HU197160B - Method for simultaneous raising maize and sorghum for purpose of silo fodder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for joint cultivation of corn and sorghum for silage production. According to the invention, the sorghum is placed over the corn in each individual row. It is advantageous to use panacea without sorghum. The corn is planted with 50,000 to 60,000 plants / ha, sorghum with 200,000 to 220,000 plants / ha. The sowing time is adapted to the heat requirements of the sorghum, the harvest to the moisture content of the corn. It is also advantageous if the sorghum particles remaining on the field after harvesting are repelled and these are allowed to grow, so that a yield can be harvested again.

Description

The present invention relates to a process for the co-production of maize and sorghum to produce silage. It is known that forage sorghum is able to produce significantly more green fruits than maize, but corn is significantly more energy-efficient than sorghum. That is why various attempts have been made to grow maize and sorghum together.

It is known that maize and circus are alternately sown, for example, two rows of corn, two rows of circus, then two rows of corn, etc. This solution did not produce satisfactory results.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a process which provides significantly better yields than known. In our experiments we found that when the circus is sown in the same row over the corn (so-called double-sowing), the yields are surprisingly improved. If so-called. we use a headless sorghum variety for even better results.

Shelled sorghum varieties are characterized by the fact that they are not eye-catching in European conditions. Therefore, they always remain fresh, do not become fibrous, retain their nutritional value and can be harvested at any time. In this way, only the parameters of the maize are to be taken into account at harvest, since the parameters of the maize are not significantly altered.

Combining sorghum with a maize that has a short optimum harvest period similar to maize, it is very difficult or impossible to choose a harvest time when both corn and sorghum are of sufficient quality.

Unshelled sorghum hatches later than corn and develops more slowly. It will later become sexually mature, so it will not interfere with the fertilization of the maize. Later, however, it will bring its development backward. Sorghum is drought-tolerant because its root zone is deeper than that of corn. Thus, high-sorghum sorghum (which, according to the invention, is not separated from the maize in rows), provides a humid, cool microclimate in high summer heat. Due to the time shifts, the natural competition of the two plant species does not sharpen, they fit well with each other.

Because sowing can be done in one pass (with a micro-granular sprayer adapter attached to the maize sowing adapter), sowing costs are not increased.

Based on these findings, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of co-cultivating maize and sorghum for the production of silage fodder comprising sowing maize and circus in the same area and harvesting the two plants together. It was.

In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, a barley sorghum is sown.

The sowing of the two plants is preferably carried out in one pass.

It is preferable to sow maize 50-60 thousand δ ppm / ha and circus 200-200 thousand ppm / ha.

Seeding is preferably carried out when the soil temperature reaches 12-16 ° C for a long time.

It is preferred to sow the corn 5-6 cm deep and the circus 2-3 cm deep.

Harvesting is preferably carried out when the water content of the maize meets the conditions for silage.

In another preferred embodiment, the remaining sorghum is left to germinate and grow on the remaining stubble after harvest, and the resulting crop is harvested in the secondary.

In practice, the process of the invention is carried out as follows:

In the same row, double-row sowing, in a single pass, sowing the high-yielding corn hybrid and the silage (preferably unshelled) sorghum hybrid. The less heat-demanding maize develops rapidly and is so advantageous that it does not competition for sorghum. Sorghum is highly heat-demanding, so it develops at first, and then develops rapidly after the right amount of heat and root rot. By this time the maize had already formed a

n.agtermés. At this stage, sorghum outperforms the maize and produces multiple sludge yields. The large plant population used in vegetation ensures such a favorable microclimate that yields will be high even in the case of persistent drought.

Due to the higher carbohydrate content in our process, the silage of the feed is extremely safe and the mass feed produced in this way is almost equal to the silage made from maize.

In our experience, the process is not more expensive than conventional maize cultivation, but at the same time it produces about 40% more yield, so it is very economical.

By way of example, specific technological data for carrying out the invention are provided below:

The corn hybrid according to the recommendation of regional agronomy is sown together with silage sorghum without bugs. The time of sowing is chosen to suit the heat demand of sorghum. When the soil temperature reaches 12-15 ° C for a long time, the good-tubing dual-use maize hybrid (Pi 3965 AMTC, Pi 3764 ATC) is sown at a depth of 5-6 cm, with 4-5 germ (55-60 thousand db / ha) per running meter. Immediately afterwards (in one pass), the silage circus (G-98, G-1990 unsheathed, G-102 F and Succrosorgo 301 hybrids can be sown) at a depth of 2-3 cm, with 16 pieces (200-220 thousand pieces / ha) per tree . When sowing, the circus machine follows the corn machine. Single drilling can be carried out, for example, with a RAU MULTISEM seeder having a soil disinfectant dispenser 5 for sorghum.

Seeding is primarily recommended for sorghum with SPC seed drills, but any machine that can safely sow 200 to 220,000 sorghum seeds per hectare is possible. 10

The fertilization is the same as the technology adapted to the silage maize.

If sorghum seeds are dressed with Concep II. Moth 02, Maloran, Dual can be applied to monocots after sowing and before emergence. In the case of sorghum seeds without antidotum, the following solution is possible with regard to herbicide control: The sorghum develops very slowly after emergence, and it is only after the rooting of the roots that the growth and development intensify. In this 25-30 day period, it is especially important to ensure weed-free stock. The following agents are authorized for weed control of cirrus plants: Niticide 65 WP (Ramrod 65 WP, Satecid 65 WP) 5-6 kg / ha. Satecid AT-1 at a dose of 8 kg / ha.

The following herbicide combinations are recommended for the HYBAR Fodder sorghum production and utilization system tests in Ócsa:

- basic treatment, after sowing, before emergence (pre-emergence):

Humus content (%) Herbicide

Ingredient Amount

The active kg / ha 1.0 atrazine + propachlor 1.00 + 3.20 (Hungazin Rapida) atrazine + chlorinol 1.00 + 1.00 (Buvinol) atrazine + metobromuron 1.00 + 0.75 (Tank mix) 1.5 atrazine + propachlor 1.25 + 4.50 atrazine + chlorinol 1.25 + 1.25 atrazine + metobromuron 1.25 + (1.25-1.50) 2.0 atrazine + chlorobromuron 1.25 + (1.00-1.25) (Tank mix) metribuzin + terbutryn 0.45 + (2,00- 2.50)

(tank mix, on hard soil only)

The amount of water that can be used is 300-400 l / ha.

Thiocarbamate group herbicides (eg EPTC) must not be used!

The corn first emerges and begins to develop vigorously. The sorghum is 10-20 cm lower when taking the 50 stigmas of corn, so it does not cause any problems with fertilization. After the maize is fertilized, sorghum begins to grow vigorously and is 20 to 30 cm taller than the corn. The harvest must be adapted to the water content of the maize.

Harvesting is carried out with commonly used silage machines, but for better compaction it is advisable to use higher throughput silos (Hesston, Claas, etc.).

Here are the results:

experimental cultivation

Szekszárd Agricultural Plant

Corn of the invention: Mv-SC 484 Sorghum: G 1990 Sowing time: IV. 29 volts. 3. Area: 10 ha Fertilizer: N 165 kg, P2O5 50 kg, K2O 74 kg Precipitation during the growing season: 370.5 mm Time of harvest: IX. 24. Average yield: 37.19 t / ha

Control MV-SC 484

ARC. 29 volts. 3 37 ha

IX. 24 19.37 t / ha

See Salt Wheat MgTSZ Corn: Wed DC 488 Wed DC 488 Sorghum: G-98 - Sowing time: Sun 13. V. 13. Area: 70 ha 170 ha Yield: 42.5 t / ha Second crop: Seeding time: VI. 10th Area: 39 ha Average yield: 31.31 t / ha 30.09 t / ha Chopsticks Understanding MGTSZ According to the invention control Corn: Pi 3901 Pi 3901 Cirok: G 1990 - Area: 10 ha Precipitation during growing season: 134 mm 56 acres Yield: 31.0 t / ha Gold crown value: 8.5 25.0 t / ha

The plant number and sowing method were as described above in all three cases.

The process according to the invention also makes it possible to reclaim the remaining stubble after the harvest in mid-August without further sowing. The remaining sorghum, without having to do anything, is reaped and can be harvested again in October. This way you can harvest twice in the same area without a second crop.

In the known method, this possibility does not exist or can only be achieved with very poor utilization of the area (50%), since two rows of maize always alternate with two rows of sorghum and the place of corn is no longer utilized a second time. In contrast, in the process of the invention, the two plant species are all present together, so that the secondary sprouting sorghum utilizes the whole area.

Claims (8)

Patent Claims δ CLAIMS 1. A method of co-growing maize and sorghum for the production of silage forage, comprising sowing maize and circus in the same area and harvesting the two female females together, wherein the circus is raised above the maize in each row. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the ungulate sorghum is sown. 15 Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the two types of plants are sown in one pass. 4. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the maize is sown at a rate of 50 to 60 thousand hectares and the circus is 200 to 220 thousand hectares / ha. 5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sowing is carried out at a temperature of the soil 25 permanently reaches 12-16 ° C. 6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the maize is sown to a depth of 5-6 cm and the circus to a depth of 2-3 cm. 30 7. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the harvest is carried out when the water content of the corn is in accordance with the conditions of silage. 8. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that after harvesting, the remaining sorghum on the stubble is allowed to germinate and grow, and the resulting crop is then harvested in a secondary manner.