GB821229A - Method of manufacturing electrically conductive membranes - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing electrically conductive membranesInfo
- Publication number
- GB821229A GB821229A GB35692/55A GB3569255A GB821229A GB 821229 A GB821229 A GB 821229A GB 35692/55 A GB35692/55 A GB 35692/55A GB 3569255 A GB3569255 A GB 3569255A GB 821229 A GB821229 A GB 821229A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- ion
- chloride
- solvent
- cast
- styrene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2268—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds, and by reactions not involving this type of bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2353/00—Characterised by the use of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2353/02—Characterised by the use of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers of vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Abstract
A solid electrolytically-conductive, selectively permeable, unfractured ion-exchange membrane of an insoluble, infusible, solid polymer in which the ion-exchange groups have a dissociation constant of at least 10-5 and an ion-exchange capacity of at least 0.3 milliequivalents per gram of solid material corrected for the solvent and reinforcing material content, in a gel form with an organic solvent is prepared (1) by dispersing the polymer forming material in at least 25% by weight on the total weight of organic solvent, (2) casting the dispersion as a membrane, (3) polymerizing and curing to the insoluble, infusible state in the presence of the solvent and under conditions preventive of the escape of the solvent, and (4) maintaining the solvent content of the structure. The polymers may be the addition type, e.g. copolymers of divinyl benzene, di-isopropenyl benzene and diallyl ether, and dimethacrylate esters of ethylene or tetraethylene glycols with acrylic or methacrylic acids and esters, maleic anhydride, styrene, styrene p-sulphonic acids or esters, p-chloromethyl styrene, p-dialkylamino styrene, dialkyl p-vinyl benzylamine, trialkyl p-vinyl benzyl ammonium salts, N-alkyl vinyl pyridinium salts, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate and chloride, vinylidene chloride, and allyl alcohol; or the condensation type, e.g. condensates of aldehydes with phenol and substituted phenols, dihydroyybenzenes, phloroglucinol, aniline and substituted anilines, metaphenylene diamine, melamine, urea, guanidine and guanidine derivatives, polyhydic phenols and polyalkylene polyamines and of ketones with amines. The ion-exchange groups may be cation-permeable carboxylic or sulphonic ions with hydrogen or sodium associated therewith or anion permeable with mobile hydroxyl or chloride ions associated therewith, p, s- and t-amino or quaternary ammonium groups and not more than 4 milliequivalents or ion-exchange groups are incorporated for each mol. of cross-linking agent and not less than 1 equivalent of ion-exchange groups for each 10 mols. of monomer and may be present in the polymerizable components or incorporated after the gel is formed. Solvents mentioned are the lower aliphatic alcohols, saturated ethers, such as dioxane, saturated halogenated aliphatic liquids, such as ethylene chloride, ketones, or aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, and the dispersion of polymerizable components or partially polymerized components may be cast alone or with reinforcing material such as glass cloth, paper, polyvinylidene chloride screen, cellulose and polyvinyl chloride, battery paper, and polystyrene-coated glass fibre mat either admixed in the unpolymerized solution or present in the moulds or castings. The polymerizable components may be partially pre-polymerized before casting, and after polymerization the polymeric gel may be converted to an hydrous gel form by leaching repeatedly with water, or if the solvent is water-immiscible by an intermediate solvation with a mutually miscible liquid. Examples describe (1) the copolymerization of maleic anhydride and divinyl benzene with a 2-azo-bis (isobutyronitrile) catalyst in dioxane, by heating at 6.5 DEG C. when cast between two glass plates on glass cloth; (2) copolymerization of ethyl styrene and divinyl benzene with benzoyl peroxide in toluene cast as above, followed by sulphonation to ion-exchange resin; (3) condensation of a sulphonated mixture of resorcinol and phenol in methanol solution with paraformaldehyde; (4) condensation of diethylene triamine with resorcinol and paraformaldehyde and methanol; (5) copolymerization of a 2-vinyl pyridine quaternized with dimethyl sulphate, with divinyl benzene; (6) copolymerization of 2-vinyl pyridine and divinyl benzene in toluene with 2-azo-bis (isobutyronitrile) cast as above and quaternized with dimethyl sulphate in ethanol. The cast membranes are leached with water and equilibrated with sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid or sodium chloride. Specification 720,002 is referred to.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB35692/55A GB821229A (en) | 1955-12-13 | 1955-12-13 | Method of manufacturing electrically conductive membranes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB35692/55A GB821229A (en) | 1955-12-13 | 1955-12-13 | Method of manufacturing electrically conductive membranes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB821229A true GB821229A (en) | 1959-10-07 |
Family
ID=10380512
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB35692/55A Expired GB821229A (en) | 1955-12-13 | 1955-12-13 | Method of manufacturing electrically conductive membranes |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB821229A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2884253A1 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2006-10-13 | Univ Lille Sciences Tech | FUNCTIONALIZABLE MONOLITHIC MATERIALS |
WO2009086226A2 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-07-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Papers containing floc derived from diamino diphenyl sulfone |
EP2407582A1 (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2012-01-18 | Abbott Laboratories Vascular Enterprises Limited | Method and electrolytic solution for electropolishing stents made of high strength medical alloys |
KR101249271B1 (en) * | 2005-04-06 | 2013-04-02 | 다우 코닝 코포레이션 | Organosiloxane compositions |
US8647496B2 (en) | 2009-01-16 | 2014-02-11 | Abbott Laboratories Vascular Enterprises Limited | Method, apparatus, and electrolytic solution for electropolishing metallic stents |
-
1955
- 1955-12-13 GB GB35692/55A patent/GB821229A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101249271B1 (en) * | 2005-04-06 | 2013-04-02 | 다우 코닝 코포레이션 | Organosiloxane compositions |
FR2884253A1 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2006-10-13 | Univ Lille Sciences Tech | FUNCTIONALIZABLE MONOLITHIC MATERIALS |
WO2006108943A1 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2006-10-19 | Universite Des Sciences Et Technologies De Lille | Monolithic functionalisable materials |
JP2008539281A (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2008-11-13 | ユニヴェルシテ デ シヤーンス エ テクノロジ ドゥ リール | Monolith functionalizable material |
KR101013317B1 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2011-02-09 | 위니베르시떼 데 시앙스 에 테크놀로지 드 릴레 | Monolithic functionalisable materials |
CN101171075B (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2012-06-20 | 里尔科学技术大学 | Monolithic functionalisable materials |
WO2009086226A2 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-07-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Papers containing floc derived from diamino diphenyl sulfone |
WO2009086226A3 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-08-27 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Papers containing floc derived from diamino diphenyl sulfone |
KR101538190B1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2015-07-20 | 이 아이 듀폰 디 네모아 앤드 캄파니 | Papers containing floc derived from diamino diphenyl sulfone |
US8647496B2 (en) | 2009-01-16 | 2014-02-11 | Abbott Laboratories Vascular Enterprises Limited | Method, apparatus, and electrolytic solution for electropolishing metallic stents |
US9255341B2 (en) | 2009-01-16 | 2016-02-09 | Abbott Laboratories Vascular Enterprises Limited | Method, apparatus, and electrolytic solution for electropolishing metallic stents |
EP2407582A1 (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2012-01-18 | Abbott Laboratories Vascular Enterprises Limited | Method and electrolytic solution for electropolishing stents made of high strength medical alloys |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2730768A (en) | Method of manufacturing electrically conductive membranes and the like | |
US3247133A (en) | Method of forming graft copolymer ion exchange membranes | |
US3637535A (en) | Anion exchanger with sponge structure | |
US4505797A (en) | Ion-exchange membranes reinforced with non-woven carbon fibers | |
US4564644A (en) | Ion exchange resins prepared by sequential monomer addition | |
JPS6211005B2 (en) | ||
GB795624A (en) | Composite ion exchange resin bodies | |
US3947351A (en) | Acid diffusion-dialysis process utilizing anion exchange membrane of 4-55 micron thickness | |
US3284238A (en) | Novel gel compositions and methods for preparation thereof | |
US2960480A (en) | Production of haloalkylated resin particles | |
US3926864A (en) | Ion exchange membranes having a macroporous surface area | |
GB821229A (en) | Method of manufacturing electrically conductive membranes | |
CN111036099A (en) | Preparation method of crosslinked polysulfone anion exchange membrane | |
US2732350A (en) | Polyelectrolytes comprising copoly- | |
GB1116800A (en) | A process for the production of ion exchange resins | |
CN109935874B (en) | Cross-linked high-temperature electrolyte membrane and preparation method thereof | |
KR20140016883A (en) | Acid block anion membrane | |
US3716482A (en) | Anion exchanger with sponge structure and process of using same | |
US3009578A (en) | Pre-stressed reinforced ion-exchange membrane and method of making same | |
Yasuda et al. | Salt rejection by polymer membranes in reverse osmosis. II. Ionic polymers | |
CN106463740B (en) | Anion exchange dielectric film, have the dielectric film fuel cell film-electrode bond and fuel cell | |
US3634366A (en) | Polymerizing method | |
US4373031A (en) | Synthesis of anion exchange polymers employing ditertiary amines | |
GB1269986A (en) | Porous cross-linked copolymer and ion-exchange resin | |
US2678306A (en) | Carboxtsulfonic cation-exchange |