GB991523A - Production of hydrogen-containing gases particularly useful for ammonia synthesis - Google Patents

Production of hydrogen-containing gases particularly useful for ammonia synthesis

Info

Publication number
GB991523A
GB991523A GB3140063A GB3140063A GB991523A GB 991523 A GB991523 A GB 991523A GB 3140063 A GB3140063 A GB 3140063A GB 3140063 A GB3140063 A GB 3140063A GB 991523 A GB991523 A GB 991523A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
zone
effluent
steam
reforming catalyst
oxygen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB3140063A
Inventor
Orlando Joseph Quartulli
Shou Kao
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pullman Inc
Original Assignee
Pullman Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pullman Inc filed Critical Pullman Inc
Publication of GB991523A publication Critical patent/GB991523A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/025—Preparation or purification of gas mixtures for ammonia synthesis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • C01B3/382—Multi-step processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
    • C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
    • C01B2203/0244—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being an autothermal reforming step, e.g. secondary reforming processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0283—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0415—Purification by absorption in liquids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
    • C01B2203/047—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon monoxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
    • C01B2203/0475—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
    • C01B2203/068—Ammonia synthesis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0811—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combustion of fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0811—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combustion of fuel
    • C01B2203/0816—Heating by flames
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0838—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel
    • C01B2203/0844—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel the non-combustive exothermic reaction being another reforming reaction as defined in groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/0294
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0866—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combination of different heating methods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0872—Methods of cooling
    • C01B2203/0877—Methods of cooling by direct injection of fluid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0872—Methods of cooling
    • C01B2203/0883—Methods of cooling by indirect heat exchange
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
    • C01B2203/1052—Nickel or cobalt catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
    • C01B2203/142—At least two reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in series
    • C01B2203/143—Three or more reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in series
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
    • C01B2203/146—At least two purification steps in series
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/80—Aspect of integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas not covered by groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/1695
    • C01B2203/82—Several process steps of C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/08 integrated into a single apparatus

Abstract

A method for producing a hydrogen-containing gas comprises contacting a vaporized hydrocarbon with steam over a reforming catalyst in a first, indirectly heated, zone; contacting the effluent from this zone with steam and an oxygen-containing gas, e.g. air or oxygen, over a reforming catalyst in a second, unheated, zone; and cooling the effluent from the second zone by the heat exchange, preferably indirect, with effluent from the first zone. The first zone may thus be operated at lower temperatures, 1300 DEG to 1600 DEG F., and higher pressures, e.g. 175 to 700 p.s.i.g. The heat exchanger may comprise a bed of reforming catalyst surrounding tubes through which the second effluent is passed. Separate preheating sections may be provided in the first zone for the hydrocarbon and steam delivered to the zone, and for the air delivered to the second zone, and for the first effluent prior to its delivery to the heat exchanger. Preferred temperatures, pressures, residence times, steam-carbon ratios (in the first zone), steam and oxygen supply proportions (in the second zone) and preheat temperatures are given. Specific catalysts are nickel, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, chromia and molybdenum oxide. A specific example of the process is given.ALSO:A method for producing a hydrogen-containing gas comprises contacting a vaporized hydrocarbon with steam over a reforming catalyst in a first, indirectly heated, zone; contacting the effluent from this zone with steam and an oxygen-containing gas, e.g. air or oxygen, over a reforming catalyst in a second, unheated, zone; and cooling the effluent from the second zone by heat exchange, preferably indirect, with effluent from the first zone. The first zone may thus be operated at lower temperatures, e.g. 1300 DEG to 1600 DEG F., and higher pressures, e.g. 175 to 700 p.s.i.g. The heat exchanger may comprise a bed of reforming catalyst surrounding tubes through which the second effluent is passed. Separate preheating sections may be provided in the first zone for the hydrocarbon and steam delivered to the zone, and for the air delivered to the second zone, and for the first effluent prior to its delivery to the heat exchanger. Preferred temperatures, pressures, residence times, steam-carbon ratios (in the first zone), steam and oxygen supply proportions (in the second zone) and preheat temperatures are given. Specific catalysts are nickel, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, chromia and molybdenum oxide. A specific example of the process is given.
GB3140063A 1963-08-14 1963-08-08 Production of hydrogen-containing gases particularly useful for ammonia synthesis Expired GB991523A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEK0050515 1963-08-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB991523A true GB991523A (en) 1965-05-12

Family

ID=7225652

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB3140063A Expired GB991523A (en) 1963-08-14 1963-08-08 Production of hydrogen-containing gases particularly useful for ammonia synthesis

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE1567608C3 (en)
GB (1) GB991523A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0106076A2 (en) * 1982-09-13 1984-04-25 The M. W. Kellogg Company Preparation of ammonia synthesis gas
EP0212758A2 (en) * 1985-08-26 1987-03-04 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Process for the preparation of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon-containing feed
US5300275A (en) * 1990-01-08 1994-04-05 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Steam reforming
EP2364270A1 (en) * 2008-12-03 2011-09-14 Kellogg Brown & Root LLC Systems and methods for improving ammonia synthesis efficiency

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1141031B (en) * 1980-08-29 1986-10-01 Snam Progetti PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF GASES CONTAINING HYDROGEN AND NITROGEN
EP2065337A1 (en) 2007-11-27 2009-06-03 Ammonia Casale S.A. Process for producing ammonia synthesis gas

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0106076A2 (en) * 1982-09-13 1984-04-25 The M. W. Kellogg Company Preparation of ammonia synthesis gas
EP0106076B1 (en) * 1982-09-13 1990-02-07 The M. W. Kellogg Company Preparation of ammonia synthesis gas
EP0212758A2 (en) * 1985-08-26 1987-03-04 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Process for the preparation of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon-containing feed
EP0212758A3 (en) * 1985-08-26 1988-07-20 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Process for the preparation of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon-containing feed
US5300275A (en) * 1990-01-08 1994-04-05 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Steam reforming
EP2364270A1 (en) * 2008-12-03 2011-09-14 Kellogg Brown & Root LLC Systems and methods for improving ammonia synthesis efficiency
EP2364270A4 (en) * 2008-12-03 2013-09-18 Kellogg Brown & Root Llc Systems and methods for improving ammonia synthesis efficiency

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1567608C3 (en) 1974-09-05
DE1567608A1 (en) 1970-07-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3264066A (en) Production of hydrogen
EP0437059B2 (en) Steam reforming
KR100547540B1 (en) Synthesis gas production by steam reforming using catalyzed hardware
US3094391A (en) Hydrocarbon conversion
EP0227807B1 (en) Production of synthesis gas using convective reforming
JPS5953245B2 (en) Methane gas
EP0212755B1 (en) Process and apparatus for producing synthesis gas
JPH023614A (en) Method for manufacturing methanol by single compression
AR245488A1 (en) Heat exchange steam-reforming process and reactor
GB2213496A (en) Production of hydrogen-containing gas streams
KR19980086722A (en) Method and Process for Manufacturing Ammonia Synthetic Gas
US1874801A (en) Process for the decomposition of hydrocarbons
US3743488A (en) Synthesis gas generation process
US1960912A (en) Process for the preparation of hydrogen
GB991523A (en) Production of hydrogen-containing gases particularly useful for ammonia synthesis
US2135694A (en) Process for the production of hydrogen
US2546606A (en) Synthesis gas preparation
US3972688A (en) Reactor for cracking hydrocarbons
DE3772730D1 (en) STEAM REFORMER WITH INTERNAL HEAT RECOVERY.
US2270897A (en) Method of making synthesis gas
JPS61127602A (en) Steam reforming of hydrocarbon
JPS6197105A (en) Steam reforming process of hydrocarbon
CA2341124A1 (en) Process for obtaining a heating fluid as indirect heat source for carrying out endothermic reactions
GB895038A (en) Process for the production of gases rich in hydrogen
JPS61122102A (en) Steam reforming of hydrocarbon