HU197828B - Process for improving the inside value of plants and composition for this production - Google Patents

Abstract

The harvesting of plant crops is facilitated by spraying the crops with aq. solns. contg. 0.5-1.5 wt.% 1,1-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridyl -dibromide and 0.3-1.0 wt.% potassium-chloride. The agents may be sprayed in separate solns. The solns. are made up from a prepn. contg. 40 wt.% 1,1-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridylium -di-bromide and a potassium fertiliser contg. the amt. of potassium-chloride corresponding to 60% potassium equivs.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for improving the nutritional value of plants. The invention further relates to a composition suitable for carrying out the process.

The current rapid development of agriculture makes it necessary to harvest crops, preferably by mechanical means. However, in order to carry out this operation economically, the moisture content and the ripening stage of the plants should be as uniform as possible. Nature does not fully meet this modern requirement and has been and is currently pursuing technologies that provide the best possible simultaneous maturity. The best solution to date has been spraying plants containing 1,1-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridylium dibromide (diquat dibromide). There is also a commercially available formulation under the name Région containing 40% of 1,1-ethylene-2,2 ^, -dipyridylium dibromide; with this product they can provide an average ripening time of 7 to 10 days (Dr. Aurél Kádár: Plant Protection II.r. 297; Dr. Gábor Ubrizay: Encyclopedia of Plant Protection Vol. I p. 143) if 3 liters are sprayed per hectare . Practice has shown that the use of a smaller amount does not produce a significant result, but if the dose is increased, the time required for the degradation of the active ingredient will be longer and thus the start of harvest will be delayed.

In addition, the use of larger amounts of material increases the level of environmental contamination and, in any case, the considerable costs of treatment.

Attempts have been made to determine how the minimum amount of 1,1-ethylene-2,2 'dipyridylium dibromide required for treatment can be significantly reduced, without however impairing the effect.

Surprisingly, our experiments have shown that the minimum uniform amount of 1,1-ethylene-2,2'-diphenyldilium di bromide can be reduced to about half when providing alkali metal chlorides for the treatment of plants, to ensure rapid and uniform maturation. Particularly preferably potassium chloride is used. When 1,1-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridine-lumium dibromide and alkali metal chloride are used together, the uniform maturation time during the heaving period is reduced to a significantly shorter time (usually up to 4 days) than previously achieved. In cooler weather the maturation time does not change significantly; Here again, however, there is the advantage that the amount of 1,1-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridylium dibromide hitherto considered ineffective also produces the desired maturation acceleration effect. Thus, alkali metal chlorides enhance the biological activity of the dipyridyl compound.

Alkali metal chlorides on marmalade are completely harmless even when used in large quantities, as evidenced by the fact that potassium chloride is used everywhere as a fertilizer. Detailed information on the effects of potassium and chloride ions can be found in Wener Bergmann's "Occurrence and Assessment of Eating Disorders in Cultivated Plants" (Agricultural Publisher, Budapest, 1979). Neither this summary nor the other references cited therein suggest that dipotassium metal chlorides alone have maturation accelerating activity or enhance maturation accelerating activity.

As a further advantage, we have found that treatment with 1,1-ethylene-2,2-dipyridylium dibromide and alkali metal chloride 2 on plants with optimum moisture content improves the harvest of the treated plants! its values. According to our experience, the optimum moisture content of the rape is 23-28% by weight, while in the case of sunflower it is 37-43% by weight. These plants showed increased oil content of the seeds, increased germination of the seeds, improved viability of the seedlings and improved shell / gut ratio.

The present invention therefore relates to a process for improving the content of plants, such that the plants comprise 0.5-1.5% by weight of 1,1-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridylium dibromide and 3.3-1.0% by weight of alkali metal. chloride (particularly preferably potassium chloride) or aqueous solutions of the active ingredients 3 are successively sprayed.

The invention further relates to a composition suitable for carrying out the above process comprising 0.5-1.5% by weight of 1,1-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridylium dibromide and 0.3-1.0% by weight of alkali metal chloride (in particular preferably potassium chloride) in aqueous solution.

The alkali metal chlorides need not be used in the pure state for the purpose of the invention; equally good results are obtained when using mixtures of alkali metal chloride materials (for example, commercially available potassium chloride, 60% potassium equivalent as potassium chloride as an active ingredient). This circumstance significantly improves the economy of the process and composition of the invention.

In our experiments, we found that using a spray containing 0.5-1.5% by weight of 1,1-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridyldibromide and 0.3-1% by weight of potassium chloride (or its equivalent in potassium fertilizer) as if the dipyridyl compound alone had been used at the highest total concentration of 2.5% by weight. In practical terms, this means that while the Régióné commercial product requires 3 liters per hectare, i.e. 1.2 kg of dipyridyl compound, less than 1 kg per hectare is used according to the invention, and this amount is up to 72%. - the expensive 1,1-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridilium dibromide. In addition to being economical, this also has the advantage of reducing degradation time and thereby reducing the risk of environmental pollution. Of great importance is the fact that the process and composition of the present invention can be used effectively in a wide range of commercially grown plant species. such as seedlings, turnips, clover, white clover, sunflower, oilseed rape, maize, potato, rice, etc. was good experimental results.

The preparation of the composition is extremely simple as it essentially requires only dissolution and mixing.

The following examples illustrate the composition of the composition and the experimental result achieved.

example

1.5 liters of commercially available Reglone (40% by weight solution containing 1,1-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridyldium dibromide) was dissolved in 38 liters of water and mixed with 0.4 kg of 60% potassium fertilizer in 5 liters of water. and the volume of the resulting mixture was made up to 50 liters with water.

197,828

Example 2

Spray agent was prepared from 1.0 L of Reglone and 0.7 kg of potassium fertilizer as described in Example 1.

Example 3 5

On 200 hectares of sunflower plantation, airborne spraying was performed on 10 August 1983 at 501 hectares of the product of Example 1. The crop was harvested on 14 August. In a field sprayed with Reglone spray instead of potassium fertilizer as a control, the plant reached maturity in just 7 days to be machine-cut.

At the same time, an experiment was carried out on an area of 150 ha of sunflower with sprinkler of Example 2. Ripening also took 4 days.

Hereinafter, the composition according to the invention was tested at maglucema. On September 23, 1983 it was

An area of 100 hectares was sprayed with the sprayer described in Example 1, and 60 hectares of area 2θ was sprayed with the sprayer described in Example 2, and the plant was harvested on September 27 in high quality.

Example 4

Sprays were prepared by adding 8 to 8 ml of active compound to 10 volumes of water. Reglone (symbol R) was used as the active compound concentrate in the comparative experiments, and the active compound concentrate was used for testing the composition according to the invention in which potassium chloride was substituted with half of the amount of 1,1-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridyldiamide dibromide. (sign: DLK). Sprays were treated with 16.38 m ² plots of Citosol-3 sunflower hybrids on August 30, 1985, when the meadow moisture content was 37% by weight 35. On September 9, 1985, the plants were harvested and tested for content. The results of the tests are given in Table I.

Table I

Tested feature R DLK Gut content of meadow,% 75 76 Oil content of meadow,% 44.7 45.6 Germination capacity of meadow,% 92 95

Example 5

Autumn rape was sprayed with a sprayer containing Reglone (labeled R) as active ingredient, or a formulation where half of the Region was replaced by potassium chloride as potassium fertilizer (labeled DLK). Spraying was carried out on July 8, 1985, when the plant had a moisture content of 25% by weight. The plants were then sampled daily and the core moisture content was measured. The results are shown in Table II. in Table. 60

II. spreadsheet

Sampling Core Moisture, Weight / ·

Time R DLK July 9 25 23 July 10 22.8 22.2 July 11 22.5 15 July 12 13.5 10 July 13 11 11

The plants were harvested on July 14, and. We carried out a content analysis, the results of which

III. in Table. III. spreadsheet Tested feature untreated R DLK Germination% 6 days 84.78 75.44 83.97 10 days 88.75 84.9 89.59 Weight of 1000 grains, g 4.77 4.93 4.7 Red eyes, 100 pieces / piece 2.48 3.9 2.85 Oil content,% 44.6 43.81 44,51-

Claims

Claims (7)

Claims ]. A method for improving the nutritional value of plants, characterized in that the plants comprise 0.5-1.5% by weight of 1,1-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridylium dibromide and 0.3-1.0% by weight. sprayed with aqueous solution containing alkali metal chloride, or with solutions of each active ingredient. (Priority: September 23, 1987) The process according to claim 1, wherein the alkali metal chloride is potassium chloride. (Priority: 30/01/1984) 3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the dipyridyl compound is a composition comprising 40% by weight of 1,1-ethylene-2,2,1'-dipyridylium dibromide. (Priority: January 30, 1984) Process according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that potassium chloride is used in the form of potassium fertilizer. (Priority: 30/01/1984) Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the treatment of sunflower is carried out on a plant with a moisture content of 37 to 43% by weight. (Priority: September 23, 1987) 6. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the treatment of rape is carried out on a plant with a moisture content of 23 to 28% by weight. (Priority: September 23, 1987) 7. A composition for improving the nutritional value of plants, comprising 0.5-1.5% by weight of 1,1-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridyldium dibromide and 0.3-1.0% by weight of alkali metal chloride in aqueous solution. (Priority: 23/09/1987) The composition of claim 7, wherein the alkali metal chloride is potassium chloride. (Priority: January 30, 1984) S. The composition of claim 8, wherein the tip comprises potassium chloride in the form of potassium fertilizer. (Priority: 30/01/1984)