above-average foreign oil absorbency, which means they can incorporate all kinds of mineral oils, such as used oils, oils for gearboxes, engines and differentials, into 20 emulsions; - motor vehicles do not cause corrosion to any structural material; - due to their synergistic effect, due to their increased cleaning efficiency, they have a lower specific material requirement, a shorter cleaning time and thus a more economical application; - have sufficient cold-resistance capacity; 30 - they are toxicologically acceptable and do not contain substances that are harmful to health; - the waste water resulting from their application can be easily decomposed by emulsion-decomposition processes used in industrial practice, since, for example, after the addition of solutions containing 20 to 50% aluminum sulphate or couleur chloride in quantities of 100 to 300 g / m ³ , After an hour, their emulsion separates into 40 phases and the oil content remaining in the lower aqueous phase can be kept below 10 mg / l, meaning that the water can be discharged into the sewer or into the living water. 45