GB656253A - Improvements in and relating to lubricants - Google Patents

Abstract

Sulphurized unsaturated oxygen-free bicyclic terpenes for use as additives to lubricants and containing from 2 to 20 per cent sulphur are prepared by heating turpentine or terpenes such as a -pinene, sabinene, bornylene, fuchene and camphene, with or without an equal volume of refined mineral oil, with up to 25 per cent of sulphur, sulphur chloride, or phosphorus tri-or penta-sulphide at from 300 DEG to 360 DEG F. until all the sulphur has combined. The product may be purified by blowing an inert gas through it and contacting for a short time with a small amount of 80 per cent sulphuric acid at 100 DEG to 150 DEG F. The sludge is removed, and the product treated with fuller's earth. Activated carbon, bauxite, lime, or caustic at 200 DEG to 275 DEG F. for a short time and filtered. The sulphur must be well-bonded, i.e. the sulphurized material when blended with 90 per cent gasoline or kerosene must not appreciably discolour a bright copper strip immersed therein for 30 minutes at 210 DEG F.ALSO:A lubricant of increased film strength, stability, oiliness and colour stability, non-corrosive to cadmium and copper-lead bearings, comprises a lubricating oil containing a minor amount (0.1 to 5 per cent) of a sulphurized unsaturated oxygen-free bicyclic terpene containing only well-bonded sulphur, i.e. the sulphurized material when blended with 90 per cent gasoline or kerosene, will not appreciably discolour a bright copper strip immersed therein for 30 minutes at 210 DEG F. The sulphurized material, containing from 2 to 20 per cent sulphur, is prepared by heating turpentine or other terpene, with or without an equal volume of refined mineral oil, with up to 25 per cent of sulphur, sulphur chloride, or phosphorus tri- or penta-sulphide at from 300 DEG to 360 DEG F. until all the sulphur has combined. If the sulphurized terpene is to be used for crankcase lubrication of cadmium or copper-lead bearings, it is then purified by blowing an inert gas through it and contacting for a short time with a small amount of 80 per cent sulphuric acid at 100 DEG F. to 150 DEG F. The sludge is removed and the product treated with fuller's earth, activated carbon, bauxite, lime, or caustic at 200 DEG to 275 DEG F. for a short time and filtered. The effectiveness of the sulphurized compound is improved by the addition of halogen and phosphorus compounds such as chlorinated paraffin wax, chlorinated octadecanol, dichlorpropyl ether, chlorbutyrone, octadecyl trichloracetal, methyl dichlorstearate, chlortolylstearamide, chlor-oleyl amine and amide, calcium dichlorstearate, barium derivative of tertiary amyl phenol sulphide, pentachlordiphenyl, chlorinated wax-naphthalene condensate, trichlorphenol, trichlordiphenyl ether, chlordiphenylene oxide, chlorphenyl stearic acid, o - chlor - acetophenone, chlorbenzophenone, pentachlorphenylbenzoate, chlorbenzanilide, chlorphenyl phosphate, chlorphenyl phosphite, chlorphenyl phosphine, phosphazine, phosphanilide, phosphazobenzene, phosphorus isothiocyanide, and phosphoryl isothiocyanide. In general, any halogen or phosphorus-bearing organic compound having a vapour pressure less than atmospheric at 140 DEG C. may be so employed.