GB989803A - Improvements relating to organic semi-conductors - Google Patents

Improvements relating to organic semi-conductors

Info

Publication number
GB989803A
GB989803A GB952/62A GB95262A GB989803A GB 989803 A GB989803 A GB 989803A GB 952/62 A GB952/62 A GB 952/62A GB 95262 A GB95262 A GB 95262A GB 989803 A GB989803 A GB 989803A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
copolymer
semi
weight
solution
conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB952/62A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR852006A external-priority patent/FR1280973A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of GB989803A publication Critical patent/GB989803A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F220/00Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F220/02Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F220/42Nitriles
    • C08F220/44Acrylonitrile
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G79/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon with or without the latter elements in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G79/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon with or without the latter elements in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing phosphorus
    • C08G79/025Polyphosphazenes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G79/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon with or without the latter elements in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G79/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon with or without the latter elements in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing phosphorus
    • C08G79/04Phosphorus linked to oxygen or to oxygen and carbon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/28Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/06Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
    • H01B1/12Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
    • H01B3/447Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from acrylic compounds
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002Details
    • H01G4/018Dielectrics
    • H01G4/06Solid dielectrics
    • H01G4/14Organic dielectrics
    • H01G4/18Organic dielectrics of synthetic material, e.g. derivatives of cellulose
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Abstract

An organic semi-conductor consists basically of an emitter of ionizing radiation and a metallic salt Friedel-Craft catalyst dispersed in a copolymer of acrylonitrile and of one or more phosphonitriles substituted by halogen atoms or by hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, or substituted amino radicals. In the case of semi-conductor material used for rectifiers molybdenum sulphide or a mixture of this with lead sulphide is included in the composition in proportions of up to 20% by weight of the copolymer. The weight ratio in the copolymer of acrylonitrile residues to phosphonitrile residues is made between 0.5: 1 and 5.5: 1, and the metallic salt is present at between 0.1% and 2% by weight of the copolymer. The semiconductor is made by mixing solutions of the three components and by then evaporating the solvent or solvents. Radiation sources used are a -emitters such as compounds of U238 or b -emitters such as compounds of promethium or tritium. (Tritium is incorporated in compounds such as ethyl stearate or hydrocarbon oils.) it is stated that g -emitters may sometimes be preferred. The preferred metallic salt Friedel-Craft catalyst and the only example given is zinc chloride. In an example a copolymer is prepared by dissolving phosphonitrilic chloride in excess acrylonitrile, adding benzoyl peroxide as a catalyst, and heating the mixture to about 75 DEG C. in an atmosphere of nitrogen or carbon dioxide, the mixture being kept at this temperature until the reaction is completed. The excess acrylonitrile is separated from the precipitated white copolymer by evaporation. For making two examples of the semi-conductors the copolymer, which may contain polyacrylonitrile, polyphosphonitrile, and unpolymerized phosphonitrilic chloride as impurities, is dissolved by refluxing in dimethyl formamide. To some of this solution a dimethyl formamide solution of uranyl nitrate is added followed by a dimethyl formamide solution of zinc chloride. The semi-conductor is obtained by removal of the solvent, for example by casting the solution on to a planar surface and subjecting it to I.R. heating. The uranyl nitrate is present at a concentration of 2 parts by weight to 3 parts by weight of copolymer and the zinc chloride concentration is in the range 0.1 to 1% by weight of the copolymer. To make the second semi-conductor an aqueous solution of promethium chloride is added to some of the copolymer solution, a dimethyl formamide solution of zinc chloride added, and the solvents then evaporated. Composite semi-conductor bodies may be built up by casting successive layers of the same semiconductor or by casting layers of the two semi-conductors alternately one upon the other. The Specification describes the use of the materials in the production of rectifiers and capacitors (see Division H1).
GB952/62A 1961-01-10 1962-01-10 Improvements relating to organic semi-conductors Expired GB989803A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR849237A FR1285327A (en) 1961-01-10 1961-01-10 Organic semiconductors and method of preparation
FR852008A FR80409E (en) 1961-01-10 1961-02-08 Organic semiconductors and method of preparation
FR852009A FR80410E (en) 1961-01-10 1961-02-08 Organic semiconductors and method of preparation
FR852006A FR1280973A (en) 1961-02-08 1961-02-08 Smokeless propellant powder

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB989803A true GB989803A (en) 1965-04-22

Family

ID=27445262

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB952/62A Expired GB989803A (en) 1961-01-10 1962-01-10 Improvements relating to organic semi-conductors

Country Status (6)

Country Link
BE (1) BE612327A (en)
CH (1) CH415047A (en)
DE (1) DE1495005A1 (en)
FR (3) FR1285327A (en)
GB (1) GB989803A (en)
NL (1) NL273384A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2363279A1 (en) * 1972-12-20 1974-07-11 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2363279A1 (en) * 1972-12-20 1974-07-11 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR80410E (en) 1963-04-26
NL273384A (en)
FR80409E (en) 1963-04-26
DE1495005A1 (en) 1969-09-25
BE612327A (en)
CH415047A (en) 1966-06-15
FR1285327A (en) 1962-02-23

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