HRP930469A2 - Closure for an aperture - Google Patents
Closure for an aperture Download PDFInfo
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- HRP930469A2 HRP930469A2 HR930469A HRP930469A HRP930469A2 HR P930469 A2 HRP930469 A2 HR P930469A2 HR 930469 A HR930469 A HR 930469A HR P930469 A HRP930469 A HR P930469A HR P930469 A2 HRP930469 A2 HR P930469A2
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- Prior art keywords
- closing element
- hinge
- sealing
- slats
- strips
- Prior art date
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
- Details Of Garments (AREA)
- Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
- Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
Description
Izum se odnosi na element za zatvaranje otvora, kojeg je moguće micati iz zatvorenog položaja u otvoreni položaj otvora. The invention relates to an element for closing the opening, which can be moved from the closed position to the open position of the opening.
Kao primjer takve vrste elementa za zatvaranje otvora, poznat je kotrljajući se oklop kotrljajućih vrata kao vertikalno, otvarajući se element za zatvaranje micajućih se odnosno pomakljivih podiznih vrata, koji se sastoji iz drugačijih elemenata obzirom na kutno pomične lamele, koje su na obje strane podiznih vrata pomoću vertikalnih vodećih tračnica vođene u zatvoreni položaj, te kojeg je moguće pomoću vratila za namatanje na kojem je pričvršćen kotrljajući oklop, pomaknuti i omotati na gore u otvoreni položaj. As an example of this type of element for closing the opening, the rolling casing of the rolling door is known as a vertical, opening element for closing the moving or movable lifting door, which consists of different elements with respect to the angularly movable slats, which are on both sides of the lifting door guided to the closed position by means of vertical guide rails, and which can be moved and wrapped upwards to the open position by means of the winding shaft on which the rolling armor is attached.
Kotrljajući oklop kao dio kotrljajućeg zatvarača za zatvaranje i zaštitu otvora vrata, sastoji se od lamela povezanih međusobno u vidu članaka, u pravilu profilnih dijelova, npr. prešane aluminijske građe. Kod toga visina pojedinih lamela u pravilu iznosi približno 80 do 120 mm. The rolling armor as a part of the rolling shutter for closing and protecting the door opening, consists of lamellae connected to each other in the form of articles, as a rule profile parts, for example, pressed aluminum construction. In this case, the height of the individual lamellas is, as a rule, approximately 80 to 120 mm.
Ti profilni dijelovi su uglavnom zasnovani kao profili koji se mogu umetnuti, koji su na osnovu svojih oblika bez daljnjih vezujućih članova međusobno vezani u kotrljajući oklop. Kod tipično aluminijskog prešanog profila je članak izveden npr. kao nastavak i mostić, tako da kod jedan u drugog uloženim profilima tako oblikovan članak može preuzeti i podnijeti sile koje se pojave kod navijanja kotrljajućeg oklopa. Kao članak izrađena veza lamela u pravilu sadrži veliki zazor-špranju. Osim toga neka bi bio oblik jedan u drugog umetnutih profila tako zasnovan, da bi bilo spriječeno sabiranje nečistoća i vode u člancima, te osigurano zadovoljavajuće brtvljenjeprotiv utjecaja vremena. These profile parts are mainly based on insertable profiles, which, based on their shape, are connected to each other in the rolling armor without further connecting members. With a typical aluminum pressed profile, the article is designed, for example, as an extension and a bridge, so that with profiles inserted into each other, the article shaped in this way can take over and withstand the forces that appear when winding the rolling armor. As a rule, the lamella connection made as an article contains a large gap-slot. In addition, the shape of the profiles inserted into each other should be based in such a way that the collection of impurities and water in the articles would be prevented, and satisfactory sealing against the influence of time would be ensured.
Nadalje, poznati su zatvarajući elementi otvora kod takozvanih od odsječaka sastavljenih vrata, kakve se isto tako upotrebljavaju kod velikih otvora vrata. Suvremena, iz odsječaka sastavljena vrata se u biti sastoje od oklopa sa jednakomjerno visokim odsječcima, koje je moguće pomoću pogona sa uzetom za vuču prebaciti u gornji vodoravni položaj ispod stropa. Furthermore, the closing elements of the openings are known for so-called section-assembled doors, which are also used for large door openings. Modern doors assembled from sections essentially consist of armor with equally high sections, which can be moved to the upper horizontal position under the ceiling using a drive with a drawbar.
Zbog srazmjerno velike visine pojedinih odsječaka na osnovu umanjenog broja vezujućih elemenata odsječaka, kao što su šarniri ili slično, a isto tako i brojevi čelnih strana za brtvljenje postignu mehanički, općenito cjelovitu zamisao sa odgovarajuće većom otpornošću glede vremenskih utjecaja kao i sigurnost protiv neželjenog otvaranja. Nadalje je omogućena velika visina pojedinih odsjeka, kod toga je moguće predvidjeti providne odsjeke u obliku prozora od stakla ili umjetne mase. Due to the proportionally large height of individual sections based on the reduced number of connecting elements of the sections, such as hinges or similar, as well as the number of front faces for sealing, they achieve a mechanically, generally complete idea with a correspondingly higher resistance to weather influences as well as security against unwanted opening. Furthermore, the high height of individual sections is possible, in this case it is possible to envisage transparent sections in the form of windows made of glass or synthetic material.
Pojedini odsjeci u zatvorenom položaju u pravilu leže tijesno jedan na drugome, tako da je za brtvljenje svaki puta na raspolaganju cjelokupna čelna površina odsjeka. Od odsjeka sastavljena vrata imaju time izgled kao lijepo zatvorena vrata sa neprekinutom vanjskom površinom bez zazora između. Nadalje poboljšano brtvljenje postignuto je npr. pomoću uložaka od gume, koji su u zatvorenom položaju stisnuti pomoću jedan na drugog nalijegajućih odsjeka. Alternativno imaju odsjeci i izbočinu koja na čelnoj strani protiče kroz cjelokupnu širinu vrata, te koja kod zamaha odsjeka u istu ravninu zahvati u odgovarajuće udubljenje, kao vezivanje opruge i žlijeba, a time se i kod vrlo širokih vrata još poboljša mehanička otpornost vrata protiv opterećenja zbog vjetra. As a rule, individual sections in the closed position lie tightly on top of each other, so that the entire frontal surface of the section is available for sealing every time. A door made of sections has the appearance of a beautifully closed door with a continuous outer surface without gaps in between. Further improved sealing is achieved, for example, by means of rubber inserts, which are compressed in the closed position by overlapping sections. Alternatively, they have sections and a protrusion that runs through the entire width of the door on the front side, and which, when the section swings in the same plane, engages in the appropriate depression, as a spring and groove connection, and thus, even with very wide doors, the mechanical resistance of the door against loads is further improved due to of the wind.
Na unutarnjoj strani vrata su odsjeci povezani sa grupom pojedinih šarnira, koji su po cjelokupnoj širini vrata smješteni u određenim razmacima u takvom broju, da je postignuta dovoljna čvrstoća i podupiranje. Šarniri, koji su smješteni na bočnom rubu odsječaka su u pravilu istovremeno izvedeni kao držači-koturaljke, koja se može kretati u vodećoj tračnici presjeka u obliku slova U u rubnom području od odsjeka sastavljenih vrata. Kako su pojedini šarniri tako namješteni na odsjecima, da se odsjeci mogu prebaciti protiv unutarnjoj strani, a kod toga se pojave poteškoće, jer na unutarnju stranu smješteni dijelovi šarnira optički smetaju, te su opasni zbog mogućnosti oštećenja. Daljnja mogućnost ozljeda postoji kod kutnog namještanja odsjeka zbog toga, jer se pojavljuju otvoreni zazori, odnosno kod ponovnog poravnavanja odsjeka i zatvaranja zazora-špranja. On the inside of the door, there are sections connected to a group of individual hinges, which are placed at certain intervals along the entire width of the door in such a number that sufficient strength and support is achieved. The hinges, which are located on the side edge of the sections, are usually simultaneously performed as holders-rollers, which can move in the guide rail of the U-shaped section in the peripheral area of the assembled door section. Since some hinges are arranged on the sections in such a way that the sections can be moved against the inside, and this causes difficulties, because the parts of the hinges located on the inside are optically disturbing, and are dangerous due to the possibility of damage. There is a further possibility of injury when the section is adjusted at an angle because of this, because open gaps appear, that is, when the section is re-aligned and the gaps are closed.
Izum je zasnovan na problemu, kako pružiti zatvarajući element otvora, koji će u zatvorenom stanju pružiti dovoljnu tijesnost protiv utjecaja vjetra i vremena, te veliku stabilnost glede na opterećenje na tlačenje u točkama. The invention is based on the problem, how to provide a closing element of the opening, which in the closed state will provide sufficient tightness against the influence of wind and weather, and great stability with respect to the pressure load at points.
Taj problem je riješen pomoću elementa za zatvranje sa karakteristikama po zahtjevu 1. This problem is solved by means of a closing element with the characteristics of claim 1.
Element za zatvaranje po izumu sadrži lamele, koje su međusobno člankovito povezane pomoću šarnira na taj način, da se pomoću udaljenosti među svaki puta susjednim lamelama stvara prostor, u kojeg dosižu šarnirski čepovi šarnira. Time, kad je os vitlanja svakoga šarnira predviđena u prostoru među lamelama, kutni otvori među susjednim lamelama i ubrzanja kod kutnog stavljanja za vrijeme pomicanja zatvarajućeg elementa u otvoreni položaj, su umanjeni uz odgovarajuće manje sile, zbog ubrzanja kod kutnog stavljanja zatvarajućeg elementa, time je na malim polumjerima moguće postići sa malo trenja, te je u otvorenom položaju nužno odgovarajuće manje prostora, bez da bi kod toga bilo potrebno uzeti u zajam povećanu buku kod otvaranja i zatvaranja. Pored toga, izbjegnemo van vireće dijelove šarnira uz odgovarajući optički učinak i uz umanjenje opasnosti od oštećenja. The closing element according to the invention contains lamellas, which are connected to each other in an articulated manner by means of hinges in such a way that a space is created by means of the distance between adjacent lamellas each time, into which the hinge plugs of the hinges reach. Thus, when the pivoting axis of each hinge is provided in the space between the lamellas, the angular openings between the adjacent lamellas and the accelerations during the angular placement during the movement of the closing element to the open position are reduced with correspondingly smaller forces, due to the acceleration during the angular placement of the closing element, thus on small radii it is possible to achieve with little friction, and in the open position correspondingly less space is necessary, without having to borrow the increased noise during opening and closing. In addition, we avoid protruding hinge parts with a suitable optical effect and with a reduction in the risk of damage.
Susjedne lamele su svaki puta približno po cjelokupnoj širini otvora zasnovane sa letvama za brtvljenje koje osiguravaju tijesnost protiv vjetra, te sprečavaju prodiranje kišnice i prašine. Letve za brtvljenje su tako raspoređene, da geometrijska os šarnirskih čepova leži unutar kontura letve za brtvljenje, tako da su letve za brtvljenje kod kutnog stavljanja elementa za zatvaranje pojedinačno opterećene na savijanje. Letve za brtvljenje sadrže na suprotnim stranama čvorove ili odebljanja koja dosežu do odgovarajuće oblikovanih isječaka u vidu utora lamela, kod toga su jedna prema drugoj okrenute potporne površine odebljanja minimalno, ali ipak dovoljnoga nesmetanu ugradnju, udaljene od odgovarajućih držećih površina lamela, tako da se kod zatvorenog položaja elementa za zatvaranje kod opterećenja na tlačenje lamele poprečno glede na ravninu vrata-nakon početnih reakcijskih sila samih zbog opterećenja na savijanje letava za brtvljenje obzirom na susjedne lamele-odmah iskrsne opterećenje na tlačenje letava za brtvljenje, a to opterećenje sprečava ili ograničava daljnje savijanje glede susjednih lamela. Adjacent slats are each time based on the entire width of the opening with sealing slats that ensure tightness against the wind, and prevent the penetration of rainwater and dust. The sealing slats are arranged in such a way that the geometric axis of the hinge plugs lies within the contours of the sealing slat, so that the sealing slats are individually loaded for bending when the closing element is placed at an angle. The sealing slats contain on opposite sides nodes or thickenings that reach appropriately shaped cutouts in the form of lamella grooves, in this case, the supporting surfaces of the thickening are turned towards each other, minimally, but still sufficient for undisturbed installation, away from the respective holding surfaces of the lamellas, so that of the closed position of the closing element under the pressure load of the lamella transverse to the plane of the door - after the initial reaction forces due to the bending load of the sealing slats with respect to the adjacent slats - the pressure load of the sealing slats immediately arises, and this load prevents or limits further bending regarding the adjacent lamellas.
Element za zatvaranje po izumu je moguće upotrijebiti kao zatvarač za bilo koju vrstu otvora. Otvor može biti ispravan, u obliku vrata ili prozora, i vodoravan, npr. u obliku plivačkog bazena ili slično. Zatvarajući element može biti vođen sa vodećim prugama, kod toga su omogućene veće brzine kretanja uz manju buku za vrijeme otvaranja i zatvaranja, a ipak ga je moguće navijati bez ikakvog vodila. Pogon elementa za zatvaranje može biti pomoću elektromotora ili ručno. The closure element according to the invention can be used as a closure for any type of opening. The opening can be regular, in the form of a door or window, and horizontal, for example in the form of a swimming pool or similar. The closing element can be guided with guide rails, which enables higher movement speeds with less noise during opening and closing, and yet it can be wound without any guide. The closing element can be driven by an electric motor or manually.
Posebno brzi tok za vrijeme zatvaranja i otvaranja zatvarajućeg elementa je omogućen, ako su u sukladnosti sa zahtjevom 2, na raspolaganju šarniri u obliku šarnirskih traka sa šarnirskim člancima, koji su međusobno člankovito povezani te pomoću šarnirskih čepova jedan obzirom na drugoga kutno postavljivi, kod toga šarnirske trake imaju dužinu koja odgovara svijetloj visini otvora. Te šarnirske trake stvaraju noseći skelet zatvarajućeg elementa, jer sve zatezne sile preuzmu šarnirske trake, te se ne prenose na lamele. U skladu sa zahtjevom 3 su kod toga lamele jednostavno smještene na šarnirske članke šarnirskih traka. A particularly fast flow during the closing and opening of the closing element is enabled if, in accordance with requirement 2, hinges are available in the form of hinged strips with hinged members, which are connected to each other in a joint-like manner and can be set at an angle with respect to each other by means of hinged plugs. hinge strips have a length that corresponds to the clear height of the opening. These hinged strips create the supporting skeleton of the closing element, because all tensile forces are absorbed by the hinged strips, and are not transferred to the slats. In accordance with claim 3, the lamellae are simply placed on the hinged members of the hinged strips.
U skladu sa zahtjevom 4 su letve za brtvljenje prioritetno izgrađene od elastične građe, posebno od gume, time izbjegnemo mehanički rad za kutno postavljanje, te je za kutno postavljanje zatvarajućeg elementa potrebna samo mala sila, isto tako je moguće zadržati što manju buku koja se pojavljuje kod kutnog postavljanja. In accordance with requirement 4, the sealing slats are preferably made of elastic material, especially of rubber, thereby avoiding mechanical work for angular installation, and only a small force is required for angular installation of the closing element, it is also possible to keep the noise that occurs as low as possible in the case of corner installation.
Još mirniji i skoro bez trenja, a time brži tok lamelnog oklopa je u skladu sa zahtjevom 5 postignut time, da su u istoj osi sa šarnirskim čepovima uležištene koturače koje se kreću po odgovarajućim vodećim prugama. An even quieter and almost frictionless, and therefore faster flow of the lamellar armor is achieved in accordance with requirement 5 by the fact that the rollers that move along the corresponding guide rails are placed in the same axis as the hinged plugs.
Posebno tijesno zatvaranje otvora vrata postignuto je time, ako je u skladu sa zahtjevom 6 na vanjskoj strani svake lamele predviđen nastavak za brtvljenje, na osnovu kojeg se u zatvorenom položaju umanji razmak između susjednih lamela, ipak bez da bi se lamele same doticale. Jer time letve za brtvljenje nisu više vidljive, pa je time istovremeno dobijen i ugodan vanjski izgled elementa za zatvaranje u obliku jednakomjerne glatke površine. A particularly tight closing of the door opening is achieved if, in accordance with requirement 6, a sealing extension is provided on the outside of each lamella, on the basis of which the distance between adjacent lamellas is reduced in the closed position, without the lamellas themselves touching. This is because the sealing slats are no longer visible, and at the same time a pleasant external appearance of the sealing element is obtained in the form of an even, smooth surface.
Ako su na obje suprotne strane zatvarajućeg elementa raspoređeni držeći vezovi za osiguranje položaja lamela, zatvarajući element može bez bojazni da se izvuče iz otvora, u zatvorenom položaju podnijeti i veće sile na tlačenje. If holding ties are arranged on both opposite sides of the closing element to ensure the position of the lamellas, the closing element can be pulled out of the opening without fear, and in the closed position it can withstand higher compressive forces.
Ostale pojedinosti i prikladnost izuma izlaze iz daljnjeg opisa izvedbenog oblika na osnovi nacrta. Kod toga pokazuju Other details and suitability of the invention emerge from the further description of the embodiment based on the drawings. That's what they show
Sl.1. zatvarajući element koji odgovara primjeru izvođenja izuma u pogledu od pozadi, Fig. 1. closing element corresponding to the embodiment of the invention in rear view,
Sl.2. shematično prikazan presjek uzduž crte II-II po sl.1, Fig. 2. schematically shown section along line II-II according to Fig.1,
Sl.2A shematično i uvećano prikazana pojedinost X sa sl.2 i Fig. 2A schematically and enlarged detail X from Fig. 2 i
Sl.3. tlocrt zatvarajućeg elementa po predloženom izumu, kod čega je zatvarajući element upotrijebljen kod podiznih vrata koja su pomična ispravno na gore. Fig. 3. floor plan of the closing element according to the proposed invention, in which the closing element is used for lifting doors that move correctly upwards.
U produžetku opisan primjer izvedbe zatvarajućeg elementa po izumu protiče glede upotrebe kod podiznih vrata, koja su u otvoru vrata ispravno na gore pokrenuta iz zatvorenog u otvoreni položaj. The example described in the extension of the performance of the closing element according to the invention is related to the use of lifting doors, which are correctly moved upwards from the closed to the open position in the door opening.
Obzirom na ostale pojedinosti, valja upozoriti na obje paralelne njemačke patentne prijave istoga prijavitelja sa naslovom "Podizna vrata sa lamelnim oklopom sa kutno postavljivim lamelama" (11EFO1412), odnosno "Podizna vrata sa lamelnim oklopom u vodećim prugama", te ih u cjelosti uzeti u obzir. Predloženi element za zatvaranje nije pak nikako omeđen samo na upotrebu kod podiznih vrata, nego ga je moguće bez daljnjeg upotrijebiti npr. kod vodoravno raspoređenog otvora. With regard to other details, it is necessary to draw attention to both parallel German patent applications of the same applicant with the title "Lifting door with lamellar armor with angled lamellas" (11EFO1412), i.e. "Lifting door with lamellar armor in guide rails", and to take them in their entirety consideration. The proposed closing element is by no means limited to use with lift gates, but it can be used without further ado, for example, with a horizontally arranged opening.
Kao što je vidljivo na sl.1 do 3, prikazani izvedbeni oblik zatvarajućeg elementa 12 otvora 1 po izumu sadrži grupu lamela 14 za prekrivanje otvora 1, koje su pomoću šarnira 20,20' međusobno člankovito povezane. Nasuprot ležeće si strane susjednih lamela su kao što će biti detaljnije opisano u produžetku, svaki puta povezane pomoću letava za brtvljenje 42. Prikazani zatvarajući element je po si.3 na obim suprotnim stranama 3,3' otvora 1 vrata, vođen pomoću vodećih pruga 2,2', tako da je zatvarajući element 12 iz ispravnog zatvorenog položaja moguće pomaknuti u otvoreni položaj u području izvan otvora 1. U produžetku oznake sa crticom označavaju svaki puta odgovarajuće dijelove zatvarajućeg elementa, koji su raspoređeni na strani 3' otvora 1, te koji predstavljaju zrcalnu sliku dijelova sa oznakama bez crtice. As can be seen in Figs. 1 to 3, the presented embodiment of the closing element 12 of the opening 1 according to the invention contains a group of lamellas 14 for covering the opening 1, which are articulated with each other by means of hinges 20, 20'. As will be described in more detail in the extension, the opposite lying sides si of the adjacent lamellas are each time connected by means of sealing battens 42. The shown closing element is according to si.3 on the circumference of the opposite sides 3,3' of the opening 1 of the door, guided by means of guide rails 2 ,2', so that the closing element 12 can be moved from the correct closed position to the open position in the area outside the opening 1. In the extension, the symbols with a dash indicate each time the corresponding parts of the closing element, which are arranged on the side 3' of the opening 1, and which they represent the mirror image of parts with marks without a dash.
Na obje rubne strane zatvarajućeg elementa 12 su svaki puta predviđeni šarniri u obliku šarnirskih traka 20,20' kojih dužina u biti odgovara visini otvora vrata. Svaka šarnirska traka 20,20' sastoji se od krutih šarnirskih članaka 22, koji su međusobno člankovito povezani, te se mogu jedan na drugoga zavitlati pomoću šarnirskih čepova 24,24'. Pored toga je svaki šarnirski članak na poznati način na svome kraju izveden sa uhom koje je uvaljano gdje je moguće umetnuti šarnirski čep 24. Šarnirski članci su međusobno povezani člankovito na taj način, da su njihova uha, jedno obzirom na drugo raspoređena u istoj osi, te je u njima uležišten zajednički čep šarnira 24. On both edge sides of the closing element 12, hinges in the form of hinge strips 20, 20' are provided each time, the length of which essentially corresponds to the height of the door opening. Each hinged strip 20,20' consists of rigid hinged articles 22, which are connected to each other in an articulated manner, and can be twisted on each other by means of hinged plugs 24,24'. In addition, in a known manner, each hinged article is made with a rolled ear at its end where it is possible to insert a hinged plug 24. The hinged articles are connected to each other in such a way that their ears, with respect to each other, are arranged in the same axis. and the common hinge plug 24 is inserted into them.
Kod prikazanog primjera su nadalje u istoj osi sa čepovima šarnira 24,24' uležištene i koturaljke 26,26' koje su namijenjene za kotrljajuće vođenje traka šarnira 20,20' u vodećim prugama 2 12'. Kod prikazanog primjera, svaka vodeća pruga sadrži dva okrugla štapa 28 i 30, koji su raspoređeni na nepromjenjivoj međusobnoj udaljenosti koja je tijesno prilagođena promjeru koturaljki 26. Trake šarnira 20,20' i okrugli štapovi 28,30 su izrađeni npr. od tvrde metalne građe, dok koturaljke 26 mogu biti izrađene i od umjetne mase. Zbog osiguranja pojedinih lamela 14 a time i zatvarajućeg elementa od izvlačenja iz vodeće pruge, svaka koturaljka sadrži vez za držanje 27,27', kojeg je vanjski promjer veći od otvora za svijetlost među okruglim štapovima 28,30. In the example shown, the rollers 26.26', which are intended for the rolling guidance of the hinge strips 20.20' in the guide rails 2 12', are also placed in the same axis as the hinge plugs 24.24'. In the example shown, each guide rail contains two round rods 28 and 30, which are arranged at a constant distance from each other that is closely adapted to the diameter of the rollers 26. The hinge strips 20, 20' and the round rods 28, 30 are made, for example, of hard metal construction , while rollers 26 can also be made of plastic. In order to secure the individual lamellae 14 and thus the closing element from being pulled out of the guide rail, each roller contains a holding link 27.27', the outer diameter of which is larger than the light opening between the round rods 28.30.
Lamele 14 su na trakama šarnira 20,20' namještene i pričvršćene npr. pomoću vijčanih veza 32,32' na taj način, da pomoću nastalog udaljenja između svaki puta susjednih lamela stvori prostor gdje zahvaćaju čepovi šarnira 24,24', odnosno, šarnirske čepove obuhvaćajuća uha članaka šarnira 22,22', što je najbolje prikazano na sl.2. Po izumu time postignemo, da geometrijska os članaka 36 dospije u nalijeganje potpuno u unutrašnjost područja koje je omeđeno sa obje vanjske glavne površine 38 i 40 zatvarajućeg elementa. Tim položajem osi članaka 36 postižemo, da se dužina kutnoga otvora između susjednih lamela 14 kod kutnoga postavljanja zatvarajućeg elementa smanji na najmanju mjeru, tako da se tome odgovarajuće umanje kutna ubrzanja kod kretanja u gornju savijenu vodeću prugu izvan područja otvora 1. Time je moguće još povećati moguće brzine kretanja prikazanog zatvarajućeg elementa,a da kod toga ne bi došlo do prekomjerne buke. The lamellas 14 are arranged and attached to the hinge strips 20,20', for example, by means of screw connections 32,32' in such a way, that by means of the resulting distance between the adjacent lamellas each time, a space is created where the hinge plugs 24,24', i.e., the hinge plugs encompassing the ear of the hinged joints 22,22', which is best shown in fig.2. According to the invention, we thereby achieve that the geometric axis of the articles 36 comes into contact completely inside the area that is bounded by both outer main surfaces 38 and 40 of the closing element. With this position of the axis of the articles 36, we achieve that the length of the angular opening between the adjacent lamellas 14 when the closing element is placed at an angle is reduced to the smallest extent, so that the angular acceleration is correspondingly reduced when moving into the upper bent guide rail outside the area of the opening 1. to increase the possible movement speeds of the shown closing element, without causing excessive noise.
Lamele visine npr. do 150 mm su jedna od druge sasvim neovisne i pojedinačno smještene na šarnirskim trakama 20,20', tako da ako nedostaje jedna lamela, to nema nikakvog učinka na mehaničku stabilnost i djelovanje zatvarajućeg elementa. Šarnirske trake 20,20' time stvaraju odgovarajuće noseći okvir odnosno skelet zatvarajućeg elementa koji preuzima sve sile koje se javljaju kod pomicanja podiznih vrata. Zbog stalne mehaničke povezanosti šarnirskih traka 20,20' sile koje se pojavljuju preuzimaju trake šarnira, te se ne prenose na lamele 14. Zbog prenošenja i podijele nastupajućih sila na člankovitu, neprekinutu, ali ipak na rastezanje čvrstu traku, i kod izvanredno brzog pomicanja podiznih vrata postižemo jednakomjeran i miran tok pomicanja. Lamellas up to 150 mm high are completely independent of each other and individually located on hinged strips 20,20', so if one lamella is missing, it has no effect on the mechanical stability and operation of the closing element. Hinged strips 20, 20' thereby create an appropriate supporting frame, or skeleton of the closing element, which takes over all the forces that occur when the lifting door is moved. Due to the constant mechanical connection of the hinge strips 20,20', the forces that appear are taken over by the hinge strips, and are not transmitted to the slats 14. Due to the transmission and distribution of the occurring forces to the articulated, unbroken, but nevertheless tensile-tight strip, and during extremely fast movement of the lifting the door achieves an even and smooth flow of movement.
Kako su zbog osiguranja prostora za šarnirske čepove pojedine lamele 14 najprije sa određenom međusobnom razdaljinom smještene na trakama šarnira 20,20', susjedne se lamele 14 i u zatvorenom položaju zatvarajućeg elementa međusobno ne dotiču, stoga kod zatvaranja vrata sasvim otpadne kloparanje kakvo je poznato kod običnih, od odsječaka sastavljenih vrata. Since, in order to ensure space for the hinge plugs, the individual slats 14 are first placed at a certain distance from each other on the hinge strips 20,20', the adjacent slats 14 do not touch each other even in the closed position of the closing element, so when the door is closed, the rattling sound that is known in ordinary doors is completely eliminated. , from sections of assembled doors.
Zbog povećanja mehaničke stabilnosti lamelnog oklopa i poboljšanja brtvljenja, a da kod toga ne bi pogoršali osobine predloženog zatvarajućeg elementa glede manje buke, predviđene su letve za brtvljenje 42 u obliku gumastih letava, koje su približno preko cjelokupne širine vrata raspoređene između šarnirskih traka 20 i 20' te povezuju jednu drugoj nasuprot ležeće strane susjednih lamela 14. Svaka letva za brtvljenje 42 raspoređena je u istoj osi sa osovinom članaka 36, tako da su letve za brtvljenje 42 kod kutnog postavljanja lamelnog oklopa 12 u (neprikazanom) vodećem području van otvora pojedinačno opterećene na savijanje. Svaka letva za brtvljenje na svojim nasuprot ležećim stranama ima kvrge ili odebljanja 44, koja dosižu u odgovarajuće oblikovane utore 46 lamela 14. Kao što je najbolje vidljivo na osnovu povećanog izreza po sl.2A, svako odebljanje sadrži potpornu površinu 43 koja je raspoređena nasuprot odgovarajućoj površini za držanje 45 lamele 14. Razdaljina između potporne površine 43 i svaki puta pripadajućom površinom za držanje 45 lamele 14 je obzirom na zahtjeve slobodne i nesmetane ugradnje sa umetanjem letava za brtvljenje 42 sa odebljanjem 44 od strane u utor 46 - tim manja, tako da tlačna opterećenja zatvarajućeg elementa koja u datom se primjeru pojave u zatvorenom stanju zatvarajućeg elementa, dovedu do toga da se letva za brtvljenje 42 okrene na stranu, te je nakon pojave doticanja potporne površine 43 i površine za držanje 45 letva za brtvljenje 42 između obje lamele opterećena na vlak. Kod još manjih kutnih premještanja spomenuta lamela iz ravnine vrata tj. dok se potporna površina 43 ne dotiče nasuprot ležećoj površini za držanje 45, letva za brtvljenje 42 između obje susjedne lamele je samo opterećena na savijanje, što dovodi do odgovarajućih sila reakcije. Zato, da bi kod malih kutnih premještanja što prije postigli zatezno opterećenje letve za brtvljenje, izaberemo minimalnu udaljenost između potporne ploče 43 i pripadajuće površine za držanje, sa tim tlačnim opterećenjima koja se pojavljuju u zatvarajućem elementu, sa na početku direktno opterećenom letvom za brtvljenje 42, se prenesu još i na susjedne letve za brtvljenje i tamo se poradijele. Kod tlačnog opterećenja se zatvarajući element po izumu sa tim uvijek ponaša kao homogena ravna ploča, iako se dozvoljava i okretanje, odnosno navijanje uz manje sile. Kod toga letve za brtvljenje 42 prouzroče jako povećanje mehaničke stabilnosti zatvarajućeg elementa, tako da se cjelokupni zatvarajući element u zatvorenom položaju bez daljnjeg može odupirati visokim opterećenjima zbog vjetra ili čega drugoga. Samo se po sebi razumije, da zatvarajući element po izumu pruža i dovoljnu sigurnost protiv nepoželjnog otvaranja, tako da je zatvarajući element po izumu potrebno promatrati kao trajni zatvarač otvora. In order to increase the mechanical stability of the lamellar armor and improve the sealing, without worsening the properties of the proposed closing element in terms of less noise, sealing strips 42 in the form of rubber strips are provided, which are arranged approximately over the entire width of the door between the hinge strips 20 and 20 ' and connect each other opposite the lying side of the adjacent lamellas 14. Each sealing slat 42 is arranged in the same axis as the axis of the articles 36, so that the sealing slats 42 are individually loaded when the lamellar armor 12 is placed at an angle in the (not shown) leading region outside the opening on bending. Each sealing strip has on its opposite sides, bumps or thickenings 44, which reach into correspondingly shaped grooves 46 of the lamellae 14. As best seen from the enlarged cut-away of Fig. 2A, each thickening contains a support surface 43 which is arranged opposite the corresponding to the holding surface 45 of the lamella 14. The distance between the support surface 43 and each time the associated holding surface 45 of the lamella 14 is due to the requirements of free and unhindered installation with the insertion of the sealing battens 42 with the thickening 44 from the side into the groove 46 - the smaller, so that the compressive loads of the closing element, which in the given example appear in the closed state of the closing element, cause the sealing bar 42 to turn to the side, and after the occurrence of contact between the support surface 43 and the holding surface 45, the sealing bar 42 between both lamellae is loaded to the train. At even smaller angular displacements of said lamella from the plane of the door, i.e. until the support surface 43 touches against the lying holding surface 45, the sealing strip 42 between both adjacent lamellas is only loaded in bending, which leads to corresponding reaction forces. Therefore, in order to achieve the tensile load of the sealing strip as soon as possible with small angular displacements, we choose the minimum distance between the support plate 43 and the corresponding holding surface, with those compressive loads that appear in the closing element, with the sealing strip 42 directly loaded at the beginning , are also transferred to the adjacent sealing strips and are distributed there. In case of pressure load, the closing element according to the invention always behaves like a homogeneous flat plate, although it is also allowed to turn, i.e. roll with less force. Here, the sealing slats 42 cause a strong increase in the mechanical stability of the closing element, so that the entire closing element in the closed position can easily withstand high loads due to wind or otherwise. It goes without saying that the closing element according to the invention also provides sufficient security against unwanted opening, so that the closing element according to the invention should be considered as a permanent closure of the opening.
Kod osiguranja protiv izvlačenja zatvarajućeg elementa 12 kod slučajne pojave još većih tlačnih sila, na obje suprotne strane zatvarajućeg elementa su raspoređene veze za držanje 27,27' koje su u prikazanom izvedbenom primjeru izvedene kao vanjski koluti promjera, koji je veći od promjera koturača 26,26'. Veze za držanje 27,27' su tako raspoređene na maloj (na skici nisu detaljnije prikazane) udaljenosti od susjednih potpornih površina vodećih štapova 28,30, da se tek kod vrlo jakog savijanja lamele 14 zbog opterećenja oslone na vanjsku stranu vodećih štapova 28,30 tako da se zatvarajući element kod srazmjerno malih tlačnih opterećenja lako upravlja i pomiče. Zbog opisane dobre podijele sila preko letava za brtvljenje 42 u ravnini vrata je i kod opterećenja u točkama spriječeno, da bi se veze za držanje 27,27' opterećene lamele 14 zbog njezinog jakog savijanja prije vremena otvorile, a time i kočile pomicanje zatvarajućeg elementa. In order to ensure against the pulling out of the closing element 12 in the event of the accidental occurrence of even greater pressure forces, on both opposite sides of the closing element are arranged holding links 27, 27', which in the illustrated embodiment are made as outer rings with a diameter greater than the diameter of the roller 26. 26'. The holding links 27, 27' are arranged at a small (not shown in detail in the sketch) distance from the adjacent support surfaces of the guide rods 28, 30, so that only when the lamella 14 is very strongly bent due to the load, they rest on the outside of the guide rods 28, 30 so that the closing element can be easily controlled and moved at relatively low pressure loads. Due to the described good distribution of forces over the sealing slats 42 in the plane of the door, it is prevented, even with point loads, that the connections for holding 27,27' of the loaded lamella 14 would open prematurely due to its strong bending, and thus brake the movement of the closing element.
Kod primjera izvedbe koji je prikazan na sl.2, svaka lamela 14 sadrži nastavak za brtvljenje 48, koji izviruje na vanjskoj strani 38 ravnine vrata, te pomoću kojeg se umanji udaljenost do susjedne lamele. Na osnovu nastavka za brtvljenje 48 gumena letva 42 u zatvorenom položaju nije više vidljiva. Gumena letva 42 je tada vidljiva još samo sa unutarnje strane (vidi pogled od pozadi po sl.1). Istovremeno je na osnovu izvedbe nastavka za brtvljenje 48, koja je prikazana na sl.2 dobijen ljepši izgled lamelnog oklopa 12 u obliku ravnomjernije glatke površine. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, each lamella 14 contains a sealing extension 48, which projects on the outer side 38 of the plane of the door, and by means of which the distance to the adjacent lamella is reduced. On the basis of the sealing attachment 48, the rubber bar 42 is no longer visible in the closed position. The rubber batten 42 is then visible only from the inside (see rear view in Fig. 1). At the same time, on the basis of the performance of the sealing attachment 48, which is shown in Fig. 2, a more beautiful appearance of the lamellar armor 12 was obtained in the form of a more even and smooth surface.
Za brtvljenje zatvarajućeg elementa sa strane poda je po sl.1 i 2 predviđen zaključak 54, npr. od gume, koji je pričvršćen na najdonjoj lameli. For sealing the closing element on the side of the floor, according to Fig. 1 and 2, a conclusion 54, for example made of rubber, is provided, which is attached to the lowest lamella.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4015216A DE4015216A1 (en) | 1990-05-11 | 1990-05-11 | CLOSING ELEMENT |
| YU99191 | 1991-05-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| HRP930469A2 true HRP930469A2 (en) | 1995-12-31 |
Family
ID=25893119
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| HR930469A HRP930469A2 (en) | 1990-05-11 | 1993-03-23 | Closure for an aperture |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| HR (1) | HRP930469A2 (en) |
| SI (1) | SI9110991B (en) |
-
1991
- 1991-05-13 SI SI9110991A patent/SI9110991B/en unknown
-
1993
- 1993-03-23 HR HR930469A patent/HRP930469A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SI9110991A (en) | 1997-08-31 |
| SI9110991B (en) | 1999-08-31 |
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| A1OB | Publication of a patent application | ||
| ODBC | Application rejected |