GB749734A - Improvements in or relating to the continuous manufacture of certain alkyl nitrates - Google Patents

Improvements in or relating to the continuous manufacture of certain alkyl nitrates

Info

Publication number
GB749734A
GB749734A GB34998/53A GB3499853A GB749734A GB 749734 A GB749734 A GB 749734A GB 34998/53 A GB34998/53 A GB 34998/53A GB 3499853 A GB3499853 A GB 3499853A GB 749734 A GB749734 A GB 749734A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
per cent
parts
urea
nitric acid
propyl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB34998/53A
Inventor
Mervyn Nisbet Thruston Bentley
John Frederick Williamson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority to ES0217473A priority Critical patent/ES217473A1/en
Publication of GB749734A publication Critical patent/GB749734A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C203/00—Esters of nitric or nitrous acid
    • C07C203/02—Esters of nitric acid
    • C07C203/04—Esters of nitric acid having nitrate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/90—Regeneration or reactivation
    • B01J23/94—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides of the iron group metals or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/28—Regeneration or reactivation
    • B01J27/285—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts comprising compounds of phosphorus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C201/00—Preparation of esters of nitric or nitrous acid or of compounds containing nitro or nitroso groups bound to a carbon skeleton
    • C07C201/02—Preparation of esters of nitric acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
    • C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
    • C07C51/31—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation of cyclic compounds with ring-splitting
    • C07C51/316—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation of cyclic compounds with ring-splitting with oxides of nitrogen or nitrogen-containing mineral acids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L2101/00—Uses or applications of pigs or moles
    • F16L2101/30—Inspecting, measuring or testing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A process for the continuous production of a propyl nitrate comprises keeping an aqueous reaction solution containing per 100 parts thereof between 30 and 45 parts nitric acid, at least 3 parts urea, and between 10 and 31.5 parts ammonium nitrate, all by weight, at a temperature between 105 DEG and 112 DEG C. (preferably 107-110 DEG C.) at atmospheric pressure, while maintaining this composition and the bulk by continuously introducing under the surface of the reaction solution nitric acid, the appropriate propyl alcohol, water and urea, at least the continuously added nitric acid and said propyl alcohol being introduced in separate streams, if desired already diluted with at least part of the continuously added water, at rates such that the molar ratio of added nitric acid to said propyl alcohol exceeds unity, and the continuously added urea being introduced in solution in at least one of the liquids streaming into the solution, continuously distilling away and condensing the resulting vapour mixture containing the propyl nitrate formed, continuously bleeding off a portion of the aqueous reaction solution of said composition, and separating the propyl nitrate rich layer of the condensate from the water rich layer. The aqueous reaction solution may be progressively formed by heating a solution containing per 100 parts between 30 and 45 parts nitric acid and at least 9 parts urea or less than 9 parts but greater than 3 parts urea together with between 5.3 and 2.3 parts ammonium nitrate for each part of urea short of 9 parts. Preferred nitric acid, urea and ammonium nitrate concentrations in the aqueous reaction solution are 45 per cent, 3 per cent and 22 per cent at 110 DEG C.; 40 per cent, 3 per cent and 14 per cent at 110 DEG C.; 40 per cent, 4 per cent and 18 per cent at 108 DEG C.; 32 per cent, 6 per cent and 13 per cent at 105 DEG C. The examples describe the preparation of n-propyl and isopropyl nitrate. Specifications 379,312, 540,050, 696,489 and 743,141 are referred to.
GB34998/53A 1953-09-16 1953-12-16 Improvements in or relating to the continuous manufacture of certain alkyl nitrates Expired GB749734A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES0217473A ES217473A1 (en) 1953-12-16 1954-09-18 Procedure for the continuous obtaining of propyll nitrate (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB329357X 1953-09-16
GB333910X 1953-12-16
GB230854X 1954-08-23
GB250854X 1954-08-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB749734A true GB749734A (en) 1956-05-30

Family

ID=27448580

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB34998/53A Expired GB749734A (en) 1953-09-16 1953-12-16 Improvements in or relating to the continuous manufacture of certain alkyl nitrates

Country Status (6)

Country Link
BE (1) BE534134A (en)
CH (2) CH329357A (en)
DE (2) DE965230C (en)
FR (2) FR1107817A (en)
GB (1) GB749734A (en)
NL (2) NL89497C (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102557953A (en) * 2011-12-29 2012-07-11 北京理工大学 Method for preparing alkyl straight chain hydrocarbon monohydric alcohol nitrate ester with 4-10 carbon atoms
CN102557954A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-07-11 北京理工大学 Preparation method for methylnitrate
CN102816033A (en) * 2012-09-11 2012-12-12 北京理工大学 Carbinol nitrate full-simulation explosive mimics

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2294849A (en) * 1938-08-20 1942-09-01 Sharples Chemicals Inc Manufacture of nitric acid esters
BE504749A (en) * 1950-07-24

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102557953A (en) * 2011-12-29 2012-07-11 北京理工大学 Method for preparing alkyl straight chain hydrocarbon monohydric alcohol nitrate ester with 4-10 carbon atoms
CN102557953B (en) * 2011-12-29 2013-11-06 北京理工大学 Method for preparing alkyl straight chain hydrocarbon monohydric alcohol nitrate ester with 4-10 carbon atoms
CN102557954A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-07-11 北京理工大学 Preparation method for methylnitrate
CN102557954B (en) * 2011-12-30 2013-12-04 北京理工大学 Preparation method for methylnitrate
CN102816033A (en) * 2012-09-11 2012-12-12 北京理工大学 Carbinol nitrate full-simulation explosive mimics

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE534134A (en) 1900-01-01
CH329357A (en) 1958-04-30
NL89497C (en) 1900-01-01
DE965230C (en) 1957-06-06
FR1107817A (en) 1956-01-05
NL190507A (en) 1900-01-01
DE1059426B (en) 1959-06-18
FR1113918A (en) 1956-04-05
CH333910A (en) 1958-11-15

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