HU188521B - Cutting-oil composition insuring inactive, multipurposed during anticorrosion influence - Google Patents

Abstract

The composition for cutting iron and non-ferrous metals, lubricating machines and working fluid for hydraulic equipment applicable. The composition is 78-95% by weight of base oil it contains mineral oil refinery having a viscosity At 40 ° C, 10-150 mm2 / s. EP added 0.5-10 % by weight of organic matter containing sulfur, chlorine and phosphorus, for example, chlor paraffin, unsaturated fatty acids chlorinated or sulfur-chlorinated derivatives thereof, alkyl, aryl, \ t alkyl aryl phosphite or phosphate esters, alkyl, aryl, \ t alkyl aryl dithiophosphates, dithio carbamates, given in the case of their metal salts, amino alcohols having 10 to 20 carbon atoms esters, esters and their sulfuric products. The composition containing from 0.5 to 5.0% by weight of a corrosion inhibitor hydroaromatic amines saturated with alkanolamines or unsaturated, with 10 to 20 carbon atoms their esters, their sulfuric products, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids. Antioxidant additive 0.1-3 aromatic sulphide or disulfide in the mixture by weight, thiophosphate, phosphate ester, aromatic amine, alkyl dithiophosphate or zinc salts thereof. The detergent effect to provide 0.1-3% by weight of the following materials alkyl aryl sulfonic acids are neutral or a basic alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt. anti-foaming as silicone oil, 0.001-0.2% by weight is used. Product is a lubricant enhancer of 0.1 - Contains 5% by weight of C10-C2c unsaturated single base carboxylic acid.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a cooling lubricating composition which is advantageously used in the machining of ferrous and non-ferrous metals as well as in the lubrication of machines and as working fluid for hydraulic equipment.

During machining operations, multi-directional requirements are set for the lubricants (life extension, proper surface quality, good heat dissipation, optimum lubrication conditions, corrosion inhibition, increase in machining performance, not harmful to health, etc.). For machining operations where the auxiliary material is primarily intended to be used as a lubricant, it is usually doped petroleum-based lubricants, so-called lubricants. cutting oils are used. The type of coolant lubricant, the level of additive required, is determined by the type of machining, the material of the workpiece and the tool, and the conditions of machining. It is advisable to use cutting oil during difficult machining operations. hollow drilling, tapping drilling, deep drilling, automatic machining), low cutting speeds, and where nuts coolant fluid can get into the lubrication and hydraulic parts of the machine and where the mixing of metalworking auxiliaries and other lubricants causes malfunctions. It is advisable to use cutting oil even if the machine design allows the use of a lubricant (machining aids, machine lubrication tasks, hydraulic equipment operation).

In most cutting operations, the pressure between the tool and the chip is so high that the conditions for full hydrodynamic lubrication cannot be achieved. At higher loads, the lubricant film is pushed out of the friction surfaces and, moreover, the grease layer created by sorption additives can rupture. In this case, metallic contact is formed and temperatures of 300-1500 ° C can occur at the collision peaks due to heat flashes.

In these circumstances, high-pressure, so-called. EP (Extreme Pressure) additives.

1Q During the experimental work, we developed an EP-deactivated, inactive, multi-purpose cutting oil suitable for machining ferrous and non-ferrous metals, for lubricating the machine, and for operating hydraulic equipment.

The lubricant composition also meets the specific requirements for high performance hydraulic oils (HM) (anti-wear, oxidation stability, tendency to de-emulsify, etc.).

2θ These features make it possible to simplify in-house lubrication management - a machine, a kind of oil filling - and eliminate malfunctions from the mixing of different grades of lubricants. There is no need to change lubricants when machining workpieces of different materials.

The following lubricants are most commonly used as coolant lubricants, machine tool lubricants and hydraulic equipment fillers:

Designation of lubricant marking standard Number Area of application Machine Tool Oil T-32 T 46 MS 7747 Circulation system lubricant. Not suitable for metalworking. Activated cutting oil Coma 10 Coma 20 MSZ 09.60-041-815 Suitable for machining ferrous metals under heavy loads. Not suitable for machining non-ferrous metals and hydraulic systems. Cooling-cutting oil GXS-15 MSZ 09 60-041-8 * 5 Good for machining, occasionally for machine lubrication. Not suitable for machining non-ferrous metals and hydraulic systems. spindle Oil 0-20 MSZ 990 Good for machine lubrication, not suitable for metalworking, hydraulic systems. Hydraulic fluid Hydro 32 N1MSZ 60032/2 Good for hydraulics and machine lubrication, not suitable for metalworking. Hydro 46 N1MSZ 60032/2 Good for hydraulics and machine lubrication, not suitable for metalworking. Hydrokomol P-32, Hydrokomol P-46 Good for hydraulics and machine lubrication, not suitable for metalworking.

(The lubricants listed do not include the full range of machine lubricants.)

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It can be seen from the table that none of the lubricants listed meet the requirements of cutting, machine lubrication and hydraulic equipment at the same time.

Cutting oil and multi-purpose lubricant compositions are the subject of numerous foreign patents.

No. 767,184. lubricant according to Soviet patent application suitable for machining metals and alloys. The composition contains 15-25% by weight of kerosene, 12-15% by weight of oleic acid, 10-12% by weight of technical fat, 3-5% by weight of polyphenylmethylsiloxane, 4-5% by weight of molybdenum disulfide and sulfofresol (sulfuric oil) .

The use of molybdenum disulfide is not advantageous due to the increased risk of sedimentation and filter clogging.

No. 734,248. No. 767,184; The lubricant compositions disclosed in U.S. Pat. The lubricant contains chloro-paraffin, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, high ash sulfonate, as well as cotton oil chlorosulfide, chlorinated stearic acid, high molecular weight alcohol fractions (C ₇ -C ₁₂ alkyl) and s : (Ci ₀ -C _{) 4} ).

This lubricant composition is not recommended for processing non-ferrous metals.

No. 4,101,429. The lubricant disclosed in U.S. Pat. The composition comprises zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, zinc alkyl (v. Aryl) sulfonate, antifreezing agent, and an antifoam agent.

Not recommended for non-ferrous metals.

No. 96,251. The German Democratic Republic patent relates to cutting oils suitable for machining ferrous metals.

The lubricant is 0.25-3% by weight, with 10-20 carbon atoms, 5-10% by weight of chlorine and sulfur fatty acid methyl ester, 0.001-0.05% by weight of long-chain alkylamine, 0.25-2% by weight of tricresyl. Phosphate, 0.25-2% by weight of diphenylcresyl phosphate.

No. 29 09 699 The German patent specification discloses a lubricant composition which can be used as both a cooling lubricant and a hydraulic fluid. However, the composition described herein is not an oil-based product but a glycol- and water-based product. The suitably diluent composition of the present invention satisfies the requirements of the triple function.

German Patent No. 928,194 describes the use of halogenated hydrocarbons as lubricants or lubricant additives substituted with phosphate and phosphite compounds.

No. 58,582. A Romanian patent discloses a composition comprising petroleum, zinc alkyl dithiophosphate, chlorinated paraffin and barium alkyl phenolate.

No. 810,765. U.S. Pat. No. 4,198,195 discloses a lubricant based on castor oil for compression molding and containing barium hydroxide and chlorinated paraffin as an additive.

No. 128,628. According to a Czech patent, 10-30% by weight of chlorine-containing hydrocarbons, zinc stearate, 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-methylphenol and a stabilizer are used.

In the composition of the present invention, compounds containing chlorine, phosphorus and stable bonded sulfur, which are highly soluble in lubricating oils, are used as EP additives. Examples include chloro-paraffins, chlorinated oleic acid, sulfuric oleic acid, dithiocarbamates, alkyl or aryl phosphate esters, alkyl, aryl dithiophosphates, or metal salts thereof. When used in combination with two different types of EP compounds, in some cases a synergistic effect may be observed, e.g. friction and anti-wear properties of the composition. Example of use: when chlorinated paraffin and tricresyl phosphate are used together with sulfurized chlorinated oleic acid and tricresyl phosphate. A synergistic effect has been observed in a preferred embodiment, when a bifunctional additive is added to the composition and the product simultaneously exerts an EP effect and an in-process anticorrosive effect.

The esters of mono-, di-, and trialkanolamines with sulfuric unsaturated fatty acids of 10 to 20 carbon atoms (actualized derivatives) such as triethanolamine with sulfuric oleic acid have proved to be suitable for corrosion protection. If a single bifunctional additive is added to the composition as an EP additive, e.g. sulfuric oleic acid or sulfurized-chlorinated oleic acid, a composition with a better lubricating property was obtained than using additives having separate functions.

A corrosion inhibitor was used in the composition of the present invention so that the formed cutting oil does not cause corrosion on the workpiece and the tool and furthermore provides an in-process protective effect of the machined workpiece. Such corrosion inhibitors are, for example, primary, secondary or tertiary organic amines; such as alkylamines, cycloalkylamines or alkylarylamines, cyclic imines; For example, alkylpyridines, fatty amides, fatty acid imides, alkanolamine fatty acid esters, ester salts or actualized alkanolamine amides, and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids.

The lubricant composition of the present invention is also suitable for use in circulatory and hydraulic systems, since its antioxidant additives inhibit the aging process of the cutting oil and thus provide a long life. As an antioxidant additive, rrnr, e.g. esters of phosphoric acid, aromatic amines, phenol derivatives, salts of alkyldithiophosphates (preferably zinc salts).

The antifoaming agent used prevents unwanted foaming of the protective agent in the circulating system, thereby achieving an even flow of lubricant in the pipeline. Such antifoam additives are e.g. poly (methylsiloxane). poly (dimethylsiloxane). poly (ethyl siloxane).

The lubricant composition also contains a detergent additive that aids in the washing of abrasive products from the metal uptake and facilitates chip removal. Additives of this type are e.g. neutral or basic alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts (preferably barium salts) of alkylaryl sulfonic acids, xanthogenates, alkyl phenols, alkyl phenyl sulfides, or mixtures of these compounds

The lubricant composition of the present invention thus relates to a multipurpose oil-based medium EP additive lubricant composition for use in the cutting of iron and non-ferrous metals, machine lubrication and hydraulic equipment.

The compositions of the invention are characterized in that, based on the total weight of the composition:

1. A base oil of 78-95% by weight of a petroleum refinery

-3188 521 having a viscosity at 40 ° C of 10150 mm ² / s, preferably 20-40 having a viscosity index of 90-110, preferably 100, having an aromatic bond carbon content (CA) of up to 10%, preferably of 5%, Cm of up to 8% , Cp of at least 90%, Mp: 300-400 ° C. z. 0.5 to 10% by weight of one or more

- inactive on non-ferrous metals - chlorinated paraffins, chlorinated, sulfurized, chlorinated or sulfurized derivatives of unsaturated fatty acids, preferably sulfuric, chlorinated and sulfur-free per molecule, soluble in oil as defined in point 1 chlorinated oleic acid, alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl phosphite or phosphate esters, alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl dithiophosphates, esters of these metal salts, alkanolamines with unsaturated C10- _C20 fatty acids , ester salts thereof, sulfuric derivatives thereof, preferably triethanolamine sulfuric acid diester, dithiocarbamate and / or a mixture thereof.

3. Corrosion inhibitor 0.5 to 5.0% by weight of an aromatic primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic, aliphatic-aromatic, hydroaromatic and heterocyclic mono- or diamine, imine, cyclic imine, amide, alkanolamine have saturated or unsaturated C _t0 C _{It contains} esters, esters, esters thereof, and / or mixtures thereof with C20 fatty acids and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids.

4. 0.1 to 3.0% by weight of an antioxidant additive which is a metal salt of aromatic sulfide, disulfide, alkylphenol, thiophosphate, phosphate ester, phenolalkyldithiophosphate of aromatic amine, preferably zinc salt.

5. As a detergent additive, 0.1 to 3.0% by weight of neutral or basic alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, preferably barium salts, of alkylaryl sulfonic acids, and xanthogenates, alkylphenols, alkylphenol sulfides or mixtures thereof.

6. The composition comprises from 0.001 to 0.2% by weight of a silicone oil type additive, preferably poly (dimethylsiloxane), poly (dimethylsiloxane), poly (ethylsiloxane) as an antifoam additive.

7. An additional 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of an unsaturated monobasic fatty acid, preferably oleic acid, is sometimes added to improve the lubricity.

The compositions of the present invention are illustrated, without limitation, in the following examples:

Example 1

A 1250 liter, indirectly heated, mixed duplicator is charged with 864.95 kg of crude oil refined at 12 mm ² / s at 40 ° C. The base oil is heated to 60 ± 5 ° C with stirring, while 50 kg of sulfuric oleic acid, 50 kg of diethanolamine sulfuric acid monoester, 10 kg of tributyl phosphite, 15 kg of 0.0di-dialkyl phenol dithiophosphoric acid Ba salt are added. , 10 kg of Zn salt of diisobutyldiisoyl dithiophosphoric acid and 0.05 kg of polyphenylsiloxane). After the addition is complete, the heating is stopped, the mixture is stirred for 1.5 hours and a sample is taken. Stirring is continued until the composition is completely homogeneous and translucent. The material is then cooled to 20-25 ° C and filled into barrels.

Example 2

In the manner described in Example 1, the following components are prepared from cutting oil:

934.5 kg of petroleum refinery (viscosity 22 mm ^J / s at 40 ° C)

10.00 kg sulfurized chlorinated oleic acid 10.00 kg tricresyl phosphate

30.00 kg triethanolamine sulfuric oleic diester 10.00 kg basic base salt of doceylbenzenesulfonic acid

2.5 kg Zn salt of diethyldithiophosphoric acid

2.5 kg dibenzyl disulfide 0.05 kg polyethylsiloxane.

Example 3

As described in Example 1, a protective composition is prepared from:

864.95 kg of petroleum refinery (viscosity at 40 ° C)

38mm ^J / s)

50.00 kg sulfurized chlorinated oleic acid (S% = 8.7, Cl ₂ = 7.0%)

50.00 kg triisopropanolamine sulfuric lauric acid diester

20.00 kg basic base salt of isopropyl phenol dithiophosphate 15.00 kg dicyclohexylamine 0.05 kg polydimethylsiloxane.

Example 4

As described in Example 1, a lubricant is prepared from the following components:

884.95 kg petroleum refinery (viscosity at 40 ° C mm ² / s)

50.00 kg chlorinated paraffin (10% chlorine content) 10.00 kg tricresyl phosphate

30.00 kg of triethanolamine sulfuric oleic diester 10.00 kg of basic base salt of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid 5.00 kg of Zn salt of dibutyldithiophosphoric acid 0.05 kg of poly (propylsiloxane).

Example 5

As described in Example 1, the lubricant is prepared from the following components:

896.8 kg petroleum refined (viscosity at 40 ° C 30 mm ² / s)

70.0 kg sulfuric-chlorinated oleic acid

30.0 kg of tricresyl phosphate

1.0 kg of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid

2.0 kg of 2,6-di (tert-butyl) paracresol

0.2 kg poly (methylsiloxane).

Tables 1 and 2 summarize the test results for the compositions of the present invention and commercial reference products. From the data in the table it can be seen that the compositions according to the invention are equivalent or in many cases superior to the reference oils for the properties tested.

Example 6

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Example 7

As described in Example 1, a lubricant was prepared from the following components.

In all of the procedures described in Example 1, the following materials were used:

864.9 kg petroleum jelly (viscosity at 50 ° C 5 25 mm ² / s) 869.9 kg 80.0 kg zinc dibutyl-dithiocarbamate 70.0 kg 10.0 kg tributyl phosphite 20.0 kg 25.0 kg sulfurized triethanolamine dioleate 15.0 kg 10.0 kg basic Ca salt of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid 10 15.0 kg 10.0 kg Ca salt of diisamyl dithiophosphoric acid 10.0 kg 0.1 kg poly (ethyl siloxane). 0.1 kg

Table I Petroleum Refinery (Viscosity at 50 ° C 15 mm ² / s) Methylene bis-dipropyldithiocarbamate Tri (n-Amyl) -fisphite Sulfurized Triethanolamine Dioleate Dodecylbenzenesulfonic Acid Zn- The Mg salt of dimethyldithiophosphoric acid is poly (dimethylsiloxane).

Test results for compositions of the invention and commercial reference materials

THE B C commercial product

test No. 2 comp. com- standard position position iron- metals benzathine csolásához for iron and non-ferrous metals multipurpose cutting oil

General features:

Viscosity at 40 ° C,

mm ² / s MS 3255 20 32 23 16 34 Flash point (M), ° C MSZ 11743 190 219 200 184 222 Pour point, · ° C MSZ 11721 -35 -17 -17 -36 -18 Application features: Foaming tendency 150 At 25 ° C, cm ³ MS 13102 30 10 30 50 At 95 ° C, cm ³ MS 1.3102 230 40 220 200 200 Foam stability at 25 ° C, cm ³ Foam stability at 95 ° C, cm ³ MS 13102 0 0 0 0 0 LAV at 50 ° C, minutes Copper plate corrosion MS 09 090123 2 2 2 2 1 (100 ° C, 3 hours) Anticorrosive MSZ 11788 la la 4 la la property on steel corrosion grade MS 13152 0 0 0 0 0 Durable wet heat resistance Four-pole test, MS 8888/3 RJO RJO R | 5 Ri 5 Rj5 220 violin load, dN MSZ 09 64014 250 230 500 150 wear φ, mm (1 hour / 40 dN) 0.39 0.39 0.80 0.47 Ο ' K ₄ wear factor Reichert wear test, 1.47 0.30 0.73 3.97 BOW wear surface, mm ² DBM 1749247 6 5 3.3 38 6 noisy meters number Drill test: drilled holes '3 3 1 100 3 number NAK1 MSZ 54 49 20 7 68 drilling wear intensity X10 ” ⁴ 73 71 148 341 340 Oxidation stability RBOT, (15 ° C), min Vickers wear test KKVSZ 0418 90 110 10 50 25 (250 hours) ring wear, mg KKVSZ 180 104 245 paddle wear, mg 35 5 50 total wear, mg 215 109 295

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Table 2

Test results for compositions of the invention and reference materials

test standard No. 6 ferry. No. 7 ferry. THE tradin B Imi product C Viscosity at 40 ° C mm ² Is MS 3255 26 17 23 16 34 Flash point ° C MSZ 11743 205 180 200 184 222 Melting point ° C Foaming tendency MSZ 11721 -30 -25 -17 -36 -18 At 25 ° C, cm ³ MS 13102 35 15 30 50 150 95 ° C, cin ³ Foam stability MS 13102 210 60 220 200 200 At 25 ° C, cm ³ MS 13102 0 0 0 0 0 95 ° C, cm ³ Copper plate corrosion MS 13102 0 0 0 0 0 (100 ° C, 3 hours) Anticorrosive MSZ 11788 la la 4 la la property acetone MS 13152 0 0 0 0 0 Durable wet heat resistance Shell four-ball test, MS 8888/3 RJO RJO Rj5 Ri 5 Rj5 violin load dN Wear φ, mm (1 hour) MS 0964014 400 400 500 150 220 40 dN 0.32 0.35 0.80 0.47 0.71 K ₄ wear factor Reichert wear test, 0.90 1.10 0.73 3.97 1.60 wear surface mm ² DBM 1749247 3 4 3.3 38 6 Noise meters 2 1.3 1 100 3

drill test: number of drilled holes

number NAKI MSZ 60 58 20 7 68 Drill wear intensity x10 ⁴ 70 65 148 341 340 Oxidation stability RBOT (150 ° C) min KKVSZ 0418 120 105 10 50 25 Vickers wear test (250 hours) KKVSZ 0432 140 100 245 ring wear mg blades wear mg 28 7 50 total wear mg 168 107 295

Claims

Claims (3)

1. An inactive multipurpose cutting oil composition having anti-corrosion properties, comprising the following components: - refined petroleum refinery at 78 ° C to 95% by weight at 40 ° C ΙΟ ΙΟ 50 mm (s, preferably 20-40 mm ² / viscosity); - 0.5 to 10% by weight of one or more EPO additives containing in sulfur, chlorine or phosphorus inactive in iron, highly soluble in oil, chlorinated paraffins, chlorinated, chlorinated, sulfurized derivatives of unsaturated fatty acids, aryl, C12-C16 alkylaryl phosphite or phosphate esters, C2-C6 alkyl, C7-C10 aryl dithiophosphates, dithiocarbamates, their zinc salts and amino acids with C10-20 fatty acids esters, esters or their sulfuric derivatives; as a corrosion inhibitor, 0.5 to 5.0% by weight of hydroaromatic amine, preferably dicyclohexylamine, esters of alkanolamines with saturated or unsaturated C 1020 fatty acids, ester salts, their sulfuric derivatives and / or mixtures thereof, and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid; 0.1 to 3.0% by weight of an antioxidant additive which may be C 6 -C 10 aromatic sulfide, preferably disulfide, alkylphenol thiophosphate, phosphate ester, divalent metal salts of alkyldithiophosphates, preferably zinc salts; as a detergent additive, 0.1 to 3% by weight of neutral or basic alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, preferably barium salts, of alkylarylsulfonic acids; 0.001 to 0.2% by weight of an antifoam additive of the silicone oil type, preferably poly (methylsiloxane), poly (dimethylsiloxane), poly (ethylsiloxane); - 0.1-5.0% by weight as a lubricant enhancer 188 521 C 10 -C ₂₀ unsaturated monobasic fatty acids, preferably oleic acid. (Priority: June 21, 1985) 2. An inactive, multi-purpose, anti-corrosion anti-corrosion cutting oil composition, characterized in that g contains the following components: - a petroleum refined base oil having a viscosity of from 78 to 95% by weight, at 40 ° C ΙΟΙ 50 mnr / s, preferably of from 20 to 40 mm ^J / s; - 0.5 to 10% by weight of one or more EPO additives containing in sulfur, chlorine or phosphorus inactive in iron, highly soluble in oil, chlorinated paraffins, chlorinated sulfurized derivatives of unsaturated fatty acids, C2-C6 alkyl- , C7-C10 aryl, C12-C16 alkyl-aryl phosphite or phosphate esters, C2-C6 alkyl, C7-C10 aryl dithiophosphates, their zinc salts, C10-20 amino acids esters, esters or sulfuric derivatives of fatty acids; 20 - 0.5 to 5.0% by weight of alkanolamines, saturated or unsaturated, as corrosion inhibitor, Esters, ester salts, sulfuric derivatives and / or mixtures thereof with C20 fatty acids, and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid; 0.1 to 3.0% by weight of an antioxidant additive which may be C 6 -C 10 aromatic sulfide, preferably disulfide, alkylphenol thiophosphate, phosphate ester, divalent metal salts of alkyl dithiophosphates, preferably zinc salts; as a detergent additive, 0.1 to 3% by weight of neutral or basic alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, preferably barium salts, of alkylarylsulfonic acids; From 0.001 to 0.2% by weight of an antifoam additive of the silicone oil type, preferably poly (methylsiloxane), polydimethylsiloxane), polyethylsiloxane; - from 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of an unsaturated monobasic fatty acid having a C10-C20 carbon number, preferably oleic acid, as a lubricant enhancer. (Priority: 11.03.1982) An embodiment of a composition according to claim 1 or 2. characterized in that it contains sulfuric, chlorinated and one-molecule sulfuric-chlorinated oleic acid as EP additive and corrosion inhibitor.