GR1009458B - Integrated heating sestem for the protection and insulation of terraces - Google Patents

Abstract

Novelty: an integrated heating system for the protection and insulation of terraces is disclosed. Application mode: 4-stage installation of the proposed materials in the form of successive layers: 1) insulation with highly-resistant adhesive mortar enriched with polymers; 2) application of a layer consisted of thermally insulating extruded polystyrene plate characterised by internal cellular structure; 3) application of two-component flat insulating cement-based mortar; 4) placement of an anti-alkaline reinforcement mesh made of glass fibers and of the layer used in stage 3.

Description

Description:

The patent refers to a system for the thermal protection and waterproofing of roofs.

Roof waterproofing systems have been proposed many times over the past fifty years. These systems deal with the problem of the inadequacy of the thermal insulation of the roofs - terraces to protect the interior spaces from temperature changes and weather phenomena.

All the roof thermal insulation systems proposed to date, however, present various problems and imperfections both in terms of their effectiveness and in terms of the cohesion of the materials, but also in relation to their cost. The result of these imperfections and disadvantages is the appearance of problems after a few years from the installation of the system, resulting in the need to install new insulation systems.

The present invention refers to an integrated roof insulation system consisting of the combination of one- and two-component cementitious materials with extruded polystyrene heat-insulating plates in order to reduce the heat transfer between the interior and exterior of the buildings, as well as the adequate sealing of the ceilings in two layers.

The layering of the materials is shown in Figure 1 and includes two stages of application, where the first includes the welding and leveling of the heat-insulating plates on the substrate and the second includes the sealing and anti-crack protection of the system.

The cementitious materials exhibit excellent adhesion to extruded polystyrene sheets and excellent sealing properties so that no further materials are required for welding or sealing.

Extruded polystyrene plates show a low coefficient of thermal conductivity and high mechanical strength in compression and tension.

The system exhibits excellent mechanical strength, is lightweight, resistant to pedestrian traffic, easy to apply and environmentally friendly.

According to a preferred and indicated implementation of the system and in conjunction with Figure 1, the present invention is described in detail as follows:

Step 1

More specifically, during the first phase of system application, on a clean and properly prepared roof surface (1a) of any urban or non-urban building, a first waterproofing adhesive mortar (with number 1b in Figure 1) of high resistance, enriched with polymers suitable for waterproofing, is placed and floor and roof protection.

The material in question contains special polymers, which have the property of working both as sealants and as adhesives, thus providing an excellent adhesive action resulting in a good adhesive synergy both with the substrate and with the material to be applied on from this first layer.

The preparation of the mixture of step 1 is done using an electric mixer at low speeds, and the stirring lasts for at least 3-4 minutes until the mixture becomes homogeneous. The mixture is allowed to settle for 5 minutes followed by stirring again for 1 minute. The maximum workability of the mixture is 45 min at 25°C.

The application of the above described mixture of step 1 to the substrate is carried out with a trowel with a pole or without a pole and the entire surface is covered without gaps. The minimum application thickness of the mixture is suggested to be 3mm and the maximum thickness is 40mm.

This material shows excellent adhesion to the heat-insulating plate that will follow, but also to any other structural metal, acrylic, polyurethane and asphalt surface.

The said properties and characteristics of this layer are due to the composition of inert elements contained in said layer resulting in the perfect coverage of local irregularities and cavities of the substrate. Also, due to the inert materials, this layer exhibits excellent mechanical resistance on high stress surfaces, thus avoiding the need to add additional repair materials to deal with the problems presented by the systems known to date.

Furthermore, the application of the layer of the present phase - since it is done with a trowel with a pole - allows the applicator to remain upright and in this way the applicator saves energy and physical fatigue, while the work is carried out in a much shorter time than usually required that performed with the applicator in a kneeling position.

The required time is estimated at half of that required for the up to now usual practice of placing the known thermal insulation layers.

Step 2

Then and at the same time, i.e. without requiring waiting time for the first layer to dry, a second layer (1c) is placed on the first layer (1b), namely a hard and waterproof heat-insulating plate of extruded polystyrene.

The plate in question is characterized by the fact that it has both sides or surfaces planarized and is produced by extrusion of polystyrene foam. This plate, due to its particularly dense and closed microcellular structure, which achieves the creation of small, microcellular and closed cells of polystyrene containing trapped inert gas and air, achieves a very high insulating capacity, while in addition it remains dry in a humid environment.

During installation, the thermal insulation plates (1c) are pressed by the applicator to the material (1b) to ensure universal contact of the first step mixture with them, following the slopes of the substrate. The final surface of the heat-insulating plates (1c) must be completely flat, without gaps between them when joining them at their joints and in the form of cross joints. If there is a need to create flows, the specially shaped extruded polystyrene plates with corresponding slopes and configurations are used.

Step 3

On top of the layer (1c) of the previous step, a waterproofing, leveling, two-component, high mechanical strength cementitious mortar is then placed, enriched with polymers (1d) that is mixed with the special acrylic base additive and suitable for waterproofing and protecting floors and roofs in particular. Due to its special composition, it exhibits excellent adhesion to the heat-insulating plate of the previous step.

The said extra layer is created by mixing the sealing cementitious mortar, enriched with polymers with the special acrylic base additive (with latex) in a suitable empty container with stirring at a slow time, as also described in step 3.

The preparation of the mixture is done using an electric mixer at low speed and lasts for at least 3 - 4 minutes until the mixture becomes homogeneous without lumps.

The mixture is allowed to settle for 3-5 minutes and is stirred again. The working time of the mixture is 45 minutes.

Step 4

On top of the layer of the previous step and during the time of placing the mixture (1d), another layer (1e), i.e. an anti-alkali mesh of fiberglass reinforcement, is placed in parallel and at the same time, then an additional layer of the cementitious sealant follows polymer-enriched mortar (1f) that exhibits high tensile strength, alkali resistance and strong resistance to elastic deformation.

The glass mesh during its installation is completely immersed in the mixture of the previous step, and the joints of the mesh must be overlapped for at least 10cm by the mixture of step 3 and the final surface is completely leveled.

The application of the mixture of the sealing cementitious mortar enriched with polymers with the special acrylic base additive (with latex) of step 3 on the grid of step 4, takes place in a time of 6-24 hours after its application and is completely leveled with maximum thickness 2mm. Any imperfections during laying are smoothed out using a finishing trowel with or without a pole.

Claims (5)

A X I O S E I S 1. Roof thermal protection and waterproofing system consisting of four stages of placing the proposed materials in successive layers, according to which the first layer placed in the first stage consists of high-strength sealing adhesive mortar, enriched with polymers (1 b). 2. System of thermal protection and waterproofing of roofs according to the first claim, where during the second stage a second layer of heat-insulating extruded polystyrene plate (1c) is placed on the first layer immediately following the second stage, the surfaces of which are planarized, and the plate exhibits an internal microcellular structure, i.e. microcellular closed polystyrene cells containing trapped inert gas and air. 3. System of thermal protection and waterproofing of roofs according to the first claim, where during the third stage a sealing, leveling cementitious two-component, high mechanical strength, enriched with polymers, mixed with the special acrylic base additive (1d) is then placed. . 4. Roof thermal protection and waterproofing system according to the first claim, where during the fourth stage an anti-alkaline fiberglass reinforcement mesh (1e) fully immersed in the mixture of the stage of the claim is placed on the layer of the third stage of the previous claim. 5. System of thermal protection and waterproofing of roofs according to the first claim, where during the fourth stage, a layer of stage 3 of claim 3 is placed on top of the layer of the previous step and after 6-24 hours another layer (Ist) is placed.