HU189116B - Underfired atmospheric water boiler particularly for gas firing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an atmospheric hot water boiler with downwardly disposed combustion chamber, in particular for gas firing, with which the amount of the air polluting Verbrennungsrueckstaende can be reduced and the efficiency can be increased, the preparation of the boiler, d. H. The manufacturing technology compared with the conventional boiler technology is much simpler and cheaper. The aim and object of the invention are to form the boiler so that it is easy to assemble and repair and allows complete combustion. The solution according to the invention can be characterized in that there are at least two water spaces communicating with one another, which are formed from concentrically arranged cylinder males. The Abgaszuege are arranged between the outer cylinder shell of the inner cylinder jacket pair, therein are advantageously three, the Verbrennungsrueckstaende on a spiral path compelling smoke deflecting baffles arranged. Furthermore, in the combustion chamber, a flame-deflecting element attached to the outer cylinder jacket of the inner water space and / or under the exhaust gas duct or under the exhaust gas ducts are arranged in a circle in the nozzle. Fig. 1

Description

(57) EXTRAS

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a low-combustion atmospheric water-heating boiler, in particular for gas combustion, which reduces the amount of air polluting combustion products, increases efficiency and makes production technology quick and inexpensive.

The object of the invention is that the boiler has at least two water spaces (21a, 21b), each of which is formed of pairs of concentrically arranged cylindrical shells (6a, 6b and 7a, 7b). The smoke passage (s) (18a, 18b) are (are) located between the outer cylinder surface (6b) of the inner cylinder pair and the inner cylinder surface (7a) of the adjacent cylinder pair. Each smoke passage (18a, 18b) is provided with at least one smoke baffle (9a, 9b, 9c), which may be serpentine (s) formed from annular steel sheet (s), forcing the flue gas into a spiral path. s). In the combustion chamber (10), a flame deflector (17) and / or a nozzle (14a, 14b) for directing the flame to the water-contacting front surface and / or a nozzle (14a, 14b) are arranged, preferably a butterfly burner.

189,116

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a low-combustion atmospheric water-heating boiler, in particular for gas combustion, which reduces the amount of air polluting combustion products, improves efficiency and makes the boiler production process much cheaper and simpler than conventional boiler production technology.

It is known that fuels burned in different heating systems, in particular as a result of incomplete combustion, emit significant amounts of pollutants into the air. The amount of air pollutants called "smog" has reached alarming levels in some major cities during heating periods. Outdated heating systems, including low-efficiency boilers, play a significant role in this.

The literature discloses several types of atmospheric water heater boilers, which generally supply water to heat the water by burning coal, coke, oil or gas.

Known boilers can be divided into two large groups in terms of their construction. The first group includes bagged boilers and the second group consists of standing flue gas boilers.

A common feature of both types of boilers is that they burn fuel in their firing chamber, flame of the fuel is led away from the water in the form of jacket bags or water-saturated pipes, and then the flue products are introduced into the chimney.

A bagged boiler is described in U.S. Patent No. 153,484. Hungarian patent specification according to which the water space is formed by bags fixed by eye-forming and welding. There are 2-3 mm gaps between the walls of each bag for draining flue products. The two extreme bags form one side of the boiler and the other sides are flanked by flat sheets.

This type of boiler has been specifically developed for gas firing to produce heating and domestic hot water.

The obvious disadvantage of this type of boiler is that the welding of the bags - due to the narrow gaps between them - can only be accomplished from the inside by using a rudimentary technology. Also, the small distance between the gaps creates the further disadvantage that flowing flue products are deposited in the form of soot on the sides of the bags, causing the gaps to become blocked and the draft to be blocked.

Bags failure, eg. in the event of liquefaction, the boiler becomes irreparable as the change of bags cannot be performed due to the location of the welds.

A similar boiler is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 171,720. It is also claimed in the Hungarian patent that the water space is formed by a water jacket that defines several smoke passages in the boiler and that the firebox surrounded by a sheet wall is arranged outside the water jacket. The walls forming the water jacket are supported by spacers made of extruded meshes and welded seams. There are several closed and parallel flues in the water space, which are square or rectangular in cross-section. The flue gas passes through these flue passages.

This type of boiler has the same flaws as described earlier in terms of both assembly and repair.

Standing flue boilers in the jacketed drum have vertically or nearly vertically standing flue pipes arranged side by side, parallel to each other and secured to the bottom and top by a tubular wall panel. The flue gas flows upwards inside the pipes and the water is in the space between the pipes surrounded by the jacket.

To prevent the flue gas from entering the chimney easily, each flue pipe is provided with a flow-retardant chain structure to prevent the flue gas from escaping rapidly.

Although this type of boiler can slow down the exhaust of combustion products, soot deposited on the chain structure can sometimes completely block the smoke passages.

A common disadvantage of using known boiler types is that the flue gas is discharged into the air for two reasons, due to a significant amount of unburned fuel.

One of the reasons is that the flame collides with the foreheads of the plate-bound water space - on the surface that borders the warm water but is "cold" compared to the flame so that its creators cannot burn or remain unsatisfactory, deposit as carbon black through the smoke passages, the boiler leaves unsatisfactory.

Another reason for the partial combustion of fuel is that the cooled and unburnt parts of the fuel in the flue passages are not able to re-warm enough to complete combustion but are quickly released into the air through the flue passages. These unburnt particles cause on the one hand efficiency degradation and on the other hand air pollution.

It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above shortcomings. We want to develop a low-burn atmospheric water heater that is easy to install, easy to repair and virtually eliminates environmental pollution by improving combustion.

The present invention is based on the recognition that the known three conditions of combustion are only partially met when known boilers are used. While the combustible material and the oxygen in the air are given, the ignition temperature, which would have to be maintained not only initially, but throughout, would not remain on the water-contacting front surfaces. By preventing the flame from striking and cooling the water-contacting foreheads, and by preventing the combustion products from escaping rapidly and allowing the unburned flame burners to be re-heated, you can achieve increased efficiency and practically perfect to reach.

It is our understanding that easy assembly, repair and elimination of air pollution can be achieved by a low-combustion, atmospheric, water-heating boiler having at least two water spaces, each of which is a cone-21. 189,116 are formed of pairs of centrally arranged cylinder casings. The passageways are located between the outer cylinder surface of the inner cylinder pair and the inner cylinder surface of the adjacent cylinder pair and are provided with at least one, preferably three, flue gas baffle elements which force the combustion products into a helical path. Each pair of roller shells is closed with a ring ring at the top and bottom. A flue gas discharge pipe having the same axis is passed through the upper annular ring. Water spaces are interconnected. In the combustion chamber, flame deflector elements are fixed to the outer cylindrical shell of the inner water space and / or nozzles are arranged in circular arcs below the smoke passages.

The smoke deflector damper member (s) is preferably a serpentine (s) formed of annular steel sheet (s), which is secured to the outer cylinder surface of the inboard water space by welding.

The water spaces may be interconnected through three hoses or three hose members.

The upper ends of the hoses can be connected to the water bodies through the inner cylindrical shell of the outer water space and the lower ends through the sealing ring of the inner water space. Thus, it is achieved that the inner water space is held firmly by the three flow pipes.

In the case of larger boilers with three water bodies, it is advantageous to connect the water bodies so that the flow members connect to the water bodies through the upper ring. Here, too, the internal water spaces are held in stable position by the flow members.

Adapting to the fuels, the flame deflector may be a plate, a straight circular cone or a spherical bottle fixed to the outer circumference of the internal water space. All of them prevent the flame from contacting the water-facing face. For coal-fired boilers, the use of a straight circular cone is most advantageous.

If gas is used as the fuel, the nozzles may preferably be butterfly burners which may be placed in a circular arc below each smoke passage. In this case, there is one or two circular gas nozzles under the smoke passages, which have holes in the wall above the wall (s), and one butterfly burner is secured by pins above each hole.

Our boiler, using any known fuel, with its flame deflector, prevents the flame from colliding with the water-contacting face, and the serpentines ensure that the unburned flamethrowers warm up and burn completely before leaving. Detailed Description of the Invention BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The drawings, in which like numerals and symbols denote like details, show exemplary embodiments of the boiler of the present invention. In the drawing it is

Figure 1 is a sectional side view of a two-water boiler, a

Figure 2 is a partially sectional view of the top of a three-water boiler, a

Figure 3 is a top view of a layout.

As shown in Fig. 1, the concentrically arranged cylindrical shells 6a and 6b define the inner water space 21a and the cylindrical shells 7a and 7b define the outer water space 21b. The inner waterway 21a and the outer waterway 21b are sealed at the bottom by the annular rings 20a and 20b and by the upper annular rings 19a and 19b, respectively.

On the upper annular ring 19b there are four flue gas discharge pipes having the same axis.

The ring 19a is provided with a connector 5 to which a flow connection 1 is connected via a thermostat 2. The vent ring 3b is provided with a vent 3 in the bore above the outer water space 21b. In the smoke passage 18a between the water spaces 21a and 21b, there are three smoke baffle elements 9a, 9b and 9c formed by serpentines made of annular steel plates by radially cutting the ring and axially extending the two ends.

They are welded to the outer cylinder surface 6b of the inner water space 21a in three equal sections (three paragraphs). The upper sides 7a, 11b are secured to the inner sidewall 7a of the outer water space 21b through the side wall connections 12a, 12b and the lower ends to the inner water space 21a through the three bores formed in the closing ring 20a of the inner water space 21a. The sectional view shows only two side wall connectors 12a and 12b and a 1a, 1lb hose. The third sidewall connector and the hose are mirror-symmetrical to the plate in front of the section. The three passageways rigidly hold the cylindrical shells 6a, 6b carrying the inner water space 21a.

The space within the inner cylindrical shell 7a of the outer water space 21b and below the closing ring 20a of the inner water space 21a forms the firing chamber 10 in which the conical flame deflector 17 is fixed to the cylindrical shell 6b by welding.

A recess 13 is secured to the outer sidewall 7b of the outer water space 21b near the closure ring 20b.

The closing ring 20b rests on a plinth 16. Within the footing 16, the nozzles 14a, 14b, which are butterfly burners, are arranged in a circular shape on the gas distribution pipe 15, which is a butterfly burner. The heat as a loss heat - in the form of radiation - is prevented by means of 26 side covers and 27 cover covers.

Figure 2 shows that the three water spaces 21a, 21b, 21c are located between the cylindrical shells 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b and 8a, 8b and that each water space is interconnected by means of flow members 25a, 25b and 25c.

The connection was made by drilling holes in the inner ring 19c over the water spaces and welding the pipe ends of the flow members 25a, 25b, 25c around the hole. As in the case of a two-water boiler, in this case the flue gas pipe 4 with the same axis as the axis of the upper annular ring 19c is passed, and the flue passages 18a, 18b are located between the water spaces.

Figure 3 shows that two gas nozzle tubes 22a, 22b are mounted on the gas distributor pipe 15. In addition to the gas nozzle tubes 22a, 22b, there are bores towards which nozzles 14c, 14e are fixed by gas nozzle retainer 24 and suspension pins 23a, 23b, which are butterfly burners. Similarly, other circumferential nozzles, including nozzles 14d, 14f, are fixed.

In the three-water boiler, that is to say, two boilers 18a, 18b, there are two

-3189,116 is a burner system formed of tubing and butterfly burners.

The boilers presented as a pedestal are operated as follows:

Each water space is then filled with softened water, free of suspended solids, which has been killed by ignition of the gas, and then connected to a flow port 1 and a return nozzle 13 via a water pump, known in the art, using known heating technology. ¹⁰

The gas introduced through the gas distribution pipe 15 is then ignited in a known manner. The flame runs between the smoke deflector elements 9a, 9b, 9c and passes through the smoke path 18a three times until it reaches the chimney.

The flame deflector 17 prevents the flame from striking the water-contacting front face. If the vertical cylindrical shells cooled some of the flame components below the ignition temperature, the unburned components may re-warm to the ignition temperature and be completely burned by the _2Q storage elements.

In the case of water pump circulation, the hot water is supplied from the outer water space 21b to the inner water space 21a through the flow pipes 1a, 1b. In the case of gravitational flow, the upward flow of hot water by itself ^{b does} this circulation.

The boilers of the examples are suitable for gas combustion, but it is readily apparent that the inventive idea is also realized in the case of other fuels (coal, coke, oil). ³⁰

Our boiler can be advantageously used for heat production of central heating systems, but it can also be designed for smaller heating units (eg gas boilers).

Our measurements show that a 30 kW m ² fütőfelületü, 50 liter water capacity of boiler ³⁵ ge weight basis of 130 kg, the boiler flue gas exhaust temperature from 160 to 170 ° C, boiler efficiency was 91-94% pure. Similar temperature and efficiency values were measured with a 40 kW boiler.

In addition to increasing efficiency and the expected ⁴⁰ reductions in air pollution, our boiler has the added advantage of being easy and quick to produce with simple technology.

The cost of production of our boilers is approx. Csökkenthe- ⁴⁵ to 50% starch.

Claims

Claims (19)

A combustion boiler for atmospheric heating, in particular for gas firing, water space, combustion chamber and smoke flue outlet (s), characterized in that it has at least two water spaces (21a, 21b) interconnected, each of which is provided with concentric cylindrical shells (6a). 7b), the flue passage (s) (18a, 18b) is located between the outer cylinder surface (6b) of the inner cylinder pair and the inner cylinder surface (7a) of the adjacent cylinder pair, at least three preferably forcing the combustion products into a spiral path. - a smoke deflector element (9a, 9b, 9c) and a flame deflector element (17) fixed to the outer cylinder surface (6b) of the inner water space (2la), and / or on the arcuate (18a, 18b) below the smoke path (18a, 18b) nozzles (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f) are provided. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the smoke deflector element (s) (9a, 9b, 9c) is a serpentine (s) formed from an annular steel plate (s) which is connected to the outer cylindrical surface of the inner water space. (6b) is welded. 3. A boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the water bodies (21a, 21b, 21c) are interconnected through three flow pipes (lia, 11b, 1le). 4. A boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the water spaces (21a, 21b, 21c) are interconnected through three flow members (25a, 25b, 25c). The boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper ends of the flow pipes (11a, 11b, 1le) pass through the inner cylindrical shell (7a) of the outer water space (21b) and the lower ends of the inner water space closing ring (20a). ) through the water spaces. 6. The boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that the flow members (25a, 25b, 25c) are connected to the water spaces through the upper annular ring (19c). 7. A boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the flame deflector (17) is a plate, a rectangular cone or a spherical bottle fixed to the outer cylinder surface (6b) of the inner water space (21a). 8. A boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the nozzles (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f) are known butterfly burners. 2 page drawing 1 flow stub 2 thermostats 3 bleeders 4 flue gas discharge pipes 5 pipe connection 6a cylinder 6a cylinder 6b cylinder 7a 7b roll cover 8a roll cover 8b roll cover 9a, 9b, 9c smoke deflector barrier means 10 incinerators 11a, 11b 12a, 12b side wall connector 13 returning stubs 189,116 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f nozzle 15 gas distribution pipes 16 feet 17 flame deflector elements Smoke passage 18a, 18b Ring 19a, 19b, 19c Ring 20a, 20b Water jet 2a, 21b, 21c Gas nozzle tube 23a, 23b Suspension tap 24 Gas nozzle retainer 25a, 25b 26 side covers 27 covers -5189 116 NSO ₄ F 24 Η 1/20