HRP20010689A2 - Direct fuel-injection engine with one valve per cylinder - Google Patents

Description

The field to which the invention relates

This invention relates to the field of combustion engines, more specifically to the control of combustion engines. According to the international classification of patents (sixth edition), the invention belongs to:

F 01 L 9/04 Non-mechanically actuated valve mechanism by means of electricity.

F 02 D 41/30 Fuel injection control

Technical problem

The technical problems solved by this invention are:

- engine with one valve per cylinder

- reduction of the dimensions of the engine due to the smaller number of mechanical elements compared to the classic engine

- a decrease in the temperature inside the cylinder during the exhaust stroke, which results in reduced friction, lower fuel consumption, increased engine power and better exhaust flushing.

State of the art

Engines with a camshaft in the head or engine block have special settings for timely opening and closing of valves (exhaust, intake). Based on this, the ignition phase is adjusted on the ignition distributor, and the camshaft is driven by a chain or toothed belt. The mentioned elements of the engine affect its dimensions, and the movement of these elements causes an increase in fuel consumption due to the overcoming of additional sliding friction and fuel compression for the intake-exhaust valves. The chain, and especially the toothed belt, represent a particularly sensitive element. Its jumping out of the gear teeth means poor engine operation, and in the last case, the destruction of the valve as well as the engine head, which also happens when the belt or chain breaks.

The inventor/applicant is not yet aware of the state of the art of the engine:

a) with one valve per cylinder powered by electricity

b) with air injection in the exhaust stroke, which is significant for improving combustion, for better cleaning of the inside of the cylinder, i.e. better cooling, and indirectly causes less friction and meeting increasingly strict standards regarding exhaust gases.

Presentation of the essence of the invention

The primary goal of the invention is to reduce the size of the engine, reduce mechanical elements, and reduce friction. Improving combustion, reducing engine noise, improving the environmental level of the engine, adjusting and controlling the ignition phase through the control (processor) unit.

In contrast to previous engines with a distribution system and fully mechanical control (camshaft, rocker arms, etc.), electronic (computer-programmed) control of electric power for valve opening and closing is offered. The intake of air, that is, the mixture, which until now was carried out under the pressure created by the piston on the way to the bottom dead center, would be replaced by a computer-regulated supply of air and fuel under pressure.

The necessary pressurized air is provided by the compressor, classic turbo charging is unnecessary in this system. The system enables improved combustion of the mixture and improved purification of the inside and walls of the cylinder and the exhaust manifold. The above has a direct impact on the better ecological level of the engine, i.e. meeting the norms regarding exhaust gases. The supply of fuel is also achieved under pressure, as is already known in engines with direct injection.

Brief description of the drawing

Figure 1 shows the installation of pressurized air and fuel supply

Figure 2 shows the compression chamber with one valve

Figure 3 shows how the valve is actuated

Detailed description of the invention

Mixture injection system.

The air injection system uses a similar method to the fuel injection system.

The mixture injection system can be seen in Figure 1.

By starting the motor, the compressor (1), (2), (3) via the valve (4) starts the pneumatic motor (5), which is used to start the motor or the anlaser. This unusual feature in car and truck engines is introduced because there is an overall reduction in friction, unnecessary camshaft, mechanical valves, chain or timing belt, and valve spring. The electric valve (4) is controlled by the central processing unit (8), so when a pressure change occurs in the engine (5), which registers the sensor and sends information to the Central Processing Unit (8) (hereinafter referred to as SPJ8), it is switched off electric valve (4). In parallel with this operation, the air injection process takes place through the installation (6), electrovalve (7), air injection control (9), to the mixing space (10).

Fuel injection goes through the electric pump (12), continuously through the installation (11), injection control (15), to the mixing space (10). Four exhaust sensors controlled by SPJ8, for cars (4), (5), (6), (8) cylinders are proportionally increased. For four cylinders air supply pipes (6), four solenoid valves (7), four injection controllers (9), four mixing spaces (10), four non-return valves (13), four fuel supply installations (11), four of the controller fuel (15), four electromagnetic valves (16), four mixing spaces (10). When the resulting mixture is under pressure controlled by SPJ8, it enters the compression space (29) of the cylinder (14) through the non-return valve (13). since the whole process is controlled by SPJ8, an additional possibility is obtained, that is, the injection of air in the dry cycle, which achieves high-quality washing of the cylinder, which is favorably reflected on the engine's eco rating.

The air that is introduced into the cylinder on that occasion has a certain temperature from the compressor (namely, it is known that a car factory in Sweden designed such an air supply system for their conditions), which makes it possible to avoid the unwanted consequences of cracking the cylinder walls. This effect enables better cooling of the engine, which indirectly reduces friction in the cylinder, this improvement affects better utilization (greater engine power). When the exhaust cycle is over, the air continues to flow, and in the intake cycle, fuel is injected with increased pressure. The time of fuel injection depends on the position of the analog-to-digital converter (17), when the air-fuel ratio standard is reached via the electric valve (16), the shutdown command comes from SPJ8. This action applies to all cylinders, but to the engine version, (4), (5), (6), (8), etc.

Compression chamber with one valve Figure 2.

A step forward from the existing technology is to retain only the compression space in the engine head, thereby reducing overall dimensions, reducing mechanical friction and reducing engine weight as well as engine noise. Computer control enables unnecessary chain (toothed belt), ignition distributor. The engine head (19), is ideally curved, the non-return valve space (13) is screwed into it, then the spark plug and into the electric heater space (25), the tube (26) cast together on the engine head (19), the exhaust space (21), the valve (20) is made in an elliptical shape and is connected to a circular valve support that enters the tube (26), forming a sealing possibility to prevent burnt gases from entering the engine compartment. The valve guide (22) is assembled at point (27), for structural disassembly possibilities. In point (23), there is a moving part, the shaft, which turns to open or close the valve. The opening of the valve is far better compared to the classic one, because it allows a freer and larger opening, and the valve is not located in front of the exhaust gases. Which enables a larger opening, and the valve is not located on the front of the outgoing gases. Which enables a larger opening, and a lower output speed, and thus lower engine noise.

The ideal curvature of the engine head (19) allows the compression space (29) to acquire this characteristic, and according to the manufacturer's wishes, it can be increased or decreased.

Claims (9)

1. A direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder, characterized by the fact that it consists of an installation for the supply of air and fuel under pressure, a reconstructed engine head, and one valve that is driven by electricity. 2. A direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that air is blown in through the non-return valve (13), which achieves: - additional cooling of the cylinder, which results in reduced fuel consumption and increased engine power due to reduced friction. - additional improvement of cylinder flushing (14) reduces the amount of harmful and toxic ingredients in the exhaust gases. 3. A direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the cylinder head (19) is hemispherical with one elliptical valve 20. 4. A direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claim 1, 2, and 3, characterized in that the cylinder head (19) is jointly connected to the exhaust pipe (21). 5. A direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claim 1, 2 and 4 characterized by: - that the valve consists of a curved valve cap (20), a valve guide (22), which is connected to the shaft (23), which performs the action of opening and closing the valve. - that there is a built-in seal (24) on the wall of the exhaust outlet, which serves to prevent the exit of exhaust gases into the engine compartment. 6. A direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claim 5, characterized by: - that the valve guide (22) is connected to the square shaft that secures the valve guide. 7. A direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claim 1, characterized by: - that the mixing area of the air installation (6) and the fuel installation (11) is located in front of the non-return valve (13). 8. A direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claim 1, characterized by: - that the pressure of the compressor (3) via the electromagnetic valve (4) starts the pneumatic motor (5) and thus it is possible to start the motor instead of the anlaser. 9. A direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claim 1, characterized by: - the valve is opened by an electric motor (30), the valve is closed by a spring (31).