HRP20030315A2

HRP20030315A2 - Apparatus for hydraulically coupling a loading implement to a vehicle

Info

Publication number: HRP20030315A2
Application number: HR20030315A
Authority: HR
Inventors: Franz Hauer
Original assignee: Franz Hauer
Priority date: 2002-05-23
Filing date: 2003-04-22
Publication date: 2004-08-31
Also published as: HRP20030315B1; NO20031798L; DE50300203D1; ATE285001T1; EP1365074B1; AT412976B; EP1365074A1; ATA7872002A; PL359737A1; NO20031798D0

Abstract

The mounting for a loader arm (2) to a tractor (1) has a fluid coupling with a capture hook to receive a connector. There is an adjacent adjuster arm pivotally mounted on the opposing bracket to support the opposing connector. The adjuster arm allows vertical movement of the opposing connector. The first connector is vertically adjustable on a hydraulic cylinder.

Description

Ovaj konkretni izum jest sklop za povezivanje elemenata, s jedne strane, na teretnom vozilu, posebno na traktoru, i s druge strane na uređaju za punjenje koji je pridružen teretnom vozilu i elementima za povezivanje koji se na njemu nalaze, posebno poveznim elementima za hidraulički sustav za pogon uređaja za punjenje. This particular invention is an assembly for connecting elements, on the one hand, on a truck, in particular on a tractor, and on the other hand, on a charging device attached to the truck and connecting elements located on it, especially connecting elements for the hydraulic system for charging device drive.

Pri spajanju uređaja za punjenje na teretna vozila zahtijeva se, s jedne strane, da se hidraulički upravljački sustav uređaja za punjenje spoji na predviđeni hidraulički sustav teretnoga vozila, dok je, s druge strane, uređaj za punjenje potrebno mehanički povezati i spojiti s teretnim vozilom. Za mehaničko povezivanje već su poznati automatski sustavi za povezivanje. Nije, međutim, poznat sklop kojim je moguće automatski povezati hidrauličke sustave, pa se hidrauličko povezivanje do sada izvodilo ručno. When connecting the charging device to trucks, it is required, on the one hand, that the hydraulic control system of the charging device be connected to the intended hydraulic system of the truck, while, on the other hand, the charging device must be mechanically connected and connected to the truck. For mechanical connection, automatic connection systems are already known. However, there is no known circuit that can automatically connect hydraulic systems, so the hydraulic connection has been done manually until now.

Zadaća ovoga konkretnog izuma jest ostvariti sklop pomoću kojega će biti moguće automatski povezati hidrauličke sustave teretnog vozila i uređaja za punjenje. Ovim se izumom to postiže na način da se poveznom elementu koji se nalazi na teretnom vozilu pridruži element za regulaciju na kojemu se nalazi najmanje jedna fiksna kuka za povezni element koji se nalazi na uređaju za punjenje i koji se može pomicati gore-dolje. Sljedeći način na koji se to postiže jest pomoću pokretne ručice koja se nalazi na uređaju za punjenje i koja se zakreće oko najbliže vodoravne osi, te kojoj se nosač za povezni element pridružen uređaju za punjenje približava u okomitom smjeru. The task of this particular invention is to realize a circuit by means of which it will be possible to automatically connect the hydraulic systems of the cargo vehicle and the charging device. With this invention, this is achieved in such a way that the connection element located on the truck is joined with a regulation element on which there is at least one fixed hook for the connection element located on the charging device and which can be moved up and down. The next way in which this is achieved is by means of a movable arm located on the charging device which rotates about the nearest horizontal axis, and to which the bracket for the connecting element associated with the charging device approaches in a vertical direction.

Pomoću hidrauličnog ili pneumatičnog cilindra moguće je mijenjati visinu elementa za regulaciju. Element za regulaciju može biti izrađen u obliku sličnom slovu U, pri čemu je potrebno predvidjeti najmanje jednu Fanghaken/fiksnu kuku na gornjem vrhu. Uz to je na elementu za regulaciju predviđena najmanje jedna Rasthaken/pomična kuka koju je moguće zakrenuti oko najbliže vodoravne osi. Using a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, it is possible to change the height of the regulating element. The regulation element can be made in a shape similar to the letter U, where it is necessary to provide at least one Fanghaken/fixed hook at the top. In addition, at least one Rasthaken/movable hook is provided on the regulation element, which can be rotated around the nearest horizontal axis.

U idealnom izvedbenom slučaju se pokretanjem najmanje jedne pomične kuke pomoću vodilice koja joj je pridružena može upravljati pomicanjem elementa za regulaciju, a pri tome je, u idealnom slučaju, predviđeno da na elementu za regulaciju dođe do sudara najmanje jedne pomične kuke s vodilicom. In an ideal implementation case, the movement of the regulation element can be controlled by starting at least one movable hook using the guide attached to it, and in this case, in the ideal case, it is foreseen that at least one movable hook collides with the guide on the regulation element.

Prema još jednom idealnom obliku izvedbe, nosač elementa za povezivanje uređaja za punjenje opremljen je produžetkom koji je moguće pomicati duž pokretne ručice. Spomenuti nosač opremljen je i sklopom kojim je moguće regulirati njegovu pokretljivost prema pokretnoj ručici. Nadalje je povezni element uređaja za punjenje u njegovom nosaču moguće zakrenuti oko najbliže vodoravne osi, pri čemu je mogućnost zakretanja ograničena sudarom. Uz to je i zakretanje pokretne ručice moguće regulirati pomoću radne duljine pokretne šipke za regulaciju. Ulogu pri tome igra i potisna opruga, a nju je moguće pridružiti šipci za regulaciju. According to another ideal embodiment, the carrier of the element for connecting the charging device is equipped with an extension that can be moved along the movable arm. The mentioned support is also equipped with a circuit that allows you to regulate its mobility according to the movable lever. Furthermore, the connecting element of the charging device in its support can be rotated around the nearest horizontal axis, whereby the possibility of rotation is limited by a collision. In addition, the rotation of the movable handle can be regulated using the working length of the movable rod for regulation. The pressure spring also plays a role in this, and it can be joined to the rod for regulation.

Predmet izuma nadalje je pobliže objašnjen pomoć prikaza procesa izvedbe potkrijepljenog crtežima. Prikazani su: The subject of the invention is further explained in more detail with the help of a description of the execution process supported by drawings. Shown are:

Slika 1 - teretno vozilo na koje je mehanički i hidraulički pričvršćen uređaj za punjenje, bočni prikaz; Figure 1 - cargo vehicle to which the charging device is mechanically and hydraulically attached, side view;

Slika 2 - sklop za povezivanje za hidrauličke sustave, aksinometrijski prikaz, i Figure 2 - connection assembly for hydraulic systems, axinometric view, i

Slika 3 do 3e - sklop za povezivanje u šest različitih položaja. Figure 3 to 3e - connection assembly in six different positions.

Na slici 1 prikazan je traktor 1, na koji je pričvršćen uređaj za punjenje 2. Tako je traktor 1 pojačan s dva bočno postavljena nosača 11, a tim su nosačima pridruženi nosači 21 koji se nalaze na uređaju za punjenje. Na nosačima 11 i 21 nalaze se elementi za povezivanje pomoću kojih je moguće uređaj za punjenje 2 automatski povezati i pričvrstiti na traktor 1. Osim toga, na traktoru 1 i uređaju za punjenje 2 predviđeni su povezni elementi, kojima je moguće ručno pričvrstiti hidraulički upravljački sustav uređaja za punjenje 2 na hidraulički sustav traktora 1. Figure 1 shows the tractor 1, to which the charging device 2 is attached. Thus, the tractor 1 is reinforced with two side-mounted supports 11, and the supports 21 located on the charging device are attached to these supports. On the supports 11 and 21, there are connection elements with which it is possible to automatically connect and attach the charging device 2 to the tractor 1. In addition, there are connection elements on the tractor 1 and the charging device 2, which can be used to manually attach the hydraulic control system of the charging device 2 to the hydraulic system of the tractor 1.

Ovakva mehanička i hidraulička povezivanja već su otprije poznata iz različitih grana tehnike. Međutim, ono što nije poznato jest sustav kojim je moguće hidrauličke sustave povezati automatski. Such mechanical and hydraulic connections are already known from various branches of technology. However, what is not known is the system by which it is possible to connect the hydraulic systems automatically.

Slijedi objašnjenje izumljenog sustava za povezivanje na temelju slike 2. Sustav omogućuje automatsko povezivanje hidrauličkih sustava i objašnjen je na sljedeći način: The following is an explanation of the invented connection system based on Figure 2. The system enables automatic connection of hydraulic systems and is explained as follows:

Na nosaču 11 koji se nalazi na traktoru 1 pričvršćen je prvi povezni element 31. Na poveznom elementu 31 pričvršćeni su vodovi 32, koji vode do hidrauličkog sustava traktora. K tome je na nosaču 11 predviđen element za regulaciju 4 koji u obliku slova U okružuje povezni element 31. Element za regulaciju 4 moguće je pomoću hidrauličkog cilindra za regulaciju 41 pomicati okomito duž poveznog elementa 31. Na konzoli 11 nalazi se još i vodilica 12, koja je okružena petljom 13, koja je opet pridružena elementu za regulaciju 4. Na elementu za regulaciju 4, odnosno na njegovom gornjem dijelu, nalaze se dvije fiksne kuke 42 na kojima se opet nalaze utori označeni brojem 43. Na povezni elementu 31 nadalje je pričvršćen klin 44, koji prolazi kroz element za regulaciju 4 na mjestu dva proreza i kojemu se nalazi kuka 46 koja se može zakretati. Na pomičnu kuku 46 naslanja se klizna površina 47, na kojoj se nalazi klin za regulaciju smješten pored elementa za regulaciju. Nadalje, s unutrašnje strane elementa za regulaciju 4 strše četiri klina 49. The first connecting element 31 is attached to the support 11 located on the tractor 1. Lines 32 are attached to the connecting element 31, which lead to the hydraulic system of the tractor. In addition, a regulation element 4 is provided on the support 11, which surrounds the connection element 31 in the shape of the letter U. The regulation element 4 can be moved vertically along the connection element 31 using the hydraulic regulation cylinder 41. The console 11 also has a guide 12, which is surrounded by a loop 13, which is again attached to the regulation element 4. On the regulation element 4, i.e. on its upper part, there are two fixed hooks 42 on which there are again grooves marked with the number 43. On the connecting element 31 is further attached pin 44, which passes through the regulating element 4 at the place of the two slots and which has a hook 46 that can be rotated. A sliding surface 47 rests on the movable hook 46, on which there is a regulation pin located next to the regulation element. Furthermore, four pins 49 protrude from the inside of the regulation element 4.

Element za regulaciju 4 se pomoću cilindra za regulaciju 41 miče gore-dolje. Vođenje elementa za regulaciju 4 ostvaruje se pomoću proreza 45 kroz koje prolazi klin 44, jednako kao i kroz omču 13, koja klizi duž vodilice 12. The regulating element 4 is moved up and down by means of the regulating cylinder 41. The control element 4 is guided by the slot 45 through which the pin 44 passes, as well as through the loop 13, which slides along the guide 12.

Na poveznom elementu 31 se pored toga nalazi i otvoreni pomični poklopac koji sprječava djelovanje opruge. Zavrtanje poklopca 70 također se događa djelovanjem elementa za regulaciju 4. On the connecting element 31, there is also an open movable cover that prevents the action of the spring. The screwing of the cover 70 also occurs by the action of the regulating element 4.

Kao što se povezni element 31 nalazi na teretnom vozilu 1, tako se i vezni element 51 nalazi na nosaču 5 uređaja za punjenje 2. Iz spomenutog poveznog elementa 51 izlaze hidraulički vodovi 52, koji vode do hidrauličkog sustava uređaja za punjenje. Na poveznom elementu 51 nadalje se nalazi klin 53, pomoću kojega se plata na nosaču 5 zakreće i smješta duž najbliže vodoravne osi. Zakretanje je ograničeno klinom 56 koji se nalazi na nosaču 5. Na konzoli 21 uređaja za punjenje 2 nalazi se pokretna ručica 6, koja je se zakreće oko najbliže vodoravno postavljene osi 61. Na pokretnu ručicu naslanja se šipka za regulaciju 62. Tu je šipku moguće regulirati u njezinoj radnoj duljini, a okružuje ju spiralna tlačna opruga 63. Nosač 5 se pomoću omče 54 može pomicati duž pokretne ručice 6, a da pri tome, zahvaljujući sustavu za kočenje 55, ostane u određenom položaju. Just as the connecting element 31 is located on the truck 1, the connecting element 51 is also located on the carrier 5 of the filling device 2. From the mentioned connecting element 51, hydraulic lines 52 come out, which lead to the hydraulic system of the filling device. On the connecting element 51, there is also a pin 53, by means of which the plate on the support 5 is rotated and placed along the nearest horizontal axis. The rotation is limited by a pin 56 located on the support 5. On the console 21 of the charging device 2 there is a movable lever 6, which rotates around the nearest horizontally positioned axis 61. A regulation rod 62 rests on the movable lever. can be regulated in its working length, and it is surrounded by a spiral compression spring 63. The support 5 can be moved along the movable handle 6 by means of the loop 54, and at the same time, thanks to the braking system 55, it remains in a certain position.

Kretanje poveznog elementa 51 unatrag pomoću elementa za regulaciju 4, koje je potrebno za odvijanje procesa sustava za povezivanje, omogućeno je time što se pokretna ručica 6 zakreće oko klina 61, nadalje time što se nosač 5 za povezni element 51 pomoću nosive omče 54 može pomicati duž pokretne ručice 6, te time što je povezni element 51 u nosaču 5 moguće zakrenuti oko klina 53. Budući da je moguće regulirati radnu duljinu šipke 62 pomoću matrice za regulaciju, moguće je regulirati i raspon zakretanja pokretne ručice 6. The backward movement of the connecting element 51 by means of the regulating element 4, which is necessary for the development of the process of the connecting system, is made possible by the fact that the movable lever 6 rotates around the pin 61, further by the fact that the support 5 for the connecting element 51 can be moved by means of the carrying loop 54 along the movable lever 6, and by the fact that the connecting element 51 in the support 5 can be rotated around the pin 53. Since it is possible to regulate the working length of the rod 62 using the regulation matrix, it is also possible to regulate the range of rotation of the movable lever 6.

Slijedi prikaz načina rada sklopa za povezivanje, pobliže objašnjen na crtežima od 3 do 3e: The following is a representation of the mode of operation of the connection assembly, explained in more detail in drawings from 3 to 3e:

U početnome položaju, koji je prikazan na slici 3, povezni element 31 traktora 1 pokriven je poklopcem 70 i sustav za regulaciju 4 nalazi se u svome najnižem položaju. In the initial position, which is shown in Figure 3, the connecting element 31 of the tractor 1 is covered by the cover 70 and the regulation system 4 is in its lowest position.

Čim je potrebno povezati hidrauličke sustave traktora 1 i uređaja za punjenje 2, element za regulaciju 4 pokreće se pomoću cilindra za regulaciju 41 prema gore. Ovime se poklopac 70 pomoću klinova 71 koji se nalaze na njegovim bočnim stranama i koji prodiru u vodilice kulise(Kulissenfuhrungen) 72 koje se nalaze bočno na elementu za regulaciju, protiv djelovanja svojih opruga za zatvaranje suprotno od smjera kazaljke na satu zakreće u svoj okomiti položaj, pri čemu se poklopac pomoću vodilice kulise(Kulissenfuhrungen) 72 zadržava u tome položaju. Osim toga, pomoću klinova za regulaciju 48 koji se nalaze na kliznoj površini 47, poluga 46 zakreće se oko klina 44 u smjeru suprotnome od smjera kazaljke na satu, čime se postiže približno okomiti položaj njegove klizne površine 47. As soon as it is necessary to connect the hydraulic systems of the tractor 1 and the filling device 2, the regulating element 4 is moved upwards by means of the regulating cylinder 41. With this, the cover 70 is rotated counter-clockwise to its vertical position by means of the wedges 71 located on its sides and which penetrate the slide guides (Kulissenfuhrungen) 72 located laterally on the regulating element, against the action of its closing springs , whereby the cover is kept in that position by means of the curtain guide (Kulissenfuhrungen) 72. In addition, by means of the adjusting pins 48 located on the sliding surface 47, the lever 46 is rotated about the pin 44 in a counter-clockwise direction, thereby achieving an approximately vertical position of its sliding surface 47.

U tome položaju, prikazanom na slici 3a, traktor 1 se pokreće prema uređaju za punjenje 2 tako da se povezni elementi 31 i 51 nađu okomito jedan iznad drugoga te fiksna kuka 42 dođe u položaj iznad oba kraja nosivog klina koji strše sa strana poveznog elementa 51. Na taj se način ti krajevi nađu unutar proreza 43. Taj je položaj prikazan na slici 3b. In this position, shown in Figure 3a, the tractor 1 is moved towards the filling device 2 so that the connecting elements 31 and 51 are vertically above each other and the fixed hook 42 comes into position above both ends of the bearing wedge that protrude from the sides of the connecting element 51 In this way, these ends are inside the slot 43. This position is shown in Figure 3b.

U tome položaju se element za regulaciju 4 pomoću cilindra za regulaciju 41 pokreće prema dolje, pri čemu se klin za regulaciju 48 pokreće duž okomitog dijela klizne površine 47 pomične kuke 46, pri čemu ona ostaje u istome položaju. To je položaj prikazan na slici 3c. Daljnjim pomicanjem, donja strana poveznog elementa 51 spušta se na gornju stranu poveznog elementa 31. Na taj se način oba hidraulička sustava povezuju jedan s drugim. In this position, the regulating element 4 is moved downward by means of the regulating cylinder 41, whereby the regulating pin 48 is moved along the vertical part of the sliding surface 47 of the movable hook 46, whereby it remains in the same position. This is the position shown in Figure 3c. With further movement, the lower side of the connecting element 51 descends to the upper side of the connecting element 31. In this way, both hydraulic systems are connected to each other.

Zakretanje poveznog elementa 51 ograničeno je klinom 56. Pri kretanjima elementa za regulaciju 4 prema natrag nadalje se spuštaju klinovi 49 na gornju stranu poveznog elementa 51, te tako u odnosu na povezni element 31, na koji dospijeva pomoću elementa za regulaciju 4, dolazi u paralelan položaj. The rotation of the connecting element 51 is limited by a pin 56. During the movement of the regulating element 4 backwards, the pins 49 are further lowered onto the upper side of the connecting element 51, and thus in relation to the connecting element 31, which it reaches using the regulating element 4, it comes into parallel position.

U posljednjoj fazi pokretanja elementa za regulaciju 4 unatrag klin za regulaciju 48 spušta se na kliznu površinu 47 pomične kuke 46, i na taj način se pomična kuka 46 zakreće u smjeru kazaljke na satu. Tim zakretanjem se pomična kuka 46 zakreće iznad nosivog klina 53, čime se oba povezna elementa 31 i 51 pomoću pomične kuke 46 čvrsto spajaju u tom povezanom položaju. Taj je položaj prikazan na slici 3d. In the last stage of moving the regulating element 4 backwards, the regulating pin 48 is lowered onto the sliding surface 47 of the movable hook 46, and thus the movable hook 46 is rotated clockwise. With this rotation, the movable hook 46 is rotated above the bearing pin 53, whereby both connecting elements 31 and 51 are firmly connected by means of the movable hook 46 in that connected position. This position is shown in Figure 3d.

Jedino u slučaju kad je u nastavku procesa element za regulaciju 4 zbog curenja u hidrauličkom sustavu pogurnut prema gore, kao što je to prikazano na slici 3e, pomična kuka 46 ostaje u položaju u kojemu su nosivi klinovi 53 pričvršćeni, čime je osigurano povezivanje hidrauličkih sustava. Nakon što se hidraulički sustavi mehanički povežu, uređaj za punjenje 2 povezuje s traktorom 1 i pričvršćen je u tome položaju. Only in the case when, in the continuation of the process, the regulating element 4 is pushed up due to a leak in the hydraulic system, as shown in Figure 3e, the movable hook 46 remains in the position in which the bearing pins 53 are attached, thus ensuring the connection of the hydraulic systems . After the hydraulic systems are mechanically connected, the charging device 2 connects to the tractor 1 and is fixed in that position.

Kad je uređaj za punjenje 2 ponovo potrebno odvojiti od traktora 1, najprije dolazi do mehaničkog odvajanja pomoću hidrauličkih sustava. U nastavku procesa oba se povezna elementa, 31 i 51, odvajaju jedan od drugoga, tako da cilindar za regulaciju 41 gurne element za regulaciju 4 prema gore. Time se pomična kuka 46 pomoću klinova 48 koji se nalaze u međudjelovanju s kliznom površinom 47 zakreće u smjeru suprotnom od smjera kazaljke na satu. Na taj se način oslobađaju oba kraja nosivog klina 53. Tako je daljnjim pomicanjem elementa za regulaciju 4 moguće podići nosač 5 za povezni element 51 pomoću elementa za regulaciju 4, čime se povezni element 51 odvaja od poveznog elementa 31. Tako nosač 5 za povezni element 51 klizi prema gore duž pokretne ručice 6. Budući da se u tome procesu slobodni krajevi nosivog klina 53 odvajaju od fiksne kuke 42, moguće je traktor 1 u potpunosti odvojiti od uređaja za punjenje. When the loading device 2 needs to be separated from the tractor 1 again, mechanical separation occurs first using hydraulic systems. In the continuation of the process, both connecting elements, 31 and 51, are separated from each other, so that the regulating cylinder 41 pushes the regulating element 4 upwards. Thereby, the movable hook 46 is rotated counterclockwise by means of the pins 48 which are in interaction with the sliding surface 47. In this way, both ends of the supporting wedge 53 are released. Thus, by further moving the regulating element 4, it is possible to raise the support 5 for the connecting element 51 using the regulating element 4, which separates the connecting element 51 from the connecting element 31. Thus, the support 5 for the connecting element 51 slides upwards along the movable lever 6. Since in this process the free ends of the supporting wedge 53 are separated from the fixed hook 42, it is possible to completely separate the tractor 1 from the filling device.

Djelovanjem sustava za kočenje 55, nosač 5 ostaje na onoj visini, odnosno položaju, u kojemu je došlo do odvajanja. Na taj se način olakšava sljedeći proces povezivanja. Due to the action of the braking system 55, the support 5 remains at the height, or position, in which the separation occurred. This makes the next connection process easier.

Claims

1. A device for connecting elements, indicated by the fact that it is located on one side on a cargo vehicle, especially a tractor (1), and on the other side on a charging device attached to the cargo vehicle, on which there are connecting elements (31, 51), for the hydraulic drive system for starting the filling device (2), the characteristics of which are that the connecting element (31), located on the truck (1), has a regulation element (4) on which there is at least one fixed hook (42) for the connecting element (51) which is located on the charging device (2) and which can be moved up and down. The movable handle (6) is located on the filling device (2) and it can be rotated around the nearest horizontal axis (61), on which there is a support (5) for the connecting element (51) which can be moved vertically, as it is shown in figure 2.

2. Device according to item 1, characterized in that its regulation element (4) can be raised and lowered using a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder (41).

3. Device according to items 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the regulation element (4) located on the cargo vehicle (1) is shaped in the approximate shape of the letter U, with at least one fixed hook (42) provided at its upper end ).

4. Device according to items 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one movable hook (46) is provided on the regulation element (4), which can be rotated around the nearest horizontal axis (44).

5. Device according to item 4, characterized by the fact that it is possible to control the movements of at least one movable hook (46) by means of the sliding surface (47) located there, by starting the regulation element (4).

6. Device according to item 5, characterized in that collisions with the sliding surface (47) of at least one movable hook (46) on the regulation element (4) are foreseen.

7. Device according to items 1 to 6, characterized in that the support (5) of the connecting element (51) on the charging device (2) has an extension (54) that can be moved along the movable handle (6).

8. The device according to item 7, characterized in that the support (5) for the connecting element (51) of the charging device (2) is equipped with a system (55) by which it is possible to regulate its rotation towards the movable lever (4).

9. Device according to items 1 to 8, characterized in that the connecting element (51) of the charging device (2) in its support can be rotated around the nearest horizontal axis (53), whereby its rotation is limited by the element 56.

10. Device according to items 1 to 9, characterized in that the rotation of the movable handle (6) is regulated by means of a regulation rod (62) whose working length can be regulated.

11. Device according to items 1 to 10, characterized in that its movable handle (6) can be rotated against the action of the pressure spring (63).

12. Device according to items 10 and 11, characterized in that the pressure spring (63) is attached to the regulation rod (62).