HU180530B - Coloured coating material for coating various surfaces and method for applying same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a multicolor coating of various color coatings, in particular to exterior or interior surfaces, to the production of fine art or decorative designs of particulate additives and binders, and to a process for applying the coating.

There are many solutions for decorating the exterior walls and interior spaces of various buildings and objects. Artistic plane techniques used in architectural interiors, such as fresco, secco, mosaic, colored glass windows, various enamel techniques, gypsum marble inlay, wood inlay or various plastic paints.

Frescoes and secco are very labor-intensive techniques and not appropriate for today's avant-garde painting styles. Mosaic can be a good expression of today's artistic endeavor, but due to the inherent nature of its components, it requires a meticulous workmanship that gives it a slightly rigid scenic effect. The place of installation of colored glass windows is very limited, it depends on the structure of the building and the facade, and it can be placed only on a wall which is also an external wall, and its color effect is only behind natural light. The scope of application of enamel techniques is limited, as they can have an 'architectural-alien' effect on large, colorful scale. Gypsum marble inlay in mode'rn architecture does not gain ground, so modern mural art does not require this technique either. Wood inlay is a very popular technique in murals, and since wood is an essential material of architecture, wood inlay as a fine art wall surface can greatly enhance the aesthetic value of an architectural space. The disadvantage is that it has a limited scenic effect, as the color range is very limited. Plastic paints are rarely used for mural purposes, since acrylates known in the art of painting are generally "grain free" inks, so they do not give a rustic, sturdy, durable surface.

There are also several outdoor flat surface decoration techniques for exterior surfaces, such as sgrafitto, mosaic, enamel colored metal sheet, concrete colored or patterned concrete, plastic paints, etc.

The same applies to mosaics, enamel techniques and plastic paints as before for interior decoration. The application of the sgrafitto technique is severely limited by the climatic conditions, so it is not advisable to apply it on external surfaces in Hungary as well. Only concrete shades of gray can be achieved with patterned concrete, and the coloring of the concrete is not widespread in practice due to stains due to the poor quality of the paints and difficult execution.

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Also used in architecture are composite materials which are suitable for covering architectural works and for use as stand-alone building blocks. Such a solution is described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 530,945. Swiss Patent Specification. The material disclosed herein consists of an inorganic crumb bound together by a plastic dispersion. Homogeneous building blocks can be made of the material, as well as plywood elements. However, this solution is not suitable for decoration and especially for the creation of fine art, as the fillers and fillers are neutral or may be mixed in the mass. The grain size of the powder is also variable, which is not a problem in the construction of building blocks, but excludes its use as a decorative coating. The disadvantage of this solution is that it requires heat treatment to achieve the desired strength.

There is also known a solution (see Hungarian Publication No. H / 1995) which is capable of forming a colored facade coating. This mixture also consists of mineral ground and binder, but cannot be used as a stand alone building material, only for surface finishes with weather and weather resistant textures. The plastic dispersion used as a binder or protective layer provides resistance to the weathering of the coating, and the mineral powder is suitable for different colors.

However, since this mixture is also very inhomogeneous in terms of grain size and physical properties, time and frost resistance of the raw material, it is unsuitable for use in architectural interiors or panels and, depending on the quality of the material used, variable.

The purpose of the present study is to develop a color coating material that can be applied to both exterior surfaces and interior architectural spaces, and even panels or panels, in multiple colors, in the form of decorative or fine artwork, and is sufficiently color and durable when applied to exterior wall surfaces.

In accordance with the present invention, the object of the present invention is to provide a coating comprising a granular additive and a binder comprising 55 to 65% by volume of additive and 35 to 45% by volume of binder, wherein the additive is a single fraction of resin.

If the selected fraction has a particle size of 2 or 3 mm and a fraction of 0.2 to 0.3 mm is used for the coating material in the range of 60 to 65, the coating material must contain 55% by volume of additive. Preferably, the binder is a resin based on a styrene acrylic acid ester. By the given volume percentage I always mean the volume volume of the materials.

In general, the use of a dye when using the coating material according to the invention is aesthetically advantageous, as it is aesthetically advantageous to coat the natural colors of the building materials, but in special cases there is no impediment to the mixture containing pigments. In this case, the amount of powder paint may not exceed 20% by volume with a maximum of 40% by volume of stone grit.

The coating material of the present invention is applied to the various surfaces by wet wetting the additive and binder after weighing the additive and binder, and then mixing the wetted additive and binder, and optionally the paint, by applying a compression force to all parts of the surface. applied. During the operations, it should be ensured that the coating material is a "wet state" and the so-called "wet state". Should be between 'low plastic consistency'. Moisturizing is very important in order to prevent the powder from removing the water content of the water resin after mixing, and to make the color of the rock particles more saturated. Stirring is performed using an oxidation-free tool. Generally, 5 minutes or two is sufficient to coat the particles of stone on the sides and edges of the dispersion to form a uniformly distributed suspension. This is to ensure that the particles adhere to the surface as much as possible when applied.

The application is also carried out with an oxidation-free tool and on an oxidation-free surface with a pressure of about 1-3 kg. The material 5 is compacted by scrolling and pressing on a horizontal surface, applied rapidly to a vertical surface and compacted immediately by pressure. After application of the different colored coatings, the coating is dried at 10-30 ° C for at least 4 hours.

If necessary, the surface to be coated should be coated with a trowel prior to applying the mixture to eliminate unevenness and surface imperfections. If the surface to be coated is absorbent, it is advisable to apply a deep primer before applying the coating. Preferred deep-priming solvents are vinyl-toluene-acrylate copolymer-based solvent liquid resins. It is advisable to dilute the deep primer with water up to 1: 1).

Generally, it is preferable to prepare the coating material immediately before application, but it is also possible to store the prepared mixture.

Storage must be carried out in containers made of hermetically sealed and> non-oxidised material.

For the preparation of the stone gravel, we use essentially homogeneous and light-resistant (ie, non-fading) rocks with strong colored, highly toned rocks. The colors of the various plastic mortars are in most cases determined by the basic color of the rocks. Usually, powder paints are used only when the desired color of the chippings is not available (e.g., gold powder).

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It should be noted that not only natural mineral flour may be used in the present invention, but also various building materials and clay materials such as clinker, paving bricks, ceramic, metlachi, etc. can also be used. However, when selecting the material, care must be taken to use antifreeze and at least 5 to 7 Brinell hardnesses to coat the outside. Interior surfaces exposed to abrasion (such as flooring or decoration at a height) require materials of similar hardness.

A great advantage of the present invention is that it is capable of creating both figurative and non-figurative compositions on the exterior or interior wall surfaces of buildings, objects, or even on separate panels and panels. The process is very easy to master, but the colors provided by natural materials and the plastic toys inside the picture plane give the artist an extraordinary opportunity.

It also has the advantage of being extremely durable and relatively inexpensive. At the same time, it is aesthetically pleasing: a granular, slightly shiny, non-cracking coating. It also has the great advantage of allowing the water vapor to pass through, thus preventing the natural breathing of the wall.

The present invention has several additional advantages. Studio production allows the creation of a work of art to be independent of the execution of the building, both spatially and temporally, and ensures the mobility of the work. The same applies to prefabricated panels.

The colored coating material according to the invention can be applied, as I said, on various surfaces in the studio, in the factory or on the external or internal wall surfaces at the installation site.

The murals made in the studio are made on panels and panels that can be mounted on the wall surfaces. The panels used may be the carriers of a complete work of art or decorative element, but for larger pieces, it is advisable to cut the work into separate panels and assemble it at the point of use. Plywood, fibreboard, and seamboard are preferred bases for these panners. The advantage of these materials is that they are easy to move during the coating process due to their low weight and that they can be mounted on thin partitions. A further advantage of using plywood is that, if desired, certain surface portions may remain free without plastering, since the beauty of the wood material satisfies even the most aesthetically demanding requirements.

The thickness of the 'plywood' depends on the size of the panels, but the size of the panels is determined by the size and the composition of the artwork. Given that the joining of panels to a mounted work is represented by a mesh pattern, it is up to the creative artist to determine the optimum way to cut the composition.

Since the wood boards are absorbent, they should be impregnated with a deep primer. A preferred vinyl-toluene-acrylate copolymer-based solvent deep primer is applied by a flat brush. Liquid synthetic resin is sucked into the fibers as a root, causing the wood surface to become saturated. The deep primer thus increases the adhesive strength between the coating material and the substrate. Drying of the primer coat on the wood board takes up to 1 hour at room temperature. The coating may then be applied.

When selecting wood, care should be taken to ensure that no cracks are present, if any, they should be removed with trowel or trowel.

It is usually enough to impregnate a plywood or wood substrate once with a deep primer, but if another surface such as gypsum board is used, the primer should be repeated several times. It is very important that the surface impregnated with the deep primer remains matte. For this, the primer should be diluted with water. The dilution ratio should not normally exceed 1: 1. The degree of dilution can be optimally determined by trial.

After the priming coat has dried, it is possible to start applying the plaster, the top coat. In the process, it is preferable for the base to be in a horizontal, well supported position. As the coating is applied, as I said, a relatively high pressure is required to ensure sufficient adhesion, which is considerably lighter in the horizontal position of the panel. The advantage of this position is that there is no spillage, so there is little material loss. The mass must not be smeared on the surface, it must be compacted so that the additive particles are placed close to each other and the gap is minimized in the coating. The denser the coating, the better the coating properties. So the work requires thorough and precise work, even if we have a deep primer to increase traction.

Of course, decorative coatings can be made not only on wood but also on other, for example, metal sheets. Clearly, metal sheets, being non-absorbent, need not be treated with a deep primer.

When the coating material according to the invention is applied on the wall in situ, the surface to be coated is usually plastered brick, concrete, artificial stone, gypsum, asbestos cement, wood, etc. A smooth, even surface should be provided under the plaster. Older or absorbent walls need to be soaked with a deep primer just like wood boards. If there are any irregularities or cracks in the wall surface, they should be removed with a trowel. After the patch has dried, apply the decorative plaster.

Applying the plaster to a vertical surface can only be done by hand, as the consistency of the paste mentioned above - the transition from a damp to a slightly ductile state - is not suitable for machine application.

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Apply the plaster evenly in small patches on the wall to minimize dripping and immediately compact the surface with circular trowel. Here, too, I emphasize that all tools used must be made of non-oxidizing material.

It is advisable to make a color scheme before applying different colored coatings (i. I. Some paint fields can only be colored after drying by applying a new coat) and it is advisable to draw the contours on the wall surface. When drawing with charcoal, excess carbon dust must be shot off the wall surface.

It can also be used to make house coating panels according to the invention. The prefabricated reinforced concrete facades and wall panels of the buildings can be used as a fine art work. This is done at the place of manufacture of the building element (plant) before the installation, using essentially the same technology as on-site application. The difference is essentially that the coating material has to be applied to a horizontal element rather than a vertical one, which speeds up the process technology.

Further details of the invention will be described by way of exemplary embodiments.

Example 1

We made a large wall picture on the outer wall. For this purpose, a 3 mm grain size was used. The grist was made of gray, brown and red compacted limestone, yellow dolomite, green chlorite slate and white marble on a jaw-dropping machine. The appropriate fraction was selected by screening.

The coating composition consisted of 50% powder and 40% binder. The binder used was a viscous styrene- and acrylic acid-based acrylate copolymer dispersion resin. Stirring was carried out after moistening the meal. To do this, we used a wooden tray and a stainless steel blade.

The application was made by hand, directly on the wall. The wall image was made of two layers so that the plaster layer had a thickness of 6 mm.

The drying was carried out at about 20 ° C. After 5 hours the plaster solidified completely.

Example 2

We made decorations on the inner wall of a public building. The material used was a 2 mm fraction of red marble, white dolomite, black gabbro, blue ankerite, green mouse, and some other colored mettlach leaves.

First of all, when decorating, we removed the unevenness of the wall, using a filler made of 0.2-0.3 mm fractions of the same materials. Viscous styrene and acrylic acid-based acrylate copolymer dispersion resins were used as binders for both smaller and larger particle size additives. The volume ratio of additive to binder was 55%: 45% in the filler and 60%: 40% in the larger particle size.

We started by creating outlines by drawing outlines. After that, we made the color scheme of the decoration with the color plaster. In doing so, it should be noted that fine-grained climbs always have a lighter shade than coarse-grained mortars from the same material. The approximately 1 mm size of the rocks still retains the original color of the rock log, but below this size the color of the powder becomes lighter as the grain size decreases.

After moistening, which consisted of spraying with water, the filler constituting the filler was mixed in a glass jar with a glass rod after addition of the binder. Finishing was done with a stainless steel spatula.

After the base layer had dried, a second coating layer was prepared. Its preparation and application technology was essentially the same as that described in Example 1.

The colored plaster applied in accordance with the invention dried in a room at 25 ° C within 4 hours.

Example 3

To decorate the interior, we made a large pan in a studio. The coating material was applied to 9 mm thick plywood. Each plate was 70x110 cm in size.

The coating material was prepared from 2 mm fractions of clinker, Mettlach, brick and ceramic waste. The binder used here is a viscous styrene and acrylic acid based acrylate copolymer dispersion resin. The volume ratio of additive to binder was 60% to 40%. Wetting and mixing was carried out in a glass jar with a glass rod.

Prior to the application of the coating material, the wooden boards were soaked with a solvent-based primer based on vinyl toluene acrylate copolymer. The deep primer was diluted 1: 0.7 with water.

After drying of the primer (after 50 minutes), the coating material was applied to the wooden boards with a stainless steel pad and allowed to dry at room temperature for about 5 hours after thoroughly gluing. We then put together a picture of the tables on the spot. The assembly was done by screwing it into the wall structure by attaching it to the wooden frame mounted by wooden packages. The screwing points were subsequently coated with the appropriate colored mass.

Example 4

We made a wall picture similar to the one shown in the previous example, also in a studio. This time, the panels were not brass panels, but brass panels. The materials used were those described in Example 2, but this time only the 0.2-0.3 mm fraction was used. We also used gold powder paint for the picture. This was mixed in such a way that the powder-stone-stone-to-binder ratio was 15:40:45% by volume. Once again, the wetting and mixing was done in a glass jar with a glass rod and the application was done with a stainless steel pad.

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The picture was also different from the one shown in Example 3 in that the color spots were not only placed side by side in a single plane, but were applied side by side and superimposed. Thus, a multi-planar surface of different film thicknesses was produced, the plastic play of which provided relief.

The plates were dried over a stove at about 30 ° C for about 4 hours. The plates were then mounted on a wall-mounted frame, as in the previous example.

Example 5

The invention has also been tested in the manufacture of prefabricated panels, with panels of 8 to 9 m ^{2 being} made using technology that is slightly different from conventional technology. The panel is usually finished with white crushed stone. If so-called. sandwich panel, the outer layer of bark concrete is sprayed with rock chips. In the practice of the present invention, the stone chips were left out and the decorative plaster layer applied instead. The bark concrete underneath was formed with a smooth surface to provide a suitable base for the plastic plaster. This time, a fraction having a particle size of 4 mm was used. The materials used, as well as the mixing and application technology, were the same as in Example 1 except that the application could be carried out in a more horizontal position.

From the examples presented, it is clear that the present invention has a very wide range of applications and is very advantageous for decoration and the creation of fine art. Another advantage is that it is easy to clean with water and extremely durable. With its application, not only can interior artwork be created on the interior or exterior of buildings, but panels made in the studio using the material and technology of the invention can be placed anywhere. By producing prefabricated housing panels in accordance with the present invention, the unanimity of the housing estates can be eliminated. In addition, the artistic wall design of the multicolored rustic plastic plaster according to the invention can give a very nice look to the facades or representative interiors of public buildings. Material and technology provide the opportunity to create both figurative and non-figurative compositions, interpreting any style, as the process is easy to master and simple to apply.

Patent claims

Claims (17)

Claims 1. Colored coating material for coating various surfaces, in particular multicolour exterior or interior wall surfaces, or for creating fine art or decorative designs of particulate additive and viscous binder, characterized in that it comprises 55 to 65% by volume of additive and 35 to 45% by volume of binder, a single fraction of a particular color of stone or clay powder, and the binder is an acrylate copolymer dispersion resin. 4. A bulk formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it contains 60 to 65% by volume of an additive which Fraction having a particle size of 2 mm or 3 mm. Embodiment according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises 55% by volume of an additive which is a fraction having a particle size of 0.2-0.3 mm. 4. Embodiment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the binder is a resin based on styrene and acrylic acid. 5. The coating material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a dye. 6. Procedure 1-5. Applying a color coating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the additive and binder are weighed and mixed and then manually applied to the surface to be coated, using a spatula or a trowel and a trowel, wherein the additive is not moistened after mixing. using an oxidizing tool, applying to the non-oxidizing surface by applying a compression force to all parts of the surface, using an anti-oxidizing tool and drying the deposited coating material at a temperature of 10 to 30 ° C for at least 4 hours. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the surface to be coated is coated with a plaster prior to application of the mixture. 8. A method according to any one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the surface to be coated is treated with a deep primer. 9. The process according to claim 8, wherein the liquid state vinyl toluene acrylate copolymer-based solvent-based primer is used. 10. The process of claim 8 or 9, wherein the deep primer is diluted with water in a ratio of up to 1: 1. 11. Figures 6-10. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the coating material is applied to a board or boards. 12. A method according to claim 11, characterized in that the board or boards provided with the coating material are attached to an outer or inner wall surface. 13. Figures 6-10. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coating material is applied to prefabricated building elements. 14. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by -511 It is necessary to apply the coating directly to the inner wall surface. 15. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coating material is applied directly to the outer wall surface. 16. A 6-15. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mixing is carried out immediately before application. 17, pp. 6-15. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mixture is stored in a container made of airtight, non-oxidizing material. Λ responsible for publishing: Director of the Economic and Legal Publishing House 83. 32 210 Petőfi Nyomda, Kecskemét - Chief Executive Officer: Lithuanian Director of the Window