HRP980564A2 - Fire extinguishing system using hovercrafts - Google Patents
Fire extinguishing system using hovercrafts Download PDFInfo
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- HRP980564A2 HRP980564A2 HR980564A HRP980564A HRP980564A2 HR P980564 A2 HRP980564 A2 HR P980564A2 HR 980564 A HR980564 A HR 980564A HR P980564 A HRP980564 A HR P980564A HR P980564 A2 HRP980564 A2 HR P980564A2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
- A62C3/0228—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires with delivery of fire extinguishing material by air or aircraft
- A62C3/0242—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires with delivery of fire extinguishing material by air or aircraft by spraying extinguishants from the aircraft
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Description
Područje tehnike The field of technology
Izum se odnosi na metode, opremu i pribor za gašenje velikih, posebno šumskih požara i drugih požara koji ugrožavaju ljudska dobra koja su udaljena od vode, upotrebom zračnih lebdjelica (helikopteri, zrakoplovi za vertikalno uzlijetanje i zračni baloni). The invention relates to methods, equipment and accessories for extinguishing large, especially forest fires and other fires that threaten human property that are far from water, using aerial vehicles (helicopters, vertical take-off aircraft and hot air balloons).
Prema Međunarodnoj klasifikaciji patenata (MKP) izum pripada području A, potpodručju A 62 - zaštita od požara, razred A 62 C, odnosno području B, potpodručju B 64 - letjelice i B 64 C - zrakoplovi i helikopteri. According to the International Patent Classification (IPC), the invention belongs to area A, subarea A 62 - fire protection, class A 62 C, or area B, subarea B 64 - aircraft and B 64 C - airplanes and helicopters.
Tehnički problem Technical problem
Problem gašenja velikih požara, posebno šumskih, je u tome što se na požarište, postojećom opremom za gašenje, doprema mala količina vode, obično iz velike udaljenosti; takva je doprema vode spora i često nedostatna, pa su rezultati gašenja vrlo otežani i dugotrajni. Ovo posebno dolazi do izražaja ako su požarom zahvaćena nepristupačna područja. The problem of extinguishing large fires, especially forest fires, is that a small amount of water, usually from a long distance, is delivered to the fire site with the existing extinguishing equipment; such water delivery is slow and often insufficient, so the extinguishing results are very difficult and long-lasting. This is particularly evident if inaccessible areas are affected by the fire.
Stanje tehnike State of the art
Postojeća tehnologija gašenja šumskih i drugih požara bazirana je uglavnom na autocisternama. Mjesni i regionalni vodovodi su bez hidranta za gašenje požara ili su rijetki, zbog čega se mora koristiti veliki broj autocisterni s pumpama i ostalom potrebnom opremom. U novije vrijeme gašenje velikih požara, naročito šumskih, temelji se na helikopterima i protupožarnim zrakoplovima koji vodu nose u svojim spremnicima od mjesta zahvata do požarišta. Ovo je skupi način gašenja sa ograničenom količinom vode. The existing technology for extinguishing forest and other fires is based mainly on tanker trucks. Local and regional water supply systems do not have fire hydrants or are rare, which is why a large number of tanker trucks with pumps and other necessary equipment must be used. In recent times, the extinguishing of large fires, especially forest fires, is based on helicopters and fire-fighting aircraft that carry water in their tanks from the scene of the outbreak to the fire site. This is an expensive extinguishing method with a limited amount of water.
Bit izuma The essence of invention
Bit izuma je u tome da zračna lebdjelica u zraku nosi savitljivu cijev sa mlaznicom kroz koju neprekinuto protiče velika količina vode koja se izbacuje u vatru. Svrha sustava je u tome da se od mjesta zahvata vode do požarišta može dopremiti velika količina vode na veliku udaljenost u kratkom vremenu prenosnim vodovodom. Požar može gasiti više lebdjelica iz zraka istovremeno jer kopneni protupožarni podsustav stalno doprema veliku količinu vode. The essence of the invention is that the hovercraft carries a flexible tube with a nozzle in the air, through which a large amount of water flows continuously and is thrown into the fire. The purpose of the system is that a large amount of water can be delivered over a long distance from the point of water intake to the fire area in a short time by means of a portable water system. A fire can be extinguished by several hovercraft from the air at the same time because the ground fire fighting subsystem constantly supplies a large amount of water.
Opis slika Description of images
Slika 1. prikazuje shematski prikaz sustava za gašenje požara zračnim lebdjelicama - helikopterima Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the system for extinguishing fires with aerial hovercraft - helicopters
Slika 2. prikazuje pontonsku niskotlačnu crpnu postaju Figure 2 shows a pontoon low-pressure pumping station
Slika 3. prikazuje kopnenu niskotlačnu pumpnu postaju Figure 3 shows an onshore low-pressure pumping station
Slika 4. prikazuje zračnu lebdjelicu – helikopter Figure 4 shows an aerial vehicle - a helicopter
Slika 5. prikazuje zračnu lebdjelicu - zrakoplov za okomito uzlijetanje Figure 5 shows a hovercraft - an aircraft for vertical take-off
Slika 6. prikazuje zračnu lebdjelicu - zračni balon Figure 6 shows an airship - a hot air balloon
Slika 7. prikazuje visokotlačnu savitljivu cijev Figure 7 shows a high-pressure flexible pipe
Slika 8. prikazuje shematski prikaz gašenja požara na plovilima - helikopterom Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of fire extinguishing on vessels - by helicopter
Sustav za gašenje požara zračnim lebdjelicama prema ovom izumu, sastoji se iz dva podsustava i to: The system for extinguishing fires with hovercraft according to this invention consists of two subsystems, namely:
- kopneni protupožarni podsustav - ground fire fighting subsystem
- zračni protupožarni podsustav. - aerial fire fighting subsystem.
Kopneni protupožarni podsustav obuhvaća: The ground fire fighting subsystem includes:
- pontonsku niskotlačnu crpnu postaju - pontoon low-pressure pumping station
- kopnene niskotlačne pumpne postaje - terrestrial low-pressure pumping stations
- niskotlačne savitljive cijevi - low-pressure flexible pipes
- cijevnu razdjelnu račvu - tubular distribution fork
- zaporne leptir ventile - shut-off butterfly valves
- niskotlačne savitljive usisne cijevi - low-pressure flexible suction pipes
- kopnene visokotlačne pumpne postaje - terrestrial high-pressure pumping stations
- visokotlačne savitljive cijevi. - high-pressure flexible pipes.
Zračni protupožarni podsustav obuhvaća: The aerial fire fighting subsystem includes:
- zračnu lebdjelicu (helikopter, zračni balon, zrakoplov za okomito uzlijetanje) - hovercraft (helicopter, air balloon, vertical take-off aircraft)
- visokotlačnu pumpnu postaju u lebdjelici - high-pressure pumping station in the hovercraft
- mlaznice za izbacivanje vode - nozzles for ejecting water
- sigurnosne automatske mehaničke cijevne spojke s manjom silom odvajanja - safety automatic mechanical pipe couplings with less separation force
- sigurnosne automatske mehaničke cijevne spojke s većom silom odvajanja - safety automatic mechanical pipe couplings with higher separation force
- sigurnosnu elektromagnetsku cijevnu spojku - safety electromagnetic pipe clutch
- visokotlačne savitljive cijevi. - high-pressure flexible pipes.
Kopnenim i zračnim protupožarnim podsustavom transportira se kontinuirano velika količina vode niskog odnosno visokog tlaka od mjesta zahvata (more, rijeka, jezero ili mjesni odnosno regionalni hidranti) do zračne lebdjelice u zraku (helikopteri, zrakoplovi za vertikalno uzlijetanje i zračni baloni). Pontonska crpna postaja đaci vodu kroz prenosni montažni vodovod za višekratnu upotrebu koji obuhvaća niskotlačne savitljive cijevi, kopnene niskotlačne pumpne postaje, cijevne razdjelne račve s zapornim leptir ventilima na koje su priključene kopnene visokotlačne pumpne postaje sa visokotlačnim savitljivim cijevima na kopnu. Na ove cijevi spajaju se visokotlačne savitljive cijevi iz zračnog protupožarnog podsustava koje vise ispod zračnih lebdjelica kroz koje voda pod velikim tlakom dolazi do visokotlačne pumpne postaje u lebdjelici. The land and air fire fighting subsystem continuously transports a large amount of low- and high-pressure water from the catchment point (sea, river, lake or local or regional hydrants) to the hovercraft in the air (helicopters, vertical take-off aircraft and hot air balloons). The pontoon pumping station draws water through a portable prefabricated water supply system for multiple use, which includes low-pressure flexible pipes, land-based low-pressure pumping stations, pipe distribution forks with shut-off butterfly valves to which land-based high-pressure pumping stations with high-pressure flexible pipes on land are connected. These pipes are connected to high-pressure flexible pipes from the aerial fire fighting subsystem that hang below the hovercraft, through which water under high pressure reaches the high-pressure pump station in the hovercraft.
Vatra se gasi vodom iz mlaznice ugrađene ispod trupa lebdjelice na način da se lebdjelica podigne iznad zemlje, zajedno sa savitljivom cijevi kroz koju dolazi voda pod velikim tlakom. Lebdjelica pri tome lebdi u zraku, a pilot vještim upravljanjem lebdjelicom usmjerava vodeni mlaz u središte plamena velikom količinom vode. The fire is extinguished with water from a nozzle installed under the fuselage of the hovercraft in such a way as to raise the hovercraft above the ground, together with a flexible pipe through which water comes under high pressure. At the same time, the hovercraft floats in the air, and the pilot skillfully manages the hovercraft to direct the water jet into the center of the flame with a large amount of water.
Sve niskotlačne i visokotlačne pumpne postaje su autonomne i automatizirane. All low-pressure and high-pressure pumping stations are autonomous and automated.
Sigurni rad lebdjelice omogućavaju mehaničke i elektromagnetne cijevne spojke koje se ugrađuju u visokotlačne savitljive cijevi kojima je lebdjelica povezana sa viskotlačnom pumpnom postajom na kopnu. U slučaju nužde ove cijevne spojke omogućavaju automatsko odvajanje lebdjelice od visokotlačne savitljive cijevi na kopnu ili u zraku. The safe operation of the hovercraft is made possible by mechanical and electromagnetic pipe couplings that are installed in the high-pressure flexible pipes that connect the hovercraft to the visco-pressure pumping station on land. In case of emergency, these pipe couplings enable automatic separation of the hovercraft from the high-pressure flexible pipe on land or in the air.
Opis načina ostvarivanja izuma Description of the method of realization of the invention
Priprema sustava za gašenje požara zračnim lebdjelicama, prema sl. 1., izvodi se tako da se najprije položi kopneni protupožarni podsustav, sastavljen od prenosivog montažnog vodovoda za višekratnu upotrebu. Zračnom lebdjelicom - helikopterom 80, dopremi se i postavi na površinu mora, rijeke ili jezera 26, autonomna pontonska crpna postaja 20, sl. 2., koja se u točkama 23 i 27 bitvama priveže za obalu. Ponton ima trup 21, postolje 22, usisnu košaru 25, kroz koju crpi vodu, i niskotlačnu pumpnu postaju 30. Ponton ima hvatište za prijenos pontona 24. Oprema kopnenog podsustava postavlja se vozilima uz prometnice, a lebdjelicama po terenu bez prometnica. The preparation of the fire extinguishing system with aerial hovercraft, according to Fig. 1, is carried out by first laying the land-based fire fighting subsystem, composed of portable prefabricated water pipes for multiple use. An autonomous pontoon pumping station 20, Fig. 2, is delivered and placed on the surface of the sea, river or lake 26 by a hovercraft - helicopter 80, which is tied to the shore at points 23 and 27 with cleats. The pontoon has a hull 21, a base 22, a suction basket 25, through which it draws water, and a low-pressure pumping station 30. The pontoon has a handle for transferring the pontoon 24. The equipment of the land subsystem is installed by vehicles along roads, and by hovercraft on terrain without roads.
Ukoliko mjesni ili regionalni vodovodi imaju ugrađene hidrante 28, onda se na taj izvor vode priključi kopneni protupožarni podsustav. If local or regional water supply systems have installed hydrants 28, then the terrestrial fire protection subsystem is connected to that water source.
Nakon toga postavlja se u nizu toliko autonomnih kopnenih niskotlačnih pumpnih postaja 30 koliko je potrebno da se voda dovede što bliže opožarenom području. Kopnene niskotlačne pumpne postaje 30, sl. 3., imaju kućište 31, dvostruko dno 32, gumenu podlošku 33, pogonski motor 35, elektromagnetnu osovinsku spojku 36 koja omogućava da voda stalno prolazi kroz niskotlačnu pumpu 37, bez obzira da li pogonski motor radi ili miruje. Pumpa 37 ima na ulaznoj strani ventil 38, a na izlazno] ventil 39. U kućištu je smješten rezervoar goriva 40, akumulator 41 i upravljačka jedinica 42. Na gornjoj strani kućišta su transportna hvatišta. After that, as many autonomous terrestrial low-pressure pumping stations 30 are installed in a row as necessary to bring water as close as possible to the burned area. Onshore low-pressure pumping stations 30, Fig. 3, have a housing 31, a double bottom 32, a rubber washer 33, a drive motor 35, an electromagnetic shaft coupling 36 that allows water to constantly pass through the low-pressure pump 37, regardless of whether the drive motor is running or not. is at rest. The pump 37 has a valve 38 on the inlet side, and a valve 39 on the outlet side. The housing houses the fuel tank 40, the accumulator 41 and the control unit 42. On the upper side of the housing there are transport grips.
Nakon toga, pontonsku crpnu postaju 20 povežemo sa prvom u nizu kopnenom niskotlačnom pumpnom postajom 30 pomoću savitljive cijevi 50 tako da se cijevima spoji izlazni ventil 39 na pontonskoj postaji na ulazni ventil 38 na kopnenoj niskotlačnoj pumpnoj postaji 30. Na isti način savitljivim cijevima međusobno povežemo sve kopnene niskotlačne pumpne postaje 30. Na kraju niskotlačne savitljive cijevi, koja je spojena na izlazni ventil 39, zadnje kopnene niskotlačne pumpne postaje, postavimo cijevnu razdjelnu račvu 51, sl. 1., sa leptir ventilima 52, koji omogućavaju priključivanje više zračnih lebdjelica odjednom. After that, we connect the pontoon pumping station 20 to the first in a row land-based low-pressure pumping station 30 using a flexible pipe 50 so that the outlet valve 39 on the pontoon station is connected to the inlet valve 38 on the land-based low-pressure pumping station 30. In the same way, we connect each other with flexible pipes all land-based low-pressure pumping stations 30. At the end of the low-pressure flexible pipe, which is connected to the outlet valve 39, of the last land-based low-pressure pumping station, we place the pipe distribution fork 51, Fig. 1, with butterfly valves 52, which enable the connection of several hovercrafts at once .
Na leptir ventil 52 priključujemo i dalje niskotlačne savitljive usisne cijevi 50 koje odvode vodu do kopnenih visokotlačnih pumpnih postaja 60. Na izlazu visokotlačne pumpne postaje spajamo visokotlačne savitljive cijevi 62 koje se nalaze na kopnu i na koje se priključuju visokotlačne savitljive cijevi 70 ovješene ispod svake zračne lebdjelice. To the butterfly valve 52, we continue to connect low-pressure flexible suction pipes 50 that drain water to land-based high-pressure pumping stations 60. At the exit of the high-pressure pumping station, we connect high-pressure flexible pipes 62 located on land and to which high-pressure flexible pipes 70 suspended below each air hovercraft.
Na isti način može se na visokotlačnu pumpnu postaju 60 priključiti cijev sa mlaznicom 53 za direktno gašenje požara sa kopna. In the same way, a pipe with a nozzle 53 can be connected to the high-pressure pumping station 60 for direct fire extinguishing from land.
Visokotlačna savitljiva cijev 70, prema sl. 7., izrađena je tako da se, zbog povećanja nosivosti, po cijeloj dužini vanjskog plašta cijevi 70 prostiru dva savitljiva užeta od čvrstih vlakana 71. Po obodu, cijelom dužinom cijevi, na određenom razmaku, savitljivo uže 71 pridržavaju poprečne obujmice 72. Na krajevima savitljivih cijevi, čija se dužina određuje prema potrebi, učvršćene su standardne vatrogasne brzorastavljive cijevne spojke 73. Na isti način izvedena je visokotlačna savitljiva cijev 62 sa slike 1. The high-pressure flexible pipe 70, according to Fig. 7, is made in such a way that, in order to increase the load capacity, two flexible ropes made of solid fibers 71 are spread over the entire length of the outer jacket of the pipe 70. Around the perimeter, along the entire length of the pipe, at a certain distance, a flexible rope 71 are held by transverse clamps 72. At the ends of the flexible pipes, the length of which is determined as needed, standard fire-fighting quick-detachable pipe couplings 73 are fixed. In the same way, the high-pressure flexible pipe 62 from Figure 1 was made.
Istovremeno sa postavljanjem kopnenog protupožarnog podsustava vrše se pripreme za montiranje zračnog protupožarnog sustava i to tako da se već na uzletištu, na zračnu lebdjelicu - helikopter 80, zrakoplov za vertikalno uzlijetanje 90 ili zračni balon 95, pričvrsti visokotlačna savitljiva cijev 70, koja se spaja na usis u visokotlačnu pumpnu 81 u lebdjelici, sl. 4. Prije spajanja visokotlačne savitljive cijevi 70 na zračnu lebdjelicu, na jednom i drugom kraju savitljive cijevi ugradimo sigurnosne cijevne spojke. Na donjem kraju cijevi 70 montiramo sigurnosnu automatsku mehaničku cijevnu spojku s manjom silom odvajanja 74. Na gornjem kraju cijevi, montiramo sigurnosnu automatsku mehaničku cijevnu spojku s većom silom odvajanja 76, a na samom donjem kraju pričvrstimo i sigurnosnu elektromagnetnu cijevnu spojku 78. Visokotlačne savitljive cijevi 70, dužine prema potrebi, sa ugrađenim sigurnosnim cijevnim spojkama, vise u tijeku leta ispod zračnih lebdjelica, sl. 1. Kad zračna lebdjelica dođe do mjesta požara, savitljiva cijev 70, koja visi ispod lebdjelice, spaja se na visokotlačnu savitljivu cijev na kopnu 62. Na prikladnom mjestu ispod trupa zračnih lebdjelica ugrađene su vodene mlaznice 83, preko izlaza za vodu 84, sl. 4. Na ovaj način izvršili smo spajanje protupožarnih podsustava i gašenje požara može početi. Simultaneously with the installation of the land-based fire-fighting subsystem, preparations are made for the installation of the aerial fire-fighting system, by attaching a high-pressure flexible pipe 70, which is connected to suction into the high-pressure pump 81 in the hovercraft, Fig. 4. Before connecting the high-pressure flexible tube 70 to the hovercraft, install safety pipe couplings at one and the other end of the flexible tube. At the lower end of the pipe 70, we mount a safety automatic mechanical pipe coupling with a smaller separation force 74. At the upper end of the pipe, we mount a safety automatic mechanical pipe coupling with a higher separation force 76, and at the very bottom end we attach a safety electromagnetic pipe coupling 78. High-pressure flexible pipes 70, lengths as needed, with built-in safety pipe couplings, hang in flight under the hovercraft, Fig. 1. When the hovercraft reaches the fire site, the flexible pipe 70, which hangs under the hovercraft, is connected to the high-pressure flexible pipe on land 62 Water nozzles 83 are installed in a suitable place under the fuselage of the hovercraft, over the water outlet 84, Fig. 4. In this way, we connected the fire fighting subsystems and extinguishing the fire can begin.
Kad su pripremljena oba protupožarna podsustava, prema sl. 1., gašenje požara odvija se automatski. Kopnena niskotlačna pumpna postaja 30, smještena u pontonu 20, slika 2., crpi vodu iz mora, jezera ili rijeke 26, tlači je kroz niskotlačne savitljive cijevi 50 do prve kopnene niskotlačne pumpne postaje 30, i dalje kroz savitljive cijevi do druge pumpne postaje, itd. Nakon zadnje niskotlačne pumpne postaje postavljena je cijevna razdjelna račva 51, na koju se preko zapornih leptir ventila 52 spajaju niskotlačne savitljive cijevi koje vode do kopnenih visokotlačnih pumpnih postaja 60 na koju su pričvršćene visokotlačne savitljive cijevi na kopnu 62. Na ove cijevi spajaju se visokotlačne savitljive cijevi 70 koje su ovješene ispod zračnih lebdjelica 80, sl. 4., na zrakoplovu za vertikalno uzlijetanje 90, sl. 5. ili u zračnom balonu 96, sl. 6. Tako voda dolazi do visokotlačne pumpe 81 u zračnoj lebdjelici, slika 1. i 4., koja tu vodu, kroz visokotlačnu cijev 82 pod velikim đakom, tjera kroz vodenu mlaznicu 83 i raspršuje vodeni mlaz po opožarenom području. When both fire fighting subsystems are prepared, according to Fig. 1, fire extinguishing takes place automatically. The land low-pressure pumping station 30, located in the pontoon 20, Figure 2, draws water from the sea, lake or river 26, presses it through the low-pressure flexible pipes 50 to the first land low-pressure pumping station 30, and further through the flexible pipes to the second pumping station, etc. After the last low-pressure pumping station, a pipe distribution fork 51 is placed, to which the low-pressure flexible pipes leading to the onshore high-pressure pumping station 60 are connected via butterfly valves 52, to which the high-pressure flexible pipes on land 62 are attached. These pipes are connected high-pressure flexible pipes 70 that are suspended under the hovercraft 80, Fig. 4, on the vertical take-off aircraft 90, Fig. 5, or in the hot air balloon 96, Fig. 6. Thus the water reaches the high-pressure pump 81 in the hovercraft, Fig. 1. and 4., which forces that water, through a high-pressure pipe 82 under a large nozzle, through a water nozzle 83 and sprays the water jet over the burned area.
Zračni protupožarni podsustav omogućava gašenje požara i na plovilima, sl. 8. Lebdjelica nosi autonomnu pontonsku crpnu postaju 20 koju spušta na vodu u blizini plovila na kojemu je požar. U tu svrhu pontonska crpna postaja 20, ovješena je o ojačanu savitljivu cijev 70 koja visi iz zračne lebdjelice - helikoptera 80, odnosno zrakoplovom za vertikalno uzlijetanje ili zračnog balona. Visokotlačna pumpa 81 u lebdjelici tjera vodu pod velikim đakom kroz visokotlačnu cijev 82 i vodenu mlaznicu 83 prema mjestu požara na plovilu 100. The aerial fire fighting subsystem enables fire extinguishing on vessels as well, Fig. 8. The hovercraft carries an autonomous pontoon pumping station 20, which it lowers onto the water near the vessel where the fire is. For this purpose, the pontoon pumping station 20 is suspended from a reinforced flexible tube 70 that hangs from an aerial hovercraft - a helicopter 80, that is, an aircraft for vertical take-off or a hot air balloon. The high-pressure pump 81 in the hovercraft drives water under a large jet through the high-pressure pipe 82 and the water nozzle 83 towards the fire location on the vessel 100.
Ugradnjom automatskih sigurnosnih mehaničkih i elektromagnetnih cijevnih spojki postignuta je apsolutna sigurnost u radu zračnih lebdjelica i otklonjena opasnost po život pilota. Ako iz bilo kojih razloga, dođe do prekomjernog naprezanja visokotlačne savitljive cijevi 70, sigurnosna automatska mehanička spojka, sa manjom silom odvajanja 74, odvojit će cijev 70 od viskotlačne savitljive cijevi na kopnu 62. Nakon toga iz savitljivih cijevi 70 istječe voda i zračna lebdjelica se može slobodno kretati u željenom smjeru bez opasnosti. Ako pak ne dođe do automatskog odvajanja spojke 74, doći će, uslijed porasta sile naprezanja savitljive cijevi 70, do automatskog odvajanja sigurnosne mehaničke cijevne spojke s većom silom odvajanja 76. U tom slučaju visokotlačna savitljiva cijev 70 pada, zajedno sa vodom, na kopno i zračna lebdjelica je slobodna. Međutim, ako se ne aktiviraju obje automatske mehaničke spojke 74 i 76, pilot može sam aktivirati sigurnosnu elektromagnetnu cijevnu spojku 78, tako što će prekinuti dovod struje u elektromagnete. Na ovaj način omogućeno je sigurno prekidanje veze između visokotlačne savitljive cijevi 70 i zračne lebdjelice, kojom nakon toga pilot dalje upravlja prema želji, bez opasnosti po život. By installing automatic safety mechanical and electromagnetic pipe couplings, absolute safety in the operation of hovercraft was achieved and the danger to the pilot's life was eliminated. If, for any reason, the high-pressure flexible pipe 70 becomes excessively stressed, the safety automatic mechanical clutch, with a lower separation force 74, will separate the pipe 70 from the high-pressure flexible pipe on land 62. After that, water flows out of the flexible pipes 70 and the hovercraft can move freely in the desired direction without danger. If, on the other hand, automatic separation of the coupling 74 does not occur, due to the increase in the stress force of the flexible pipe 70, there will be an automatic separation of the safety mechanical pipe coupling with a greater separation force 76. In this case, the high-pressure flexible pipe 70 falls, together with the water, to the land and the hovercraft is free. However, if both automatic mechanical clutches 74 and 76 are not activated, the pilot can activate the safety electromagnetic tube clutch 78 himself, by cutting off the current supply to the electromagnets. In this way, it is possible to safely break the connection between the high-pressure flexible pipe 70 and the hovercraft, which the pilot then controls as desired, without risking life.
Ako je prolaz vode kroz jednu od bilo kojih pumpnih postaja, do izlaza iz mlaznice na lebdjelici, zapriječen iz bilo kojeg razloga, automatski će se isključiti struja magnetizacije osovinske elektromagnetne spojke 36, pa će se pumpe zaustaviti, a voda može proteći i u suprotnom smjeru. If the passage of water through one of the pumping stations, to the exit from the nozzle on the hovercraft, is obstructed for any reason, the magnetizing current of the shaft electromagnetic clutch 36 will be automatically turned off, so the pumps will stop, and the water can flow in the opposite direction.
Automatsko upravljanje vrši se daljinskim uređajima koji se nalaze na kopnu ili u zapovjednoj zračnoj lebdjelici. Automatic control is carried out by remote devices located on land or in the command hovercraft.
Dopremanje niskotlačnih savitljivih cijevi na mjesto upotrebe vrši se na bubnjevima koji imaju ugrađene centrifugalne kočnice i elektromotore za automatsko namatanje cijevi. Ovisno od konfiguracije terena, doprema bubnjeva obavlja se helikopterima ili terenskim vozilima. Savitljive cijevi su na krajevima opremljene standardnim vatrogasnim brzorastavljivim cijevnim spojnicama. Mogu biti namotane na posebne bubnjeve, složene u kontejnerima ili se mogu prenositi u snopovima. Time je omogućen jednostavan prijenos, skidanje i ponovo namatanje cijevi. Delivery of low-pressure flexible pipes to the place of use is done on drums that have built-in centrifugal brakes and electric motors for automatic pipe winding. Depending on the configuration of the terrain, the drums are delivered by helicopters or off-road vehicles. Flexible pipes are equipped at the ends with standard fire-fighting quick-detachable pipe connectors. They can be wound on special drums, stacked in containers or transported in bundles. This enables easy transfer, removal and re-winding of the tube.
Na sličan način pripremaju se i visokotlačne savitljive cijevi na čijim krajevima se, pored standardnih vatrogasnih cijevnih spojnica, ugrade sigurnosne mehaničke i elektromagnetne spojke. Tako pripremljene cijevi određenih dužina skladište se na uzletištima za zračne lebdjelice. Prije polijetanja na mjesto požara, tako pripremljene savitljive cijevi spoje se ispod lebdjelice i tako ovješene dopremaju se i spajaju na visokotlačnu savitljivu cijev na kopnu. In a similar way, high-pressure flexible pipes are prepared at the ends of which, in addition to standard fire-fighting pipe fittings, safety mechanical and electromagnetic fittings are installed. Pipes prepared in this way of certain lengths are stored at airstrips for hovercraft. Before taking off to the scene of the fire, the flexible pipes prepared in this way are connected under the hovercraft and thus suspended, they are delivered and connected to the high-pressure flexible pipe on land.
Primjena izuma Application of the invention
Sustav za gašenje požara zračnim lebdjelicama predstavlja novo rješenje za gašenje velikih, naročito šumskih požara, kako na kopnu tako i na vodi. The hovercraft fire extinguishing system is a new solution for extinguishing large, especially forest fires, both on land and on water.
Sustav omogućava blagovremenu pripremu svih dijelova i sklopova oba podsustava, čime se omogućava brže djelovanje i gašenje vatre velikom količinom vode, naročito na nepristupačnim područjima, što je od primarnog značaja za uspjeh akcije. The system enables the timely preparation of all parts and assemblies of both subsystems, which enables faster action and fire extinguishing with a large amount of water, especially in inaccessible areas, which is of primary importance for the success of the operation.
Stručnjacima će biti očigledno da bi se mogle načiniti i druge preinake i promjene na sastavnim dijelovima ovog sustava, bez napuštanja opsega i duha izuma. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other modifications and changes could be made to the components of this system without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
Sustav za gašenje požara, zračnim lebdjelicama iz zraka, priključen na prijenosni kopneni protupožarni podsustav, dobavlja velike količine vode na velike udaljenosti. Ovaj sustav se upotrebljava osim za gašenje velikih požara i za obranu od drugih elementarnih katastrofa, kada država mora intervenirati na najbolji i najbrži mogući način da: An aerial hovercraft fire extinguishing system connected to a portable land-based firefighting subsystem delivers large volumes of water over long distances. This system is used except for extinguishing large fires and for defense against other natural disasters, when the state must intervene in the best and fastest possible way to:
- dopremi veliku količinu vode za navodnjavanje poljoprivrednog zemljišta u regijama pogođenim sušom; - supplies a large amount of water for irrigation of agricultural land in regions affected by drought;
- dopremi vodu s kopna na otoke, pa i one udaljene, ako ostanu bez vode zbog kvara na podmorskim instalacijama; - deliver water from the mainland to the islands, even remote ones, if they run out of water due to a malfunction in the submarine installations;
- kao zamjenski vodovod u nuždi gdje je glavni vodovod uništen elementarnom nepogodom ili ratnom operacijom; - as a replacement water supply system in an emergency where the main water supply system is destroyed by natural disasters or war operations;
- kao privremeni vodovod do završetka nove instalacije; - as a temporary water supply until the completion of the new installation;
- za evakuaciju vode kod poplava; - for the evacuation of water during floods;
- za transport drugih fluida čija viskoznost omogućava lak protok. - for transporting other fluids whose viscosity enables easy flow.
Claims (14)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HR980564A HRP980564A2 (en) | 1998-10-26 | 1998-10-26 | Fire extinguishing system using hovercrafts |
| PCT/HR1999/000021 WO2000024472A1 (en) | 1998-10-26 | 1999-09-14 | Fire-fighting system utilising air-suspended aircraft |
| AU55277/99A AU5527799A (en) | 1998-10-26 | 1999-09-14 | Fire-fighting system utilising air-suspended aircraft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HR980564A HRP980564A2 (en) | 1998-10-26 | 1998-10-26 | Fire extinguishing system using hovercrafts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| HRP980564A2 true HRP980564A2 (en) | 2001-04-30 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| HR980564A HRP980564A2 (en) | 1998-10-26 | 1998-10-26 | Fire extinguishing system using hovercrafts |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU5527799A (en) |
| HR (1) | HRP980564A2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000024472A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10348199A1 (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2005-05-25 | Mrklas, Louis, Ing.(grad.) | Device for extinguishing fires on areas covered with vegetation, e.g. woods or meadows, comprises a fixed extinguishing agent line with sprinkler devices for spraying extinguishing agent onto the vegetation |
| BRPI0513022A (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2008-04-22 | Kidde Fire Fighting Inc | bomb system including host bombs and satellites |
| CA2765440C (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2015-07-14 | Aerial X Equipment | Aerial distribution system |
| KR101167145B1 (en) | 2009-09-16 | 2012-07-24 | 이우성 | System for prevention of fires using potential energy of water |
| GR1009161B (en) * | 2016-09-02 | 2017-11-10 | Αθανασιος Δημητριου Ζησοπουλος | Aerial duct adapted to a ground-based water cistern for carrying water at long distance for fire extinction and irrigation purposes |
| ES2659452B1 (en) * | 2016-09-15 | 2018-12-20 | Manuel Muñoz Saiz | Fire extinguishing system with bags or buckets of water transported with aircraft |
| JP6880973B2 (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2021-06-02 | 中国電力株式会社 | How to lay a hose |
| DE102017008721A1 (en) * | 2017-09-16 | 2019-03-21 | protectismundi GmbH | Method and device for skyscraper firefighting |
| CN113856098A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2021-12-31 | 中航通飞华南飞机工业有限公司 | Water drawing fire extinguishing system and method for large fire extinguishing amphibious aircraft |
| NO347419B1 (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-10-23 | Vest Aerotech AS | Mobile fire-fighting assembly |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3759330A (en) * | 1969-08-07 | 1973-09-18 | T Rainey | Fire extinguishing method |
| FR2420355A1 (en) * | 1978-03-21 | 1979-10-19 | Duperier Bernard | Fire fighting system for high rise building - uses water from main supply pumped to tank on board helicopter with high pressure pump discharging to nozzle |
| FR2617404A1 (en) * | 1987-06-30 | 1989-01-06 | Wieczorek Julien | Methods for using helicopters for fighting forest fires |
| US5135055A (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 1992-08-04 | Bisson Theodore J | Ground and airborne fire fighting system and method of fighting high rise building fires |
-
1998
- 1998-10-26 HR HR980564A patent/HRP980564A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1999
- 1999-09-14 AU AU55277/99A patent/AU5527799A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-09-14 WO PCT/HR1999/000021 patent/WO2000024472A1/en active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2000024472A1 (en) | 2000-05-04 |
| AU5527799A (en) | 2000-05-15 |
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