GB921366A - Process and apparatus for controlling counter-current electro-migration apparatus - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for controlling counter-current electro-migration apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- GB921366A GB921366A GB8151/60A GB815160A GB921366A GB 921366 A GB921366 A GB 921366A GB 8151/60 A GB8151/60 A GB 8151/60A GB 815160 A GB815160 A GB 815160A GB 921366 A GB921366 A GB 921366A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- switch
- current
- cathode
- electrolyte
- solenoid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D59/00—Separation of different isotopes of the same chemical element
- B01D59/38—Separation by electrochemical methods
- B01D59/42—Separation by electrochemical methods by electromigration; by electrophoresis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/20—Automatic control or regulation of cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/005—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells of cells for the electrolysis of melts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/06—Operating or servicing
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
921,366. Fused-electrolyte processes; measurements in electrolytes. COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE. March 8, 1960 [April 3, 1959], No. 8151/60. Classes 37 and 41. A method of electrolysing a fused salt, e.g. to separate Li isotopes, in which an electrolyte, e.g. Br, is continuously added to the bath to assist in the dissolution of the metal which tends to be deposited at the cathode, e.g. the unwanted slower isotopes of Li, comprising measuring periodically the instantaneous voltage between the cathode 12 and a reference electrode 13 adjacent thereto, and utilizing the measured voltage to operate a relay to control the supply of electrolysis current. The added Br produces a flow of electrolyte from the cathode 12 to the anode 13, the flow tending to prevent the slow isotopes from reaching the cathode. The apparatus operates as follows : electrolysis voltage is supplied across the cathode 12 and anode 15 of a cell 1, 2 from the mains 7 and transformer 8 so long as a switch 21 is closed, i.e. so long as mercury remains in a compartment 25 from which it dribbles at a known rate to a compartment 26. A galvanometer 14 measures the potential across the cathode 12 and the reference electrode 13 as soon as the electrolysis current is interrupted by the switch 21, and if this potential is zero (as when the electrodes 12, 13 are of the same material) or small, e.g. less than 0.2 volts (as when they are of different materials) the needle 17 touches a contact 19 to pass current through a solenoid 22 via a normally closed switch 33 (circuit PNM) and thus tilt the switch 21 and reset it for a further predetermined period, e.g. 45 minutes. If the potential across the electrodes 12, 13 exceeds zero or 0.2 volts, however, as the ease may be, the switch 17, 19 remains open and therefore so does the switch 21, to be re-set when the metal deposited on the cathode 12 is dissolved and the reference potential approaches zero. The switch 33 sets a time limit to this resetting, however, for after a predetermined period after the interruption of the electrolysis current and of the current through a solenoid 34 in series with the switch 21 (circuit PQRTSV) the switch 33 opens and cannot be re-set automatically, since closing of 17, 19 will not now send a current through the solenoid 22 to close the switch 21 and thus energize the solenoid 34. The electrolyte may comprise 70% LiBr and 30% KBr (parts by weight) the bromine from the anode 15 being recirculated to the cathode 12 to establish counter-current flow of electrolyte. A porous filling 4, e.g. of zirconia, separates the electrode compartments 1, 2, and the electrodes 12, 13, 15 may be of graphite. A current of 0.4 amps. is mentioned, and a temperature of 460 C., the control mechanism being adapted to stop and start an auxiliary heating system in synchronism with the electrolysis current, the heating being initiated when the current is interrupted and vice versa. The process is applicable to K and V cations, and the added material may be a salt, e.g. NH 4 NO 3 , if the anion is, e.g. a nitrate.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR791228A FR1230639A (en) | 1959-04-03 | 1959-04-03 | Safety device for a counter-current electromigration installation |
FR861294A FR81859E (en) | 1959-04-03 | 1961-05-09 | Safety device for a counter-current electromigration installation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB921366A true GB921366A (en) | 1963-03-20 |
Family
ID=26183926
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8151/60A Expired GB921366A (en) | 1959-04-03 | 1960-03-08 | Process and apparatus for controlling counter-current electro-migration apparatus |
GB17849/62A Expired GB986013A (en) | 1959-04-03 | 1962-05-09 | Process and apparatus for detecting asymmetry in an electrolyte |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB17849/62A Expired GB986013A (en) | 1959-04-03 | 1962-05-09 | Process and apparatus for detecting asymmetry in an electrolyte |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3257293A (en) |
BE (2) | BE616879A (en) |
CA (2) | CA637031A (en) |
CH (2) | CH365368A (en) |
DE (2) | DE1125890B (en) |
ES (1) | ES256449A1 (en) |
FR (2) | FR1230639A (en) |
GB (2) | GB921366A (en) |
LU (2) | LU41641A1 (en) |
NL (2) | NL278115A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3317413A (en) * | 1963-09-23 | 1967-05-02 | Pechiney Cie De Produits | Control of alumina content during igneous electrolysis |
US20090308810A1 (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2009-12-17 | Zonnewater B.V. | Separation Apparatus and Method |
TW200840120A (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2008-10-01 | Industrie De Nora Spa | Electrochemical cell and method for operating the same |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2566308A (en) * | 1947-02-07 | 1951-09-04 | Aubrey K Brewer | Process and apparatus for the electrochemical separation of chemicals by ion migration |
US2759887A (en) * | 1951-01-24 | 1956-08-21 | John A Miles | Cathodic protection regulator |
BE552673A (en) * | 1955-11-24 | |||
NL219618A (en) * | 1956-08-06 | |||
FR1207421A (en) * | 1957-12-20 | 1960-02-16 | Saint Gobain | Process for separating isotopes of alkali metals and in particular lithium, and devices for carrying out this process |
-
0
- NL NL249173D patent/NL249173A/xx unknown
- NL NL278115D patent/NL278115A/xx unknown
- CA CA709823A patent/CA709823A/en not_active Expired
- BE BE588496D patent/BE588496A/xx unknown
- CA CA637031A patent/CA637031A/en not_active Expired
- BE BE616879D patent/BE616879A/xx unknown
- LU LU38375D patent/LU38375A1/xx unknown
-
1959
- 1959-04-03 FR FR791228A patent/FR1230639A/en not_active Expired
-
1960
- 1960-03-08 GB GB8151/60A patent/GB921366A/en not_active Expired
- 1960-03-10 CH CH269260A patent/CH365368A/en unknown
- 1960-03-11 ES ES0256449A patent/ES256449A1/en not_active Expired
- 1960-04-04 DE DEC21136A patent/DE1125890B/en active Pending
-
1961
- 1961-05-09 FR FR861294A patent/FR81859E/en not_active Expired
-
1962
- 1962-04-10 US US186538A patent/US3257293A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1962-05-03 LU LU41641D patent/LU41641A1/xx unknown
- 1962-05-08 CH CH550462A patent/CH424733A/en unknown
- 1962-05-09 GB GB17849/62A patent/GB986013A/en not_active Expired
- 1962-05-09 DE DEC26945A patent/DE1262980B/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL278115A (en) | |
LU38375A1 (en) | |
DE1125890B (en) | 1962-03-22 |
GB986013A (en) | 1965-03-17 |
NL249173A (en) | |
CH365368A (en) | 1962-11-15 |
US3257293A (en) | 1966-06-21 |
FR1230639A (en) | 1960-09-19 |
DE1262980B (en) | 1968-03-14 |
CA637031A (en) | 1962-02-20 |
LU41641A1 (en) | 1962-07-03 |
CH424733A (en) | 1966-11-30 |
BE616879A (en) | |
ES256449A1 (en) | 1960-09-16 |
CA709823A (en) | 1965-05-18 |
BE588496A (en) | |
FR81859E (en) | 1963-11-22 |
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