GB647705A - Improved method of and apparatus for carrying out chemical reactions - Google Patents

Improved method of and apparatus for carrying out chemical reactions

Info

Publication number
GB647705A
GB647705A GB3321345A GB3321345A GB647705A GB 647705 A GB647705 A GB 647705A GB 3321345 A GB3321345 A GB 3321345A GB 3321345 A GB3321345 A GB 3321345A GB 647705 A GB647705 A GB 647705A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
liquid
tubes
reactor
gas oil
reaction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB3321345A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Francaise de Raffinage SA
Original Assignee
Compagnie Francaise de Raffinage SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie Francaise de Raffinage SA filed Critical Compagnie Francaise de Raffinage SA
Publication of GB647705A publication Critical patent/GB647705A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C07C17/093—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens
    • C07C17/10—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of hydrogen atoms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
    • B01J19/006—Baffles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00054—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
    • B01J2219/00056—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
    • B01J2219/00058—Temperature measurement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00054—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
    • B01J2219/00056—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
    • B01J2219/00058—Temperature measurement
    • B01J2219/00063—Temperature measurement of the reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
    • B01J2219/00076—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements inside the reactor
    • B01J2219/00078—Fingers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
    • B01J2219/00076—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements inside the reactor
    • B01J2219/00081—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
    • B01J2219/00076—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements inside the reactor
    • B01J2219/00083—Coils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
    • B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
    • B01J2219/0009—Coils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
    • B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
    • B01J2219/00092—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
    • B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
    • B01J2219/00101—Reflux columns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00159—Controlling the temperature controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00164—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00182—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the level of reactants in the reactor vessel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00761—Details of the reactor
    • B01J2219/00763—Baffles
    • B01J2219/00765—Baffles attached to the reactor wall
    • B01J2219/00777—Baffles attached to the reactor wall horizontal

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Reactions between chlorine and an organic liquid are controlled by washing the gases emerging from the reactor with the reaction liquid in an auxiliary column, the temperature of the reaction and/or the supply of the reactants being regulated either manually or automatically <PICT:0647705/IV (b)/1> in accordance with the temperature conditions prevailing in the auxiliary column. Preferably the heat evolved in the reactor is in part dissipated by means of cooling tubes in which a liquid such as toluene boils, the vapours being condensed in a reflux condenser and returned via a collecting plate and openings into inner concentric tubes which connect with the base of each of the outer cooling tubes. As shown, the chlorination of gas oil takes place in a cylindrical column 1, chlorine being admitted through a pipe 2 and gas oil through a duct 18. The hydrochloric acid vapours pass through a duct 15 into a regulating column 16 where they are washed by gas oil entering at 17 and leaving at 18. Thermometers 19 show the level of the hot zone and in accordance with these measurements the supply of gas oil or chlorine is varied by hand or by means of thermostats. Cooling tubes 5 remove a part of the heat of the reaction, vapour from the boiling liquid being condensed in a reflux condenser 7, collected on a plate 8 and passed by means of V-shaped overflows 9 into a central collecting tube 10 for return to the base of the tube 5. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also a modification in which the reactor contains solid catalyst mounted on a number of perforated grates, the apparatus being rocked about an axis from its operative position for replacing the catalyst. According to another modification the temperature-controlling tubes are inverted, the temperature control liquid from the condenser being returned to the inner tube by means of a pump the output of which is controlled by a thermostat in the gas outlet of the reactor. A preheating coil may be inserted in the path of the returning liquid, and the tops of the tubes may be provided with radiating fins. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:<PICT:0647705/III/1> Exothermic or endothermic reactions between a gas and a liquid are controlled by washing the gases emerging from the reactor with the reaction liquid in an auxiliary column, the temperature of the reaction and/or the supply of the reactants being regulated either p manually or automatically in accordance with the temperature conditions prevailing in the auxiliary column. Preferably, in the case of exothermic reactions the heat evolved in the reactor is in part dissipated by means of cooling tubes in which a liquid such as toluene boils, the vapours being condensed in a reflux condenser and returned via a collecting plate and openings into inner concentric tubes which connect with the base of each of the outer cooling tubes. As shown, the chlorination of gas oil takes place in a cylindrical column 1, chlorine being admitted through a pipe 2 and gas oil through a duct 18. The hydrochloric acid vapours pass through a duct 15 into a regulating column 16 where they are washed by gas oil entering at 17 and leaving at 18. Thermometers 19 show the level of the hot zone and in accordance with these measurements the supply of gas oil or chlorine is varied by hand or by means of thermostats. Cooling tubes 5 remove a part of the heat of the reaction, vapour from the boiling liquid being condensed in a reflux condenser 7, collected on a plate 8 and passed by means of V-shaped overflows 9 into a central collecting tube 10 for return to the base of the tube 5. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also a modification in which the reactor contains solid catalyst mounted on a number of perforated grates, the apparatus being rocked about an axis from its operative position for replacing the catalyst. According to another modification the temperature-controlling tubes are inverted, the temperature control liquid from the condenser being returned to the inner tube by means of a pump the output of which is controlled by a thermostat in the gas outlet of the reactor. A preheating coil may be inserted in the path of the returning liquid, and the tops of the tubes may be provided with radiating fins. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
GB3321345A 1944-08-18 1945-12-07 Improved method of and apparatus for carrying out chemical reactions Expired GB647705A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR992732T 1944-08-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB647705A true GB647705A (en) 1950-12-20

Family

ID=9555062

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB3321345A Expired GB647705A (en) 1944-08-18 1945-12-07 Improved method of and apparatus for carrying out chemical reactions

Country Status (3)

Country Link
DE (1) DE952435C (en)
FR (1) FR992732A (en)
GB (1) GB647705A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110304987A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-10-08 安徽东至广信农化有限公司 A kind of production method improving Benzene Chloride purity and the float-valve type chlorination tower used

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1172674B (en) * 1960-04-02 1964-06-25 Metallgesellschaft Ag Device for the hydrogenation of organic compounds in the liquid state
DE3635217A1 (en) * 1986-10-16 1988-04-28 Bayer Ag METHOD AND STIRRING REACTOR FOR CARRYING OUT EXOTHERMAL REACTIONS
US4741881A (en) * 1987-01-08 1988-05-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Chemical reactor

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2139864A (en) * 1938-12-13 Treatment of oiticica oil
US1604379A (en) * 1919-05-26 1926-10-26 Blaisdell Filtration Company Filter and filter cleaner
GB306442A (en) * 1928-02-20 1929-07-29 Selden Co Catalytic apparatus
FR826376A (en) * 1936-09-05 1938-03-30 Heinrich Koppers Ind Mij N V Process and device for the supply and departure of heat in chemical ovens, more particularly catalytic, treating granulated material
US2225634A (en) * 1938-03-04 1940-12-24 Houdry Process Corp Regulation of temperature of chemical reactions
US2276307A (en) * 1938-04-18 1942-03-17 Houdry Process Corp Catalytic converter
US2291762A (en) * 1939-09-21 1942-08-04 Sun Oil Co Catalytic apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110304987A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-10-08 安徽东至广信农化有限公司 A kind of production method improving Benzene Chloride purity and the float-valve type chlorination tower used

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR992732A (en) 1951-10-22
DE952435C (en) 1956-11-15

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