HRP20110357B1 - Nozzle propulsor with floating admission of gas - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of aspiration propulsors which take the oxidizer from the air and the mass fluid from the surrounding medium, where the acceleration of the fluid in the nozzle increases the volume (expansion) of the freshly compressed and ignited mixture (gas). The invention solves the problems of creating a thrust in the tubular nozzle (1) of identical, or approximately identical cross-section, laminar fluid flow without mixing with the gas in the nozzle, and the possibility of voluntarily selecting the degree of propulsion by controlled flow mass for the required output speed level. The creation of thrust in the tubular nozzle (1) is achieved by the axially variable position of the gas inlet opening (2) which extends linearly along the entire, or approximately the entire width of the nozzle (1). Higher front resistance (pressure, friction, thrust) to the gas expansion in the nozzle (1) is initially achieved by mass, by setting the gas inlet opening 2 near the nozzle outlet (1), and in stationary operation dynamically, by systematic pre-acceleration of the inlet. As the expansion takes place in a single segmental bubble, the passage of the fluid is stationary and without mixing with the gas. the nozzle is performed by the volume increase (expansion) of the compressed and burnt mixture (gas) administered in strokes. The invention solves the problems of creating thrust in a tubular nozzle (1) with identical or nearly identical sections, of a laminar fluid flow without mixing with the nozzle gas, and of the possibility of voluntary selection of propulsion efficiency level by means of a controlled mass flow for the required output speed level. The thrust in the tubular nozzle (1) is achieved by the axial variable position of the gas outlet (2) that extends in the line over the entire, or nearly the entire width of the nozzle (1). Bigger front resistance (pressure, friction, thrust) to gas expansion in the nozzle (1) is at the start achieved by weight, by placing the gas admission port 2 near the exit of the nozzle (1), and during the stationary operation it is achieved dynamically, by systematic inflow pre-acceleration. Since the expansion is performed only in one segment bubble, the passage of fluids is stationary and takes place without mixing with gas.

Description

The field of technology

The invention belongs to the field of aspiration propellants that take the oxidizer from the air, and the mass fluid from the surrounding medium, where the acceleration of the fluid is caused by the increase in volume (expansion) of the tactfully introduced high-pressure gas in the nozzle. The subject of the invention is a new universal propulsor nozzle with low external and internal resistance and a high degree of thermal utilization and propulsion.

Technical problem

The patent solves the following technical problems:

- creating thrust with high-pressure gas in a tubular nozzle of the same or approximately the same cross-section along the entire length

- laminar fluid flow without mixing with gas

- the possibility of choosing the degree of propulsion utilization by voluntarily choosing the output speed with sufficient flow mass

State of the art

The author knows:

a. an attempt at propulsion by constant intake of high-pressure gas into a conventional barrel-shaped nozzle, where the positive pressure difference at the front part of the nozzle is achieved by the shape of the nozzle and the ratio of the surfaces of the outlet and inlet openings

b. previous suffering. requirements of the same author with a fixed gas intake

The most obvious disadvantages of the first solution are:

- starting use of only gas mass for thrust

- mixing of gas with fluid in the nozzle (high heat transfer) and thus reduced increase in working volume (low degree of propulsion utilization)

- non-laminar fluid flow

The disadvantages of the second solution are the non-independent start and bringing to a stationary cruising speed.

The essence of the invention

The invention solves the mentioned technical problems of propulsion with tactful intake of high-pressure gas with a technical implementation:

- tubular nozzles 1 with the same, or approximately the same section along the entire length

- the possibility of guided variation of the position of the gas inlet 2 in the nozzle 1

- a linearly shaped gas inlet 2, the length of which is approximately, or equal to, the length of the cross-section of the nozzle 1

Image description and tags

Fig.1 shows a variant of the solution with a movable nozzle 1 and a fixed gas inlet valve 2.

1 = nozzle

2 = gas inlet (on exhaust valve)

3 = high-pressure gas immediately before the discharge from the generator - compressor

4 = generator – compressor

5 = device for longitudinal movement of the nozzle

Ls = nozzle length

Lp= front length to gas valve outlet

Lz= last length

Description of examples of performance and functioning of the invention

Nozzle 1 is part of the system (fig. 1) which also consists of a piston generator for gas, a pressure discharge valve with gas inlet 2, and a device for longitudinal movement of the body of nozzle 1, or a compressor with inlet 2.

As an example of execution, a system with a movable guide attached to the hull of the vessel (possibly also to the generator head 4) was chosen. The longitudinal movement device 5 can be made in any conventional mechanical way. It is important that the relative distance between the gas inlet 2 and the inlet and outlet of the nozzle 1 can be changed during operation. The nozzle 1 must be of a closed section, independently or with the help of a part of the bottom of the vessel (fig. 1). In terms of geometry, it can be of continuous cross-section or slightly narrowed towards the entrance.

The functioning of the system is carried out by constantly providing a greater resistance (pressure, friction, thrust) to the expansion of the unit gas bubbles inserted in the direction of the nozzle entrance, thereby provoking a greater growth of the bubble volume in the direction of the exit. In the starting phase, the increased frontal resistance is solved by placing the gas inlet 2 closer to the outlet.

Greater development of expansion towards the exit results in a higher speed of movement of the last section of the fluid and thus lower pressure and friction with the walls. The strongly accelerated last section of the fluid continues its motion even after the end of the full expansion of the gas bubble. The negative pressure in the gas is transferred to the front stagnant part and drag accelerates it in the direction of exit from the nozzle 1. The process is initially partial, but as the speed increases, the dynamic resistance of the front mass at the moment of gas entry also increases, i.e. the possibility of gradually moving the intake opening forward . The growth of the last part prolongs the aforementioned oppressive process and increases its effect. The front part, in the time between the expansions, increasingly crosses the plane of the intake valve 2. The rear mass of the fluid being separated gradually grows and upon reaching the maximum size, a stationary state occurs when, the growth of the cruising speed stops, the gas inside the nozzle performs the full working process of expansion towards the outlet, extension and return to external pressure at the moment of starting to exit the nozzle (heat supply at minimum volume, and drain at external pressure!).

The last section receives energy at an input speed that is identical to the output speed, accelerates to a double level and, through the process of gas extension and retention, returns it to the output speed at the moment of leaving nozzle 1.

The position of opening 2 is changed during operation, by an internal command, from the starting position in approximately the last quarter of the nozzle 1, until reaching the maximum speed in the first quarter. The calculated length of the nozzle for the coef. break out of propulsion 0.80 equals 2.33 lengths of the vessel's traveled path in one operating stroke, the length of the fluid section is equal to one length, and the length of the fully expanded gas is 0.66 lengths.

Method of application of the invention

The system is applicable in all fluids (air, water, mud, etc.). The shown shape of the nozzle 1, in the form of a regular prismatic tube, was adopted due to the desire for laminar fluid flow, that is, the elimination of the occurrence of swirling.

For purposes with marked changes in the resistance regime during driving, it is possible to design the nozzle 1 with a reduction in the cross-section towards the entrance, or with a telescopically variable length.

When used in water, by placing nozzles 1 on the front part of the bottom of the ship, in addition to the pressure utilization of the gas up to the external pressure, it is possible to continue its exploitation practically up to 1000C to reduce the ship's resistance by creating a gas-vapor separation layer under the hull ("slippery ships").

Claims (1)

1. Propulsor nozzle with movable gas inlet, made of metal resistant to high temperatures, with a side opening for high-pressure gas inlet (2), indicated by the fact that it is closed or "in" section, when its fourth side is the vessel's plating, which is the section continuous, or decreasing towards the inlet, which is the opening for gas inlet (2) axially in relation to the inlet and outlet, positionally variable, that is, that the body of the nozzle (1) or the head of the generator - compressor (4) with the opening for gas inlet (2), enabled controlled axial movement.