HU180201B - Device for heating and ventilating vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

Unit for heating and ventilating utility vehicles, wherein a housing is made in the form of a one-piece plastics tub (11) with end walls (30, 31) and side walls (20, 21 Fig. 2) converging from open top (12) to a base (19), the upstream end wall (30) has the air-inlet aperture (33) with a connection (34) for a fan (35) and extends at a relatively large acute apex angle ( alpha ) to the top (12), the opposed side walls (20, 21) have inwardly projecting bracket surfaces (23) for the purpose of laterally supporting the inlet side (26) of a heat-exchanger (24), said bracket surfaces being inclined with respect to the top (12) at an acute angle corresponding to about half the apex angle ( alpha ) of the upstream end wall (30), and on the outlet side (27) of the heat-exchanger (24) the downstream end wall (31) and the top (12) form by way of approximately equal lengths a prismatic space (29) with the air- outlet aperture (17, 37). In one embodiment, an oscillating flap (70) is expediently mounted so as to be pivotable about a horizontal spindle (71) between a fresh-air inlet aperture (69) and the mouth (33) of the coupling of the fan (35), and actuates a sensor (80) which controls the fan (35). <IMAGE>

Description

The present invention relates to an apparatus for heating and ventilating driver's cabs, passenger compartments or the like in vehicles comprising a fan, a heat exchanger, a hanger inlet and an outlet outlet located outside the housing having an open base surface, and a heat outlet inlet to the fan outlet.

It is known in the case of large space vehicles, such as bus heaters, that underneath the passenger compartment floor is a ready-to-install, enclosed enclosure with air intakes and outlets on all sides. where the air flow generated by the fans is applied to the inlet side of the heat exchanger. It is not possible to position the heater elsewhere in the vehicle, since the housing is a substantially bell-shaped metal structure that is primarily located in the luggage compartment below the passenger compartment floor.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for heating and ventilation that can be used within the vehicle for a variety of applications and, despite its simple construction, the maximum power of the fan and heat exchanger.

To solve this problem, it has been suggested in the introduction that the housing is formed as a one-piece plastic trough with front and side walls converging from the open base surface to the bottom, and the upstream front wall with large air inlet and vent connections closes a pointed angle; opposing side walls for laterally supporting the heat exchanger inlet side with protruding console surfaces

-1180201, which are inclined at an acute angle to the base surface and this angle is approx. half of the downstream front wall is angled, and finally, at the outlet side of the heat exchanger, the downstream front wall and the base surface form a prism mold space approximately equal to the length of the shaft in which air outlets are formed.

The house is a one-piece plastic trough that is deep-seated. it may be created by injection molding or other appropriate procedure. The trough can be made of polyurethane, hard PVC, polyester or the like with or without fiberglass reinforcement. Due to the converging front and side walls towards the floor, the trough can be stacked on top of each other. The fan or fans, which are preferably radial fans or cross-flow fans, are fixedly connected to the plastic trough so that the air flow always loads in the same way on the properly installed heat exchanger. The airflow is also approx. Arriving at an acute angle of 5θ ° to the inlet side of the heat exchanger, so that the entire inlet side of the heat exchanger is uniformly loaded, while the arrangement is designed to only slightly diffuse air flow in the inlet region . This is due to the formation of a prism mold space at the outlet side of the heat exchanger, which is delimited by the even-faced surfaces in the roof above the outlet side. Due to the stronger flow, surfaces with air outlets create a relatively uniform velocity profile that reduces vortex losses on the connecting nozzles, pipelines, or the like. In addition, the unit is designed for maximum power, which is valid both for flow because the air deflection is below 9θ and also for heat transfer because the heat exchanger is always loaded on its entire surface. The ribs on the heat exchanger allow air to be largely vortexless, further reducing losses in terms of flow and heat transfer. The unit is thus also suitable for partial load operation without significantly reducing its power.

The plastic trough is simple and compact, with little space required and a small fan space outside the trough. This arrangement allows the fan to be removed and reinserted, for example, for maintenance work, without major installation work. Due to its compact design, the equipment is cabs and driver's seats. Suitable for heating, ventilating and clinicizing cabin or similar. It can be used for heating and ventilating the front wall, heating the foot area of the driver's seats, heating the center of the bus and supplying the side passages with hot air in buses or the like.

Further, a device for heating and / or ventilating driver's cabs or similar in a vehicle, such as a bus, having a fan for supplying fresh air and optionally recirculated air and at least one inlet facing the direction of travel is provided and and which is freely adjustable when loaded with tensile pressure, with at least one sensor controlling the fan, optionally having a heat exchanger and an air vent directed into the interior of the vehicle

-2180201, the efficiency of the swing damper must be increased and the structural design of the device must be reduced and control must be made as independent as possible from mechanical and dynamic effects on the move. To accomplish this object, according to the invention, the swinging damper is pivotally rotated about a horizontal axis between the fresh air intake and the fan inlet port, and in the region of the fan discharge inlet region, a sensor and a spring The sensor is located between the stable, resting position and the inlet of the fan discharge port.

This has the advantage that the swing damper is stabilized in all three operating positions so that the flow conditions in the intake space before the heat exchanger are always the same and are independent of the current travel conditions, especially the measured travel speeds, and maintain a constant flow rate at the air outlets.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are exemplary of the present invention. their embodiment.

Figure 1 is a side view of the apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the plastic trough of the device from the front facing downstream thereof.

Figure 3 shows the layout of the unit for underfloor installation.

4-6. Figures 1 to 5 show the arrangement of the device in the case of a front installation.

Figure 7 illustrates the arrangement of the unit for installation under a roof with additional air-conditioning components.

The b. Fig. 6A shows the arrangement of the device with additional air conditioning elements when installing snow globes.

Figure 9 illustrates the arrangement of the device for installation under a roof.

Figure 10 is a partially sectional and partly sectional view of the arrangement of the device in the case of a front installation.

The apparatus 10 consists essentially of a plastic trough 11 having an open base surface 12' surrounded by a circumferential flange 13. The flange 13 may have a protruding edge 14 which allows the cover 15 to be inserted. Holes 16 are formed in the flange 13 to secure the cover 15. The diameter of the holes 16 may be different so as to make it possible to connect the device 10 to other housings or body parts. The roof 15 may be provided with air outlet apertures 17 which may be in the form of slots or connection stubs.

Preferably, the flange 13 is provided with ribs 18 passing through the side walls 20, 21 and the front walls 30, 31. The two side walls 20, 21 and the two front walls 30, 31 converge from the open base surface 12 to the bottom 19. The bottom 19 is substantially parallel to the base surface 12.

The outer angle of the two sidewalls 20, 21 is approx. 8 °. In each case, they form an inwardly projecting slope 22 having a console surface 23 which is approx. Closes an angle of 42. This is approx. the half. Between the bottom 19 and the downstream rear wall 31, the wall portion 32 extends to the bracket surface 23. The wall portion 32 and the bracket surfaces 23 are provided with a rectangular heat exchanger 24 having a lateral collector adapted to the conicity of the side walls 20, 21. In this way, near the base surface 12, the surface of the collector is enlarged to accommodate the water connection stubs 25. The water conduits are provided through the hollow wall 30 or one of the hoses 20; It can be led out of the 11 plastic troughs through 21 side walls. The heat exchanger 24 can be operated with oil.

The heat exchanger 24 has an inlet side 26 and an outlet side 27 for airflow. Because the heat exchanger 24 is substantially transverse to the plastic trough 11, it is divided into 28 inlets and 29 in the outlet. The two spaces are perfectly separated by the heat exchanger 24 such that, without additional seals, there is a suitable seal between the two side collectors and the conical side walls 20, 21, and the wall portion 32 and the bracket surfaces 23; It is only necessary to place a sealing insert between the upper edge of the heat exchanger 24 and the lid 15 or one of the connecting wall portions,

The upstream front wall 30 of the plastic trough 11 has a rather large pointed apex of 0C = 80 ° to the base surface 12. The front wall 30 is preferably provided with rectangular collapsible openings provided with '34 connections for the fan 35. The connections 34 may be in the form of holes, pop-over pins, quick-release pins or the like. Suitable connection portions are provided on the discharge port 36 of the fan 35. In the embodiment shown, the fan 35 is a double-inlet radial fan and preferably two double-inlet radial fan 35. The air inlets 33 are so spaced from the base surface 12 that the normal projection of the discharge port 36 on the inlet side 26 of the heat exchanger 24 is shifted toward the base surface 12. This means that the outlet port 26 of the discharge nozzle 36 is asymmetrically directed to the inlet side 26 of the ram 24 and thus the accelerated air flow in the bottom region 19 is uniformly introduced into the heat exchanger 24. The position of the inlet side 26 of the heat exchanger 24 is thus adapted to the velocity profile and the ribs of the ribbed tubes of the heat exchanger 24 reduce the secondary swirl and thus provide a laminar flow of passing air.

At the outlet side 27 of the heat exchanger 24, the downstream rear wall 31 and a corresponding portion of the base surface 12 form a space 29 and 17? légkiömlőnyilásokkal. The front wall 33 is just as long as the remainder of the base surface 12 so that the prism mold space 29 is delimited by elements of equal roof in the roof. With air outlets 17 and 37. The front wall 31 is just as long as the remainder of the base surface 12 so that the prism shape space 29 is bordered by equilateral elements. The air outlet openings 17 and 37 are loaded with essentially the same flow rate and substantially rectangular flow rates. The triangular regions of the rectangular front wall 31 and the side walls 20, 21, together with the plastic trough 11, are closed but have puncture sites which always allow the air outlet apertures 37 to break through. These may or may be provided in the cover 15 as a variant of, or in addition to, the air outlet openings. At the same time, connection means 38 can be connected to the air outlet openings 37 in the form of pins, studs, slats, bushes or the like in the form of pipes or nozzles.

-4180201 by today. The air outlet openings 37 may be formed as circular piercings or rectangular holes,

Figure 3 illustrates the apparatus 10 when suitably positioned for underfloor heating of coaches. Connected to the upstream front wall 30 of the plastic trough 11 is a lattice lattice 39, which protects the fan 35 and keeps the piece of dirt away. The base surface 12 may remain open and the flange 13 directly on the? can be mounted on 40 floors of the bus cabin. The floor 40 has a break 42 in the region of the sidewalls 41 of the passenger compartment which leads to the channel 43. The channel 43 is preferably covered by an air deflector member 44. In the region of the central passage 45, through-holes 46 may be provided through which continuously circulated air flows from the passenger compartment into the luggage compartment and from there through the grate 39 to the fan 35. The recirculated air then changes its direction as it passes through the heat exchanger 24 and warms up. It is also possible to provide a channel 47 between the device 10 and the orifices 46.

Fig. 4 illustrates the apparatus 10 for heating the passenger compartment of buses and the driver's cab of trucks, construction machines or agricultural machinery associated with a front heater. The device 10 is then housed in a housing 48 located below the windshield 49, behind the front wall 50. The front wall 50 is provided with exhaust air inlets 51. The exhaust air can also be introduced into the unit 10 via the nozzles 52. In addition to the nozzles 52, nozzles 53 may also be used which may be connected to the air outlet openings 37 in the front wall 31 by means of suitable hoses 54. Hoses from the air outlet openings 37 in the sidewalls 20, 21 of the plastic trough 11 can lead to the right and left foot nozzles. ·

While in the embodiment of Fig. 4, the base surface 12 is completely closed by the lid 15, which can also be achieved by a closed housing wall, in the embodiment of Fig. 5, the lid 15 and the housing wall are provided with air outlets 17 can be directed towards the guide cable. The air outlet openings 17 can be closed from the inside by a simple swing damper 55 which is freely rotatable in the prism mold 29. Alternatively, the swinging flap 55 may alternately seal the air outlet openings 37 to the nozzle 53. Likewise, the air inlets 51 may be closed by a damper 56 mounted on the front wall 5θ. In this way, the circulation air can be controlled simultaneously.

Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 5, the cover 15 can be extended to the proximity of the floor 40, thereby closing the large inspection opening 57 of the housing 48. Such an opening may be advantageous if, as shown in Fig. 6, a damper case 58 is disposed in the lower part of the housing 48, which allows the supply of recirculated air and fresh air in precisely selected proportions by means of an adjustable hinge plate 59.

Figure 7 illustrates the use of the unit as a roof vent for the driver's cabin. An evaporator 60 of the air conditioner is located between the flap 58 and the unit 10. In addition, a ball nozzle 61 may be provided in the bottom 19 of the plastic trough 11 to allow the conductor to supply the desired amount of cooling air. The evaporator 60 dislocates the lat 62 c and is disposed of here. el *.

-5180201

Fig. 8 is a front view of the air conditioner of Fig. 7, where evaporator 60 is located below unit 10, while drip tray 62 is located below recirculated air inlets for fresh air. These arrowheads can be closed with swing valves,

As shown in Fig. 9, the apparatus 10 is located on the top of the driver's cab and has a maximum of one ball jet 61 in the lid 15 instead of the air outlets 17. This can alternately be configured to ventilate the windscreen 49 or the driver's seat. A downwardly opening filter 63 may be provided at the rear of the driver's cab.

Referring to FIG. 10, a flat rectangular swing damper 70 is rotatably mounted about an axis 71 in the inlet space 28 of the prism. The shaft 71 is guided in parallel bearing holes 72 formed in opposing side walls 20 and 21. The flap 70 is dimensioned to be freely rotatable between the two inwardly projecting slopes 22 and in front of the heat exchanger 24, but completely closes the fresh air inlets 69 and all air inlets 33.

The air outlet 17 formed in the lid 15 may be closed by a baffle 77 in this embodiment. The deflector flap 77 can be used to direct the outgoing air flow in the correct direction. Instead of a single air outlet, several air outlet vents or the like can be used.

The fresh air inlet 69 and each air inlet 33 are surrounded by an elastic sealing tape 73 having a rectangular cross-section and may be made of plastic foam or the like.

The swing damper 70 may be made of a drawn profile, such as aluminum, from which the shaft 71 may be directly formed. This stiffens the pivot damper 70 and also forms the pivot which can be guided in the bearing bores 72. The pivoting flap 70 faces in the direction of the air inlets 33 and is flush with the associated sealing strips 73. On the other side of the swing damper 70, a circumferential protruding sealing flange 74 is formed with a cylindrical surface which, in the stable closing position of the swing damper 70, is partially embedded in the sealing band 73 as shown in the drawing. The sealing flange 74 may be adjusted by the support member 75 with respect to the pivoting flap 70 such that it is at a greater distance from the pivoting bearing 70 in the region of the shaft 71 and the bearing bores 72 than the flange facing the bearing bores 71 72. The support member 75 is a continuous, flow-sealed wall that ·? ] yet, the bent flanges of the 70 swing valves may form. In this way, a uniform sealing effect can be achieved over the entire circumference of the fresh air inlet 69, while the flap 70 can be stabilized by locating the shaft 71 and the bearing bores 72 at a sufficient distance from the bottom 19. Thus, the center of gravity of the swinging flap 70 inclined with respect to the flow direction lies between the sealing strip 73 and the shaft 71. The same stabilization effect can be achieved by tilting the bottom 19 either wholly or partially downstream, and by the possibility that the plastic trough 11 is suitably inclined.

A spring 76 may be disposed between sealing straps 73 positioned between two adjacent air inlets 33

-6180201 can be mounted on the front wall 30. A plurality of springs 76 may be used between two adjacent air inlets 35, or instead of the illustrated coil spring, a single leaf spring riveted to the front wall 50 may be used. The swinging of the spring 76 is dimensioned such that, when unloaded, as shown in the drawing, the swinging damper 70 is in a stable position. In this stable resting position, the fresh air inlet 69 and air inlets 33 are open, and the sum of the cross-sections of the air inlets 33 is less than the cross-section of the fresh air inlet 69.

Also, between the adjacent sealing strips 75 of two adjacent air inlets 33, the free flap 76 of the blade switch 80 may engage the contact blade 79 in the position shown, with the sensor and blade switch 80 mounted in the power circuit of the fan motors The fans 35 preferably have three switching stages which are optionally selectable and in which the fans 35 are operable when the swing damper 70 is in front of the fresh air inlet 69 in the stabilized closing position or is supported by the spring 76 in its stable position. When the pressure in the space 28 increases as a result of the tamping pressure, the swing damper 70 compresses the spring 76, engages with a free flap 78 and opens the flap switch 80, which interrupts the power supply to the fan 35. As a result, the pressure at the inlet openings 33 is gradually released and pressed against the sealing strips 75 of the air inlet openings 35 by the smooth surface of the swing damper 70. It is expedient to turn off the fans 35 when the tensile pressure performance exceeds the fan output by 10%.

Alternatively, a discontinuous circuit breaker 80 may be provided, which may also be located in one of the side walls 20 or 21 and controlled by a narrow side of the swing damper 70. Similarly, a breaker can be associated with one of the free ends of the shaft 71.

Although the invention has been described in connection with the highly advantageous plastic trough 11, it is also possible to omit it and the swing valve 70. directly embedded in the front wall 50 behind the air intake openings 51. The air intake openings 33 may then be located within an intermediate wall which may be inserted between the front wall 50 and the cover 15 or a suitable body portion. Between these two parallel walls, a heat exchanger 24 may be disposed.

Claims (21)

1. Apparatus for heating and ventilating driver's cabs, passenger compartments, or the like on vehicles comprising a housing having an open base surface, a fan, heat exchanger, air inlet and outlet openings therebetween, and the air inlet opening of the fan, housing made of one piece plastic trough (11) formed with openings converging from the open base surface (12) to the bottom (19) / 30, 31 / and sidewalls (20, 21) and upstream front wall (30) to the air inlets / 35 / includes buckle for fan / 35 / -7180201 with flats / 34 / and base base / 12 / fits in; to support the opposite sides of the opposite sides / 20, 21 / in the side direction of the heat exchanger / 24 / inlet side / 26 / with projection brackets (23) which are inclined at an acute angle to the base surface / 12 / and this half is in the downstream direction lying front wall / 30 / angles / dU, and finally the heat exchanger / 24 / at the outlet side /2.!/ the downstream rear wall / 31 / and the base surface / 12 / form a prism mold space with air vents 29 717, 37 /. An embodiment of the device according to claim 1, characterized in that the air intake openings (33) in the downstream front wall (30) are at a distance from the base surface (12) that the pressure port (36)? its normal projection is offset in the direction of the heat exchanger / 24 / inlet side / 26 / towards the base surface / 12 /. 3 An embodiment of the device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the open base surface / 12 / is enclosed by a circumferential flange / 13 / which is secured to the device / 10 / by means of fasteners, cover / 15 /, deflectors or the like. provided. An embodiment of the apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of incidence between the upstream front wall (30) and the base surface (12) is / 0 (/ 80 °). An embodiment of the apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the console surfaces are inclined at an angle of 42 ° to the base surface / 23/12. 6. An embodiment of the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the heat exchanger / 24 / collectors have a bump attached to the side walls / 20, 21 / and are located near the water connection terminals / 25 / on the base surface / 12 /. 7. Apparatus for heating and / or ventilating driver's cabs, passenger compartments or the like on vehicles such as buses, with a fan for the supply of fresh air and possibly recirculated air, and at least one forward-facing inlet for the fresh air, is mounted on a freely adjustable bed loaded with a throttle barrel and associated with at least one fan control sensor ·, optionally having a heat exchanger and air outlet openings to the interior of the vehicle, characterized in that the swing damper / 70 / horizontal axis / 71 / rotated around the fresh air inlet / 69 / and the fan / 357 outlet / 367 air inlet / 33 /, the sensor / 35 / outlet / 36 / air inlet / 33 / sensor / 80 / spring / 76 / arranged to hold the swing damper / 70 / in the air inlet / 33 / in a stable rest position and between the sensor / 80 / in the stable rest position and the fan / 35 / discharge port / 36 / air inlet / 33 /. 8. Apparatus for heating and / or ventilating driver's cabs, passenger compartments or the like on vehicles such as buses, with a fan for the supply of fresh air and, if applicable, recirculated air, and at least one opening facing the direction of travel, -8180201 is provided with a freely adjustable bed, which is freely adjustable while under load, with at least one fan control sensor, optionally having a heat exchanger and air inlets to the interior of the vehicle, characterized in that housing formed as a standing plastic trough (11) with open base surfaces (12) and front walls converging to the bottom (19) / 30. 3V and formed with sidewalls 20, 21, and in the downstream front wall 30 for at least one air inlet 33 for the fan 35 for the discharge port 36 and for the wall 30 for the base surface 12 for an acute angle ΛΚ / close; having inwardly projecting bracket surfaces / 23 / for facing the opposite side walls / 20, 21 / inlet side / 26 / of the heat exchanger / 24 /, which form an acute angle with the base surface / 12 / and a forward facing wall / 30 / half of its apex; the heat exchanger / 24 / outlet side / 27 / the downstream rear wall / 31 / and the base surface / 12 / form a prismatic space of the same stem length / 29 / with air outlet openings / 17, 37 / and a fresh air inlet opening at the bottom / 69 / is formed and is rotatable about the damper / 70 / shaft / 71 / between the fresh air inlet / 69 / and the sensor / 35 / inlet port / 36 / air inlet / 33 / and in the range of the air intake / 33 / 80 / and a spring / 76 / is provided which maintains the swing damper / 70 / in a stable rest position above the air inlet / 33 / and is positioned between the sensor / 80 / a stable rest position and the air inlet / 33 /. An embodiment of the apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the fresh air inlet (69) has a larger cross section than the sum of the fan (35) discharge port (36) air inlets (33). 10. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the swinging damper (70) is arranged in a closed position stabilized against the fresh air inlet (69). The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the fresh air inlet (69) is angled in the direction of flow starting from the bearing bores (72) and the shaft (71) of the swing damper (70). Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the fresh air inlet / 69 / is vertical and the swing valve / 70 / bearing / 71, 72 / away from the wall or bottom / 12 / containing the fresh air inlet / 69 / is placed. 13. A 7-12. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is surrounded by a fresh air inlet (69) and a fan (35) discharge port (36) air outlet (33) with an elastic sealing tape (73). 14. A 10-13. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the surface of the swing damper / 70 / facing the fresh air inlet / 09 / has a circumferential protruding sealing flange / 74 / with a cylindrical surface which is part of the swing damper / 70 / / 73 / is embedded. An embodiment of the apparatus of claim 14, -9180201 characterized in that the sealing flange / 74 / the bearing / 71 of the pivoting flap / 70 /. 72 / is greater than that of the flange facing the bearing (71, 72). 16. An embodiment of the apparatus of claim 13, wherein the swinging damper 70 has a slanting surface in the direction of the air intake opening / 33 of the fan / 35 / discharge port / 36. 17. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the swing damper / 70 / is made of a drawn profile, preferably of aluminum. 18. Figures 7-17. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one spring (76) is disposed in the region of the fan (35 / nyc) outlet (36) into the air inlet (33) which holds the swing damper (70) in a stable rest position inlet / 69 / and air inlet / 33 / are open, 19. An embodiment of the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sensor (80 / indirectly) is configured as a blade-controlled switch (70). 20. A 7-16. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the swinging damper (70) is made of aluminum or a sheet of steel with a shield. 21. A 7-16. An embodiment of the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the swing damper (70) is formed as an injection molded plastic part.