HRP20240515T1 - Plutajuća platforma za vjetroturbine velike snage - Google Patents

Plutajuća platforma za vjetroturbine velike snage Download PDF

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HRP20240515T1
HRP20240515T1 HRP20240515TT HRP20240515T HRP20240515T1 HR P20240515 T1 HRP20240515 T1 HR P20240515T1 HR P20240515T T HRP20240515T T HR P20240515TT HR P20240515 T HRP20240515 T HR P20240515T HR P20240515 T1 HRP20240515 T1 HR P20240515T1
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cylinders
platform
metal
pontoon
beams
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HRP20240515TT
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Miguel Vazquez Romero
Noelia GONZALEZ PATIÑO
Elena Martin Diaz
Alejandro PEREZ CALDENTEY
José María ORTOLANO GONZALEZ
Raúl GUANCHE GARCIA
Victor AYLLON MARTINEZ
Francisco BALLESTER MUÑOZ
Jokin Rico Arenal
Marcos CEREZO LAZA
Iñigo Javier LOSADA RODRÍGUEZ
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Dragados, S.A.
Fhecor Ingenieros Consultores, S.A.
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/107—Semi-submersibles; Small waterline area multiple hull vessels and the like, e.g. SWATH
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B5/00—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material
    • B63B5/14—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B5/00—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material
    • B63B5/14—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced
    • B63B5/18—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced built-up from elements
    • B63B5/20—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced built-up from elements in combination with elements of other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B75/00—Building or assembling floating offshore structures, e.g. semi-submersible platforms, SPAR platforms or wind turbine platforms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B77/00—Transporting or installing offshore structures on site using buoyancy forces, e.g. using semi-submersible barges, ballasting the structure or transporting of oil-and-gas platforms
    • B63B77/10—Transporting or installing offshore structures on site using buoyancy forces, e.g. using semi-submersible barges, ballasting the structure or transporting of oil-and-gas platforms specially adapted for electric power plants, e.g. wind turbines or tidal turbine generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B1/125—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising more than two hulls
    • B63B2001/126—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising more than two hulls comprising more than three hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B2001/128—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising underwater connectors between the hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/442—Spar-type semi-submersible structures, i.e. shaped as single slender, e.g. substantially cylindrical or trussed vertical bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
    • B63B39/06—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water
    • B63B2039/067—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water effecting motion dampening by means of fixed or movable resistance bodies, e.g. by bilge keels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Claims (12)

1. Plutajuća platforma za vjetroturbine velike snage, tipa koji uključuje otpornu podlogu (11), koja ima konop za privez na svakom kutu pomoću kojeg je usidrena za morsko dno, održavajući se u polu-potopljenom položaju, na podlozi (11) od koje su konstruirani središnji cilindar (21) i najmanje četiri vanjska cilindra (2), svi izrađeni od armiranog betona, čiji se središnji cilindar (21) proteže okomito u tornju vjetroturbine (15), naznačena time što sadrži: - betonsku podkonstrukciju (1) koja čini bazu platforme, i sastoji se od: ◦ četvrtaste donje ploče (11) koja tvori bazu platforme; ◦ niza greda (3, 31) koje daju strukturnu krutost ploči (11), pričvršćene su na i iznad iste, u isto vrijeme kada podupiru cilindre (2, 21) odozdo, ostajući ugrađene u njih; ◦ pet šupljih armiranobetonskih cilindara (2, 21) raspoređenih po uglovima i središtu donje ploče (1), izvedenih klizanjem s ploče (11), nakon što je izvedena i čvrsto spojena u jedno tijelo s navedenom pločom (11) i s gredama (3, 31) koje ih spajaju; i - metalnu gornju konstrukciju (4) koja podupire betonsku podkonstrukciju (1) i čini osnovu za spajanje sa tornjem vjetroturbine, spojenu u središtu istog, i sastoji se od: ◦ metalnih poklopaca (5, 51) koji pokrivaju svaki od perifernih cilindara (21) i središnji cilindar (21); ◦ vertikalnih stupova (6, 61) koji izlaze iz poklopaca (5, 51) smještenih na cilindrima (2, 21), koji ostaju međusobno povezani pomoću greda (7, 71); i ◦ odgovarajućih sustava greda (7, 71) koji spajaju, s jedne strane, okomite stupove (6) četiri vanjska cilindra (2) jedan s drugim, i, s druge strane, dijagonalno spajaju svaki stup (6) na središnji stup (61) i središnji metalni element (8), na kojem je pričvršćena baza (9) tornja vjetroturbine, prenoseći opterećenje s baze (9) na svaki od četiri stupa (6), pri čemu te radijalne grede (71) ostaju ugrađene.
2. Plutajuća platforma, prema zahtjevu 1, naznačena time što vanjski cilindri (2) sadrže varijabilne količine tekućeg balasta (vode) i/ili volumen krutog balasta, kako bi se platformi omogućilo plutanje i pomorska stabilnost, dok središnji cilindar (21) sadrži sustav za pumpanje balastne vode u vanjske cilindre (2).
3. Plutajuća platforma, prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačena time što donja ploča (11) ima četiri eliptične rupe (16) u području koje postoji između dva uzastopna obodna cilindra (2), izračunato tako da je sam period titranja u uzdignuću platforme u cjelini veći od 18 sekundi, čime se odmiče od uobičajenih perioda valova, kako bi se spriječilo rezoniranje platforme s valovima.
4. Plutajuća platforma, prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačena time što grede koje osiguravaju strukturnu krutost baze (1), koje su radijalno postavljene (31) spajaju vanjske cilindre (2) sa središnjim cilindrom (21) i periferno (3) međusobno spajaju vanjske cilindre (2) u središtu svojih baza, šuplji su i proizvedeni su kao monolitni s pločom (11), izrađenom od betona pred-napetog na suho pomoću vodoravnih elemenata, s kvadratnim ili pravokutnim poprečnim presjekom, i ugrađuju se u cilindre (2, 21) u njihovoj kasnijoj proizvodnji.
5. Plutajuća platforma, prema zahtjevu 4, naznačena time što donje šuplje grede (3, 31) prihvaćaju niz cijevi koje prolaze kroz njihovu unutrašnjost povezujući vanjske cilindre (2) s središnji cilindar (21), koji u sebi sadrži sklop za pumpanje balastne vode u vanjske cilindre (2).
6. Plutajuća platforma, prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačena time što metalni poklopci (5) koji prekrivaju svaki od perifernih cilindara (2) i središnji cilindar (21) imaju kružne prirubnice (52) u svom donjem dijelu koje su usidrene na cilindre pomoću sidrenih vijaka i iznutra ima radijalni sustav ukrućenja (53) zavaren na ploču gornjeg metalnog poklopca (54) na koji je pričvršćen odgovarajući vertikalni stup (6, 61).
7. Plutajuća platforma, prema zahtjevu 6, naznačena time što je metalni stup (61) koji se nalazi iznad središnjeg cilindra (21) okrunjen metalnim limom s radijalnim ukrućenjima, koji oblikuje element (8) istog promjera kao baza (9) tornja vjetroturbine, koja služi za spajanje gornjeg sustava ukrućenja koji se sastoji od obodnih greda (7), radijalnih greda (71) i središnjeg vertikalnog stupa (61) putem ugradnje.
8. Plutajuća platforma, prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačena time što metalni stup (61) koji se nalazi iznad središnjeg cilindra (21) ima manji promjer od ostatka perifernih stupova (6), prenoseći opterećenja savijanja izravno na bočne cilindre (2), tako da središnji cilindar (21) prima samo tlačna opterećenja, sklop nadgradnje (4) se u tom smislu ponaša kao stožerni zglob.
9. Plutajuća platforma, prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačena time što bočni cilindri (2) imaju cilindričnu metalnu strukturu, koja ostaje pričvršćena na njihovu unutrašnjost i koja sprječava, u slučaju slučajnog udara u čamac, nekontrolirani dotok vode u pripadajući cilindar (2).
10. Metoda konstrukcije plutajuće platforme za vjetroturbine velike snage prema prethodnim zahtjevima, koja sadrži sljedeće korake konstrukcije: a) pred-montažu armature ploče i njezino postavljanje u potopni ponton, dimenzija nešto većih od navedene ploče, te postavljanje oplate ploče i betoniranje iste; b) izvedbu donjih betonskih greda (3, 31) horizontalnim pred-naprezanjem koje se izvodi kao suho; c) postavljanje kliznih oplata u sredini i na uglovima, pri čemu su cilindri (2, 21) betonirani do srednje visine, iznad flotacijske linije platforme; d) potapanje podvodnog pontona radi porinuća podkonstrukcije (1) u ovom djelomično izrađenom stanju, ispod gaza plutajuće platforme, pri čemu se odvaja od pontona i skida s njega povlačenjem pomoću tegljača, kako bi se premjestio u drugo susjedno proizvodno područje; e) nastavak procesa betoniranja dok se cijela visina cilindara (2, 21) ne završi s istim sustavom oplate koji je bio korišten ranije; f) postavljanje metalnih elemenata koji čine gornje poklopce (5, 51) cilindara (2, 21) pomoću kopnene dizalice smještene na pristaništu i njegovo pričvršćivanje pomoću sidrenih vijaka koji ih čvrsto spajaju sa stijenkama cilindara; g) prijenos platforme u drugi proizvodni prostor plutajući izvlačenjem iz tegljača; h) balastiranje platforme uvođenjem morske vode u četiri vanjska cilindra (2) dok se djelomično izgrađena platforma ne osloni na morsko dno pristaništa u ovom području; i) ugradnju ostatka metalne gornje konstrukcije (4) i izvođenje zavarivanja potrebnih za spajanje dvije već ugrađene konstrukcije dijelova nadgradnje; j) ugradnju tornja, gondole, rotora i lopatica vjetroturbine pomoću kopnene dizalice smještene na pristaništu, dok se de-balastiranje cilindara postupno provodi tako da, nakon što je proces montaže završen, platforma ostaje plutati, potpuno izgrađena i spremna za tegljenje do mjesta postavljanja u dubokoj vodi.
11. Metoda prema zahtjevu 10, naznačena time što je razvijena u tvornici pristaništa koja uključuje četiri područja koja čine industrijsku proizvodnu liniju, od kojih svaka sadrži: a) prethodni prostor, u kojem je postavljen pomoćni ponton, tlocrtno nešto većih dimenzija od ploče (11) platforme, u kojem se vrši pred-montaža armature ploče; b) prvo područje, gdje je postavljen potopni ponton dimenzija nešto većih od onih pomoćnog pontona koji podupire armaturu ploče, na koji se provlači armatura ploče (11) kao cjelina, ostavljajući je prethodno obješenu i odvojenu od pomoćnog pontona, da bi se isti skinuo i zamijenio glavnim pontonom, na koji se konačno odlaže armatura, spremna da se pristupi postavljanju oplate ploče i betoniranju istih i cilindara (2, 21) do srednje visine, sve to dok se potopni ponton spušta, održavajući područje betoniranja cijelo vrijeme iznad razine vode; c) drugo područje, na koje se platforma prenosi nakon što je potopljeni ponton koji ju je u potpunosti podupirao, sve dok platforma ne ostane plutati, zatim se vuče u ovo proizvodno područje, gdje platforma u izgradnji ostaje plutati i postupno se potapa kako se nastavlja betoniranje cilindara i postavljanje metalnih elemenata koji čine njihove gornje poklopce (5, 51); i d) treće područje, na koje se platforma prenosi plutanjem i izvlačenjem iz tegljača, pri čemu je morsko dno izravnano i ima takav gaz da pri balastiranju platforma ostaje oslonjena na morsko dno u polu-potopljenom položaju, u dogovoru da se zatim ugradi ostatak metalne nadgradnje (4), toranj, gondola, rotor i lopatice vjetroturbine pomoću kopnene dizalice smještene na pristaništu, dok se postupno odvija de-balastiranje cilindara tako da, nakon što je proces sastavljanja završen, platforma ostaje plutati, potpuno izgrađena i spremna za tegljenje do mjesta postavljanja u dubokoj vodi.
12. Metoda prema zahtjevima 10 i 11, naznačena time što se faza ugradnje ostatka metalne nadgradnje (4) na poklopce (5, 51) cilindara (2, 21) izvodi na pontonu kao katamaran, pri čemu je navedena nadgradnja instalirana na samom proizvodnom pristaništu, nakon što je sastavljena na kopnu, ostavljajući je oslonjena pomoću dizalica na katamaranu; kako bi se katamaran zatim postavio u područje u kojem se nalazi djelomično sastavljena platforma, čineći ga djelomično prolaskom kroz prostor koji postoji između cilindara (2) i, nakon što se postavi iznad potkonstrukcije (1) na njenom konačnom mjestu pričvršćivanja, nastavlja za spuštanje dizalica dok ne ostane instaliran na njima.
HRP20240515TT 2018-12-28 2018-12-28 Plutajuća platforma za vjetroturbine velike snage HRP20240515T1 (hr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18944917.6A EP3904674B1 (en) 2018-12-28 2018-12-28 Floating platform for high-power wind turbines
PCT/ES2018/070839 WO2020136288A1 (es) 2018-12-28 2018-12-28 Plataforma flotante para aerogeneradores de gran potencia

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US (1) US11920559B2 (hr)
EP (1) EP3904674B1 (hr)
CA (1) CA3125245A1 (hr)
ES (1) ES2977128T3 (hr)
HR (1) HRP20240515T1 (hr)
MX (1) MX2021007820A (hr)
PL (1) PL3904674T3 (hr)
WO (1) WO2020136288A1 (hr)

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