HRP20120668T1 - Method and device for discontinuous hydrolysis of organic substrates - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for discontinuous hydrolysis of organic substrates, especially energy crops, as well as vegetable or animal waste, comprising a pre-adaptation tank (1) for receiving solid and / or liquid organic substances, and a supply device (15) for filling hydrolyzers (8) substrates from said pre-adaptation tank (1), and further a discharge device (20) with an expansion tank (12) for releasing the pressure of the substrate after treatment in said hydrolyzer (8), characterized in that the discharge device (20) comprises and a steam separator (10) arranged previously from the expansion tank (12) and lower in order from the pressure shield (9), where a device for direct exposure of the introduced organic substrates to superheated steam from said steam separator (10) is arranged. The patent contains 15 more patent claims.

Claims (16)

1. Device for discontinuous hydrolysis of organic substrates, esp energy crops, as well as plant or animal waste, which includes a pre-adapted container (1) for accepting solid and/or liquid organic substances, and a supply device (15) for filling the hydrolyzer (8) with substrates from the aforementioned pre-adapted container (1) ), and further a release device (20) with an expansion tank (12) for releasing the pressure of the substrate after processing in the aforementioned hydrolyzer (8), characterized by the fact that the release device (20) contains a steam separator (10) arranged in advance of the expansion tank (12) ) and lower in order than the pressure shield (9), where a device is placed for direct exposure of introduced organic substrates to superheated steam from the mentioned steam separator (10). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the steam separator (10) is shaped like a cyclone (10) and supplies a steam distribution unit (3), for example a sprayer, which is placed directly in a pre-adapted container (1) for organic substrates. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the expansion pipe (11) coming out of the steam separator (10) passes through the pre-adaptive tank (1) and is designed to transfer contact waste heat exchange into the contents of said pre- of the adapter tank (1). 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the vapor separator (10) is placed directly above the pre-adaptive container (1) and in that the expansion pipe (11) extends mostly vertically inside the pre-adaptive container (1) and has an approximate the volume of one extruded pile from the hydrolyzer (8). 5. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the expansion pipe (11) coming out of the steam separator (10) is directly poured into the expansion tank (12). 6. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the pre-adaptive container (1) is provided with a mixer (2). 7. Device according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the supply device (15) for filling the hydrolyzer (8) has a pressure vessel (5), placed along the supply line with valve control (14) towards the hydrolyzer (8) and an additional connection line with valve control (7) for determining the balance of temperature and pressure with the hydrolyzer (8). 8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the pressure vessel (5) of the supply device (15) is equipped with a sieve assembly (6) that serves to separate water from the introduced substrate from the pre-adaptive container (1). 9. Device according to claim 8, indicated by the fact that a recirculation line (16) is installed for the obtained liquid substrate in the screen assembly (6) which leads to the pre-adjusted tank (1) when it exits the screen assembly (6) in the pressure vessel (5). 10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the recirculation line (16) passes through the heat exchanger (13) installed in the expansion tank (12). 11. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the supply device (15) is equipped with a screw conveyor (22) that extends inside the pre-adaptive container (1) for the transport of surface floating crate (21) with rigid, fibrous components, preferably plant waste which floats on the surface of the tank. 12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the screw conveyor (22) has a sieve assembly (18) for pre-extraction of water from the transported substrate. 13. A device according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the device is part of a biogas plant with a common heat and power plant, where a means (17) is provided for supplying hot exhaust gas from a common heat and power plant for heating the hydrolyzer ( 8). 14. Process for discontinuous hydrolysis of organic substrates, especially energy crops, as well as plant and animal waste, using thermal-pressure hydrolysis (steam explosion), characterized by the fact that superheated steam from substrates treated by thermal-pressure hydrolysis is separated by pressure release immediately after part of the substrate exits the hydrolyzer and is used to heat the introduced organic substrate in the hydrolysis process, whereby superheated steam is blown directly into the organic substrate mixture. 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the introduced superheated steam is used to separate solid, fibrous components from preferably plant waste in such a way that they form a surface floating box. 16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that water is removed from the organic substrate mixture before delivering the substrate to the thermal-pressure hydrolysis process, so that only small amounts of the substrate need to be heated to the temperature required for thermal-pressure hydrolysis.