GB678561A - Compositions for sizing and other purposes and processes involving their use - Google Patents
Compositions for sizing and other purposes and processes involving their useInfo
- Publication number
- GB678561A GB678561A GB15935/49A GB1593549A GB678561A GB 678561 A GB678561 A GB 678561A GB 15935/49 A GB15935/49 A GB 15935/49A GB 1593549 A GB1593549 A GB 1593549A GB 678561 A GB678561 A GB 678561A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- water
- oil
- emulsions
- aqueous
- sodium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract 7
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 125000005608 naphthenic acid group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- -1 alkyl sulphate salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 3
- XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloro-2-n,2-n-diethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine Chemical class CCN(CC)C1=NC(N)=CC(Cl)=N1 XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002169 ethanolamines Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Fe].[Fe] YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940035044 sorbitan monolaurate Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 abstract 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical class OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/62—Rosin; Derivatives thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/02—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with hydrocarbons
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/17—Natural resins, resinous alcohols, resinous acids, or derivatives thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/04—Hydrocarbons
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/34—Higher-molecular-weight carboxylic acid esters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
Abstract
An emulsifiable composition, particularly suitable for preparing aqueous emulsions to be used in the sizing of fibrous materials (see Groups V and VIII), comprises a hydrocarbon, particularly a cyclic extract of a mineral oil, and a salt or salts of one or more naphthenic acids of acid number or acid numbers less than 200. The emulsifiable composition may also contain one or more of these naphthenic acids in the free state or supplementary emulsifying agents such as soap, higher alkyl sulphate salts, organic sulphonic acid salts, e.g. alkyl aryl sulphonates, or sodium rosinate. Suitable cyclic extracts are obtained by extracting mineral oils, for example petroleum oil, shale oil, or the pyrolysis or hydrogenation products of coal, with solvents which are selective for non-paraffinic constituents; such extracts are of predominantly aromatic and naphthenic nature. In general, aqueous emulsions prepared from the emulsifiable compositions are of the water-in-oil type when they contain water in an amount less than 40 per cent by weight of the emulsion, and of the oil-in-water type when they contain water in an amount greater than 40 per cent, while an emulsion of the water-in-oil type may be converted into one of the oil-in-water type by dilution with water. Instead of preparing the emulsifiable composition and emulsifying it with water, a mixture of the cyclic extract and one or more of the naphthenic acids may be emulsified with an aqueous alkaline agent. Suitable alkaline agents are the hydroxides or carbonates of alkali metals or ammonia, particularly those of sodium or potassium, the hydroxides of alkaline earth metals, particularly those of calcium or magnesium, and organic bases, such as aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic, primary, secondary or tertiary amines, or quarternary ammonium bases, particularly dimethylamine, propylamine, cyclohexylamine and the ethanolamines. The most stable emulsions are prepared by the use of slightly less than the stoichiometric amount of alkaline agent but the stability may be enhanced by the addition of protective colloids such as casein or gums. By the addition of a separately prepared slurry of pigment, e.g. lithopone, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, ochre or from oxide, preferably containing glue, to the emulsion, aqueous paint emulsions may be obtained. In the examples, aromatic extracts obtained from Californian petroleum lubricating oil are mixed with the naphthenic acids of acid number less than 200 and emulsified with aqueous sodium hydroxide. Tests are described in which the emulsions thus obtained are compared with emulsions of the aromatic extracts wherein the emulsifying agent is sodium rosinate, sodium petroleum sulphonates, a polyoxyethylene derivative of sorbitan monolaurate, or a mixture of this derivative with sorbitan monolaurate. In a furthe example a high viscosity residue, obtained by fractionating in presence of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution a lubricating oil distillate derived from California petroleum, and consisting of about 75 per cent by weight of hydrocarbons boiling above 300 DEG C and about 25 per cent of sodium salts of naphthenic acids of acid number approximately 150, is emulsified with warm water. Specification 587,279 is referred to.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US33218A US2665206A (en) | 1948-06-15 | 1948-06-15 | Sizing of fibrous materials and compositions useful for sizing and for other purposes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB678561A true GB678561A (en) | 1952-09-03 |
Family
ID=21869158
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB15935/49A Expired GB678561A (en) | 1948-06-15 | 1949-06-15 | Compositions for sizing and other purposes and processes involving their use |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2665206A (en) |
DE (1) | DE886409C (en) |
FR (1) | FR988219A (en) |
GB (1) | GB678561A (en) |
NL (1) | NL72781C (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3008868A (en) * | 1957-12-23 | 1961-11-14 | Armstrong Cork Co | Drainage rate of cellulosic papermaking slurries |
JPS55129136A (en) * | 1979-03-27 | 1980-10-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Emulsifying method |
DE3230289A1 (en) * | 1982-08-14 | 1984-02-16 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | PRODUCTION OF PHARMACEUTICAL OR COSMETIC DISPERSIONS |
US5116536A (en) * | 1982-08-14 | 1992-05-26 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Preparation of pharmaceutical or cosmetic dispersions |
DE3564973D1 (en) * | 1984-08-06 | 1988-10-20 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Process for paper sizing with anionic hydrophobic sizing agents and cationic retention agents |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH89824A (en) * | 1917-01-11 | 1921-07-01 | Phil Paul Martin Prof Dr Klemm | Method for gluing paper. |
DE364564C (en) * | 1921-01-11 | 1922-11-27 | Carl Jaeger G M B H | Process for gluing and waterproofing cellulose and similar materials in the Hollaender |
US1582257A (en) * | 1922-04-01 | 1926-04-27 | Union Oil Co | Preparing soluble oils |
US1678720A (en) * | 1926-04-22 | 1928-07-31 | Agasote Millboard Co | Sizing fibers |
US2036470A (en) * | 1931-10-24 | 1936-04-07 | Standard Oil Co California | Emulsifiable oil product and process of making the same |
US1958202A (en) * | 1931-12-19 | 1934-05-08 | Raybestos Manhattan Inc | Method of making sizing material |
US2214438A (en) * | 1938-10-04 | 1940-09-10 | Shell Dev | Process for purifying naphthenic acids |
US2289536A (en) * | 1939-04-01 | 1942-07-14 | Union Oil Co | Soluble oil and transparent emulsion |
US2340035A (en) * | 1940-09-13 | 1944-01-25 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Soluble oil |
US2347678A (en) * | 1941-02-15 | 1944-05-02 | Komel Corp | Emulsion |
US2423619A (en) * | 1943-11-10 | 1947-07-08 | Nuodex Products Co Inc | Method of preparing copper fungicide solutions |
US2423144A (en) * | 1944-10-07 | 1947-07-01 | Shell Dev | Emulsifiable hydrocarbon oils and emulsions thereof |
US2399464A (en) * | 1944-10-14 | 1946-04-30 | Gulf Research Development Co | Dust preventive composition |
US2447475A (en) * | 1945-11-29 | 1948-08-17 | Monsanto Chemicals | Emulsifiable oils |
-
0
- NL NL72781D patent/NL72781C/xx active
-
1948
- 1948-06-15 US US33218A patent/US2665206A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1949
- 1949-06-12 DE DEP45604A patent/DE886409C/en not_active Expired
- 1949-06-13 FR FR988219D patent/FR988219A/en not_active Expired
- 1949-06-15 GB GB15935/49A patent/GB678561A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US2665206A (en) | 1954-01-05 |
FR988219A (en) | 1951-08-24 |
DE886409C (en) | 1953-08-13 |
NL72781C (en) |
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