JP3326337B2 - Lubricating oil composition for sliding surfaces - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition for a sliding surface, and more particularly, to a friction characteristic (dynamic friction coefficient,
Stick-slip prevention properties) and water separation performance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A machine tool has a sliding surface for moving a tool or a workpiece in an arbitrary direction, for example, back and forth, left and right, up and down, and a sliding guide surface is mainly used as a sliding surface. Have been. Smooth sliding movement of the slide guide surface greatly contributes to extending the life of the machine tool, improving the accuracy of the workpiece, and reducing the running cost.

However, since the above-mentioned sliding motion is often performed at a low speed as in the case of tool feed, a stick-slip phenomenon is likely to occur, which may adversely affect the accuracy of a workpiece and the life of a machine. Many. On the other hand, if the coefficient of dynamic friction μ of the lubricating oil for the sliding surface is too large, disadvantages such as heavy feed handle and poor positioning accuracy are not desirable. Therefore, in order to smoothly perform a sliding motion, a lubricating oil for a sliding surface having good friction characteristics of a sliding portion is desired.

[0004] On the other hand, in cutting and grinding processes, machining oil such as cutting oil or grinding oil is often used as a coolant. This coolant usually has a dedicated tank and is circulated by a pump. Usually, the coolant and the lubricating oil for a sliding surface are assembled in completely different additive formulations depending on the purpose of use.
The coolant supplied for cutting and grinding is returned to the coolant tank after being separated from the chips, and at this time, the lubricating oil for the sliding surface is mixed. In particular, when a water-soluble coolant is used as the coolant, if the coolant contains lubricating oil for a sliding surface, the performance as a processing oil will be significantly impaired. Therefore, the lubricant for the sliding surface and the coolant need to be quickly separated in the tank, and the lubricant for the sliding surface must also have good water separation performance.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made from the above viewpoints, and has a lubricating oil composition for a sliding surface which is excellent in both friction characteristics (dynamic friction coefficient, stick-slip prevention) and water separation performance of a sliding portion. The purpose is to provide things.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent, a phosphate ester or an amine salt thereof, and The inventors have found that a blending of a polyalkylene glycol derivative can provide a lubricating oil composition for a sliding surface having excellent friction characteristics and water separation performance of a sliding portion, and completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention relates to a lubricating base oil,
An object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil composition for a sliding surface comprising (A) a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent, (B) a phosphate ester or an amine salt thereof, and (C) a polyalkylene glycol derivative.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The lubricating base oil in the present invention is preferably 40
The kinematic viscosity at 10 ° C. is 10 to 500 mm ² / s, more preferably 30 to 100 mm ² / s, but the type thereof is not particularly limited, and is usually used as a base oil of lubricating oil. If it is, a mineral oil type or a synthetic type can be used. As a mineral oil-based lubricating base oil,
For example, lubricating oil fractions obtained by atmospheric or vacuum distillation of paraffinic, intermediate, and naphthenic crudes are subjected to solvent removal, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, and catalytic removal. A refined oil refined according to a conventional method such as wax, hydrorefining, sulfuric acid washing, and clay treatment can be used.
As the synthetic lubricating base oil, various oils such as poly-α-olefin, polybutene, dibasic acid ester, polyglycol, hindered ester, alkylbenzene, and polyether can be used. These lubricating base oils may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Next, (A) to be blended with the lubricating base oil
The component (C) will be described. As the component (A) a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent has a sulfur atom in the molecule, dissolved or uniformly dispersed in the lubricating oil base oil, should those capable of exhibiting extreme pressure and excellent friction characteristics There is . Such a substance may be at least one selected from sulfurized fats and oils that are sulfides of animal and vegetable oils and synthetic oils, sulfurized olefins, dihydrocarbyl polysulfides, thiocarbamates, thioterpenes, and dialkylthiodipropionates. is necessary. Here, as an example of sulfurized fats and oils,
Examples thereof include sulfurized lard, sulfurized rapeseed oil, sulfurized castor oil, sulfurized soybean oil, sulfurized rice bran oil, disulfide fatty acids such as sulfurized oleic acid, and sulfurized esters such as sulfurized methyl oleate.

Examples of the sulfurized olefin include the following general formula (I): R ¹ -S _x -R ² ... (I) wherein R ¹ is an alkenyl group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, and R ² is Represents an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms,
x shows the integer of 1-8. And the like. This compound is obtained by reacting an olefin having 2 to 15 carbon atoms or a dimer or tetramer thereof with a sulfurizing agent such as sulfur or sulfur chloride. As the olefin, propylene, isobutene, diisobutene and the like are preferable.

The dihydrocarbyl polysulfide is represented by the following general formula (II): R ³ -S _y -R ⁴ ... (II) wherein R ³ and R ⁴ are each an alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. A group or a cyclic alkyl group, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms or an arylalkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different from each other, and y is And an integer of 2 to 8). Where R ³ and R ⁴
When is an alkyl group, it is called an alkyl sulfide.

Specific examples of R ³ and R ⁴ in the general formula (II) include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s
ec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, various pentyl groups, various hexyl groups, various heptyl groups, various octyl groups, various nonyl groups, various decyl groups, various dodecyl groups, cyclohexyl groups, cyclooctyl groups, phenyl groups, naphthyl groups , Tolyl, xylyl, benzyl, phenethyl and the like.

Examples of the dihydrocarbyl polysulfide include dibenzyl polysulfide and di-t.
Preferred examples include ert-nonyl polysulfide, didodecyl polysulfide, di-tert-butyl polysulfide, dioctyl polysulfide, diphenyl polysulfide, dicyclohexyl polysulfide, and the like.

Further, as thiocarbamates, for example, zinc dithiocarbamate and the like, as thioterpenes, for example, a reaction product of phosphorus pentasulfide and pinene,
As dialkylthiodipropionates, for example,
Examples thereof include dilauryl thiodipropionate and distearyl thiodipropionate. Among these, sulfur oils, sulfurized olefins, and alkyl sulfides are preferred from the viewpoints of extreme pressure properties, friction characteristics, and the like, and sulfur oils and fats are particularly preferred. The sulfur content in the sulfurized fat is not particularly limited, but generally 5 to 30% by weight is preferable.

In the present invention, the above component (A) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In addition, the compounding amount is usually 0.1 to 100% based on the total amount of the composition.
A range of 10% by weight is preferable, and a range of 1 to 5% by weight is more preferable. When the compounding amount of the component (A) does not reach the lower limit, the effect of improving the friction coefficient due to a synergistic effect with other components may be insufficient, and even when the content exceeds the upper limit, the content is equivalent to the content. In some cases, no improvement in the effect is observed. (B) Component The phosphoric esters of the present invention have the following general formulas (III) to
The phosphoric acid ester, acidic phosphoric acid ester, phosphite, and acid phosphite represented by (VII) are included.

[0016]

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[0017]

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[0018]

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[0019]

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[0020]

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In the above general formulas (III) to (VII), R ⁵
To R ⁷ are an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 4 to 30 carbon atoms;
An alkylaryl group and an arylalkyl group,
^{5 to} R ⁷ may be the same or different. Examples of the phosphoric acid ester include triaryl phosphate, trialkyl phosphate, trialkyl aryl phosphate, triaryl alkyl phosphate, trialkenyl phosphate, and the like. Specifically, for example, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, benzyl diphenyl phosphate, Ethyl diphenyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, ethyl dibutyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, dicresyl phenyl phosphate, ethyl phenyl diphenyl phosphate, diethyl phenyl phenyl phosphate, propyl phenyl diphenyl phosphate, dipropyl phenyl phenyl phosphate, triethyl phenyl phosphate, tripropyl phenyl phosphate , Butylphenyl Phenyl phosphate, dibutyl phenyl phosphate, tributylphenyl phosphate,
Examples include trihexyl phosphate, tri (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, tridecyl phosphate, trilauryl phosphate, trimyristyl phosphate, tripalmityl phosphate, tristearyl phosphate, and trioleyl phosphate.

As the acidic phosphoric acid ester, specifically, for example, 2-ethylhexyl acid phosphate,
Ethyl acid phosphate, butyl acid phosphate, oleyl acid phosphate, tetracosyl acid phosphate, isodecyl acid phosphate, lauryl acid phosphate, tridecyl acid phosphate, stearyl acid phosphate, isostearyl acid phosphate, and the like can be given.

As the phosphite, specifically,
For example, triethyl phosphite, tributyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, tricresyl phosphite, tri (nonylphenyl) phosphite, tri (2
-Ethylhexyl) phosphite, tridecyl phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, triisooctyl phosphite, diphenylisodecyl phosphite, tristearyl phosphite, trioleyl phosphite and the like.

Specific examples of the acidic phosphite include dibutyl hydrogen phosphite, dilauryl hydrogen phosphite, dioleyl hydrogen phosphite, distearyl hydrogen phosphite, and diphenyl hydrogen phosphite. it can. Of the above phosphates, oleyl acid phosphate and stearyl acid phosphate are preferred.

Further, examples of the amines forming an amine salt with these include, for example, the general formula (VIII) R _n NH _3-n ... (VIII) (where R is an alkyl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms or It represents an alkenyl group, an aryl group or an arylalkyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, and n represents 1, 2 or 3. When there are a plurality of Rs, a plurality of Rs are Mono-substituted amine, di-substituted amine or tri-substituted amine represented by the following formula: The alkyl group or alkenyl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms in R in the general formula (VIII) may be linear, branched, or cyclic.

Here, examples of the mono-substituted amine include butylamine, pentylamine, hexylamine, cyclohexylamine, octylamine, laurylamine, stearylamine, oleylamine, benzylamine, and the like. Examples include dibutylamine, dipentylamine, dihexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, dioctylamine, dilaurylamine, distearylamine, dioleylamine, dibenzylamine, stearyl monoethanolamine, decyl monoethanolamine, hexyl monopropanolamine. Benzyl monoethanolamine, phenyl monoethanolamine, tolyl monopropanol and the like. Examples of trisubstituted amines include tributylamine, tripentylamine, trihexylamine, tricyclohexylamine, trioctylamine, trilaurylamine, tristearylamine, trioleylamine, tribenzylamine, dioleyl monoethanolamine, dilauryl.・ Monopropanolamine, dioctyl monoethanolamine,
Dihexyl monopropanolamine, dibutyl monopropanolamine, oleyl diethanolamine,
Examples include stearyl dipropanolamine, lauryl diethanolamine, octyl dipropanolamine, butyl diethanolamine, benzyl diethanolamine, phenyl diethanolamine, tolyl dipropanolamine, xylyl diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and tripropanolamine. it can.

In the present invention, the component (B) may be used singly or in combination of two or more. Also,
The compounding amount is 0.001 to 10 based on the total amount of the composition.
The range of the weight is preferable, and the range of 0.01 to 5% by weight is more preferable. When the content of the component (B) does not reach the lower limit, the effect of improving the friction characteristics due to a synergistic effect with other components may be insufficient. Even if the content exceeds the upper limit, the content is equivalent to the content. In some cases, no improvement in the effect is observed. (C) Component The polyalkylene glycol derivative of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (IX). R ⁸ O- (EO) a- (RO) b-R ⁹ (IX) (wherein R ⁸ and R ⁹ are each a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom 1)
And EO is an oxyethylene group, and RO is an alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
6 represents an oxyalkylene group. a and b are 5 ≦ a +
an integer satisfying b ≦ 100, and 0.01 ≦ a / (a
+ B) ≦ 0.6. In the general formula (IX), the alkyl group for R ⁸ and R ⁹ may be any of linear, branched or cyclic. Specific examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, and n-
Examples include a propyl group, an isopropyl group, various butyl groups, various pentyl groups, various hexyl groups, a cyclopentyl group, and a cyclohexyl group.

RO in the general formula (IX) is an oxyalkylene group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and the oxyalkylene group of the repeating unit is an oxypropylene group (P
O), an oxybutylene group, an oxypentylene group, and an oxyhexylene group. A preferred oxyalkylene group is an oxypropylene group (PO). The repeating units EO and RO may be in a block form or a random form, but a block form is preferred in terms of the effect. Preferred polyalkylene glycol derivatives of the present invention include polyoxyethylene propylene glycol, polyoxyethylene propylene glycol monomethyl ether, polyoxyethylene propylene dimethyl ether, and the like.

In the present invention, the component (C) may be used singly or in combination of two or more. Further, the compounding amount is 0.0001 based on the total amount of the composition.
The range is preferably from 1 to 1% by weight, more preferably from 0.001 to 0.1% by weight. In the present invention, as described above, a lubricating oil composition for a sliding surface which is excellent in both the friction characteristics and the water separation performance of the sliding part by simply blending the components (A) to (C) with the lubricating base oil. Can be used, and known lubricating oil additives can be used alone or in combination of several kinds for the purpose of further enhancing their various performances. As these additives, for example, phosphates such as tricresyl phosphate, fats and oils such as lard oil, lubricating improvers represented by fatty acids, etc .; corrosion inhibitors such as amines, alkanolamines, amides, carboxylic acids; Metal deactivators such as benzotriazole and thiadiazole; antifoaming agents such as methyl silicone, fluoro silicone and polyacrylate.

The addition amount of these known additives is optional, but the content of the lubricity improver is usually from 1 to 1 based on the total amount of the composition.
30% by weight, the content of the corrosion inhibitor is usually 0.01 to 5% by weight, the content of the metal deactivator is usually 0.005 to 1% by weight, and the content of the defoamer is usually 0.0001 to 0%. 0.5% by weight.

[0031]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following Examples, which should not be construed as limiting the invention thereto. Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 Paraffinic lubricating base oil (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. 65 m
m ² / s), a predetermined compound shown in Table 1 was added at a predetermined ratio to prepare a lubricating oil composition. Next, various tests shown below were performed on these lubricating oil compositions, and the performance as a lubricating oil for sliding surfaces was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Test Method] Sliding Surface Test The dynamic friction coefficient μ and the presence or absence of stick-slip were measured under the following conditions (for details, see Tribologist Vol. 3).
6, No. 12, pages 67-73). Surface pressure: 41-198 KPa (8 levels) Sliding speed: 30, 50, 100 mm / s (3 levels) Sliding surface material: Table S45C (JIS G 4051) Grinding finish saddle FC-20 (JIS G 5501) Kisage finish and turquite Two types of pasting finish The value of the coefficient of dynamic friction shown in Table 1 is 108 KP
a, Experimental values at a sliding speed of 50 mm / s. Water separation performance test According to JIS K2520, a water-soluble processing oil was used instead of water.

[0033]

[Table 1]

* 1 Lard sulfide (sulfur content: 11% by weight) * 2 Oleyl acid phosphate * 3 EO / PO block copolymer [terminal is OH group, E
O / PO + EO (molar ratio is 0.1) * 4 Number average molecular weight 300,000 * 5 Neutral * 6 Turquite * 7 Experimental results according to JIS K2520

[0035]

[Table 2]

* 1 to * 7 are the same as in Table 1. As is evident from Table 1, in Example 1 in which a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent, a phosphoric acid ester and a polyalkylene glycol were blended with the lubricating base oil, the friction characteristics (dynamic friction coefficient,
It can be seen that both stick-slip prevention properties and water separation properties are excellent.

[0037]

The lubricating oil composition for a sliding surface according to the present invention is excellent in both the frictional characteristics of the sliding portion and the water separation performance, so that even if a water-soluble coolant is used for cutting and grinding, the coolant can be used. Can be reused.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI C10M 135: 06 C10M 135: 06 135: 18 135: 18 135: 22 135: 22 135: 26 135: 26 137: 04 137: 04 137: 08 137: 08 145: 36) 145: 36) (C10M 161/00 (C10M 161/00 135: 04 135: 04 135: 06 135: 06 135: 18 135: 18 135: 22 135: 22 135: 26 135: 26 137: 04 137: 04 137: 08 137: 08 145: 34 145: 34 145: 36) 145: 36) C10N 30:00 C10N 30:00 B 30:06 30:06 40:02 40: 02 40:22 40:22 (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C10M 161/00 C10M 129/16 C10M 135/00-135/36 C10M 137/04-137/10 C10M 141 / 10 C10M 145/24-145/38 C10N 30:00 C10N 30:06 C10N 40:02 C10N 40:22

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A lubricating base oil comprising (A) a sulfurized oil or fat,
Lefin, dihydrocarbyl polysulfide, thioca
-Bamates, thioterpenes and dialkylthiodips
A sulfur-based extreme pressure agent consisting of at least one selected from lopionates , (B) a phosphate ester or an amine salt thereof, and (C) a polyalkylene glycol represented by the following general formula (IX) A lubricating oil composition for a sliding surface comprising a derivative. R ⁸ O- (EO) a- (RO) b-R ⁹ (IX) (wherein R ⁸ and R ⁹ are each a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom 1)
6 to 6 alkyl groups which are the same or different
EO may be an oxyethylene group, and RO may have 3 to 3 carbon atoms.
6 represents an oxyalkylene group. a and b are 5 ≦ a +
an integer satisfying b ≦ 100, and 0.01 ≦ a / (a
+ B) ≦ 0.6. ) 2. Component (A) is 0.1% based on the total amount of the composition.
10 to 10% by weight, component (B) is 0.001 to 10% by weight,
The lubricating oil composition for a sliding surface according to claim 1, wherein the component (C) is 0.0001 to 1% by weight.