GB857587A - Method of making hydrogen and uses thereof - Google Patents
Method of making hydrogen and uses thereofInfo
- Publication number
- GB857587A GB857587A GB15580/57A GB1558057A GB857587A GB 857587 A GB857587 A GB 857587A GB 15580/57 A GB15580/57 A GB 15580/57A GB 1558057 A GB1558057 A GB 1558057A GB 857587 A GB857587 A GB 857587A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- hydrocarbon
- steam
- hydrogen
- carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/463—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension in stationary fluidised beds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/22—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
- C01B3/24—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
- C01B3/28—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using moving solid particles
- C01B3/30—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using moving solid particles using the fluidised bed technique
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/40—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts characterised by the catalyst
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/466—Entrained flow processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
- C01B2203/1052—Nickel or cobalt catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/06—Catalysts as integral part of gasifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
- C10J2300/0933—Coal fines for producing water gas
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S48/00—Gas: heating and illuminating
- Y10S48/04—Powdered fuel injection
Abstract
Hydrogen is produced by decomposing a hydrocarbon or interacting carbon and steam at a temperature of 850-1600 DEG F., preferably 1300 DEG F., in the presence of cobalt molybdate, or a mixture of cobaltous oxide and molybdic trioxide, as catalyst. The mol ratio of cobaltous oxide to molybdic trioxide is 0.1:1 to 1:0.1. The pressure is 0-1000 p.s.i.g., preferably atmospheric-200 p.s.i.g. The reactant flow rate is 1-500 v./v./hr., preferably 50-100 v./v./hr. The catalyst may be supported on alumina, zirconia, magnesia, silica, silica-alumina, or kieselguhr, e.g. in an amount of 1.0-25%, preferably in an amount of 15%. The catalyst may be in a fixed bed. Alternatively it may be fluidised in a vaporous or gaseous hydrocarbon or steam, or suspended in a liquid hydrocarbon. 0.25-1 mol of steam per atom of carbon in the hydrocarbon may be present. The hydrocarbon may be methane, ethane, propane, a C4-C6 hydrocarbon, a mono- or diolefin, natural gas, gasoline, kerosene, gas oil, a naphthene, crude petroleum, a crude petroleum residue, tar or asphalt. 1-50% of free carbon based on the catalyst, and 1 mol of steam per atom of carbon, may be employed. The carbon may be in the form of coal or coke. According to Fig. 1 (not shown), methane, or natural gas, optionally together with steam, is preheated and then passed through one or both of two reactors containing cobalt molybdate or alumina and arranged in parallel. One reactor may be on stream while the other is being regenerated by the passage of steam therethrough. The product or unreacted methane separated therefrom may be recycled. Methane may be separated by selective adsorption and/or fractional distillation. Methane may be selectively adsorbed on a solid adsorbent at a temperature of -150-600 DEG F. and a pressure of 15-500 p.s.i.g. in a separation zone and stripped therefrom in a separate stripping zone by means of a steam heating coil. According to Fig. 2 (not shown), natural gas is preheated by indirect heat exchange with product hydrogen, is contacted with a fluidised bed of cobalt molybdate catalyst at a temperature of 1300 DEG F. &c. and a pressure of 25 p.s.i.g. and the product is separated from entrained catalyst in one or more cyclones. The catalyst is passed from the reaction zone to a stripping zone wherein it is stripped with steam, then to a regeneration zone together with the stripped gas wherein combustion is effected with added oxygen, e.g. at a temperature of 1100-1800 DEG F. and a pressure of 0-750 p.s.i.g., and then recycled to the reaction zone. Tables are given specifying various temperatures, pressures, flow rates, reaction times, steam concentrations and product analyses. The hydrogen-producing process may form part of a cyclic process for the production of hydrocarbons having a comparatively high hydrogen to carbon ratio, e.g. gasoline, and heating and lubricating oil, from hydrocarbons having a comparatively low hydrogen to carbon ratio. In this cyclic process gaseous hydrocarbon is converted according to the invention into hydrogen, this hydrogen is admixed with vaporized liquid feed hydrocarbon, and the mixture is passed over a liquid hydrocarbon conversion catalyst to produce the liquid hydrocarbon product together with gaseous hydrocarbon which is separated and recycled. The latter conversion may be a hydrofining, hydrocracking, hydroforming or hydrogenation operation. A gaseous hydrocarbon, e.g. methane, ethane or propane, may be introduced into the cycle either with the feed hydrocarbon or to the gaseous product after the liquid hydrocarbon conversion step. The temperature during conversion may be 500-1000 DEG F. and is preferably 600-900 DEG F. The pressure may be 15-900 p.s.i.g., and is preferably 15-600 p.s.i.g. The space velocity may be 0.5-15 v./v./ hr. The catalyst may be chromium, nickel, molybdenum, cobalt, platinum, palladium, tungsten, or titanium, or an oxide or sulphide thereof, or cobalt molybdate, or a mixture of two or more thereof, and may be supported. The catalyst may comprise 1-50% and is preferably 15% of the weight of catalyst and support. The catalyst may be in a fixed or fluidised bed. According to Fig. 5 (not shown), a crude residue containing asphaltic components, optionally together with natural gas, is preheated, admixed with recycled product hydrogen, and passed through a fixed bed conversion catalyst of cobalt molybdate or platinum. The converted hydrocarbon is separated into liquid hydrocarbon product, which is subjected to fractional distillation, and gaseous hydrocarbon, which is passed, optionally together with natural gas, through a fixed bed of cobalt molybdate catalyst to produce hydrogen, which is recycled. All or a portion of the separated gaseous hydrocarbon may be scrubbed before passing to the hydrogen-producing step. According to Fig. 3 (not shown), heavy hydrocarbons are passed through a static bed so as to deposit carbon, whereafter steam is passed through so as to remove the carbon. According to Fig. 4 (not shown) coal is reacted with steam in a fluidised bed, the catalyst being recycled to the bed after separation of ash in a separate fluidised bed.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US587700A US2911293A (en) | 1956-05-28 | 1956-05-28 | Production of gas |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB857587A true GB857587A (en) | 1961-01-04 |
Family
ID=24350842
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB15580/57A Expired GB857587A (en) | 1956-05-28 | 1957-05-16 | Method of making hydrogen and uses thereof |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2911293A (en) |
GB (1) | GB857587A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103332650A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-10-02 | 东南大学 | System and method for simultaneous dry-method hydrogen production from catalytic methane decomposition and carbon dioxide separation |
CN107548446A (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2018-01-05 | 通用电气石油和天然气公司 | Prepare the hydrocarbon stream for storage |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
MXPA05009283A (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2007-02-27 | Mexicano Inst Petrol | Method of preparing a catalytic composition for the hydroprocessing of petroleum fractions. |
DE102018222463A1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Basf Se | Method and device for producing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and a carbon-containing product |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2393288A (en) * | 1943-07-06 | 1946-01-22 | Union Oil Co | Process for the catalytic reforming of hydrocarbon mixtures |
US2440236A (en) * | 1944-05-03 | 1948-04-27 | Union Oil Co | Catalyst |
US2421636A (en) * | 1944-05-29 | 1947-06-03 | Gen Electric | Tunable magnetron |
US2643939A (en) * | 1948-09-15 | 1953-06-30 | Anglo Iranian Oil Co Ltd | Process for recovery of sulfur from sulfur-contaminated metallic catalysts |
US2652319A (en) * | 1949-01-03 | 1953-09-15 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Process for water-gas generation |
US2694623A (en) * | 1949-05-14 | 1954-11-16 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Process for enrichment of water gas |
-
1956
- 1956-05-28 US US587700A patent/US2911293A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1957
- 1957-05-16 GB GB15580/57A patent/GB857587A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103332650A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-10-02 | 东南大学 | System and method for simultaneous dry-method hydrogen production from catalytic methane decomposition and carbon dioxide separation |
CN103332650B (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2014-12-17 | 东南大学 | System and method for simultaneous dry-method hydrogen production from catalytic methane decomposition and carbon dioxide separation |
CN107548446A (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2018-01-05 | 通用电气石油和天然气公司 | Prepare the hydrocarbon stream for storage |
US10928128B2 (en) | 2015-05-04 | 2021-02-23 | GE Oil & Gas, Inc. | Preparing hydrocarbon streams for storage |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US2911293A (en) | 1959-11-03 |
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