HRP950010A2 - Shock-absorber with intensive carburation being supplied by one or two fuels - Google Patents

Description

The field to which the invention relates

This invention relates to mechanical engineering in the field of Otto engines. A newly designed atomizer - a device for preparing a fuel mixture with single or dual fuel supply. Gasoline, gasoline plus liquefied petroleum gas or gasoline plus alcohol.. It differs in technical solutions and operation from the previously known ones.

Technical problem

(for the solution of which patent protection is requested)

There is a persistent problem of incomplete combustion in the engine, emission of harmful substances in exhaust gases, gradual removal of lead compounds from gasoline and environmental protection. It is a global problem of the present, which requires the search for new, better solutions. Limited reserves of conventional fuels also impose the need to use alternative fuels, primarily in combination with petroleum. Obviously, the problem is related to motor fuel and environmental protection, and it will remain so in the future. A large number of vehicles in operation are not equipped for the coming period.

State of the art

(presentation and analysis of known solutions to a defined technical problem)

Improvements that contribute to the economical management of available resources and the preservation of the environment are continuously introduced into practical application. As for the quality of work and operation of the Otto engine, in the literature engines of older and newer designs are classified, Fig. 1. Older designs, classic carburetors - carburetors are accompanied by fuel segregation problems in the intake system, especially during sudden acceleration of the vehicle with the result of detonation in the engine, considerable emission harmful components in exhaust gases. Newer designs, in addition to LAMBDA regulation, also include electronically regulated fuel injection and additional purification of exhaust gases in the catalyst. Unsolved remains, cold start - warm-up time to catalyst efficiency, limited life and cost.

In the USA, vehicle manufacturers are required to find technical solutions for the use of alternative fuels in motor vehicles. In Germany, extensive tests were carried out on Volkswagen vehicles with gasoline and methanol. A quality solution for practical application is still being sought. Fig. 1 graphically shows the qualitative emission of harmful components in exhaust gases. Many vehicles in use operate in the emission range for which additional reduction of harmful components in exhaust gases is necessary. Research in this regard has not ended, on the contrary, it is impossible to ignore the extraordinary properties that additional fuels provide to gasoline.

Although liquefied petroleum gas has been used for propulsion for years, it is only slightly represented in our country. Current devices for the application of liquefied petroleum gas have a number of disadvantages, which are primarily related to the poor quality of the engine's working characteristics.

Presentation of the essence of the invention

(so that the technical problem and its solution can be understood, as well as stating the technical novelty of the invention in relation to the previous state of the art)

The primary goal of the invention is to improve the combustion in the engine so as to reduce, first of all, the formation of NOX, the use of additional fuels to gasoline, due to economic and environmental problems. For this purpose, mixtures of alcohol or liquefied petroleum gas with gasoline were used for practical application. The proven properties show a number of advantages over the use of any of the listed fuels, which is especially important when removing lead compounds from gasoline. In the construction, the invention combines technical solutions /shown in figure 2./, which achieves the evaporation of all hydrocarbons contained in motor gasoline even outside the engine: it injects one or two fuels /1/, /7/ into the heated vortex chamber /2/. Heating is done with hot exhaust gases by recirculation through the openings of the chamber, which form a coil around the perimeter. The vortex through the chamber, the heat of the exhaust gases, sprays the emulsified fuels, atomizes them through the variable diffuser, which evaporates completely during the intake system. Part of the medium with moist and inert content during combustion lowers the peak temperatures of the engine's operating cycles and thus the formation of NOX. The detail for the mentioned treatment of the injected fuels is located outside the main flow of the intake air, and this allows direct heating of only the fuel, without raising the temperature of the total amount of intake air. With the fuel mixture thus prepared, the engine works stably in the area of lean mixture "C" Figure 1. Low emission. Until now, known systems do not have the mentioned features and capabilities.

In the application of modern systems, this problem is tried to be solved by heating the intake pipes by cooling the engine and touching the walls of the exhaust and intake pipes. Lack of slow and uncontrolled heating compared to hot exhaust gas recirculation.

Short description of the pictures

The accompanying drawings that are included in the description and that form part of the description of the invention help to explain the basic principles of operation of the invention.

Figure 1 qualitatively shows the emission of harmful components in exhaust gases, depending on the ratio of the air/fuel mixture. The marked part of area "C" is considered.

Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the atomizer assembly - a device for preparing the fuel mixture of an Otto engine, it enables the interpretation of the device's operation.

Figure 3 shows a device for applying liquefied petroleum gas as an additional fuel to gasoline or as a substitute for gasoline with any classic Otto engine system.

Detailed description of the method of realizing the invention

The device according to figure 2 and 3. They were made as a prototype, tested on a serial production vehicle. Tests during road driving confirm the assumed characteristics. Single-fuel supply works in the following way: gasoline enters the movable pipe injector /1/ through the supply pump, into which a conical needle /3/ carried by a roller /4/ moves and regulates the air intake through the diffuser /8/, and the needle simultaneously enters from the opposite direction regulates the amount of gasoline input. The membrane /5/ fixed in the housing and on the pipe injector corrects the ratio of the components of the fuel mixture under the action of pressure. The end channels of the exhaust pipes are connected to the openings /6/ with the inflow of exhaust gases through the openings of the vortex chamber /2/ into the fuel injection site.

Dual-fuel supply gasoline plus alcohol connection /7/ form an emulsion only in the chamber /2/ alcohol with exhaust gases in /2 a/ enters the chamber /2/ swirling, where the fuel is intensively broken down into small particles, initially atomized.

For the application of gasoline plus liquefied petroleum gas, a device according to Figure 3 is required. The application is possible in two variants:

"a" can be retrofitted to the existing power supply system on any Otto engine, gasoline plus liquid. petroleum gas, device and specific installation according to Figure 3.

"b" variant, an atomizer is installed in Fig. 2 and additionally a device with equipment according to Fig. 3. Possible fuels are gasoline, alcohol, liquid. petroleum gas.

Method of application of the invention

Application is possible on almost all vehicles in operation with Otto engines, also installation on new vehicles is particularly useful and profitable in internal and city traffic (various public services). Characterized by low price, favorable energy and environmental aspects.

A review of complaints and reasons for the low consumption of liquefied petroleum gas in our country are: insufficient number of gas filling stations, the tank in the vehicle takes up part of the luggage space and unreliable operation of the device.

The advantages of this invention only over the listed objections: easy and high-quality starting of the engine, warm-up period without enriching the mixture (choke), parallel consumption of gasoline and LPG reduces the need for large tanks in the vehicle, it is also possible to exchange an empty for a full tank at every point of sale.

In conclusion, it should be emphasized that the countertypes of the mentioned devices should serve above all as models on which any corrections would be made after at least a preliminary test on test devices for engines, i.e.: measurement of consumption, power, acceleration, exhaust gas emissions, look for the place in Figure 1 .

Further improvement of the device requires the cooperation of fuel and engine manufacturers in order to adjust motor gasoline, possibly reducing the types of mot. gasoline.

Claims (6)

1. Atomizer with intensive carburetion for the preparation of the fuel mixture of the Otto engine, characterized by the fact that it contains the possibility of single-fuel (1) and dual-fuel (7) power supply, recirculation of hot exhaust gases (6) and a variable diffuser for intensive carburetion (8). 2. An atomizer with intensive carburation according to claim 1, indicated by the fact that it injects one or two fuels into the vortex chamber (2) heated by hot exhaust gases directly by their recirculation through the fuel injection point to which the heat is directly transferred, creating an emulsion that is atomized during the flow and intensively mixes with the freshly sucked air in the variable diffuser. 3. An atomizer with intense carburation according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the variable trapezoidal diffuser (8) forms a movable roller (4) with a conical needle (3) and the inner part of the housing, whereby the movement of the roller expands the opening of the diffuser and proportionally determines the amount of sucked air and fuel with a needle. 4. Atomizer with intensive carburation according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it regulates the injected amount of main fuel (1) according to the engine load of the membrane (5) based on the underpressure in the intake system, thereby actually correcting the richness of the fuel mixture. 5. Assemblies of devices for the application of liquefied petroleum gas indicated by the complex regulation of the output pressure of the gaseous phase of propane-butane, as well as the injection of a measured amount of gas into (14). 6. Assemblies according to claim 5, characterized in that the output pressure of the gas from the regulator (10a) is taken over by the tank (13) through (10) via a feedback connection; the pressure of the tank (13) also supplies the injector nozzle (14) which, together with the air inlet, forms an injector, feeding the fuel system with air.