GB804994A - Improvements in rubbery pigments - Google Patents
Improvements in rubbery pigmentsInfo
- Publication number
- GB804994A GB804994A GB14454/55A GB1445455A GB804994A GB 804994 A GB804994 A GB 804994A GB 14454/55 A GB14454/55 A GB 14454/55A GB 1445455 A GB1445455 A GB 1445455A GB 804994 A GB804994 A GB 804994A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- silicon dioxide
- butadiene
- per cent
- ethyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
- C01B33/181—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by a dry process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
- C01B33/181—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by a dry process
- C01B33/182—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by a dry process by reduction of a siliceous material, e.g. with a carbonaceous reducing agent and subsequent oxidation of the silicon monoxide formed
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/10—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
- C09C1/30—Silicic acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/10—Particle morphology extending in one dimension, e.g. needle-like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/54—Particles characterised by their aspect ratio, i.e. the ratio of sizes in the longest to the shortest dimension
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/90—Other properties not specified above
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
A fibre-containing white silicon dioxide, having an average particle size 5-600 mm , surface area 60-300 sq. m./grm., and index of refraction the same as arc silica, and wherein the fibres having a ratio of width to length 1 : 10 to 1 : 50, is prepared by slowly heating brown condensed silicon monoxide in an oxidizing atmosphere from a temperature in the range of 500-540 DEG C. to a temperature below the sintering temperatures of silicon and silicon dioxide, e.g. not exceeding 1000 DEG C., and at a rate insufficient to cause ignition, holding the monoxide at the maximum temperature, and cooling, the time of heating at the maximum temperature being sufficient to oxidize the particles throughout. The silicon monoxide may be prepared by the processes disclosed in Specifications 804,991 or 804,992. The oxidizing atmosphere may be air, oxygen, carbon dioxide, steam, or mixtures, and the silicon monoxide may be stirred during oxidation. In an example (I) the silicon monoxide is placed in a furnace at 540 DEG C. in a steam atmosphere, and after 1 hour the temperature is increased to 650 DEG C. for 2 hours, raised to 730 DEG C. for 2 hours, and finally maintained at 820 DEG C. for 12 hours, and the product is allowed to furnace cool. The silicon dioxide is used in amount 20-45 per cent as a reinforcing filler for rubbers. The silicon dioxide may be milled into the composition or mixed with latex, which is coagulated and dried, and the composition may include minor amounts of vulcanizing, accelerator, anti-oxidant, and pigment ingredients. The composition is vulcanized at 250-300 DEG F. The rubber may be natural rubber, e.g. caoutchouc, balata, or gutta percha, polychloroprene, polymers of conjugated dienes, e.g. butadiene-1,3, isoprene, 2, 3- or 1,4-dimethyl butadiene-1,3, copolymers of such dienes or containing at least 50 per cent conjugated diene with isobutylene, methyl or ethyl acrylates or methacrylates, 2-vinyl pyridine, styrene, acrylo- or methacrylonitriles, or mixtures of these, or polyacrylic rubbers obtained by polymerization of esters of acrylic acid, e.g. methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or octyl acrylates, methyl, ethyl or butyl methacrylates, or methyl ethacrylate, or mixtures thereof, or by copolymerization of acrylic esters with 5-10 per cent chloroethyl vinyl ether, acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride, dichlorodifluoroethylene or styrene. The acrylic rubbers may be mixed with 80-20 parts polychloroprene, butadiene-1,3-styrene copolymer, or natural rubber.ALSO:A fibre-containing white silicon dioxide, having an average particle size 5-600 mm , surface area 60-300 sq. m./grm., and index of refraction the same as arc silica, and wherein the fibres have a ratio of width to length 1:10 to 1:50, is prepared by slowly heating brown condensed silicon monoxide in an oxidizing atmosphere (see Group III) and is used preferably in amount of 20-45 per cent, as a reinforcing filler for rubbers. The silicon dioxide may be milled into the composition or mixed with latex, which is coagulated and dried, and the composition may include minor amounts of vulcanizing, accelerator, anti-oxidant, and pigment ingredients, e.g. sulphur, zinc oxide, zinc stearate, titanium dioxide, di-dodecylamine, pine tar, phenyl b naphthylamine, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, diortho tolyl guanidine, N-penta-methylene ammonium penta-methylene dithiocarbonate, and stearic acid. The composition is vulcanized at 250-300 DEG F. The rubber may be natural rubber, e.g. caoutchouc, balata or gutta-percha, polychloroprene, polymers of conjugated dienes, e.g. butadiene-1,3, isoprene, 2-, 3- or 1,4-dimethyl butadiene-1,3, copolymers of such dienes or containing at least 50 per cent conjugated diene with isobutylene, methyl or ethyl acrylates or methacrylates, 2-vinyl pyridine, styrene, acrylo- or methacrylonitriles, or mixtures of these, or polyacrylic rubbers obtained by polymerization of esters of acrylic acid, e.g. methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or octyl acrylates, methyl, ethyl, or butyl methacrylates, or methyl ethacrylate, or mixtures thereof, or by copolymerization of acrylic esters with 5-10 per cent chloroethyl vinyl ether, acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride, dichlorodifluoroethylene, or styrene. The acrylic rubbers may be mixed with 80-20 parts polychloroprene, butadiene-1,3-styrene copolymer, or natural rubber. In examples: (II) a uniform mixture of silicon dioxide, natural rubber, zinc oxide, 2-mercaptobenzothiazyle disulphide, pine tar, phenyl b naphthylamine, stearic acid, secondary cocoamine, and sulphur is prepared; (III) a mixture of silicon dioxide, 75 : 25 butadiene : styrene copolymer, zinc oxide, stearic acid, secondary coco-amine, phenyl b naphthylamine, N-hexyl-2-mercapto benzothiazole sulphene amide, and sulphur is prepared. Specifications 804,991, [Group III], and 804,992 are referred to.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US804994XA | 1954-05-28 | 1954-05-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB804994A true GB804994A (en) | 1958-11-26 |
Family
ID=22157778
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB14454/55A Expired GB804994A (en) | 1954-05-28 | 1955-05-19 | Improvements in rubbery pigments |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (2) | DE1036235B (en) |
FR (1) | FR1132073A (en) |
GB (1) | GB804994A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1112044B (en) * | 1959-12-05 | 1961-08-03 | Akad Wissenschaften Ddr | Method and device for the extraction of crystals from the vapor phase |
DE1933292C3 (en) * | 1969-07-01 | 1982-04-29 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Process for the production of finely divided silica with reducing properties |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE189833C (en) * | ||||
US2428178A (en) * | 1944-07-18 | 1947-09-30 | Permanente Metals Corp | Method of making finely divided volatilized silica |
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0
- DE DENDAT1072601D patent/DE1072601B/en active Pending
-
1955
- 1955-05-19 GB GB14454/55A patent/GB804994A/en not_active Expired
- 1955-05-26 DE DEG17246A patent/DE1036235B/en active Pending
- 1955-05-27 FR FR1132073D patent/FR1132073A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1072601B (en) | 1960-01-07 |
DE1036235B (en) | 1958-08-14 |
FR1132073A (en) | 1957-03-05 |
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