GB671573A - Improvements relating to the performance of gaseous exothermic catalytic reactions - Google Patents

Improvements relating to the performance of gaseous exothermic catalytic reactions

Info

Publication number
GB671573A
GB671573A GB4839/50A GB483950A GB671573A GB 671573 A GB671573 A GB 671573A GB 4839/50 A GB4839/50 A GB 4839/50A GB 483950 A GB483950 A GB 483950A GB 671573 A GB671573 A GB 671573A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
water
exchanger
heat
steam
catalytic reactions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB4839/50A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Montedison SpA
Original Assignee
Montedison SpA
Montecatini Societa Generale per lIndustria Mineraria e Chimica SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Montedison SpA, Montecatini Societa Generale per lIndustria Mineraria e Chimica SpA filed Critical Montedison SpA
Publication of GB671573A publication Critical patent/GB671573A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
    • C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
    • C07C29/1516—Multisteps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/0005—Catalytic processes under superatmospheric pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
    • B01J8/0449—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds
    • B01J8/0453—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0496—Heating or cooling the reactor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
    • C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
    • C01C1/0405—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
    • C01C1/0417—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst characterised by the synthesis reactor, e.g. arrangement of catalyst beds and heat exchangers in the reactor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
    • C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
    • C01C1/0405—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
    • C01C1/0482—Process control; Start-up or cooling-down procedures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
    • C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
    • C07C29/1512—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by reaction conditions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
    • C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
    • C07C29/152—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the reactor used
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00203—Coils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00256—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles in a heat exchanger for the heat exchange medium separate from the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/18—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor
    • B01J2219/185—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor vertical
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

<PICT:0671573/III/1> In effecting exothermic gaseous catalytic reactions, e.g. the synthesis of ammonia or methanol, at high temperature and pressure, the heat of reaction is removed by the evaporation, in a plurality of tubular heat exchangers 17 spaced between successively deeper catalyst layers 1-6 in the direction of gas flow, of portions of water in a common closed circuit, the quantities of water evaporated in each exchanger being independently controllable by the provision of valves 9 to produce steam at high pressure, the steam being drawn off at 12 condensed by indirect heat exchange with water in low pressure steam boiler 11 and the condensate returned by pump 10 to the exchangers 17. Valves 9 are regulated to achieve an overall decrease in temperature in the direction of gas flow. Reactant gases enter the converter at 13 and are preheated by heat exchange with reaction product gases in exchanger 7. The reaction product gases also serve to preheat the feed water to the boiler 11 in heat exchanger 8.
GB4839/50A 1949-02-24 1950-02-24 Improvements relating to the performance of gaseous exothermic catalytic reactions Expired GB671573A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT671573X 1949-02-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB671573A true GB671573A (en) 1952-05-07

Family

ID=11300057

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB4839/50A Expired GB671573A (en) 1949-02-24 1950-02-24 Improvements relating to the performance of gaseous exothermic catalytic reactions

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FR (1) FR1012978A (en)
GB (1) GB671573A (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3466152A (en) * 1965-07-28 1969-09-09 Ube Kogyo Kk Synthetizing reactor equipped with temperature control device for catalyst layer
EP0303032A1 (en) * 1987-08-01 1989-02-15 Uhde GmbH Synthesis process and apparatus, especially for the synthesis of ammonia
WO2001054806A1 (en) * 2000-01-25 2001-08-02 Meggitt (Uk) Ltd Chemical reactor with heat exchanger
US7033553B2 (en) 2000-01-25 2006-04-25 Meggitt (Uk) Limited Chemical reactor
US7967878B2 (en) 2002-01-04 2011-06-28 Meggitt (Uk) Limited Reformer apparatus and method
US8177868B2 (en) 2002-01-04 2012-05-15 Meggitt (Uk) Limited Reforming apparatus and method

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3466152A (en) * 1965-07-28 1969-09-09 Ube Kogyo Kk Synthetizing reactor equipped with temperature control device for catalyst layer
EP0303032A1 (en) * 1987-08-01 1989-02-15 Uhde GmbH Synthesis process and apparatus, especially for the synthesis of ammonia
WO2001054806A1 (en) * 2000-01-25 2001-08-02 Meggitt (Uk) Ltd Chemical reactor with heat exchanger
US7033553B2 (en) 2000-01-25 2006-04-25 Meggitt (Uk) Limited Chemical reactor
US7967878B2 (en) 2002-01-04 2011-06-28 Meggitt (Uk) Limited Reformer apparatus and method
US8177868B2 (en) 2002-01-04 2012-05-15 Meggitt (Uk) Limited Reforming apparatus and method
US8758459B2 (en) 2002-01-04 2014-06-24 Meggitt (Uk) Limited Reforming apparatus and method
US8882865B2 (en) 2002-01-04 2014-11-11 Meggitt (Uk) Ltd. Reformer apparatus and method with heat exchange occurring through a cross-flow configuration
US9617152B2 (en) 2002-01-04 2017-04-11 Meggitt (Uk) Limited Reforming apparatus and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1012978A (en) 1952-07-21

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