HRP950356A2 - Flooring for protection against erosion, and process for making such flooring - Google Patents
Flooring for protection against erosion, and process for making such flooring Download PDFInfo
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- HRP950356A2 HRP950356A2 HR9407850A HRP950356A HRP950356A2 HR P950356 A2 HRP950356 A2 HR P950356A2 HR 9407850 A HR9407850 A HR 9407850A HR P950356 A HRP950356 A HR P950356A HR P950356 A2 HRP950356 A2 HR P950356A2
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- Prior art keywords
- erosion
- soil covering
- covering according
- yarn
- geotextile
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 title description 7
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 title 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011208 reinforced composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011365 complex material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Description
Ovaj izum odnosi se na novu vrstu obloge za zaštitu tla protiv erozije i posebno je namijenjen za zaštitu obala potoka, kanala, rijeka ili jezera, kao i nagiba tla, za što je potrebna zaštita od granularnih materijala (zemlje). This invention relates to a new type of coating for soil protection against erosion and is especially intended for the protection of the banks of streams, canals, rivers or lakes, as well as the slope of the ground, which requires protection from granular materials (soil).
U području zaštite obala rijeka i gorskih potoka predloženo je veoma mnogo metoda za ograničavanje učinaka erozije. In the area of protection of riverbanks and mountain streams, many methods have been proposed to limit the effects of erosion.
Najstarija poznata metoda kod koje se koristi zemlja uzeta na samom mjestu, sastoji se u slaganju vreća ispunjenih zemljom ili pijeskom. The oldest known method, which uses soil taken from the site itself, consists in stacking bags filled with soil or sand.
Metoda kod koje se koriste metalni koševi sa velikim očicama ispunjenih sa kamenjem, također je uobičajena. A method using metal baskets with large meshes filled with stones is also common.
Osim toga, godinama su poznate metode metalnih struktura u vidu saća koje mogu zadržavati od klizanja šljunčano tlo na laganim padinama. In addition, methods of metal structures in the form of honeycombs have been known for years, which can prevent gravel soil from sliding on gentle slopes.
Poznate su i metode koje se sastoje u povezivanje dva sloja spojenih vlaknastih prediva uz korištenje veoma uskih traka koje su uglavnom na razmaku jedne od drugih. Takovi sistemi posebno su oblikovani kao betonska baza za korištenje na padinama. There are also known methods that consist in connecting two layers of joined fiber yarns with the use of very narrow strips that are mostly at a distance from each other. Such systems are specially designed as a concrete base for use on slopes.
Održanje tla i metode poboljšanja koje se koriste i za gornji i za donji sloj, pri čemu se tlu dodaju strukture za pojačanje kao što su plastične ili metalne mreže, kao i tzv. "geotekstili" koji se ne raspadaju, spojene ili tkane neprekinute mreže od prediva koje se stavljaju u zemlju da bi omogućile drenažu i služile kao filteri, a u određenim slučajevima, da bi raspodijelile teret, poznate su već mnogo godina. Soil maintenance and improvement methods used for both topsoil and subsoil, where reinforcement structures such as plastic or metal nets are added to the soil, as well as so-called Non-degradable "geotextiles", bonded or woven continuous webs of yarns placed in the soil to allow drainage and serve as filters and in certain cases to distribute loads, have been known for many years.
Takove strukture za pojačanje danas se uveliko koriste kod cestogradnje i zaštite riječnih i morskih obala protiv erozije. Such reinforcement structures are widely used today in road construction and protection of river and sea shores against erosion.
Kao što je opisano u francuskom patentu 2 441 685 i US patentu 4 572 705, ostali predloženi geotekstilni sistemi obuhvaćaju celularne strukture u vidu saća sa spojenim ili tkanim stijenkama od prediva i kad se stave na zemlju, stijenke sa odjeljcima su okomite na istu, čime stvara pregradni sloj koji kad se spomenuti odjeljci napune sa zemljom, pijeskom, šljunkom ili drugim prikladnim materijalom, neće samo raspoređivati teret, nego i stabilizirati tlo i olakšati njegovu drenažu. As described in French Patent 2,441,685 and US Patent 4,572,705, other proposed geotextile systems comprise honeycomb cellular structures with bonded or woven yarn walls and when placed on the ground, the compartmented walls are perpendicular to the ground, thereby it creates a barrier layer that, when the mentioned compartments are filled with soil, sand, gravel or other suitable material, will not only distribute the load, but also stabilize the soil and facilitate its drainage.
Ponekad i pod određenim uvjetima, ni jedna od tih metoda nije prikladna za brzo i jednostavno postavljanje dobre zaštite protiv erozije, koja se može staviti na zemlju, ispod vode i čija primjena omogućava i korištenje okolnog tla. Sometimes and under certain conditions, none of these methods are suitable for quick and easy installation of good protection against erosion, which can be placed on the ground, under water and whose application also allows the use of the surrounding soil.
Sad je pronađeno - a to je i predmet ovog izuma - da je moguće koristiti takove celularne strukture kao visokoučinske zaštite protiv erozije obala, a tamo gdje je potrebno, može se osigurati i dno (rijeka, kanal, vodootporna ili zemljom punjena nadzemna obloga). It has now been found - and this is also the subject of this invention - that it is possible to use such cellular structures as highly effective protection against coastal erosion, and where necessary, the bottom can also be secured (river, canal, waterproof or earth-filled surface lining).
Općenito govoreći, izum se odnosi na antierozijsku oblogu tla celularne vrste ili strukture u vidu saća koja se stavlja na tlo, da bi se zaštitilo, tako da su stijenke s odjeljcima okomite na tlo i čine pregradni sloj, koji je kad se stavi na zemlju, ispunjen sa materijalom koji se uglavnom sastoji od zemlje uzete na mjestu na kojem se struktura postavlja i koji je naznačen time, da je nadzemni dio i/ili dno spomenute celularne strukture pokriven i pojačan ravnom fleksibilnom strukturom pričvršćenom na rubove odjeljaka i sastoji se od metalne i/ili sintetičke mreže. Generally speaking, the invention relates to an anti-erosion soil covering of a cellular type or a honeycomb structure that is placed on the ground to protect it, so that the walls with compartments are perpendicular to the ground and form a barrier layer, which when placed on the ground, filled with a material that mainly consists of soil taken from the place where the structure is placed and which is characterized by the fact that the above-ground part and/or the bottom of the said cellular structure is covered and reinforced by a flat flexible structure attached to the edges of the compartments and consists of metal and /or synthetic networks.
U daljnjem opisu, za mrežu spojenu sa celularnom strukturom koristit će se izraz "metalna mreža", no izum nije ograničen samo na metalnu mrežu, jer se može koristiti napr. i plastična mreža. In the further description, the term "metal mesh" will be used for the mesh connected to the cellular structure, but the invention is not limited to the metal mesh, as it can be used e.g. and plastic mesh.
Kod preporučenog oblika izvedbe prema izumu, metalna mreža se kombinira sa geotekstilom. In the recommended embodiment according to the invention, the metal mesh is combined with geotextile.
Takav geotekstil može biti predivo sa sitnijim očicama od geotekstila i/ili vlaknasto predivo od napr. neprekinutog sintetskog vlakna, te tako djeluje kao fleksibilan, gibak pokrov površine, koji zatvara metalnu mrežu i mreže od prediva. Such geotextile can be yarn with smaller mesh than geotextile and/or fiber yarn from e.g. continuous synthetic fiber, and thus acts as a flexible, flexible surface covering, which closes the metal mesh and nets made of yarn.
Metalna mreža može biti kaljena žica od mekog čelika, uglavnom visoko galvanizirana i zaštićena sa polivinilnom (PVC) prevlakom. The metal mesh can be hardened mild steel wire, usually highly galvanized and protected with a polyvinyl (PVC) coating.
Ako se metalna mreža kombinira sa geotekstilom u element za pokrivanje i pojačanje, ovo dvoje se može spojiti metalnim spojnicama ili, kad je žica metalne mreže prevučena PVC-om, toplim tiještenjem na temperaturi na kojoj se PVC razmekšava. If metal mesh is combined with geotextile in a cover and reinforcement element, the two can be joined by metal connectors or, when the wire mesh is PVC-coated, by hot pressing at the temperature at which the PVC softens.
Iako obloga kao što je opisano na obje strane celularne strukture posjeduje ravnu strukturu za pojačanje koja je identična sa njenim dijelom koji je nadopunjuje i za oboje se koristi izraz "površina", ipak je moguće koristiti i druge složene materijale kao što je mreža od prediva s jednostrukim spojem ili tkana mreža na strani u neposrednom kontaktu sa tlom na dnu, umjesto pojačanog složenog materijala uključivši metalnu mrežu kao u gornjem sloju (ili obrnuto). Although the cladding as described on both sides of the cellular structure has a planar reinforcing structure identical to its complementary part and the term "surface" is used for both, it is still possible to use other complex materials such as yarn mesh with with a single joint or woven mesh on the side in direct contact with the ground at the bottom, instead of a reinforced composite material including a metal mesh as in the upper layer (or vice versa).
Isto tako neke primjene zahtijevaju samo jedan ravni pokrov i strukturu za pojačanje koja se sastoji od metalne spojene ili sa gornjim rubovima celularne strukture u vidu saća ili sa donjim dijelom spomenute celularne strukture. Likewise, some applications require only one flat cover and a reinforcing structure consisting of metal connected either to the upper edges of the cellular structure in the form of a honeycomb or to the lower part of said cellular structure.
Zaštitna obloga, kao što je opisano, može se napraviti tako, da se dobije tvrda, stabilna i veoma izdržljiva cjelina bez krutosti elementa za pojačanje koja bi štetno djelovala na vegetaciju oštećivanjem biljke, stabljika ili korijena. The protective covering, as described, can be made in such a way as to obtain a hard, stable and very durable unit without the stiffness of the reinforcing element which would have a detrimental effect on the vegetation by damaging the plant, stems or roots.
Osim toga, kod preporučljivog primjera izvedbe prema izumu, naprijed spomenuta struktura sadrži unutar odjeljaka strukture u vidu saća prikladno smještena pojačanja koja povezuju dvije vanjske površine. Ta pojačanja se sastoje od dodatne krute strukture cirkularnog, paralelepipednog ili identičnog oblika kao i odjeljci i mogu se staviti u te odjeljke. In addition, in a recommended embodiment according to the invention, the above-mentioned structure contains within the sections of the structure in the form of a honeycomb suitably placed reinforcements that connect the two outer surfaces. These reinforcements consist of an additional rigid structure of circular, parallelepiped or identical shape to the compartments and can be placed in these compartments.
Dodatna struktura može primjerice biti mreža od zavarene metalne žice. The additional structure can be, for example, a mesh made of welded metal wire.
Vanjske površine su sa donjim i/ili gornjim perimetarskim rubovima odjeljaka strukture u vidu saća, spojem odgovarajućim pričvršćivaćem kao što je prikladna spojnica. The outer surfaces are with the lower and/or upper perimeter edges of the sections of the structure in the form of a honeycomb, connected by a suitable fastening such as a suitable coupling.
U takovom slučaju je pričvršćenje olakšano korištenjem transparentne pločice od prediva u složenoj gornjoj površini, a vanjski rubovi celularne strukture ostaju vidljivi. In such a case, the attachment is facilitated by the use of a transparent yarn plate in the complex upper surface, and the outer edges of the cellular structure remain visible.
Izum je pobliže objašnjen pomoću dolje opisanih primjera prikazanih na crtežima: The invention is explained in more detail using the examples described below and shown in the drawings:
- slike 1a i 1b su dijagrami u perspektivi koji prikazuju strukturu antierozijske obloge tla prema izumu prije postavljanja i punjenje odjeljaka, pri čemu jedna od površina istih, kad je kombinirana sa pojačanjem od metalne mreže, djeluje kao fleksibilan, gibak pokrov (slika 1a), koji se pak može kombinirati sa geotekstilom (slika 1b); - figures 1a and 1b are diagrams in perspective showing the structure of the anti-erosion soil covering according to the invention before the installation and filling of the compartments, whereby one of the surfaces thereof, when combined with the metal mesh reinforcement, acts as a flexible, flexible cover (figure 1a), which can be combined with geotextile (Figure 1b);
- slika 2 je crtež u perspektivi koji prikazuje način na koji je opisana obloga opremljena sa vertikalnim unutrašnjim pojačanjem prema predmetnom izumu, a vanjska obloga je sastavljena od metalne mreže i geotekstila; - figure 2 is a perspective drawing showing the way in which the described lining is equipped with vertical internal reinforcement according to the subject invention, and the outer lining is composed of metal mesh and geotextile;
- slika 4 je dijagram koji pokazuje kako su sastavni dijelovi opisane obloge sastavljeni prema izumu. - Figure 4 is a diagram showing how the component parts of the described coating are assembled according to the invention.
Kao što se vidi na priloženim slikama, naročito na slikama 2 i 4, antierozijska obloga tla prema izumu uglavnom se sastoji od celularne strukture (1), koja struktura se stavlja na zemlju (5) koja se treba zaštititi tako, da su stijenke odjeljaka (2) okomite na zemlju. Ta celularna struktura uglavnom je izrađena od mreže od prediva, iako se, tamo gdje se to traži, mogu koristiti i plastične trake. Da bi stijenke celularne strukture bile čvrste, mogu se koristiti smolom impregnirano tkano ili spojeno predivo težine između 200 i 400 g/m2. Trake su spojene odgovarajućom metodom kao što je vezanje ili pletenje. Odjeljci su uglavnom heksagonalnog oblika sa visinom odjeljaka od 5 do 30 cm i bočnom duljinom između 10 i 40 cm. As can be seen in the attached pictures, especially in pictures 2 and 4, the anti-erosion soil covering according to the invention mainly consists of a cellular structure (1), which structure is placed on the ground (5) which needs to be protected so that the walls of the compartments ( 2) perpendicular to the ground. This cellular structure is generally made of yarn mesh, although plastic strips can also be used where required. To make the walls of the cellular structure strong, resin-impregnated woven or bonded yarn weighing between 200 and 400 g/m2 can be used. The strips are joined by a suitable method such as tying or braiding. The sections are mostly hexagonal in shape with a section height of 5 to 30 cm and a side length between 10 and 40 cm.
Odjeljci čine pregradni sloj, koji je kad se stavi na složenu bazu, uglavnom ispunjen sa materijalom uzetim na samom zemljištu. The sections form a barrier layer, which, when placed on a composite base, is mostly filled with material taken from the land itself.
U skladu s izumom, gornja i/ili donja strana celularne strukture je/su pokrivena/pokrivene sa metalnom mrežom (7) koja se sastoji od fleksibilnog, gipkog pokrova, iako se može i kombinirati sa geotekstilom (G), da bi se zatvorili odjeljci. According to the invention, the upper and/or lower side of the cellular structure is/are covered with a metal mesh (7) consisting of a flexible, flexible cover, although it can also be combined with a geotextile (G) to close the compartments. .
Kao što je prikazano na slikama la, 1b i 3, kad se koristi materijal prema izumu, na zemlju se stavlja plosnata složena baza ili površina (5), a donji rubovi celularne strukture (1) se na nju pričvršćuju napr. pomoću spojnica (6) koje su prikladne za korištenje sa takovim ravnim strukturama. Odjeljci se pune napr. zemljom (3) koja se uzme sa samog zemljišta i nakon davanja povoljnog nagiba, pokrivaju se sa plosnatim gornjim pokrovom (4), pri čemu se gornji pokrov spaja na gornje rubove odjeljaka. Tako se dobiva obloga kao što je prikazana u dijagramu na slici 4. As shown in Figures 1a, 1b and 3, when using the material according to the invention, a flat composite base or surface (5) is placed on the ground, and the lower edges of the cellular structure (1) are attached to it, e.g. by means of couplings (6) which are suitable for use with such flat structures. The sections are filled with e.g. with soil (3) taken from the land itself and after giving a favorable slope, they are covered with a flat upper cover (4), whereby the upper cover is connected to the upper edges of the compartments. Thus, a lining is obtained as shown in the diagram in Figure 4.
U skladu s izumom, donja struktura ili površina (5) i/ili gornja struktura ili površina (4) sastoji se od metalne mreže ili metalne i plastične mreže (7), koja primjerice može biti galvanizirana i PVC-om prevučena žica. Kod preporučljivog oblika izvedbe, žičana mreža je od dvostruko ili trostruko uvijene žice, sa očicama od 50, 60, 80 ili 100 mm (D) kao što je prikazano na slici 2. In accordance with the invention, the lower structure or surface (5) and/or the upper structure or surface (4) consists of a metal mesh or a metal and plastic mesh (7), which, for example, can be galvanized and PVC-coated wire. In the recommended form of performance, the wire mesh is made of double or triple twisted wire, with meshes of 50, 60, 80 or 100 mm (D) as shown in Figure 2.
Žica od koje je napravljena mreža i koja mora biti čvrsta da bi služila svrsi, može biti od visoko galvaniziranog kaljenog mekog čelika, ukoliko je potrebno, prevučena sa PVC-om. The wire from which the net is made and which must be strong to serve the purpose, can be of highly galvanized hardened mild steel, if necessary, coated with PVC.
Ta metalna mreža može se kombinirati sa geotekstilom (G) tkanog tipa (S), no sa sitnijim očicama žičane mreže (7). Kad je žičana mreža prevučena PVC-om, dva materijala su spojena toplinskim tiještenjem. This metal mesh can be combined with geotextile (G) of the woven type (S), but with smaller meshes of the wire mesh (7). When the wire mesh is coated with PVC, the two materials are joined by heat fusion.
Tekstilna mreža (8) može se izraditi od bilo kojeg konca sa točkom topljenja višom od one koju ima prevlaka žice metalne mreže (7), kao što su na primjer poliester ili konac od staklenog vlakna. The textile mesh (8) can be made of any thread with a melting point higher than that of the wire coating of the metal mesh (7), such as polyester or glass fiber thread.
Kod jednog oblika izvedbe se mreža od prediva (8) kombinira sa vlaknastom mrežom (9) (prikazano samo na slici 2), napravljenom od sintetskog neprekidnog vlakna, da bi se dobio fleksibilan, gibak pokrov koji zatvara mrežu od prediva (8) i dvostruko uvijenu, heksagonalnu metalne (7) mrežu. In one embodiment, the yarn mesh (8) is combined with a fiber mesh (9) (shown only in Figure 2), made of synthetic continuous fiber, to provide a flexible, flexible cover that encloses the yarn mesh (8) and double twisted, hexagonal metal (7) mesh.
Struktura vlakna (9) može primjerice biti spojeno predivo od rastegnutog, nemehanički perforiranog svežnja vlakana, kojim materijalom se dobiva fleksibilan, gibak i transparentan pokrov metalne mreže (7) i mreže od prediva (8). The fiber structure (9) can be, for example, a joined yarn from a stretched, non-mechanically perforated bundle of fibers, which material is used to obtain a flexible, flexible and transparent covering of the metal mesh (7) and the yarn mesh (8).
Iako prema izumu donja površina (5) strukture koja je u kontaktu sa tlom, ima istu strukturu kao gornja površina (4) kao što je prikazano na slici 2, metalna mreža, plastična mreža ili jednostavno tkana ili spojena mreža od prediva umjesto pojačanog složenog materijala, jednako su prikladni kao gornji sloj (4). Although according to the invention the lower surface (5) of the structure in contact with the ground has the same structure as the upper surface (4) as shown in Figure 2, metal mesh, plastic mesh or simply woven or bonded yarn mesh instead of reinforced composite material , are equally suitable as the top layer (4).
Gornja površina (4) (vidi sliku 4), spojena je kao i donja površina (5) primjerice sa galvaniziranim spojnicama od nerđajučeg čelika (6). The upper surface (4) (see picture 4) is connected like the lower surface (5), for example with galvanized stainless steel connectors (6).
Pričvršćivanje je pojednostavnjeno ako se za provjetravani sloj (9) koristi transparentna mreža u složenoj strukturi (4) gornje površine da bi rubovi celularne strukture bili vidljivi. The attachment is simplified if a transparent mesh is used for the ventilated layer (9) in the complex structure (4) of the upper surface so that the edges of the cellular structure are visible.
Moguće su i druge metode spajanja raznih strukturalnih elemenata. Other methods of connecting various structural elements are also possible.
Kao što se vidi na slici 3 koja predstavlja jedan od preferiranih primjera izvedbe, pojačanja (10) se nalaze na određenim točkama unutar odjeljaka strukture u vidu saća (1), povezivajući dvije vanjske površine i sprečavajući svako pomicanje između spomenutih površina u horizontalnoj ravnini. As can be seen in figure 3 which represents one of the preferred examples of execution, reinforcements (10) are located at specific points within the sections of the honeycomb structure (1), connecting the two outer surfaces and preventing any movement between said surfaces in the horizontal plane.
Takova pojačanja su oblikovana dodatnom krutom strukturom (10) cilindričnog ili paralelepipedalnog oblika, no uglavnom takovog oblika koji se lako stavlja u odjeljke. Such reinforcements are formed by an additional rigid structure (10) of cylindrical or parallelepipedal shape, but mostly of such a shape that is easily placed in compartments.
Takav element za pojačavanje (10) uglavnom je napravljen od metalne mreže zavarenog spoja. Takovi elementi za pojačanje mogu se rasporediti na razmacima između 1/m2 i 1/5 do 10 m2. Such a reinforcing element (10) is generally made of a metal mesh of a welded joint. Such reinforcing elements can be arranged at intervals between 1/m2 and 1/5 to 10 m2.
Takav element djeluje kao uobičajena spojnica metalne strukture, jer strukturu u vidu saća drži na mjestu u odnosu na površine (4) i (5) kao funkciju odstojanja koje je prihvaćeno. Such an element acts as a common connector of a metal structure, because it holds the structure in the form of a honeycomb in place in relation to the surfaces (4) and (5) as a function of the distance that is accepted.
Element za pojačanje (10) osim toga može sadržavati vertikalne žice na svakom uglu, koje, budući su dulje od spomenutog elementa, čine "šiljke" koji se mogu savinuti prema dolje i time omogućiti, da se vanjski skinovi (4,5) pomaknu ili spoje sa bazom sistema u svrhu povećanja čvrstoće strukture. The reinforcement element (10) can additionally contain vertical wires at each corner, which, being longer than the mentioned element, form "spikes" that can be bent downwards and thus allow the outer skins (4,5) to move or connections with the base of the system in order to increase the strength of the structure.
Jednostavno oblikovana cjelina kao ova, djelotvorno će zaštititi tlo protiv erozije. A simply shaped unit like this will effectively protect the soil against erosion.
Ne mora se naglasiti, da izum nije ograničen na naprijed opisane primjere. It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the examples described above.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9407850A FR2721334B1 (en) | 1994-06-21 | 1994-06-21 | Protective coating against erosion and process for its production. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| HRP950356A2 true HRP950356A2 (en) | 1997-04-30 |
Family
ID=9464668
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| HR9407850A HRP950356A2 (en) | 1994-06-21 | 1995-06-21 | Flooring for protection against erosion, and process for making such flooring |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2798595A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2721334B1 (en) |
| HR (1) | HRP950356A2 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL114233A0 (en) |
| PE (1) | PE28896A1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW296734U (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995035417A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA955137B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2309992A (en) * | 1996-02-09 | 1997-08-13 | Netlon Ltd | Providing a layer of soil on a non-horizontal face |
| FR2752433B1 (en) * | 1996-08-14 | 1998-10-30 | Mecaroute | SYSTEM FOR RETAINING A MATERIAL SUPPLY ON A SLOPE WORK |
| FR2925863B1 (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2010-02-12 | Afitex Internat | CIPO - Patent - 2386030 Canadian Intellectual Property Office Symbol of the Government of Canada CA 2476050 METHOD OF FORMING ALVEOL PRODUCTS BY STAPLING BANDS, METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR MANUFACTURING ALVEOLAR PRODUCT PROCEDE. |
| EP2419565B1 (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2018-06-13 | TenCate Grass Holding B.V. | Method for forming an artificial grass layer and artificial grass product for use therein |
| NL1038310C2 (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-17 | Hugo Vries | METHOD FOR FORMING A SOIL-COVERING LAYER AND SOUND-SHAPED-COATING LAYER |
| CN111648304A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-11 | 深圳市沃而润生态科技有限公司 | Honeycomb restraint system cell reinforced concrete anti-freezing expansion canal structure |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1083532A (en) * | 1953-05-13 | 1955-01-10 | Maccaferri Off | Wrapped wire mesh gabion for marine defense |
| JPS58181922A (en) * | 1982-04-15 | 1983-10-24 | Kiyoshi Yamamoto | Soil board |
| JPS60208518A (en) * | 1984-03-30 | 1985-10-21 | Aasunikusu Kk | Greens-planting work on slope surface |
| US4797026A (en) * | 1984-05-09 | 1989-01-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Expandable sand-grid for stabilizing an undersurface |
| HUT43659A (en) * | 1986-01-28 | 1987-11-30 | Laszlo Varkonyi | Flexible structure for preventing earthworks, bed walls and for limiting base |
| FR2656885B1 (en) * | 1990-01-05 | 1996-08-23 | Induplast Sa | IMPROVED COATING FOR THE PROTECTION OF SOIL SUBJECT TO EROSION, AND METHOD OF IMPLEMENTATION. |
-
1994
- 1994-06-21 FR FR9407850A patent/FR2721334B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-06-20 PE PE1995271829A patent/PE28896A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-06-20 IL IL11423395A patent/IL114233A0/en unknown
- 1995-06-21 AU AU27985/95A patent/AU2798595A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-06-21 ZA ZA955137A patent/ZA955137B/en unknown
- 1995-06-21 WO PCT/FR1995/000822 patent/WO1995035417A1/en active Application Filing
- 1995-06-21 HR HR9407850A patent/HRP950356A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-07-06 TW TW084217729U patent/TW296734U/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA955137B (en) | 1996-01-31 |
| WO1995035417A1 (en) | 1995-12-28 |
| PE28896A1 (en) | 1996-07-25 |
| TW296734U (en) | 1997-01-21 |
| FR2721334B1 (en) | 1996-08-23 |
| AU2798595A (en) | 1996-01-15 |
| IL114233A0 (en) | 1995-10-31 |
| FR2721334A1 (en) | 1995-12-22 |
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| A1OB | Publication of a patent application | ||
| ODBC | Application rejected |