WO2003025352A1

WO2003025352A1 - Direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder

Info

Publication number: WO2003025352A1
Application number: PCT/HR2002/000030
Authority: WO
Inventors: Franjo Kurevija
Original assignee: Franjo Kurevija
Priority date: 2001-09-20
Filing date: 2002-05-21
Publication date: 2003-03-27
Also published as: HRP20010689A2

Abstract

Direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder has electronically (programmed) controlled opening and closing of valves, in contrast to up to now known engine with distribution system and completely mechanical control. Injection of the air or the mixture respectively during the suction stroke, performed so far by means of under pressure generated by the piston on its way to the outer dead center, is replaced by the computer regulated air and fuel supply under pressure. The air injection during the exhaust stroke causes: - additional cooling of the cylinder which, owing to the reduced friction, reduces fuel consumption and increases the power of the engine; - additional improvement of cylinder scavenging reduces the amount of harmful and poisonous elements in exhaust gases.

Description

DIRECT INJECTION ENGINE WITH ONE VALVE PER CYLINDER

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

1. TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to the field of combustion engines, specifically to the control of combustion engines. According to the International Patent Classification (Sixth Edition) the invention is classified under:

FOIL 9/04 Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically, by electric means

F02D 41/30 Controlling fuel inj ection

2. TECHNICAL PROBLEM

Technical problems to be solved by this invention are: - engine with one valve per cylinder,

- reduction of the engine dimensions owing to the reduction of mechanical elements, where compared to the classic engine,

- decrease of the cylinder inner temperature during the exhaust stroke, to result in the reduction of friction, lower fuel consumption, increase of the engine power, and improved scavenging of the exhaust unit.

3. STATE OF THE ART

Engines with an overhead camshaft or engines with camshaft in an engine block are specially adjusted to timely opening and closing of valves (exhaust and suction). According to this, the adjustment of ignition phase of the ignition distributor is made. The camshaft is driven by means of a chain or a toothed belt. The mentioned elements affect the size of the engine, while the motion of those elements causes the increase of fuel consumption, due to the overcoming of additional friction, sliding, and compression of fuel for suction and exhaust valves. A chain, and especially a toothed belt are particularly sensitive elements. Their leaving the gears teeth causes malfunction of the engine, and at the bottom line, destruction of valves and engine head, the same occurring in the case of belt or chain fracture. To the knowledge of the inventor/applicant the state of the art doesn't contain so far an engine: a) with one valve per cylinder actuated electrically, b) having the air injection during the exhaust stroke, to significantly improve, in turn, combustion, scavenging of the interior of the cylinder and cooling respectively, and indirectly cause lower friction, satisfying therewith increasingly strict exhaust gases standards.

4. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The main objectives of the invention are to reduce in turn the engine dimensions, the number of mechanical elements and the friction, to improve combustion, to decrease the engine noise, to improve the engine ecological features, and to adjust and control the ignition phase by means of controlling (processor) unit.

In contrast to up now known engines having a distribution system and a completely mechanical control (camshaft, rocker arm...), this invention offers an electronic control (computer programmed) of electric power, opening and closing of valves. Suctioning of the air, and the mixture respectively, performed so far under the pressure generated by a piston on its way to outer dead center, is replaced by the computer regulated air and fuel supply under pressure.

The necessary air under pressure is provided by the compressor. This system doesn't require a classic turbo charging. The system provides improved mixture combustion and improved scavenging of the interior and the walls of the cylinder and exhaust pipe unit. The mentioned facts directly and favorably contribute to the engine ecological level and compliance with the standards concerning exhaust gases. The fuel is also supplied under the pressure, as already known for direct injection engines.

5. SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 shows the air and fuel supply installation. Fig. 2 shows compression area with one valve. Fig. 3 shows the manner of actuating of valves. 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE TNVENTION

Mixture injection system The air injection system uses the method similar to the one used by the fuel injection system. The fuel injection system is shown on figure 1.

By starting the engine the compressor (1), (2), (3), through a valve (4), actuates pneumatic engine (5), serving to put into operation the engine and the starter, respectively. This novelty has been introduced in vehicle engines to reduce friction, and to make the camshaft, mechanical valves, chains and gear belt as well as valve springs unnecessary. Electric valve (4) is controlled by a central processor unit (8), thus when the pressure in the engine (5) changes, and is registered by the sensor, which sends the information to the central processor unit (8) (hereinafter: CPU (8)), the electric valve (4) is being closed. Simultaneously, the air is injected by means of installation (6), electric valve (7), and air injection control (9) to the mixing area ( 10) .

The fuel is injected by means of electric pump (12), and continually flows through installation (11), and injection control (15) up to the mixing area (10). Four sensors for exhaust of cylinders, 4, 5, 6, 8, controlled by CPU (8), constitute proportional increase: for four cylinders air supply pipes (6) four electromagnetic valves (7), four injection controllers (9), four mixing areas (10), four non-return valves (13), four fuel supply installations (11), four fuel injection controllers (15), four electromagnetic valves (16), four mixing areas (10). The mixture obtained under pressure enters, after being controlled by CPU (8), through a non-return valve in the compression area (29) of the cylinder (14). The whole process being under control of CPU (8) provides for additional possibility of having the air injection during the exhaust stroke, which improves scavenging of the cylinder, and favorably affects the engine ecological features.

The air introduced in the cylinder has a particular temperature obtained from the compressor (it is known that a Swedish car factory has designed such an air supply system for its use) preventing the undesired cracking of the cylinder walls. This improves the cooling of the engine and indirectly reduces friction in the cylinder, improving therewith the efficiency of the engine. When the exhaust stroke is completed, the air continues to circulate, and the fuel is injected under pressure during the suction stroke. The timing of the fuel injection depends on the position of analog and digital transformer (17). When the standard air and fuel ratio is achieved through electric valve (16), CPU (8) gives order for its closing. This operation applies to all the cylinders 4, 5, 6, 8, etc., depending on the engine design. Compression area with one valve, Fig. 2.

Maintenance of only the compression area in the engine head, not known so far in the state of the art, reduces in turn the engine dimensions, mechanical friction and the engine weight as well as the noise made by the engine. Computer control makes the chain (toothed belt) and ignition distributor unnecessary. The engine head (19) is ideally curved, and gives possibility for non-return valve to be screwed in pos. 13, then, sparkling plug into electric heater in pos. 25, a pipe (26) to be molded in one piece with the engine head (19). Exhaust area (21) for valve (20) is carried out in elliptical form and is connected to the valve carrier of circular form that enters the tube (26), and have a sealing property to prevent entering of combusted gases into the engine area. Naive guide (22) is mounted in point 27, to provide possibility for its dismounting. Point 23 is a turnable point, occupied by a shaft, which causes by its rotation the opening and closing of the valve. The opening of the valve, if compared to the classic one, is improved, because it provides for bigger opening and the valve being not in the direction of exhaust gases. It also provides for lower exit velocity and therewith reduction of the engine noise. Ideal curvature of the engine head (19) causes the compression area (2) to assume the same characteristics that may be increased or decreased according to the wish of the producer.

Claims

C L A I M S

1. Direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder, characterized by the fact, that it consists of the installation for the air and fuel supply under pressure, reconstructed engine head, and one valve operated electrically.

2. Direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claim 1, characterized by the fact, that the air is injected through a non/return valve (13) achieving:

- additional cooling of the cylinder resulting in a reduced consumption of fuel and increased power of the engine, owing to the reduced friction,

- additional improvement of cylinder (14) scavenging reducing the amount of harmful and poisonous elements in the exhaust gases.

3. Direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact, that the cylinder head (19) has a semispherical form with one elliptic valve (20).

4. Direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized by the fact, that the engine head (19) and the exhaust pipe (21) are molded as one piece.

5. Direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claims 1, 2 and 4, characterized by the fact, that:

- the valve consists of curved valve cap (20), and valve guide (22) and is connected to the shaft (23) to perform opening and closing of the valve, - a seal (24) is built in the wall of the exhaust unit to prevent the exhaust gases from entering in the engine area.

6. Direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claim 5, characterized by the fact, that the valve guide (22) is connected to the shaft, the quadrilateral ending of which enables turning of the valve guide.

7. Direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claim 1, characterized by the fact, that the mixing area of air installation (6) and fuel installation (11) is in front of a non-return valve (13).

8. Direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claim 1, characterized by the fact, that the pressure made by a compressor (3) actuates pneumatic engine (5) by means of electromagnetic valve (4), and, instead of starter, starts the engine.

9. Direct injection engine with one valve per cylinder according to claim 1, characterized by the fact, that the opening of the valve is performed by means of an electric motor (30), and its closing by means of a spring (31).