GB830960A - Improvements in the gasification of hydrocarbon-containing oils - Google Patents
Improvements in the gasification of hydrocarbon-containing oilsInfo
- Publication number
- GB830960A GB830960A GB35466/54A GB3546654A GB830960A GB 830960 A GB830960 A GB 830960A GB 35466/54 A GB35466/54 A GB 35466/54A GB 3546654 A GB3546654 A GB 3546654A GB 830960 A GB830960 A GB 830960A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- vessel
- hydrogen
- bed
- cooler
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/22—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
- C01B3/24—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
- C01B3/28—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using moving solid particles
- C01B3/30—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using moving solid particles using the fluidised bed technique
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/384—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts the catalyst being continuously externally heated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/48—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C9/00—Aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons
- C07C9/02—Aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons with one to four carbon atoms
- C07C9/04—Methane
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0283—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/0475—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
- C01B2203/1052—Nickel or cobalt catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1258—Pre-treatment of the feed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1258—Pre-treatment of the feed
- C01B2203/1264—Catalytic pre-treatment of the feed
- C01B2203/127—Catalytic desulfurisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/26—Fuel gas
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
Abstract
<PICT:0830960/III/1> <PICT:0830960/III/2> A gas containing gaseous hydrocarbons is produced by passing a hydrocarbon-containing oil and a hydrogen-containing gas under a pressure of at least 3 atmospheres through a bed of a particulate solid material maintained by the gas in the fluidized state and having a temperature of at least 500 DEG C. To produce town gas a heavy fuel oil is treated in a fluidized bed within a vessel 10, Fig. 1, to hydrogenate the more readily reactive constituents at 750 DEG C., the tar being recovered from the gases produced and hydrogenated at 900 DEG C. in a fluidized bed within vessel 11, the pressure being 50 atmospheres in both vessels. The oil is injected at 18 into an upriser 15 and is carried together with fluidized material from stand pipe 13, by the hydrogen-containing gas from line 16 into the vessel 10. The resulting gases pass into vessel 26 for completion of the hydrogenation and then through cooler 27 to condense tar, cooler 28 to condense benzole and washer 29 to remove hydrogen sulfide. Part of the gas is tapped off at 30 to form the hydrogenating gas. This is passed by a blower 37 through a vessel 38 to remove organic sulphur compounds for example by means of alkaline iron oxide at 220 DEG C. Steam and oxygen are then admitted at 39, 40 and the gaseous mixture decomposed in vessel 41 by means of a nickel catalyst at 900 DEG C. into hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the carbon monoxide being then converted by reaction with the excess of steam in vessel 42 and the carbon dioxide removed in a vessel 43. The hydrogenating gas is pre-heated to 350-400 DEG C. at 44 before being supplied to vessels 10, 11 and stand pipes 13, 22. The tar from cooler 27 is injected at 19 into the lower end of an upriser 20 together with solid particles from stand pipe 22 and hydrogenating gas. The gases from vessels 11, 22 are passed through a cooler 31 to remove tar, consisting mainly of crude naphthalene, a cooler 32, to remove benzole, and a hydrogen sulphide washer 33. The gas from washer 33 is mixed at 34 with the portion of the gas from washer 29 which is not used for producing the hydrogenating gas. The mixed gas in line 35 is diluted with nitrogen introduced from line 36 to provide the required town gas. In another embodiment, in which a hydrogen-rich gas is produced, Fig. 2, three fluidized beds 51, 52, 53 are maintained within a vessel 50. A crude petroleum oil is introduced into bed 52, the more reactive constituents being hydrogenated at about 800 DEG C. A light petroleum distillate is hydrogenated in bed 51 at about 700 DEG C. Tar from the beds 51, 52 is hydrogenated at about 900 DEG C. in bed 53. All the hydrogenations are carried out at 30 atmospheres pressure. The resulting gases are passed into cooler 55 in which the tar is condensed which is supplied to bed 53, a cooler 56 to remove benzole, and a hydrogen sulphide washer 57. Organic sulphur compounds are removed in vessel 58 and after the addition of steam at 59 the gaseous mixture is decomposed to form hydrogen and carbon monoxide at 900 DEG C. over a nickel catalyst in vessel 60 the gaseous mixture being pre-heated to 700 DEG C. in a pre-heater 63 by heat exchange with the hot gases leaving the catalyst tubes. 64 is a turbine in which the gases are expanded to five atmospheres. Carbon monoxide is converted with excess of steam by means of an iron-chromium catalyst at 300 DEG C. in vessel 65 into hydrogen. The carbon dioxide so formed is removed at 66, and the gas is cooled to atmosspheric temperature in a cooler 67. A part of the hydrogen-rich gas is withdrawn as product gas at 68 the remainder being passed through compressor 70, pre-heater 71, and line 74 to coils 79, 80 in beds 51, 52, and is discharged at 81 into the space beneath the lowermost bed 53. Coke particles used for the fluidized bed 53 are continuously withdrawn through pipe 76 and returned to bed 51 so that there is a continual downward movement of the particles through the series of beds. The product gas may have the following composition in percentages by volume, carbon dioxide 2.0, carbon monoxide 4.3, hydrogen 91.0, and methane 2.7. In a modification the hydrocarbon containing gas is reacted with oxygen or oxygen and steam at 30 atmosphers pressure instead of the gas being first expanded. In further forms the hydrogenating gas is obtained from a separate source for example water gas may be used.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB35466/54A GB830960A (en) | 1954-12-07 | 1954-12-07 | Improvements in the gasification of hydrocarbon-containing oils |
DEG18532A DE1021122B (en) | 1954-12-07 | 1955-12-06 | Process for the production of gas from an oil containing hydrocarbons |
FR8880A FR1232303A (en) | 1954-12-07 | 1955-12-07 | Process for gasification of oils containing hydrocarbons and installation for its implementation |
US842251A US3178272A (en) | 1954-12-07 | 1959-09-25 | Gasification of hydrocarboncontaining oils |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB35466/54A GB830960A (en) | 1954-12-07 | 1954-12-07 | Improvements in the gasification of hydrocarbon-containing oils |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB830960A true GB830960A (en) | 1960-03-23 |
Family
ID=10378039
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB35466/54A Expired GB830960A (en) | 1954-12-07 | 1954-12-07 | Improvements in the gasification of hydrocarbon-containing oils |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3178272A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1021122B (en) |
FR (1) | FR1232303A (en) |
GB (1) | GB830960A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3942957A (en) | 1973-05-14 | 1976-03-09 | British Gas Corporation | Production of combustible gases |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3531267A (en) * | 1965-06-17 | 1970-09-29 | Chevron Res | Process for manufacturing fuel gas and synthesis gas |
US3480417A (en) * | 1967-09-26 | 1969-11-25 | United Aircraft Corp | Hydrogen generator including a desulfurizer employing a feed-back ejector |
US3476535A (en) * | 1967-09-26 | 1969-11-04 | United Aircraft Corp | Hydrogen generator including desulfurization with diffused hydrogen feedback |
US3476534A (en) * | 1967-09-26 | 1969-11-04 | United Aircraft Corp | Hydrogen generator including desulfurization with low pressure hydrogen feedback |
US4025318A (en) * | 1975-09-18 | 1977-05-24 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Gasification of hydrocarbon feedstocks |
US4090942A (en) * | 1976-05-19 | 1978-05-23 | Gulf Research & Development Company | Process for producing benzene |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2042326A (en) * | 1935-01-26 | 1936-05-26 | Charles F Weed | Folding table |
US2330089A (en) * | 1939-01-13 | 1943-09-21 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Multistage catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons |
US2268187A (en) * | 1939-01-26 | 1941-12-30 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Catalytic cracking method |
US2573906A (en) * | 1944-12-18 | 1951-11-06 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Multistage catalytic conversion of bituminous solids |
US2639982A (en) * | 1949-04-30 | 1953-05-26 | Hydrocarbon Research Inc | Production of fuel gas from carbonaceous solids |
US2738307A (en) * | 1951-04-09 | 1956-03-13 | Sinclair Refining Co | Hydrocracking of heavy oils |
US2759806A (en) * | 1953-02-16 | 1956-08-21 | Inst Gas Technology | Method of making a fuel gas |
US2894897A (en) * | 1954-05-28 | 1959-07-14 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Hydrocarbon conversion process in the presence of added hydrogen |
-
1954
- 1954-12-07 GB GB35466/54A patent/GB830960A/en not_active Expired
-
1955
- 1955-12-06 DE DEG18532A patent/DE1021122B/en active Pending
- 1955-12-07 FR FR8880A patent/FR1232303A/en not_active Expired
-
1959
- 1959-09-25 US US842251A patent/US3178272A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3942957A (en) | 1973-05-14 | 1976-03-09 | British Gas Corporation | Production of combustible gases |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1021122B (en) | 1957-12-19 |
FR1232303A (en) | 1960-10-07 |
US3178272A (en) | 1965-04-13 |
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