HRP20170732T1 - Method and apparatus for gasifying solid fuels - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for gasifying solid fuels Download PDF

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Publication number
HRP20170732T1
HRP20170732T1 HRP20170732TT HRP20170732T HRP20170732T1 HR P20170732 T1 HRP20170732 T1 HR P20170732T1 HR P20170732T T HRP20170732T T HR P20170732TT HR P20170732 T HRP20170732 T HR P20170732T HR P20170732 T1 HRP20170732 T1 HR P20170732T1
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HR
Croatia
Prior art keywords
reactor
fixed
reactor chamber
gasification agent
flow
Prior art date
Application number
HRP20170732TT
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Croatian (hr)
Inventor
Walter Sailer
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Walter Sailer
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Publication of HRP20170732T1 publication Critical patent/HRP20170732T1/en

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/30Fuel charging devices
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20Apparatus; Plants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
    • C10J3/26Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/34Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/40Movable grates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60Processes
    • C10J3/64Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
    • C10J3/66Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/725Redox processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/09Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/156Sluices, e.g. mechanical sluices for preventing escape of gas through the feed inlet
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916Biomass
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1807Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Uređaj za prevođenje čvrstih goriva, posebno biomase, u plinovito stanje, u obliku plinifikatora učvršćenog na podlozi s autotermalnim paralelnim protokom koji radi u vakuumu, ima učvršćeni reaktor koji ima reaktorsku komoru (2) koja ima gornj dio (2a) kao zonu oksidacije i donji dio (2b) kao zonu redukcije, gdje su prisutne injektorske sapnice difuzora (5) za injektiranje plinifikacijskog agensa (4), koje su postavljene između gornjeg dijela (2a) i donjeg dijela (2b) u središnjem području komore reaktora (2) i koji ima najmanje jedan gornji izlazni otvor u gornjem dijelu, koji je povezan s najmanje jednim povratnim otvorom za unos (22) u središnjem dijelu komore reaktora (2), pri čemu injektorske sapnice difuzora (5) za injektiranje plinifikacijskog agensa vode do najmanje jednog povratnog otvora za unos (22), i prisutan je najmanje jedan donji izlazni otvor u donjem dijelu, karakteriziran na način da je najmanje jedan gornji izlazni otvor povezan s najmanje jednim povratnim otvorom za unos (22) u središnjem dijelu komore reaktora (2) putem unutarnjih vertikalnih postraničnih kanala u reaktoru s učvršćenim postoljem; a gornji izlazni otvor je povezan isključivo s najmanje jednim otvorom za povratni unos (22).1. A device for converting solid fuels, especially biomass, into a gaseous state, in the form of a gasifier fixed on a base with autothermal parallel flow operating in a vacuum, has a fixed reactor that has a reactor chamber (2) that has an upper part (2a) as an oxidation zone and the lower part (2b) as a reduction zone, where there are injector nozzles of the diffuser (5) for injecting the gasification agent (4), which are placed between the upper part (2a) and the lower part (2b) in the central area of the reactor chamber (2) and having at least one upper outlet opening in the upper part, which is connected to at least one return inlet opening (22) in the central part of the reactor chamber (2), wherein the injector nozzles of the diffuser (5) for injecting the gasification agent lead to at least one inlet return opening (22), and at least one lower exit opening is present in the lower part, characterized in such a way that at least one upper exit opening is connected to at least one return opening m for intake (22) in the central part of the reactor chamber (2) through internal vertical side channels in the reactor with a fixed base; and the upper outlet is connected exclusively to at least one return inlet (22). 2. Uređaj u skladu s patentnim zahtjevom 1, karakteriziran na način da su injektorske sapnice difuzora (5) postavljene tako da budu jednoliko raspoređene oko periferije komore reaktora u obliku prstena sapnica.2. Device according to patent claim 1, characterized in that the injector nozzles of the diffuser (5) are placed so that they are uniformly distributed around the periphery of the reactor chamber in the form of a ring of nozzles. 3. Uređaj u skladu s bilo kojim od patentnih zahtjeva 1 ili 2, karakteriziran na način da je donji dio komore reaktora poželjno oblikovan kao oktogonalno rešetkasto dno (3).3. Device according to any one of patent claims 1 or 2, characterized in such a way that the lower part of the reactor chamber is preferably shaped as an octagonal grid bottom (3). 4. Uređaj u skladu s bilo kojim od patentnih zahtjeva 1 ili 3, karakteriziran na način da je gornji izlazni otvor povezan s najmanje jednim povratnim otvorom za unos (22) putem postraničnih kanala (6) koji su postavljeni unutar cilindrične čelične ploče kućišta i izvan vatrootporne obloge od cigle (9).4. A device according to any one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that the upper outlet opening is connected to at least one return inlet opening (22) via side channels (6) which are placed inside the cylindrical steel plate of the housing and outside fire-resistant brick linings (9). 5. Uređaj u skladu s bilo kojim od patentnih zahtjeva 1 ili 4, karakteriziran na način da je tobogan za pepeo (13) koji prima čvrste ostatke postavljen ispod rešetkastog dna (3), navedeni izlaz pepela je povezan sa za plin neprobojnom psudom za pepeo (20) putem prijenosne trake za pepeo (18).5. Device according to any one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that an ash chute (13) receiving solid residues is placed under the grid bottom (3), said ash outlet is connected to a gas-tight ash tray (20) via the ash transfer belt (18). 6. Uređaj u skladu s bilo kojim od patentnih zahtjeva 1 ili 5, karakteriziran na način da se opskrba komore reaktora (2) gorivom događa putem dvostrukog ulaznog ventila (10).6. Device according to any one of patent claims 1 or 5, characterized in such a way that the supply of fuel to the reactor chamber (2) occurs via a double inlet valve (10). 7. Uređaj u skladu s bilo kojim od patentnih zahtjeva 1 ili 6, karakteriziran na način da je obloga od cigle (9) komore reaktora (2) oblikovana kao usko grlo.7. A device according to any one of claims 1 or 6, characterized in that the brick lining (9) of the reactor chamber (2) is shaped as a bottleneck. 8. Metoda za prevođenje čvrstih goriva, posebno biomase, u plinovito stanje, u obliku plinifikatora učvršćenog na podlozi s autotermalnim paralelnim protokom koji radi u vakuumu u skladu s bilo kojim od patentnih zahtjeva 1-7, kod koje se plinifikacijski agens, poželjno zrak, injektira u središnji dio komore reaktora (2) kod reaktora učvršćenog postolja i kod koje je prvi dio protoka injektiranog plina usmjeren prema gore u suprotnom protoku i uklonjen iz učvršćenog reaktora kao pirolitički plin (7) i kod koje je drugi djelomični protok injektiranog plina usmjeren prema dolje u paralelnom protoku i uklanja se iz učvršćenog reaktora, karakterizirana na način da je prvi djelomični protok (7) usmjeren prema dolje u učvršćenom reaktoru izvan reakcijske komore (2) putem vertikalnih postraničnih kanala i ponovo se uvodi u komoru reaktora (2) zajedno s plinifikacijskim agensom (4), pri čemu se prvi djelomični protok vraća u učvršćeni reaktor učinkom injektiranja plinifikacijskog agensa (4) i pri čemu injektorske sapnice difuzora omogućuju neprekidnu, unutarnju cirkulaciju protoka plinova u reaktoru usisavanjem, miješanjem i injektiranjem medija.8. A method for converting solid fuels, especially biomass, into a gaseous state, in the form of a gasifier fixed on a support with autothermal parallel flow operating in a vacuum in accordance with any of patent claims 1-7, in which the gasification agent, preferably air, injects into the central part of the reactor chamber (2) in case of a fixed pedestal reactor and in which the first part of the injected gas flow is directed upwards in the opposite flow and is removed from the fixed reactor as pyrolytic gas (7) and in which the second partial flow of the injected gas is directed towards down in parallel flow and removed from the fixed reactor, characterized in that the first partial flow (7) is directed downwards in the fixed reactor outside the reaction chamber (2) via vertical side channels and is reintroduced into the reactor chamber (2) together with gasification agent (4), whereby the first partial flow is returned to the solidified reactor by the effect of gasification agent injection (4) and whereby the injector nozzles of the diffuser enable continuous, internal circulation of the flow of gases in the reactor by suction, mixing and injection of the medium. 9. Metoda u skladu s patentnim zahtjevom 8, karakterizirana na način da je pirolitički plin (7) iz prvog djelomičnog protoka potpuno vraćen u učvršćeni reaktor.9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the pyrolytic gas (7) from the first partial flow is completely returned to the fixed reactor. 10. Metoda u skladu s bilo kojim od patentnih zahtjeva 8 ili 9, karakterizirana na način da se plinifikacijski agens (4) zagrijava prije injektiranja u učvršćeni reaktor.10. The method according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the gasification agent (4) is heated before being injected into the fixed reactor.
HRP20170732TT 2009-08-07 2017-05-16 Method and apparatus for gasifying solid fuels HRP20170732T1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09167484.6A EP2281864B1 (en) 2009-08-07 2009-08-07 Method and apparatus for gasifying solid fuels

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HRP20170732T1 true HRP20170732T1 (en) 2017-07-28

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EP (1) EP2281864B1 (en)
DE (1) DE202009012833U1 (en)
DK (1) DK2281864T3 (en)
HR (1) HRP20170732T1 (en)
HU (1) HUE034286T2 (en)
LT (1) LT2281864T (en)
PL (1) PL2281864T3 (en)
SI (1) SI2281864T1 (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2542319C2 (en) 2010-02-16 2015-02-20 Биг Дачман Интернэшнл Гмбх Device for gasification and method of gasification
DE202011004328U1 (en) 2011-03-22 2012-06-25 Big Dutchman International Gmbh Manhole carburetor for operation in substoichiometric oxidation
CN102530863B (en) * 2011-12-17 2013-08-14 湖北宜化化工股份有限公司 Device and method for sectionally and regionally preparing synthetic ammonia syngas in intermittent static bed
DE102011121992B4 (en) * 2011-12-22 2015-02-19 Josef Wagner Thermochemical wood gasification plant with fixed bed reactor with double ascending countercurrent gasification, gas purification, gas supply, pollutant utilization and pollutant disposal for continuous operation with gas piston engines and gas turbines
CN103666570B (en) * 2012-09-20 2016-07-20 广州薪光合环保技术有限公司 From drying type biomass gasification system
CN103666569B (en) * 2012-09-20 2016-09-07 广州薪光合环保技术有限公司 Biomass gasification system
KR102233960B1 (en) * 2020-11-25 2021-03-30 (주)이씨티 apparatus for removing ash of gasification system for biomass
AT526206A1 (en) * 2022-06-08 2023-12-15 Gs Gruber Schmidt Gmbh Device for a gasification system that can also be operated as a pyrolysis system

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DE636763C (en) * 1932-10-04 1936-10-15 Bohumil Fleiser Gas generator for bituminous fuels with a downward draft
US4306506A (en) 1980-06-02 1981-12-22 Energy Recovery Research Group, Inc. Gasification apparatus
DE9411856U1 (en) 1994-07-22 1994-09-22 Viesel Manfred Wood gas generator
DE19718184C2 (en) * 1997-04-30 2003-05-28 Inst En Und Umwelttechnik E V Device for the energetic use of fuels, in particular biofuels
DE10258640A1 (en) 2002-12-13 2004-06-24 Björn Dipl.-Ing. Kuntze Production of fuel gas from solid fuels involves gasification and partial gasification in fixed bed in first stage, using air to split gas into two partial streams
GR1005536B (en) * 2006-03-07 2007-06-07 Λαμπρος Ελευσινιωτης Two-stage combined cocurrent-countercurrent gasifier
WO2008107727A2 (en) 2007-03-06 2008-09-12 Lampros Elefsiniotis Three-stage gasifier, fixed bed, which has buffer zone of gaseous flow between pyrolysis zone and combustion zone

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Publication number Publication date
EP2281864B1 (en) 2017-03-01
PL2281864T3 (en) 2017-09-29
DE202009012833U1 (en) 2010-01-21
DK2281864T3 (en) 2017-06-19
LT2281864T (en) 2017-07-25
EP2281864A1 (en) 2011-02-09
HUE034286T2 (en) 2018-02-28
SI2281864T1 (en) 2017-08-31

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