GB922650A - Improvements relating to processes for propagating chemical reactions - Google Patents

Improvements relating to processes for propagating chemical reactions

Info

Publication number
GB922650A
GB922650A GB3027659A GB3027659A GB922650A GB 922650 A GB922650 A GB 922650A GB 3027659 A GB3027659 A GB 3027659A GB 3027659 A GB3027659 A GB 3027659A GB 922650 A GB922650 A GB 922650A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
glycol
acid
liquid
mass
derived
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB3027659A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of GB922650A publication Critical patent/GB922650A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G85/00—General processes for preparing compounds provided for in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/22—Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
    • B01D1/222—In rotating vessels; vessels with movable parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J10/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting liquid with gaseous media other than in the presence of solid particles, or apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • B01J10/02—Chemical processes in general for reacting liquid with gaseous media other than in the presence of solid particles, or apparatus specially adapted therefor of the thin-film type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/78—Preparation processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/78—Preparation processes
    • C08G63/785—Preparation processes characterised by the apparatus used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G67/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing oxygen or oxygen and carbon, not provided for in groups C08G2/00 - C08G65/00
    • C08G67/04—Polyanhydrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
    • C08G69/04—Preparatory processes

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Polyamides (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

A process for propogating a chemical reaction in a liquid reaction mass which is at chemical equilibrium and which contains incompletely reacted reactants and at least one relatively volatile product of the reaction that must be removed to enable the reaction to be driven to a desired degree of completion comprises removing the reaction product from the mass by a process which includes the steps of applying the mass to at least a part of a surface of revolution having an upright axis, the mass being applied thereto in such a way that it is caused to flow downwardly over the surface in a film under the influence of gravity and at a temperature and reduced pressure which are such that at least a portion of said reaction product will leave the film by evaporation, so shifting the equilibrium in a direction to permit incompletely reacted reactants to react further, wiping the surface so as to remove the liquid residue of said film therefrom, the wiping step being so performed as simultaneously to accelerate the downward movement of said residue, which latter includes the desired reaction product and to recover the removed residue. Preferably evaporation is effected in a thin film using the apparatus described in Specification 825,438 in which the liquid falls down under gravity, under vacuum, the evaporating surface being wiped with a plurality of axially overlapping wiping edges of separate wiping elements, the working faces of which have oblique slots which remove the liquid. The removed liquid may be reapplied to the surface located below the first portion. The process may be applied to the manufacture of (a) dioctyl phthalate or esters derived from carbonic, oxalic, succinic, glutaric, adipic, pimelic, sebacic, hexadecamethylene dicarboxylic or phthalic acids with ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol or decamethylene glycol; and to polyesters derived from lactic acid, o -hydroxy decanoic acid and o -hydroxy-caproic acid (b) polyamides derived from pimelic, sebacic, phthalic and hexadecamethylene dicarboxylic acids, with pentamethylene diamine, benzidene, phenylene diamine and propylene diamine and from 5-amino caproic acid, 10-aminoundecanoic acid and caprolactam. (c) Polyethers derived from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol (d) polyanhydrides derived from adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, and hexadecamethylene dicarboxylic acid and (e) polyacetals derived from hydroxy aldehydes hydroxyketones or propionaldehydes, butyraldehyde benzaldehyde with glycols and (f) mixed polyesters-polyamides prepared by heating a mixture containing a dibasic acid , a glycol and a diamine. Specification 596,392 also is referred to.ALSO:A process for propagating a chemical reaction in a liquid reaction mass which is at chemical equilibrium and which contains incompletely reacted reactants and at least one relatively volatile product of the reaction that must be removed to enable the reaction to be driven to a desired degree of completion comprises removing the reaction product from the mass by a process which includes the steps of applying the mass to at least a part of a surface of revolution having an upright axis, the mass being applied thereto in such a way that it is caused to flow downwardly over the surface in a film under the influence of gravity and at a temperature and reduced pressure which are such that at least a portion of said reaction product will leave the film by evaporation, so shifting the equilibrium in a direction to permit incompletely reacted reactants to react further, wiping the surface so as to remove the liquid residue of said film therefrom, the wiping step being so performed as simultaneously to accelerate the downward movement of said residue, which latter includes the desired reaction product and to recover the removed residue. Preferably evaporation is effected in a thin film using the apparatus described in Specification 825,438 in which the liquid falls down under gravity, under vacuum, the evaporating surface being wiped with a plurality of axially overlapping wiping edges of separate wiping elements, the working faces of which have oblique slots which remove the liquid. The removed liquid may be reapplied to the surface located below the first portion. The process may be applied to the manufacture of (a) polyesters derived from carbonic, oxalic, succinic, glutaric, adipic, pimelic, sebacic, hexadecamethylene dicarboxylic or phthalic acids with ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol or decamethylene glycol; and to polyesters derived from lactic acid, o -hydroxy decanoic acid and o -hydroxycaproic acid, (b) polyamides derived from pimelic, sebacic, phthalic and hexadecamethylene dicarboxylic acids, with pentamethylene diamine, benzidene, phenylene diamine and propylene diamine and from 5-amino caproic acid, 10-aminoundecanoic acid and caprolactam, (c) polyethers derived from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, (d) polyanhydrides derived from adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, and hexadecamethylene dicarboxylic acid and (e) polyacetals derived from hydroxy aldehydes, hydroxy ketones or propionaldehydes, butyraldehyde benzaldehyde with glycols and (f) mixed polyesters-polyamides prepared by heating a mixture containing a dibasic acid, a glycol and a diamine. Specification 596,392 also is referred to.ALSO:A process for propagating an esterification reaction in a liquid reaction mass which is at chemical equilibrium and which contains incompletely reacted reactants comprises removing the water of esterification from the mass by a process which includes the steps of applying the mass to at least a part of a surface of revolution having an upright axis, the mass being applied thereto in such a way that it is caused to flow downwardly over the surface in a film under the influence of gravity and at a temperature and reduced pressure which are such that at least a portion of said water will leave the film by evaporation, so shifting the equilibrium in a direction to permit incompletely reacted reactants to react further, wiping the surface so as to remove the liquid residue of said film therefrom, the wiping step being so performed as simultaneously to accelerate the downward movement of said residue, which latter includes the desired ester and to recover the removed residue. Preferably evaporation is effected in a thin film using the apparatus described in Specification 825,438 in which the liquid falls down under gravity, under vacuum, the evaporating surface being wiped with a plurality of axially overlapping wiping edges of separate wiping elements, the working faces of which have oblique slots which remove the liquid. The removed liquid may be reapplied to the surface located below the first portion. The process may be applied to the manufacture of dioctyl phthalate by reacting phthalic anhydride with 2-ethylhexyl alcohol in the presence of carbon dioxide, which acts as a sweep gas and a mild catalyst. Zinc fluoride or zinc chloride may also be used as catalyst. The preparation of dioctyl and didecyl azelates, and of dioctyl sebacate, is referred to. Specification 596,392 also is referred to.
GB3027659A 1958-09-09 1959-09-04 Improvements relating to processes for propagating chemical reactions Expired GB922650A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US75991958A 1958-09-09 1958-09-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB922650A true GB922650A (en) 1963-04-03

Family

ID=25057464

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB3027659A Expired GB922650A (en) 1958-09-09 1959-09-04 Improvements relating to processes for propagating chemical reactions

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CH (1) CH401049A (en)
FR (1) FR1240141A (en)
GB (1) GB922650A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104117333A (en) * 2014-08-12 2014-10-29 无锡阿科力科技股份有限公司 Device for producing polyetheramine by using continuous method
CN113477087A (en) * 2021-06-28 2021-10-08 浙江工业大学 Polyester modified polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane and preparation method thereof

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2447941A2 (en) * 1979-02-01 1980-08-29 Ato Chimie Block poly(etheresteramide) co:polycondensates - prepd. in thin layer reactor between rotor and stator

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104117333A (en) * 2014-08-12 2014-10-29 无锡阿科力科技股份有限公司 Device for producing polyetheramine by using continuous method
CN104117333B (en) * 2014-08-12 2015-11-04 无锡阿科力科技股份有限公司 The process units of continuity method polyetheramine
CN113477087A (en) * 2021-06-28 2021-10-08 浙江工业大学 Polyester modified polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane and preparation method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH401049A (en) 1965-10-31
FR1240141A (en) 1960-09-02

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