GB855216A - Improvements relating to the coating of moving webs - Google Patents
Improvements relating to the coating of moving websInfo
- Publication number
- GB855216A GB855216A GB34689/58A GB3468958A GB855216A GB 855216 A GB855216 A GB 855216A GB 34689/58 A GB34689/58 A GB 34689/58A GB 3468958 A GB3468958 A GB 3468958A GB 855216 A GB855216 A GB 855216A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- web
- silver halide
- emulsion
- coated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title abstract 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title abstract 19
- -1 albumen Polymers 0.000 abstract 8
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 abstract 4
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000206672 Gelidium Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001290 polyvinyl ester Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
- D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
- D21H23/46—Pouring or allowing the fluid to flow in a continuous stream on to the surface, the entire stream being carried away by the paper
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H5/00—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for
- D21H5/0005—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to finished paper or board, e.g. impregnating, coating
- D21H5/0042—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to finished paper or board, e.g. impregnating, coating by pouring or allowing to flow in a continuous stream onto the surface, the entire stream being carried away by the paper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/26—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
- B05D1/265—Extrusion coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2252/00—Sheets
- B05D2252/02—Sheets of indefinite length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
- B05D3/0493—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases using vacuum
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
855,216. Coating by extrusion; laminates. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO., E. I. Oct. 29, 1958 [Nov. 8, 1957], No. 34689/58. Class 140. The coating of a moving web of paper or film with an aqueous high viscosity solution of a water-permeable organic colloid is effected by extruding the coating on to the web, travelling at a higher speed of the order 2 to 2000 times that of the extrudate, at a temperature above that at which the coating sets but below 105 F. and at a sub-atmospheric pressure below the " static equilibrium pressure " and between the (lower) " air occlusion pressure " and the (still lower) " apparent equilibrium pressure " whilst continuously removing water vapour from the coating zone, the condensible vapours in the zone consisting substantially entirely of those evolved from the solution. The abovementioned pressures are respectively that at which the coating liquid normally boils at the operating temperature, that at which air begins to be trapped beneath the coating, and that to which the surrounding atmosphere can, it is found, be reduced, depending on the conditions of extrusion, without boiling of the coating liquid. The process is applicable to the coating, for photographic purposes, of film base and papers with dispersions or emulsions, in water or ethanol, of hydrophilic colloids, such as gelatin, albumen, agar-agar, polyamides, polyvinyl alcohol, partly hydrolized polyvinyl esters, and polyvinyl acetals, as such or containing silver halides, hardeners, waterproofing materials, light-filtering dyes and pigments, magnetizable materials or phosphors ; it is also applicable to the application of adhesives and surface layers to textiles and paper. The process can be used with materials having viscosities generally within the range 1000 to 100,000 centipoises and solids content between 20 and 65%. Web speeds up to 2400 feet per minute may be employed. The carrier liquid is stated to separate on the surface of the coating and may be removed by evaporation in the applied low pressure, with or without radiant heating as by electrically heated panels, or by mechanical means such as sponge-faced rolls or air-knives. As shown, a web 2 is coated with a ribbon 15, extruded from a heated or cooled extrusion hopper 7 having an adjustable nozzle, while passing over a coating roller 6. The coated web passes over a roller 8 which is arcuately adjustable about the point 17 on roller 6. To reduce trapping of air beneath the coating the ribbon 15 is arranged to contact the web below the point 17, and, according to the speed of coating the angle theta between the nozzle and the coated web may be adjusted for optimum working between 178 and 184 degrees. The apparatus shown is enclosed in an evacuable chamber having inlet and outlet sealing rolls for the web or enclosing the supply and take-up reels therefor. The hopper 7 may be designed for multiple coating as described in Specification 800,527. Examples describe the coating of gelatino silver halide emulsion on to a gelatinecoated cellulose acetate web, the coating of a similar emulsion on to a polyethylene terephthalate web precoated with a vinylidenemethacrylate-itaconic acid copolymer itself coated with gelatine, the simultaneous coating of a polyethylene terephthalate web with (a) an aqueous silver halide gelatine emulsion and an anti-abrasion gelatin solution; and (b) coloured aqueous silver halide polyvinyl acetal emulsions, and the coating of a cellulose acetate web with an aqueous silver halide polyvinyl alcohol emulsion. Specifications 703,802, 705,950, 718,422, 755,151, 758,401, 799,618 and U.S.A. Specifications 2,139,628, 2,538,257, 2,681,294 and 2,765,492 also are referred to.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US695341A US3082144A (en) | 1957-11-08 | 1957-11-08 | Extrusion coating under reduced pressure |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB855216A true GB855216A (en) | 1960-11-30 |
Family
ID=24792602
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB34689/58A Expired GB855216A (en) | 1957-11-08 | 1958-10-29 | Improvements relating to the coating of moving webs |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3082144A (en) |
BE (1) | BE572753A (en) |
FR (1) | FR1227231A (en) |
GB (1) | GB855216A (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3206323A (en) * | 1962-06-12 | 1965-09-14 | Eastman Kodak Co | Coating high viscosity liquids |
GB1278924A (en) * | 1970-02-06 | 1972-06-21 | Ici Ltd | Improvements in synthetic film materials |
US4113815A (en) * | 1974-07-11 | 1978-09-12 | Yuzo Kawamura | Method for manufacturing composition including fine particles dispersed therein |
US4051278A (en) * | 1975-06-06 | 1977-09-27 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method for reducing mottle in coating a support with a liquid coating composition |
US4041198A (en) * | 1975-10-01 | 1977-08-09 | General Steel Industries, Inc. | Apparatus and method for forming water stops on insulated pipe |
DE2861486D1 (en) * | 1977-11-21 | 1982-02-18 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Process for the application of soldering masks to printed circuits with through holes for contacting |
EP0031301A1 (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1981-07-01 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Process and apparatus for coating photographic record carriers with photographic coating compositions |
EP0136534B1 (en) * | 1983-09-06 | 1990-06-13 | Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. | Method of forming a large surface area integrated circuit |
DE3424884C1 (en) * | 1984-07-06 | 1986-02-20 | Du Pont de Nemours (Deutschland) GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | Device for applying at least one pouring layer and method for operating this device |
CN85100851B (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1988-03-30 | 王仲钧 | Method of coating by vertical drawing liquid curtain |
US5194190A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1993-03-16 | General Electric Company | Process for impregantion of glass fiber reinforcement with thermoplastic resins |
JP2841923B2 (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1998-12-24 | 日本製紙株式会社 | Manufacturing method of coated paper for printing |
US20050218066A1 (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-06 | Nordson Corporation | Hot melt adhesive system with ultrasonic filter and filtering method |
US20070095661A1 (en) | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-03 | Yi Wang | Method of making, and, analyte sensor |
KR100840049B1 (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2008-06-19 | 닛토덴코 가부시키가이샤 | Process for producing polarizing film and liquid crystal display |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1180255A (en) * | 1914-05-14 | 1916-04-18 | Ansco Company | Process for coating and drying photographic papers, photographic-film support, and similar manufactures. |
US1861918A (en) * | 1928-01-30 | 1932-06-07 | Eastman Kodak Co | Process of conditioning photographic films |
US2175125A (en) * | 1937-06-15 | 1939-10-03 | Reynolds Res Corp | Method for forming films and film coatings |
BE513714A (en) * | 1951-08-23 | 1900-01-01 | ||
BE530377A (en) * | 1953-08-19 | |||
BE530378A (en) * | 1953-08-20 | 1900-01-01 |
-
0
- BE BE572753D patent/BE572753A/xx unknown
-
1957
- 1957-11-08 US US695341A patent/US3082144A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1958
- 1958-10-29 GB GB34689/58A patent/GB855216A/en not_active Expired
- 1958-11-07 FR FR778629A patent/FR1227231A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR1227231A (en) | 1960-08-19 |
US3082144A (en) | 1963-03-19 |
BE572753A (en) | 1900-01-01 |
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