HU185481B - Four-axle spatial logic toy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is a four-axis spatial logic game that forms an outer tetrahedron (or other regular, semi-regular, amorphous body). The thirty (small tetrahedrons and octahedrers! Complemented with rotational surfaces, truncated) are perpendicular to the axes of the core center switch of the tetrahedron (without disassembly of the large shape), four or four levels independent, or simultaneously rotated by four axes four times four level system. The movements (not the three axes of the rectangular coordinate system) are created around the four height lines of the tetrahedron. In another embodiment of the invention, there are eighteen surface elements, four-axis, four times, four-tier systems. Elements of the middle two levels of the four levels in a forced relationship together, - elements of the lower and upper levels can be rotated together or independently of each other and the elements of the middle levels. FIGURE 1 -1-

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a four-axis spatial logic game which externally has a triangular pyramid (tetrahedron) or other regular (e.g., sphere), semi-regular (e.g., "Archimedes" body delimited by four or four hexagonal and triangular faces) or modeling the body, made up of thirty-one elements. At the center of the tetrahedron, for example, is a small sphere having elastic pins on its axial cylindrical projections from the geometric center of the tetrahedron to its vertices. The assembled tetrahedron - or regular, semi-regular, irregular shape - divides perpendicular to each axis of this coupling into four independently and mutually rotatable levels, with sixteen, nine, four, and one per level element. For example, a tetrahedron consists of five surface elements, namely four corners, four vertebrae joints, twelve edge quadrants, six edge centerers, and four centerpieces, such that they form a closed mobile system with each other and the four-pointed small sphere.

In accordance with the present invention, the logical game is conceivable by using only nineteen elements of a tetrahedron or other regular, semi-regular, irregular body: four corners, four vertex connectors, six combined edge centerers (the simplest of which are two edge quarters and one edge centerer). ), consists of four centering plates and a four-projecting small spherical coupling. Thus, the tetrahedron is divided into four or four levels perpendicular to any axis of this coupling; the elements of the middle two levels of the four levels can be rotated together in a forced relationship, the elements of the lower and upper levels together or independently of each other and the elements of the middle levels; the number of elements moving together is ten on the lower level, seven on the middle two, and one on the upper level.

Triangular (equilateral) tiles giving the surface of a tetrahedron are encoded with specific figures, colors, or other means to distinguish them. Rotations can be used to create new surface permutations that are directed to a specific external image, or, in the simplest of cases, the task of re-arranging mixed creators.

The principle of puzzle logic games is that they have to be made up of separate elements in suitable configurations, constantly raising the same problem that is typical of the game because of the independence and ordering of the creators. One well-known example of this is the "SOMA" game, which has seven different shaped sections containing 3 or 4 elementary small cubes, which can be used to make a large 3 * 3 ^x 3 element cube.

The essence of sequential games is to swap the positions of the given elements in the rule. Such is Sam Loyd's "14-15", in which a 4x4 field board can be moved with 15 numbered fields and can be moved by sliding.

To eliminate this disadvantage and the difficulty of handling toys made up of separate and therefore losing elements, the "magic dominoes", the 3 x 3 x 3 and the 2 x 2 x 2 "Rubik's Cubes" (the 170 062- and U.S. Pat.

Their common ground: apart from the dismantling of the body of the big piece, the creators can be rebuilt by rotating one of their sheets.

These toys are new; their task is to develop the player's reasoning ability, problem solving skills and perception of space. Once solving algorithms become public domain, they can no longer solve really new logical problems, and in the future, fast position recognition, automation will play a decisive role.

The spatial logic game described in the present invention has all the advantages of the foregoing. In addition, it offers the ability to recognize the laws of the new game; by presenting conventional three-axis motions instead of right-angled movements in four-axis systems, it serves the development of spatial vision and problem-solving thinking by proposing new logical tasks.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: a thirty body (from a small tetrahedron and an octahedron, complemented or truncated) has perpendicular (without dismantling the large tetrahedron) rotation perpendicular to the axes of the quadrilateral small spherical actuator, with or without simultaneous rotation .

In another (illustrated) embodiment of the invention: eighteen (derived from a small tetrahedron, octahedron, assembled, rotated, truncated) body perpendicular to the axes of the nuclear switch (without disassembling the large tetrahedron), its four or four levels are constrained, it can be permutated by simultaneous rotation.

The spatial logic game described in the present invention will be explained in the accompanying drawings. The drawings show:

Figure 1 - Basic tetrahedron of thirty-one bodies - axonometry

Figure 2 - Top three levels of the tetrahedron rotated perpendicular to the axis of rotation (here vertical) during rotation - axonometry

Figure 3 - Levels of upper two rotated perpendicular to the tetrahedron axis (rotation perpendicular to this axis) during rotation - axonometry

Figure 4 - Upper plane of rotation perpendicular to the tetrahedron (here vertical) perpendicular to rotation - axonometry

Figure 5 - A possible rotation combination - axonometry

Figure 6 - Combination of multiple rotations - axonometry

Figure 7 - Three planar projections of a four-projecting small spherical actuator detailing:

Figure 7.1 - Top view of actuator

Figure 7.2 - Front view of actuator

Figure 7.3 - Side view of actuator

Figure 7.4 - Location of the trigger within the tetrahedron - top view

Figure 7.5 - Location of the trigger within the tetrahedron - front view

Figure 7.6 - Position of coupling member inside tetrahedron - side view

Figure 8 - Four-spherical small spherical coupling with heel and apex connection - axonometry

Figure 9 - Axonometry at one end of the four-projecting small spherical actuator with elastic pin, heel and apex

Figure 10 - Three image projections of the peak connection element, detailing:

Figure 10.1 - Top view of the tip connector

Figure 10.2 - Front view of the tip connector

Figure 10.3 - Side view of the tip connector

Figure 11 - Two planar projections and sections of the corner element, detailing:

Figure 11.1 - Top view of the corner element

Figure 11.2 - Front view of the corner element

Figure 11.3 - Cross section of the corner element

Figure 12 - Axonometry of the five types of creatures and their interrelation

Figure 12.1 - Corner axonometry

Figure 12.2 - Axonometry of the tip connector

Figure 12.3 - Edge Quarterly Axonometry

Figure 12.4 - Axonometry of edge centering

Figure 12.5 - Axonometry of the center of the page

Figure 13 - Three-dimensional projection of an edge quarter, detailing:

Figure 13.1 - Top view of the quarter

Figure 13.2 - Front view of the quarter

Figure 13.3 - Side view of front quarter

Figure 14 - Bottom view of anterior quadruple assembly, rotated state - axonometry

Figure 15 - Top view of a quadruple triple assembly - axonometry

Figure 16 - Edge centered three-dimensional projections - detailing:

Figure 16.1 - Top view of edge centerer

Figure 16.2 - Front view of the centering edge

Figure 16.3 - Side view of centering edge

Figure 17 - Three-image projections of page centerer - detail:

Figure 17.1 - Top view of the center of the page

Figure 17.2 - Front view of page centerer

Figure 17.3 - Side view of page centerer

Figure 18 - Three-to-three center-to-center centering - axonometry

Figure 19 - Separated tetrahedron portions separated and combined edge centering axonometry detail:

Figure 19.1 - The axonometry of a moving three-level upper fractal

Figure 19.2 - Axonometry of auxiliary lower row of a moving three-level upper partial tetrahedron

Figure 19.3 - Axonometry of combined edge centering. ,,

Figure 20 - Moving tetrahedron parts separated, in axonometry, detailing:

Figure 20.1 - Axonometry of a moving two-dimensional upper partial tetrahedron

Figure 20.2 - Axonometry of the moving lower two-part upper tetrahedron complementary lower two element series

Figure 1 illustrates tetrahedron 1, which has four unit lengths of its choice (but practically about 8 cm). .

The tetrahedron is made up of thirty-one bodies, namely:

7 and 8: a small sphere 2 having a pin 4 at its axial center with axial cylindrical projections 3 directed toward the vertices of the tetrahedron 1. Its elasticity is secured by a helical spring 5 and a support 6. This flexibility is needed because of the compact, precise fit and the solidity of the constituents of the tetrahedron 1. The radius of the small sphere 2 is equal to the radius of the inscribed circle of a unit - practically 2 cm - equilateral triangle) - four vertices 7 - four 8 corners - twelve Out of 9 edge quarters - six out of 10 edge centerers - four il side guides.

They are made of low friction coefficient material that can be molded to exact dimensions.

The moving surfaces of the groups of elements shown in Figure 2 are delimited by recesses. These surfaces are delimited by a ring of large spherical shells 12 having the same origin as the center of the small sphere 2 and a frustoconical circumference of a flat aperture 13.

The radius of the 12 large spherical shells must not be greater than the radius of the inscribed circle of the three equilateral triangles (6 cm). The axis of the truncated cone with the flat aperture 13 coincides with the corresponding axis of the cylindrical projection 3 - with the vertical in the case of the movable surfaces of Fig. 2. The outer arc of the truncated cone with flat aperture 13 corresponds to the arc of the ring of the large spherical shell 12, and the inner arc of the small spherical shell 15 (with radius equal to 2 small spheres) perpendicular to the axis of the flat aperture.

The moving surface of the groups of elements shown in Fig. 3 is delimited by the circumference of the cone 14 and the plane separating the moving levels.

The tip of the cone 14 coincides with the center of the 2 small spheres. The radius of the base circle of the cone 14 on the plane separating the moving levels must not be greater than the radius of the two units (practically 4 cm) of an equilateral triangle.

Each surface element constituting the tetrahedron 1 is closed by a piece of small spherical shell 15 having the same radius as the small sphere 2.

Fig. 10 shows the tip connecting element 7, the mass of which is formed by a small octahedron and a tetrahedron formed. The apex connecting element 7 is attached to the projection of the small sphere 2 at the apex of the small tetrahedron, flush with the small spherical shell 15 and the small bore 16. The apex connecting element 7 is closed by diamond-like faces from the edge quarters 9, which have truncated cones 13 with flat apertures and a notch formed on the surface of the large spherical shell 12. The tip connector 7 is provided with a cylindrical bore 17 for receiving it from the corner 8, its radius not exceeding the radius of the inscribed circle of an equilateral triangle (2 cm). The cylindrical bore 17 with the small bore 16 is directed toward the cylindrical projection 3

185,481 "punches" the 7 tip fittings. Four pieces of this piece are made.

All. In Fig. 1A, the corner 8 is illustrated with a housing 18 attached to a small tetrahedron shape formed in a manner adapted to receive a pin 4, a spiral spring 5 and a washer 6 into the cylindrical bore 17. The assembled state is illustrated in Figure 9 (X-ray-like). Four of the 8 corners are required.

Fig. 13 illustrates an edge quarter 9 having a small tetrahedron with a cone 14 attached to its base. The edge quarter 9 is bounded by a diamond-like face from the tip connector 7, with a projection formed by the surface of the truncated cone 13 and the large spherical shell 12 (which is received by the incision of the tip connector 7). The protruding portion of the leading quarter 9 and the cone 14 are divided on both sides by the incisions formed by the surface of the frustoconical cone 13 and the large spherical shell 12. The edge quarter is closed by a piece of small spherical shell 15 from below. The 9 quarters! twelve are made.

Figure 16 illustrates a small octahedron-centered edge centerer 10. The small octahedron is bordered by six truncated, two 19 truncated isosceles triangles. The sides adjacent to each of the two non-trimmed faces 19 are truncated by the cones 14 connected to their base circles. The edge centerer 10 shows further milling in the direction of the core center link member. These are adjacent to one side of one of the 19 unpaired equilateral triangles; and they are formed by frustoconical cones with 13 flat apertures and 12 large spherical shells. The center of the nail 10 is closed by a piece of small spherical shell 15 from the geometric center of the tetrahedron 1. Six of the 10 edge centerers are made.

In FIG. 1 page center appears. Its encompassing mass is a small tetrahedron, with 3 side faces (bordered by 13 flat-apertured truncated cones and 12 large spherical shells). These projections are truncated with the cone surfaces 14 such that each component of the cones 14 is at the appropriate edge of the enclosing small tetrahedron. The center of the sheet 11 is closed from the center of the tetrahedron by a piece of small spherical shell 15. Four of the 11 centered sheets are made.

The corner 8 is symmetrical on the uniaxial axis 9, the center 10 on the axis 2, the tip 7 and the center 11 on the axis 3.

The possibilities of moving the tetrahedron 1 are shown in the figure.

Fig. 1 shows the tetrahedron 1 in its basic state (the connection of its components is detailed in Fig. 12). At the cylindrical projection 3 of the center linking member, the tip connector 7 is held and held by the corner element 8 in a pivotable and flexible manner. Three notches 9 are connected to the notches of each of the apex connectors 7 with their protruding surface. The edge quadrants 9 will pair up with 10 centering pairs per pair. Each of the centering tabs 11 is secured by protruding faces of each of the three centering tabs 10.

Figure 2 shows a three-level partial tetrahedron rotating about a vertical axis. Compared to the center linkage, the fixed-bottom sixteen body members provide a movable surface (shown in Figure 19) for the movable components. (This moving surface is intersected by a truncated cone 13 with a vertically aligned axis and a large spherical shell 12.) The rotating three-level sub-tetrahedron is flush with this moving surface. These motion surfaces are rotationally symmetrical, so that they are "insensitive" to rotation (120 °, 240 °, 360 ° and intermediate states), holding the tetrahedron 1 together like in the initial position.

Figure 3 shows a two-level partial tetrahedron rotating about a vertical axis. The lower tetrahedron portion, fixed here relative to the center linking member, provides a movable surface (shown in FIG. 20) for the pivoting two-level partial tetrahedron formed by a peripheral of a cone 14 axially aligned with the vertical axis. These motion surfaces are rotationally symmetric, so that they hold the tetrahedron 1 together for the 120 °, 240 °, 360 ° rotations (and the intermediate states ("insensitive"), similar to the initial position.

Fig. 4 shows the corner element 8 which rotates about the vertical axis; Figures 5 and 6 show the angle elements 2, 3 and

Figure 4 shows some possible combinations of "basic rotations".

The spatial logic game of the present invention may also be embodied in the assembly of some of the body bodies that form the most common embodiment of the game, such as two edge quadrants 9 and one edge centerer 10, by combining them together. Then the game consists of nineteen elements:

it consists of four tip connectors 7, four corners 8, six combined edge centerers 20 and four panel centerers 11.

The game is thus movable as shown in Figures 2 and 4 in a four-axis, four-by-four forced system.

By encoding the equilateral triangle pages of the tetrahedron bounding surface by means of diagrams, colors, or other means, a game can be created which can provide the user of the game with an almost unlimited number of entertaining logic tasks by improving the player's problem solving skills, systematical logic.

I do not limit my invention to the tetrahedron, because it can be implemented in almost any form (regular, semi-regular, amorphous).

Claims (7)

Patent claims 1. A four-axis four-level three-dimensional logic game, in its external shape, is formed into a tetrahedron (l) or other regular, semi-regular, amorphous body with a small sphere (2) in the geometric center of, for example, a tetrahedron (1) (1) elasticly extending outwardly from its cylindrical protrusions (3) with a spiral spring (5) and a washer (6); characterized in that the cylindrical projections (3) have an apex-4185481 apex (7) and a corner (8) attached to the surface of the tetrahedron (1) by four further flap-shaped (ly) elements such that the shaped bodies are cylindrical projections (3). ) at 120 °, 240 ', 360 °, can be rotated in each direction simultaneously and simultaneously in both directions. An embodiment of the four-axis three-dimensional logic game according to claim 1, characterized in that the tetrahedron (1) is formed by only thirty-one spatial elements - the switching element and thirty surface elements - such that the six centering edges along the edges of the tetrahedron (1) 10) and twelve edge quarters (9) are identical in size and shape. An embodiment of the four-axis three-dimensional logic game according to claim 1, characterized in that the tetrahedron (1) is formed by only nineteen spatial blocks - the coupling member and eighteen surface elements - such that six combined edge centers along the edges of the tetrahedron (1) (20) are the same size, shape. An embodiment of the four-axis three-dimensional logic game according to claim 1, characterized in that the four pieces of the tip connector (7) are arranged on the cylindrical projections (3), their mass being formed by a small octahedron and a tetrahedron it is formed by recesses formed with flat open truncated cones (13) and a large spherical shell (12), closed from below by a small spherical shell (15), a small octahedron receiving a cylindrical bore (17) in the direction of the cylindrical projection (3) ). An embodiment of a four-axis three-dimensional logic game according to claim 1, characterized in that the corner elements (8) are provided with a housing (18) attached to a small tetrahedron shape, which is pivotable in the cylindrical bore (17) by the pin (4). , are designed to receive the spiral spring (5) and the washer. 6. An embodiment of a four-axis three-dimensional logic game according to claim 1, characterized in that the four identical bodies forming the tetrahedron (1) are located in the center of the plane of the tetrahedron (1), 5 a small tetrahedron enclosing mass of these tabs (11) is closed at the bottom by a small spherical shell (15), divided on its three sides by flat apertured truncated cones (11) and a large spherical shell (12) delimited by It is truncated by forming cones (14) at its 10 edges. An embodiment of the four-axis three-dimensional logic game according to claim 2, characterized in that the six identical bodies forming the tetrahedron (1) are located at the center of the edges of the tetrahedron (1) with small octahedron-shaped center edges (10). enclosing the mass from the bottom of the small spherical shell (15) is truncated at a time oldalszomszédos both csonkolatlan (19) equilateral triangular face sheet their fittingly this sheet are truncated (14) ²⁰ cones of the basic circle, with the csonkolatlan (19) equilateral triangular sheet with one of a side along its adjacent faces, there are recesses formed with the surface of the flat apertured truncated cones (13) and the large spherical shell (12). 8. An embodiment of a four-axis spatial logic game according to claim 2, characterized in that the twelve identical bodies forming the tetrahedron (1) are located in the leading quadrants of the tetrahedron (1), the small mass enclosing these edge quadrants (9) being small. a tetrahedron to which the cone (14) is connected from above its base, projecting from the apex connector (7) with projections on both sides delimited by a flat apertured cone (13) and a large spherical shell (12) from below at the edges (9) the Closes with 35 small spherical shells (15).